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Administration Guide: Vmware Server 1.0
Administration Guide: Vmware Server 1.0
2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. Protected by one or more of U.S. Patent Nos. 6,397,242,
6,496,847, 6,704,925, 6,711,672, 6,725,289, 6,735,601, 6,785,886, 6,789,156, 6,795,966, 6,880,022,
6,961,941, 6,961,806 and 6,944,699; patents pending.
VMware, the VMware boxes logo and design, Virtual SMP and VMotion are registered trademarks or
trademarks of VMware, Inc. in the United States and/or other jurisdictions.
All other marks and names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective companies.
VMware, Inc.
3145 Porter Drive
Palo Alto, CA 94304
www.vmware.com
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VMware, Inc.
Contents
Chapter1IntroductionandSystemRequirements ...............1
VMwareServerOverview ...............................................1
FeaturesofVMwareServer ..............................................2
Supportfor32bitand64bitGuestOperatingSystems ...................2
TwoWayVirtualSMP(ExperimentalSupport) ..........................2
ConnecttoVMwareGSXVirtualMachinesandHosts....................2
UpgradeandUseGSXVirtualMachines ................................3
MoveExistingVirtualMachines.......................................3
CompatiblewithVMwareWorkstation5.xVirtualMachines..............3
ConfigureVirtualHardwareDevicestobeAutomaticallyDetected ........3
TakeandReverttoSnapshotsintheBackground ........................3
SupportforVMwareVirtualMachineImporter ..........................3
SupportforVirtualCenter.............................................4
APIsIncludedwithVMwareServer ......................................4
BeforeYouInstalltheRelease ............................................4
HostSystemRequirements ..............................................5
ServerHostHardware................................................5
WindowsHostOperatingSystemRequirements .........................7
LinuxHostOperatingSystemRequirements ............................7
RemoteClientRequirements.........................................10
VirtualMachineSpecifications ..........................................12
SupportedGuestOperatingSystems.....................................15
HardwareRequirementsfor64bitGuestOperatingSystems.............15
HardwareRequirementsfor32bitGuestOperatingSystems.............17
TechnicalSupportResources ...........................................20
SelfServiceSupport.................................................20
OnlineandTelephoneSupport.......................................20
SupportOfferings...................................................20
ReportingProblems .................................................21
LogFiles...........................................................22
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Chapter2InstallingVMwareServer ..............................25
SelectingYourHostSystem..........................................25
AbouttheVMwareServerConsoleontheServer .......................26
InstallingVMwareServeronaWindowsHost............................26
BasicInstallation....................................................28
DefaultDirectories ..................................................30
InstallationSteps ...................................................30
InstallingVMwareServeronaLinuxHost ...............................36
BasicInstallation....................................................37
DefaultDirectories ..................................................39
InstallationSteps ...................................................40
BeforeInstallingVMwareManagementInterfaceonaLinuxHost.........43
InstallingtheVMwareManagementInterfaceonaLinuxHost............44
InstallinganXServer................................................45
BeforeYouInstallonaSUSELinuxEnterpriseServer8Host .............45
ConfiguringWebBrowsersforUsewithVMwareServer ...................46
LaunchingtheVMwareServerConsolefromtheVMwareManagement
InterfaceonanEncryptedServer ..................................46
ConnectingtotheVMwareManagementInterfaceonaProxyServer......47
LaunchingHelpinNetscapeonaLinuxSystem ........................48
InstallingtheVMwareServerConsole ...................................48
InstallingtheVMwareServerConsoleonaWindowsHost ...............49
InstallingtheVMwareServerConsoleonaLinuxHost..................50
InstallingtheVMwareAPIs ............................................51
InstallingVmPerlandVmCOMAPIsonaWindowsHost................52
InstallingVmPerlAPIonaLinuxHost ................................54
UninstallingVMwareServer............................................55
UninstallingVMwareServeronaWindowsHost.......................55
UninstallingVMwareServeronaLinuxHost ..........................57
Chapter3MigratingfromGSXServertoVMwareServer......59
PreparingfortheMigration ............................................59
BeforeYouInstallVMwareServer ....................................59
WhenYouRemoveaVMwareProductandInstallVMwareServer ........62
MigratingtoVMwareServeronaWindowsHost .........................62
MigratingtoVMwareServeronaLinuxHost.............................63
UsingVirtualMachinesCreatedwithVMwareGSXServer.................64
CreatingEverythingNewfromtheStart ...............................65
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Contents
UsingaLegacyVirtualMachineWithoutUpgradingVirtualHardware....65
UpgradingtheVirtualHardwareonaLegacyVirtualMachine ...........65
UpgradingVirtualHardware ........................................66
UsingVirtualMachinesCreatedwithWorkstation5.x .....................75
Chapter4ManagingVirtualMachinesandtheVMware
Server Host ........................................................77
RemotelyManagingVirtualMachines ...................................77
ChangingthePortNumberforVMwareServerConsoleConnections......78
DownloadingtheVMwareServerConsole .............................81
SecuringVirtualMachinesandtheHost..................................82
UnderstandingPermissionsandVirtualMachines ......................83
AuthenticatingUsersandRunningVirtualMachinesforaWindowsHost .85
AuthenticatingUsersandRunningVirtualMachinesforaLinuxHost .....88
CheckingPermissionsintheVMwareManagementInterface .............90
SecuringYourRemoteSessions .......................................90
IdentifyingaVirtualMachinebyItsUUID ...............................92
SpecifyingaUUIDforaVirtualMachine ..............................93
LoggingVMwareServerEventsonWindows .............................94
BackingUpVirtualMachinesandtheVMwareServerHost.................95
UsingaBackupAgentintheVirtualMachine ..........................95
UsingaBackupAgentRunningontheHostOperatingSystem ...........96
BackingUptheVMwareServerHost ..................................96
ConsiderationsforBackingUpVirtualMachines........................97
UsingtheVMwareManagementInterface ................................97
SettingtheSessionLengthfortheVMwareManagementInterface ........99
LoggingOntotheVMwareManagementInterface ......................99
UsingtheStatusMonitor ...........................................101
ConfiguringaVirtualMachine ......................................105
TheApacheServerandtheVMwareManagementInterface .............111
LoggingOfftheVMwareManagementInterface .......................111
DeletingVirtualMachines.............................................111
DeletingaVirtualMachineUsingtheVMwareServerConsole ..........112
ConfiguringtheVMwareServerHost...................................112
SecuringRemoteConnectionswithSSL...............................112
ConfiguringStartupandShutdownOptionsforVirtualMachines........113
SettingUserPreferencesfortheVMwareServerHost...................117
SettingGlobalPreferencesforVMwareServer .........................123
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CreatingNetworkLabels ...........................................125
SettingMIMETypetoLaunchtheVMwareServerConsole .............128
UsingVirtualCentertoManageVirtualMachines ........................131
CreatingVirtualMachinesfromaVirtualCenterClient .................131
ConnectingtoaVirtualMachinefromaVirtualCenterClient ............131
Chapter5MovingandSharingVirtualMachines ..............133
MovingaVMwareServerVirtualMachine..............................133
VirtualMachinesUseRelativePaths .................................134
PreparingYourVirtualMachinefortheMove.........................134
MovingaVirtualMachinetoaNewHost .............................135
MovingVMwareGSXServer3VirtualMachinetoaNewHost ............136
VirtualMachinesUseRelativePaths .................................137
PreparingYourVirtualMachinefortheMove.........................137
MovingaVirtualMachinetoaNewHost .............................138
MovingOlderVirtualMachines........................................138
VirtualMachinesMayUseRelativeorAbsolutePaths ..................139
PreparingYourVirtualMachinefortheMove.........................139
PreparingtheNewHostMachine ....................................140
ConsiderationsforMovingDisksinUndoableMode...................141
SharingVirtualMachineswithOtherUsers..............................142
Chapter6PerformanceTuningandtheVMwareServerHost 145
ConfiguringandMaintainingtheHostComputer........................145
LocationoftheWorkingDirectory...................................145
DefragmentationofDiskDrives .....................................145
AdequateFreeDiskSpace ..........................................146
NICInterruptsCoalescing ..........................................146
ConfiguringVMwareServer...........................................146
GeneralVMwareServerOptions.....................................147
VMwareServeronaWindowsHost..................................151
VMwareServeronaLinuxHost .....................................154
UnderstandingMemoryUsage ........................................154
MemoryUseontheHost ...........................................155
SpecifyingHowMuchRAMisUsedbyAllRunningVirtualMachines ...155
MemoryUsageonOlderLinuxHosts ................................157
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Contents
Chapter7UsingHighAvailabilityConfigurations.............161
UsingSCSIReservationtoShareSCSIDiskswithVirtualMachines .........161
SCSIReservationSupport...........................................162
EnablingSCSIReservation ..........................................162
IssuestoConsiderWhenSharingDisks ...............................164
OverviewofClusteringwithVMwareServer............................165
ApplicationsThatCanUseClustering ................................166
ClusteringSoftware ................................................166
CreatingaClusterinaBox ............................................167
ConfiguringVirtualMachinesforClusterinaBox .....................168
CreatingaTwoNodeClusterwithMicrosoftClusteringServices ........169
UsingNetworkLoadBalancingwithVMwareServer.....................175
OverviewofNetworkLoadBalancingClusters........................175
CreatingaMultinodeNetworkLoadBalancingCluster .................175
CreatingTwoNodeClustersUsingNovellClusteringServices.............179
CreatingtheFirstNodesBaseVirtualMachine ........................180
CreatingtheSecondNodeintheCluster ..............................181
InstallingtheGuestOperatingSystemandVMwareTools ..............181
AddingtheSharedDiskstoBothVirtualMachines.....................181
InstallingNovellClusteringServicesontheClusterNodes ..............182
ClusteringUsingtheiSCSIProtocol ....................................183
ClusteringScenariosUsingiSCSI ....................................184
CreatingandConfiguringtheiSCSIInitiatorVirtualMachine ...........184
ConfiguringtheiSCSITargetintheCluster ...........................185
Appendix:MountingVirtualDisks...............................187
ConsiderationsforMountingVirtualDisks ..............................187
StatementofSupport ...............................................188
InstallingtheVMwareDiskMount .....................................188
RunningtheVMwareDiskMountUtility ................................188
ExamplesUsingtheVMwareDiskMountUtility .......................189
Glossary..............................................................191
Index .................................................................199
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VMware, Inc.
ThischapterintroducesyoutoVMwareServerandcoversthefollowingtopics:
!
VMwareServerOverviewonpage 1
FeaturesofVMwareServeronpage 2
HostSystemRequirementsonpage 5
VirtualMachineSpecificationsonpage 12
SupportedGuestOperatingSystemsonpage 15
TechnicalSupportResourcesonpage 20
Anystandardx86hardware.
AwidevarietyofLinux,NetWare,Solaris,andWindowsoperatingsystems,
including64bitoperatingsystems.Forinformationaboutspecifichardware
requirements,seeVMwareKnowledgeBasearticle1901orHardware
Requirementsfor64bitGuestOperatingSystemsonpage 15.
TwowayVirtualSMP(experimentalsupport).
IntelVirtualizationTechnology(experimentalsupport).
WithVMwareServer,youcan:
!
VMware, Inc.
Provisionanewserverwithoutinvestinginmorehardwarebylocatingmultiple
virtualmachinesonthesamehost.
RunWindowsandLinuxoperatingsystemsandapplicationswithoutsoftware
conflictsbecausevirtualmachinesarecompletelyisolatedfromoneanotherand
fromthephysicalhost.
Movevirtualmachinesfromonephysicalhosttoanotherwithouthavingto
reconfigure.
Shortenthetimeforprovisioninganewserverbycreatinganddeployingcustom
virtualmachineswiththeVMwareServerVirtualMachineWizard.
Movevirtualmachinestodifferentphysicalhostsasconditionschange.
Formoreinformation,seeFeaturesofVMwareServeronpage 2.
VMware, Inc.
VMware, Inc.
ToaccesstheVMwareVirtualMachineImporterfromtheVMwareServerConsole,
chooseFile>ImportorFile>Open.TheWizardtoimportavirtualmachineorsystem
imageopens.YoucanaccesstheVMwareVirtualMachineImporteronlyfroma
Windowshostmachine.
FormoredetailedinformationabouthowtousetheVMwareVirtualMachine
Importer,seetheVMwareVirtualMachineImporterUsersManual.
VMware, Inc.
Standardx86basedserverwithupto16processorshostswith32bitIA32
processors,andIA32processorswith64bitextensionssupported
733MHzorfastercompatiblex86processorthatsupportsthePentiuminstruction
set
Compatibleprocessorsinclude:
!
Intel:PentiumII,PentiumIII,Pentium4,PentiumMXeon,andEM64T.
AMD:Athlon,AthlonMP,AthlonXP,AMDOpteron,AMDAthlon64,
Turion64.
ExperimentalsupportforAMDSempron.
Multiprocessorsystemsaresupported.
Dualcoreprocessorsaresupportedandcountedasoneprocessorfor
licensing.
Memory
YouneedenoughmemorytoruntheMicrosoftWindowsorLinuxhostoperating
system,plusmemoryrequiredforeachguestoperatingsystemandapplicationsonthe
hostandeachguest.Seeyourguestoperatingsystemandapplicationdocumentation
fortheirmemoryrequirements.
Memoryrequirementsinclude:
VMware, Inc.
Minimum:512MB
Maximum:
!
64GBforWindowshostsandLinuxhoststhatsupportlargememoryorare
PAEenabled
4GBfornonPAEenabledWindowshostsor2GBforLinuxhostswithkernels
inthe2.2.xseries
Display
!
16bitdisplayadapterorhigher
250MBfreediskspaceonWindowshostsrequiredforVMwareServer,VMware
ManagementInterface,theVmPerlAPI,theVmCOMAPI,theProgrammingAPI,
andVMwareServerConsoleinstallation.
200MBfreediskspaceonLinuxhostsrequiredforVMwareServer,VMware
ManagementInterface,VmPerlAPI,ProgrammingAPI,andVMwareServer
Consoleinstallation.
!
Diskspacein/tmponLinuxhostsshouldbeequivalentto1.5timesthe
amountofmemoryonthehost.Forinformationonthe/tmpdirectory,read
VMwareknowledgebasearticle844at
http://www.vmware.com/support/kb/enduser/std_adp.php?p_faqid=844.
Sufficientfreediskspaceforeachguestoperatingsystemandtheapplication
softwareusedwithit.Usingadefaultsetup,theactualdiskspaceneedsare
approximatelythesameasthoseforinstallingandrunningtheguestoperating
systemandapplicationsonaphysicalcomputer.
IDEorSCSIharddrivesandDVD/CDROMdrivessupported.
Guestoperatingsystemscanresideinvirtualdiskfilesoronphysical(raw)disk
partitions.
AnyEthernetcontrollerthatthehostoperatingsystemsupports.
NonEthernetnetworksaresupportedusingbuiltinnetworkaddresstranslation
(NAT)orusingacombinationofhostonlynetworkingplusroutingsoftwareon
thehostoperatingsystem.
StaticIPaddressforyourhostmachine(recommended).
VMware, Inc.
Operatingsystemsandservicepacksthatarenotlistedarenotsupportedfor
useasahostoperatingsystemforVMwareServer.
64bithostcomputerscanrunthefollowingoperatingsystemsfor64bitextended
systems:
!
MicrosoftWindowsServer2003Enterprise,Standard,andWebEditions,R2
MicrosoftWindowsServer2003Enterprise,Standard,andWebEditions,Service
Pack1
32bithostcomputerscanrunthefollowingoperatingsystems:
!
MicrosoftWindowsServer2003Enterprise,Standard,andWebEditions,R2
MicrosoftWindowsServer2003Enterprise,Standard,Web,andSmallBusiness
Editions,includingServicePack1
MicrosoftWindows2000AdvancedServer,ServicePack3andServicePack4
MicrosoftWindows2000Server,ServicePack3andServicePack4
VmPerlAPIrequiresPerl5.005xorhigher.
VMwareManagementInterfacerequiresoneofthesebrowsers:
!
InternetExplorer5.5or6.0(6.0highlyrecommended)
Firefox1.x
Mozilla1.x
NetscapeNavigator7.0
NOTE
VMwareteststheVMwareManagementInterfaceforstabilityandreliability
withnewbrowserversions.VMwaremakeseveryefforttoaddsupportfor
newbrowserversionsinatimelymanner,butuntilabrowserisaddedtothe
abovelist,itsusewiththeproductisnotsupported.
VMware, Inc.
64bithostcomputerscanrunthefollowingoperatingsystemsfor64bitextended
systems:
!
RedHatEnterpriseLinux3.0AS,ES,andWS,stock2.4.21,update2.4.2115,and
updates6and7
RedHatEnterpriseLinux3.0AS,ES,andWS,update8(experimentalsupport)
RedHatEnterpriseLinux4.0AS,ES,andWS,includingupdate3
RedHatEnterpriseLinux4.0update4(experimentalsupport)
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer10(experimentalsupport)
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer9,includingSP1,SP2,andSP3
SUSELinux10
SUSELinux10.1
SUSELinux9.3
SUSELinux9.2,includingSP1
SUSELinux9.1stock2.6.452
MandrivaLinux2006
UbuntuLinux5.04and5.10
UbuntuLinux6.06(experimentalsupport)
32bithostcomputerscanrunthefollowingoperatingsystems:
MandrivaLinux2006
MandrakeLinux10.1
MandrakeLinux9.0stock2.4.19
RedHatEnterpriseLinux4.0AS,ES,andWS,includingupdates1,2,and3
RedHatEnterpriseLinux4.0update4(experimentalsupport)
RedHatEnterpriseLinux3.0,updates1,2,3,4,5,6,and7
RedHatEnterpriseLinux3.0update8(experimentalsupport)
RedHatEnterpriseLinux2.1stock2.4.9e3
RedHatLinux9.0,stock2.4.208andupgrade2.4.2020.9
RedHatLinux8.0stock2.4.18
RedHatLinux7.3stock2.4.18
VMware, Inc.
RedHatLinux7.2,stock2.4.710andupgrades2.4.97,2.4.913,2.4.921,and
2.4.931
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer10(experimentalsupport)
SUSELINUXEnterpriseServer9,includingSP1,SP2,andSP3
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer8stock2.4.19
SUSELINUX9.3
SUSELINUX9.2
SUSELinux10
SUSELinux10.1
SUSELINUX9.1stock2.6.452
SUSELINUX9.0stock2.4.2199
SUSELinux8.2stock2.4.20
SUSELinux7.3
UbuntuLinux5.04and5.10
Ubuntu6.06
NOTE
AsnewLinuxkernelsanddistributionsarereleased,VMwaremodifiesand
testsitsproductsforstabilityandreliabilityonthosehostplatforms.VMware
makeseveryefforttoaddsupportfornewkernelsanddistributionsina
timelymanner,butuntilakernelordistributionisaddedtothelist,itsuseis
notsupported.LookfornewerprebuiltmodulesintheDownloadsectionof
VMwareWebsite.Gotohttp://www.vmware.com/download.
OtherLinuxhostoperatingsystemrequirementsinclude:
!
Linuxkernel2.2.145.0isnotsupported.
StandardLinuxserverinstallationisrequiredwithglibcversion2.1orhigherand
libXpm.so.
TheinetdprocessmustbeconfiguredandactiveforVMwareServerConsoleand
VMwareManagementInterfaceconnections.
Version2.1.36oftheSCSIGeneric(sg.o)driverisrequiredtousegenericSCSI
devicesinvirtualmachines.
Perl5.005xorhigherisrequiredtouseVmPerlAPI.
VMware, Inc.
XserverisrequiredtoruntheVMwareServerConsole.
TheVMwareManagementInterfacerequiresoneofthesebrowsers:
!
Firefox1.x
Mozilla1.x
NetscapeNavigator7.0
NOTE
Asnewbrowserversionsarereleased,VMwareteststheVMware
ManagementInterfaceforstabilityandreliabilitywiththeseversions.
VMwaremakeseveryefforttoaddsupportfornewbrowserversionsina
timelymanner,butuntilabrowserisaddedtotheabovelist,itsusewiththe
productisnotsupported.
SLES8InstallgcconyourSLES8hostbeforeinstallingVMwareServer.
SLES7Toupgradethekernel,deselectanySambacomponentswhenyouapply
theupdatepatchbecausethepatchincorrectlyupdatesSambaonyourhost.
RunningtheupdatewiththeSambapackagesselectedcanresultinseriousissues
onyourhostsuchassystemhangsorsegmentationfaults.
Programming API
VMwareServerincludessupportfortheProgrammingAPI(previouslycalledCAPI).
Formoreinformation,gototheVMwareWebSiteat
http://www.vmware.com/support/pubs/server_pubs
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VMware, Inc.
Hardware Requirements
!
Standardx86basedcomputer.
266MHzorfasterprocessor.
64MBRAMminimum.
30MB(forWindowshosts)or60MB(forLinuxhosts)offreediskspaceisrequired
forinstallationoftheVMwareServerConsole.
17MBfreediskspaceisrequiredforVMwareScriptingAPIs(VmCOMandVmPerl
APIs)installationonWindowsremoteclients.14MBisrequiredforVmPerlAPIon
Linuxremoteclients.
WindowsServer2003x64Edition,WindowsServer2003StandardEdition,
WindowsServer2003EnterpriseEdition,andWindowsServer2003WebEdition
WindowsXPProfessionalandWindowsXPHomeEdition
ServicePack1andServicePack2
Windows2000Professional,ServerandAdvancedServer,ServicePack1,Service
Pack2,ServicePack3andServicePack4
WindowsNT4.0WorkstationandServer,ServicePack6a,withInternetExplorer
6.0installed
TheVMwareManagementInterfacerequiresoneofthesebrowsers:
!
InternetExplorer5.5or6.0(6.0highlyrecommended)
Firefox1.x
Mozilla1.x
NetscapeNavigator7.0
NOTE
Asnewbrowserversionsarereleased,VMwareteststheVMware
ManagementInterfaceforstabilityandreliabilitywiththeseversions.
VMwaremakeseveryefforttoaddsupportfornewbrowserversionsin
atimelymanner,butuntilabrowserisaddedtotheabovelist,itsuse
withtheproductisnotsupported.
StandardLinuxinstallationisrequiredwithglibcversion2.1orhigherandoneof
thefollowingkernels:
VMware, Inc.
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Forsingleprocessorsystems:kernel2.0.32orhigherinthe2.0.xseries,or
kernelinthe2.2.x,2.4.xor2.6.xseries.
ForSMPsystems:kernelinthe2.2.x,2.4.xor2.6.xseries
NOTE
Linuxkernel2.2.145.0isnotsupported.
Perl5.005xorhigherisrequiredtouseVmPerlAPI.
XserverisrequiredtoruntheVMwareServerConsoleontheclient.
TheVMwareManagementInterfacerequiresoneofthesebrowsers:
!
Firefox1.x
Mozilla1.x
NetscapeNavigator7.0
NOTE
Asnewbrowserversionsarereleased,VMwareteststheVMware
ManagementInterfaceforstabilityandreliabilitywiththeseversions.
VMwaremakeseveryefforttoaddsupportfornewbrowserversionsin
atimelymanner,butuntilabrowserisaddedtotheabovelist,itsuse
withtheproductisnotsupported.
Programming API
VMwareServerincludessupportfortheProgrammingAPI.Formoreinformation,go
totheVMwareWebsiteathttp://www.vmware.com/support/pubs/server_pubs.
Virtual Processor
!
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IntelPentiumIIorlater,orAMDAthlonorlater,dependingonhostprocessor;
IntelEMT64VT(experimentalsupport).
VMware, Inc.
Singleandmultiprocessorpervirtualmachineonsymmetricmultiprocessor
(SMP)systems.
Virtual Chipset
!
Intel440BXbasedmotherboardwithNS338SIOchipand82093AAIOAPIC
Virtual BIOS
!
PhoenixBIOS4.0Release6withVESABIOS
DMI/SMBIOScompliantforsystemmanagementagentsupport
Virtual Memory
!
Upto3600MBofmemorypervirtualmachine,dependinguponthehostsystems
configuration,thetypesofapplicationsrunningonthehost,andtheamountof
memoryonthehost.
Virtual Graphics
!
VGAandSVGAsupport
Uptofourdevices:disks,CDROMorDVD(DVDdrivescanbeusedtoreaddata
DVDdiscs).DVDvideoisnotsupported.
Harddiskscanbevirtualdisksorphysicaldisks.
IDEvirtualdisksupto950GB.
CDROMcanbeaphysicaldeviceoranISOimagefile.
Upto60devicesonuptofourvirtualSCSIcontrollers.
SCSIvirtualdisksupto950GB.
Harddiskscanbevirtualdisksorphysicaldisks.
GenericSCSIsupportallowsscanners,CDROM,DVDROM,tapedrives,and
otherSCSIdevicestobeusedwithoutrequiringdriversinthehostoperating
system.
Mylex(BusLogic)BT958compatiblehostbusadapter.
LSILogicUltra160LSI53C10xxSCSIcontroller.
VMware, Inc.
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SixvirtualPCIslots,tobedividedamongthevirtualSCSIcontrollers,virtual
Ethernetcards,virtualdisplayadapter,andvirtualsoundadapter.
Uptotwo1.44MBfloppydevices.
Physicaldrivesorfloppyimagefiles.
Uptofourserial(COM)ports.
Outputtoserialports,Windowsfiles,Linuxfiles,ornamedpipes.
Uptothreebidirectionalparallel(LPT)ports.
Outputtoparallelportsorhostoperatingsystemfiles.
TwoportUSB1.1UHCIcontroller.
SupporteddevicesincludeUSBprinters,scanners,PDAs,harddiskdrives,
memorycardreaders,andstilldigitalcameras.
Virtual Keyboard
!
104keyWindows95/98enhanced
PS/2mouse
Serialtabletsupport
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UptofourvirtualEthernetcards
AMDPCnetPCIIIcompatible
WirelessnetworkingsupportwithbridgedandNATnetworking
PXEROMversion2.0
VMware, Inc.
Virtual Networking
!
NinevirtualEthernetswitches(threeconfiguredbydefaultforbridged,hostonly
andNATnetworking).
VirtualnetworkingsupportsmostEthernetbasedprotocols,includingTCP/IP,
NetBEUI,MicrosoftNetworking,Samba,NovellNetWare,andNetworkFile
System.
BuiltinNATsupportsclientsoftwareusingTCP/IP,FTP,DNS,HTTP,andTelnet.
Soundoutputandinput.
CreativeLabsSoundBlasterAudioPCIemulation.MIDIinput,gamecontrollers,
andjoysticksarenotsupported.
AMDAthlon64,revisionDorlater
AMDOpteron,revisionEorlater
AMDTurion64,revisionEorlater
AMDSempron,64bitcapablerevisionDorlater(experimentalsupport)
IntelEM64TVTcapableprocessors(experimentalsupport)
VMwareServerperformsaninternalcheck.IfthehostCPUisnotasupported64bit
processor,VMwareServerdisplaysanerrormessagethatindicatesthehardwareon
yourhostmachineisincompatiblewith64bitguestoperatingsystems.Youcan,
however,continuetopoweronthevirtualmachine.
VMware, Inc.
15
VMwareServerprovidesastandaloneutilitythatperformsthesamecheckand
determineswhetheryourCPUissupportedforVMwareServervirtualmachineswith
64bitguestoperatingsystems.Youcandownloadthe64bitprocessorcheckutility
fromtheVMwareWebsiteathttp://www.vmware.com/download.
MicrosoftWindowsVista(experimentalsupport)
MicrosoftWindowsServer2003Enterprise,Standard,andWebEditions,R2
MicrosoftWindowsServerEnterprise2003Enterprise,Standard,andWeb
Editions,SP1
MicrosoftWindowsXPProfessional
MandrivaLinux2006
RedHatEnterpriseLinux3.0,includingstock2.4.21,update2.4.2115,and
updates6,and7
RedHatEnterpriseLinux3.0,update8(experimentalsupport)
RedHatEnterpriseLinux4.0,includingupdate3
RedHatEnterpriseLinux4.0,update4(experimenetalsupport)
SUSELinux9.1stock2.6.452
SUSELinux9.2,includingSP1
SUSELinux9.3
SUSELinux10
SUSELinux10.1
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer9,includingSP1,SP2,andSP3
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer10(experimentalsupport)
FreeBSD
!
FreeBSD5.3and5.4
FreeBSD6.0
Sun Solaris
!
16
Solaris10,includingupdate1andupdate2(experimentalsupport)
VMware, Inc.
Ubuntu
!
UbuntuLinux5.04and5.10
UbuntuLinux6.06(experimentalsupport)
MicrosoftWindowsServer2003,includingSmallBusiness,Standard,andWeb
Editions
MicrosoftWindowsServer2003EnterpriseEdition,includingR2
MicrosoftWindowsXPProfessionalandHomeEditions,includingSP1andSP2
MicrosoftWindowsVista(experimentalsupport)
MicrosoftWindows2000Professional,includingSP1,SP2,SP3,andSP4
MicrosoftWindows2000Server,includingSP1,SP2,SP3,andSP4
MicrosoftWindows2000AdvancedServer,SP3andSP4only
MicrosoftWindowsNT4.0ServerServicePack6a,WindowsNTWorkstation4.0,
includingServicePack6a,andWindowsNT4.0TerminalServerEditionService
Pack6a
MicrosoftWindowsMe
MicrosoftWindows98,includingallservicepacks
MicrosoftWindows98SE
MicrosoftWindows95,includingSP1andallOSRreleases
MicrosoftWindowsforWorkgroups3.11
MicrosoftWindows3.1
Microsoft MS-DOS
!
MSDOS6.x
VMware, Inc.
MandrivaLinux2006
17
18
MandrakeLinux10.1
MandrakeLinux9.2
MandrakeLinux9stock2.4.19
MandrakeLinux3.2stock2.4.186mdk
RedHatEnterpriseLinux3.0AS,ES,andWS,includingupdates1,2,3,4,5,6,
and7)
RedHatEnterpriseLinux3.0update8(experimentalsupport)
RedHatEnterpriseLinux4.0AS,ES,andWS,includingupdates1,2,and3
RedHatEnterpriseLinux4.0update4(experimentalsupport)
RedHatEnterpriseLinux2.1AS,ES,andWS,includingstock2.4.9e3
RedHatLinux9.0,stock2.4.208andupgrade2.4.2020.9
RedHatLinux8.0stock2.4.18
RedHatLinux7.3stock2.4.18
RedHatLinux7.2,stock2.4.710andupgrades2.4.97,2.4.913,2.4.921,
and2.4.931
RedHatLinux7.1stock2.4.22andupgrade2.2.312
RedHatLinux7.0stock2.2.1622andupgrade2.2.1714
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer10(experimentalsupport)
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer9,includingSP1,SP2,andSP3
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer8stock2.4.19
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer7stock2.4.7andpatch2
SUSELinux10
SUSELinux10.1
SUSELinux9.0stock2.4.2199
SUSELinux9.1stock2.6.452
SUSELinux9.2,includingSP1
SUSELinux9.3
SUSELinux8.2stock2.4.20
SUSELinux8.1stock2.4.19
VMware, Inc.
SUSELinux8.0stock2.4.18
SUSELinux7.3stock2.4.10
NovellLinuxDesktop9,includingSP2
NovellOpenEnterpriseServer,includingSP1
TurbolinuxEnterpriseServer8.0
TurbolinuxServer7.0
TurbolinuxWorkstation8.0
TurbolinuxDesktop10
Novell NetWare
!
NetWare4.2
NetWare5.1,SP8only
NetWare6,SP5only
Netware6.5,SP3only
FreeBSD
!
FreeBSD4.04.6.2
FreeBSD4.8
FreeBSD5
FreeBSD5.15.3
FreeBSD5.4
FreeBSD6.0
Sun Solaris
!
Solaris9(experimentalsupport)
Solaris10,includingupdate1andupdate2
Ubuntu
!
UbuntuLinux5.04and5.10
UbuntuLinux6.06
VMware, Inc.
19
SelfServiceSupport
OnlineandTelephoneSupport
SupportOfferings
ReportingProblems
LogFiles
Self-Service Support
UsetheVMwareTechnologyNetworkforselfhelptoolsandtechnicalinformation:
!
ProductInformationhttp://www.vmware.com/products/product_index.html
TechnologyInformationhttp://www.vmware.com/vcommunity/technology
Documentationhttp://www.vmware.com/support/pubs
KnowledgeBasehttp://www.vmware.com/support/kb
DiscussionForumshttp://www.vmware.com/community
UserGroupshttp://www.vmware.com/vcommunity/usergroups.html
FormoreinformationabouttheVMwareTechnologyNetwork,goto
http://www.vmtn.net.
Support Offerings
FindouthowVMwaressupportofferingscanhelpyoumeetyourbusinessneeds.Go
tohttp://www.vmware.com/support/services.
20
VMware, Inc.
Reporting Problems
IfyouhaveproblemswhilerunningVMwareServer,reportthemtotheVMware
supportteam.Youmustregisteryourserialnumberandthenyoucanreportyour
problemsbysubmittingasupportrequestat
http://www.vmware.com/requestsupport.
Thissectiondescribestheinformationneededtodiagnoseandreportproblems.This
informationlargelycomesfromlogfiles.Therequiredlogfilesdependuponthe
problemyouencounter.
Youcansimplifytheprocessofcollectingtheneededinformationbyrunningthe
supportscripttocollecttheappropriatelogfilesandsysteminformation.Followthe
stepsthatapplytoyourhostcomputer.
NOTE
ThesupportscriptrunsonlyontheVMwareServerhost.Ifyouencounter
problemsonaremoteclient,youmustsupplythelogfilesmanually.The
requiredlogfilesdependontheproblemencounteredontheclient.You
shouldincludetheVMwareServerConsolelogfileandtheinstallationlog
files.
Openacommandprompt.
ChangetotheVMwareServerprogramdirectory.
C:
cd \Program Files\VMware\VMware Server
Ifyoudidnotinstalltheprograminthedefaultdirectory,usetheappropriate
driveletterandsubstitutetheappropriatepathinthecdcommandabove.
Runthesupportscript.
cscript vm-support.vbs
Afterthescriptruns,itdisplaysthenameofthedirectorywhereithasstoredits
output.
UseafilecompressionutilitysuchasWinZiporPKZIPtozipthatdirectory,and
includethezipfilewithyoursupportrequest.
Openaterminal.
Runthesupportscriptastheuserwhoisrunningthevirtualmachineorasroot.
vm-support
VMware, Inc.
21
Ifyoudonotrunthescriptasroot,thescriptdisplaysmessagesindicatingthatit
cannotcollectsomeinformation.Thisisnormal.IftheVMwaresupportteam
needsthatinformation,asupportrepresentativemayaskyoutorunthescript
againasroot.
Thescriptcreatesacompressed.tgzfileinthecurrentdirectory.
3
Includetheoutputfilewithyoursupportrequest.
Log Files
ThefollowinglogfilesaregeneratedbyVMwareServerandarecollectedbythe
supportscriptasneeded.BecausetheVMwareServerConsoledoesnotincludea
supportscript,youneedtosubmitasupportrequestat
http://www.vmware.com/requestsupportforanyissuesyouencounteronaclientand
includetheVMwareServerConsoleslogfileoritsinstallationlogfiles.
22
VMware, Inc.
Inatexteditor,openthefollowingfile:
!
OnaLinuxhostedit/etc/vmware/config
Addthefollowinglinestothefile:
vmauthd.logEnabled = TRUE
log.vmauthdFileName = "vmauthd.log"
Afileiscreatedcalledvmauthd.log.OnaWindowshost,thisfileappearsby
defaultinC:\Windows\system32orC:\WINNT\system32;onaLinuxhost,thisfile
appearsbydefaultin/var/log/vmware.
Saveandclosetheconfigurationfile.
ThelogisenabledonaLinuxhost.
VMware, Inc.
23
OnaWindowshost,chooseStart>AdministrativeTools>Services.
RightclickVMwareAuthorizationServiceandchooseRestart.
ThelogisenabledonaWindowshost.
24
VMware, Inc.
C HAPTER 2
ThischapterdescribeshowtoinstallVMwareServeronyourLinuxorWindowshost
systemandcoversthefollowingtopics:
!
SelectingYourHostSystemonpage 25
AbouttheVMwareServerConsoleontheServeronpage 26
InstallingVMwareServeronaWindowsHostonpage 26
InstallingVMwareServeronaLinuxHostonpage 36
ConfiguringWebBrowsersforUsewithVMwareServeronpage 46
InstallingtheVMwareServerConsoleonpage 48
InstallingtheVMwareAPIsonpage 51
UninstallingVMwareServeronpage 55
VMware, Inc.
25
Add/RemoveProgramscontrolpanel.OnaLinuxhost,seeyourproductmanualfor
thecommandsneededtouninstalltheproduct.Youcanconnecttohostsrunning
VMwareGSXServer3.
DonotmixcomponentsofVMwareServerandVMwareESXServer.You
cannotusetheVMwareServerConsolefromVMwareESXServertoconnect
toaVMwareServerhost,orviceversa.Youcan,however,usetheVMware
ServerConsoletoconnecttoVMwareGSXServer3hosts.Toopenvirtual
machinescreatedonVMwareGSXServer2,youmustfirstuninstallVMware
GSXServer2andtheninstallVMwareServer.
ToinstalltheVMwareServerConsoleonaclient,seeInstallingtheVMwareServer
Consoleonpage 48.YoucandownloadtheVMwareServerConsolefromtheVMware
ManagementInterfaceforconvenientinstallationonaremoteclient.Formore
information,seeDownloadingtheVMwareServerConsoleonpage 81.
26
VMware, Inc.
BasicInstallationonpage 28
DefaultDirectoriesonpage 30
InstallationStepsonpage 30
InstalltheVMwareServersoftware(includingVMwareManagementInterface,
theVmCOMAPI,theVmPerlAPI,theProgrammingAPI,andtheVMwareServer
Console)ontheserver.
InstalltheVMwareServerConsoleandVMwareScriptingAPIsonWindowsor
Linuxclients.
StarttheVMwareServerConsole.
Youarepromptedtoenteryourserialnumbereitherduringtheinstallation
processorthefirsttimeyoustarttheVMwareServerConsole.
Entertheserialnumberonlyonce.
NOTE
YoureceivetheserialnumbersinanemailmessagefromVMware.The
messageincludesoneserialnumbertouseonaWindowshostandanother
serialnumbertouseonaLinuxhost.Entertheserialnumberthatis
appropriateforyourhostoperatingsystem.Todownloadthesoftwareagain
orrequestadditionalserialnumbers,goto
http://www.vmware.com/download/server/.
CreateavirtualmachineusingtheNewVirtualMachineWizard.SeeCreatinga
NewVirtualMachine.
Poweronthevirtualmachineandinstallaguestoperatingsystem.Youneedthe
installationmedia(CDROMorfloppydisks)foryourguestoperatingsystem.See
InstallingaGuestOperatingSystem.
InstalltheVMwareToolspackageinyourvirtualmachineforenhanced
performance.SeeInstallingVMwareTools.
Installsoftwareinyourvirtualmachine.
Startusingyourvirtualmachine.UsetheVMwareServerConsole,VMware
ManagementInterface,andVMwareScriptingAPIstomanageyourserverhost
andvirtualmachines.
VMware, Inc.
27
Basic Installation
OnaWindowshost,installVMwareServerfromamasterinstaller.Themasterinstaller
isaconvenientwaytoinstallallthecomponentsofVMwareServertheserver
software,theVMwareManagementInterfaceandtheVMwareScriptingAPIsoryou
canpickandchoosewhichcomponentstoinstall.Inaddition,theVMwareServer
Consoleisalwaysinstalled.Allcomponentsareinstalledintheirowndirectoriesunder
onemasterdirectory.
AbasicinstallationofVMwareServerusestwocomputers:aserverhostinganumber
ofvirtualmachinesandaclientworkstation.Theclientcommunicateswiththevirtual
machinesontheserveroveraTCP/IPnetworklink.
Inmorecomplexinstallations,oneclientcanrunmultipleVMwareServerConsoles,
witheachconsolemanagingmultiplevirtualmachinesonaseparateserver.
Beforeyoubegin,besureyouhave:
!
Serverandhostoperatingsystemthatmeetthesystemrequirementsforrunning
VMwareServer.SeeHostSystemRequirementsonpage 5.
Remotemanagementclientandoperatingsystemthatmeetthesystem
requirementsforrunningtheVMwareServerremotemanagementsoftware.See
RemoteClientRequirementsonpage 10.
VMwareServerinstallationsoftwarethatyoudownloaded.
VMwareServerserialnumber.Theserialnumberisincludedintheemailmessage
youreceivedfromVMwareorfromtheresellerfromwhomyoupurchased
VMwareServer.
InstallationCDsordisksforyourguestoperatingsystems.
InternetInformationServices(IIS)isinstalledandconfiguredproperly(necessary
tousetheVMwareManagementInterface).
28
VMwareServerpackagefortheserver,whichincludesthetoolsneededtocreate
andconfigurevirtualmachinesandtheVMwareServerConsoletoviewand
controlvirtualmachines.
VMwareManagementInterfacepackage,aWebserverformanagingvirtual
machinesandthehostfromabrowser.Formoreinformation,seeManaging
VirtualMachinesandtheVMwareServer Hostonpage 77.
VMware, Inc.
VmCOMAPIpackage,ascriptingtoolthatusesCOMtomanagevirtualmachines
remotely.Formoreinformation,goto
http://www.vmware.com/support/developer.
VmPerlAPIpackage,ascriptingtoolthatusesPerltomanagevirtualmachines
remotely.Formoreinformation,goto
http://www.vmware.com/support/developer.
ProgrammingAPIpackage.Formoreinformation,goto
http://www.vmware.com/support/developer.
Youcanchooseacustominstallationpathwhereyouinstallonlythepackagesyou
need.Inmostcases,youworkdirectlyattheserverwhenyouinstalltheserver
software.Youcanmanageandrunvirtualmachinesfromtheserverorfromanyclient.
VMwareServerConsole.
VmPerlandVmCOMAPIs(theVmCOMAPIandtheProgrammingAPIcanbe
installedonlyonaWindowsclient).
ThepackagesareavailablefromtheVMwareServerinstaller(onWindowshostsonly)
andontheVMwareWebsite.TheVMwareServerConsoleisavailableintheVMware
ManagementInterface.IfyouareinstallingtheVMwareServerConsoleonaLinux
client,seeInstallingtheVMwareServerConsoleonaLinuxHostonpage 50.
TheVMwareServerConsolecanrunonaremoteclientandontheserveritself.The
VMwareServerConsoleisavailableinclientpackagesforWindows(Windows2000,
WindowsXP,andWindowsServer2003)andLinux.
Typically,youruntheVMwareServerConsoleandbrowseronaclient.Thebrowser
allowsaccesstotheVMwareManagementInterface.TheVMwareManagement
InterfaceandVMwareServerConsoleletyou:
!
Monitortheoperationofvirtualmachines.
Start,stop,reset,suspend,andresumevirtualmachines.
Essentially,theVMwareServerConsoleallowsyoutomanagevirtualmachineslocally
andremotely,whiletheVMwareManagementInterfaceallowsyoutoremotely
managetheserverhostandallthevirtualmachinesonthehost.
TheVmPerlAPI,theVmCOMAPI,andtheProgrammingAPIcanconnecttoLinux
andWindowshosts.However,theVmCOMAPIcanrunonlyonaWindowshostor
client.YoucanusetheAPIstocreatescriptstoautomatemanagementofvirtual
machinesandtheserverhost.
VMware, Inc.
29
Default Directories
Bydefault,theVMwareServercomponentsareinstalledintothefollowingdirectories:
!
TheservercomponentsandtheVMwareServerConsoleareinstalledin
C:\Program Files\VMware\VMware Server.
TheVMwareManagementInterfacecomponentsareinstalledin
C:\Program Files\VMware\VMware Management Interface.
TheVmCOMAPIcomponentsareinstalledin
C:\Program Files\VMware\VMware VmCOM Scripting API.
TheVmPerlAPIcomponentsareinstalledin
C:\Program Files\VMware\VMware VmPerl Scripting API.
TheProgrammingAPIcomponentsareinstalledin
C:\Program Files\VMware\VMware VIX.
Youcanchangethedirectorythatcontainsallthecomponents,butmakenoteofthe
newpathsyouintendtouse.Theinstructionsmakeuseofthedefaultpaths.
Installation Steps
YoucannotinstallVMwareServeronacomputerthatalreadyhasanyofthefollowing
VMwareapplicationsinstalled:VMwareWorkstation,VMwarePlayer,VMwareACE,
VMwareGSXServer.YoucannothavemultipleversionsofVMwareServerinstalled
onthesamehost.IfyouplantoinstallVMwareServeronahostmachinethatisalready
runninganyoftheseVMwareproducts,youmustfirstuninstallthatproduct.Ona
MicrosoftWindowshost,usetheAdd/RemoveProgramscontrolpanel.
IfyouaremigratingfromVMwareGSXServer,seeMigratingfromGSXServerto
VMwareServeronpage 59.
CAUTION
DonotuseaMicrosoftWindowsTerminalServicessessiontoinstallthe
serversoftwareonahost.
ToautomatetheinstallationofVMwareServeronaWindowshost,seeAutomating
theInstallationofVMwareServeronpage 34.
30
VMware, Inc.
LogontoyourMicrosoftWindowshostastheAdministratoruserorasauserwho
isamemberoftheAdministratorsgroup.
NOTE
OnaWindowsServer2003host,youmustbeloggedonasalocal
administrator(thatis,notloggedontothedomain)toinstallVMware
Server.
AlthoughyoumustbeloggedonasanadministratortoinstallVMwareServer,
youcanruntheprogramafteritisinstalledasauserwithnormaluserprivileges.
NOTE
AwarningappearsifyouareinstallingVMwareServeronaWindows
hostconfiguredasanActiveDirectoryserver.Youcansafelyignorethe
messagebyclickingOKtocontinuetheinstallation,oryoucanchooseto
canceltheinstallation.
StarttheVMwareServerinstaller.
FromtheStartmenu,chooseRun,andbrowsetothedirectorywhereyousaved
thedownloadedinstallerfile(thenameissimilarto
VMware-server-installer-<xxxx>.exe,where<xxxx>isaseriesofnumbers
representingtheversionandbuildnumbers).
Theinstallerstarts.
ClickNext.
Accepttheenduserlicenseagreement(EULA).
VMware, Inc.
SelecttheIacceptthetermsinthelicenseagreementoption,andclickNext.
31
Choosetoperformacompleteoracustominstallation.
AcompleteinstallationinstallsVMwareServer,VMwareManagementInterface,
VMwareServerConsole,VmCOMAPI,VmPerlAPI,ProgrammingAPI,and
VMwareDiskMountUtilityonthehost.Tochoosethecompleteinstallation,select
Complete,andclickNext.
IfyouwanttoinstallalltheVMwareServercomponentsinadirectoryotherthan
thedefault,clickChangeandbrowsetothedirectoryofyourchoice.Ifthe
directorydoesnotexist,theinstallercreatesitforyou.
CAUTION
VMwareServermustbeinstalledonalocaldrive,notanetwork
drive.
WindowsandtheMicrosoftInstallerlimitthelengthofapathtoafolderto255
charactersforapathtoafolderonalocaldriveand240charactersforapathtoa
folderonamappedorshareddrive.IfthepathtotheVMwareServerprogram
folderexceedsthislimit,anerrormessageappears.Youmustselectorentera
shorterpath.
Whenyouarereadytocontinue,clickNextandgotoStep6.
!
32
Acustominstallationletsyoupickandchoosewhichcomponentstoinstall.You
canalwaysruntheinstalleragainatalaterdatetoinstallcomponentsyoudidnot
VMware, Inc.
installthefirsttime.SelectCustomandclickNext.TheCustomSetupscreen
appears.
IntheCustomSetupscreen,choosethecomponentstoinstall.Clickthearrowto
theleftofthecomponentyoudonotwanttoinstallandselecttheappropriate
optionfromthemenu.
Ifyouneedtodeterminehowmuchfreespaceisonyourhost,clickSpace.Thisis
usefulifyouarechoosingacustominstallationduetolimiteddiskspaceonyour
host.
IfyouwanttoinstallalltheVMwareServercomponentsinadirectoryotherthan
thedefault,clickBrowseandselectthedirectory.Ifthedirectorydoesnotexist,the
installercreatesitforyou.
CAUTION
VMwareServermustbeinstalledonalocaldrive,notanetwork
drive.
WindowsandtheMicrosoftInstallerlimitthelengthofapathtoafolderto255
charactersforapathtoafolderonalocaldrive,and240charactersforapathtoa
folderonamappedorshareddrive.IfthepathtotheVMwareServerprogram
folderexceedsthislimit,anerrormessageappears.Youmustselectorentera
shorterpath.
Whenyouarereadytocontinue,clickNext.
6
Tochangeanysettingsorinformationyouprovided,clickBackuntilyoureachthe
screencontainingtheinformationyouwanttochange.
VMware, Inc.
33
Otherwise,clickInstall.Theinstallerbeginscopyingfilestoyourhost.
IftheinstallerdetectsthattheCDROMautorunfeatureisenabled,itdisplaysa
dialogboxthatgivesyoutheoptiontodisablethisfeature.Disablingitprevents
undesirableinteractionswiththevirtualmachinesyouinstallonthissystem.
Theinstallercreatesoneshortcutonyourdesktop.Thisshortcutgivesyoueasy
accesstoyourvirtualmachinesfromthedesktopofyourhost.
7
ClickFinish.TheVMwareServersoftwareisinstalled.
Ifyouseeapromptthatsuggestsyourebootyourserver,dosonowtoallow
VMwareServertocompletetheinstallationprocess.
34
VMware, Inc.
Extracttheindividualinstallationpackages.Openacommandpromptandonone
linetype:
VMware-server-installer-1.0.0-<xxxx>.exe /a /s /v
"TARGETDIR=C:\temp\server /qn"
where<xxxx>isaseriesofnumbersrepresentingversionandbuildnumbers.
Runthesilentinstallationontheextractedinstallationpackages.Atthecommand
prompt,ononeline,type:
msiexec -i "C:\temp\server\VMware Server Standalone.msi" ADDLOCAL=ALL
/qn
TheinstallationcommandcanbecustomizedusingstandardMicrosoftWindows
Installerinstallationpropertiesaswellasanyofthefollowing:
Property Name
Description
Default
DESKTOP_SHORTCUT
InstallsVMwareServershortcutsonthe
desktop.Bydefault,shortcutsareinstalledon
thedesktop.
Topreventshortcutsfrombeinginstalled,add
thefollowinginStep2:
DESKTOP_SHORTCUT = 0
DISABLE_AUTORUN
DisablesCDautorunonthehost.Bydefault,
autorunisdisabledduringtheinstallation.
Toenableautorun,addthefollowinginStep2:
DISABLE_AUTORUN = 0
REMOVE_LICENSE
Uninstallonly:Removesallstoredlicenses
whenyouuninstallVMwareServer.By
default,VMwareServerkeepsthelicenseson
theserver.
Toremovelicenses,addthefollowinginStep
2:
REMOVE_LICENSE = 1
Caution:VMwarestronglyrecommendsyou
keepyourlicenses,incaseyoureinstallor
upgradeyoursoftware.
SERIALNUMBER
Automaticallyenterstheserialnumber.
none
Toentertheserialnumber,addthefollowing
inStep2:
SERIALNUMBER=<serialNumber>
VMware, Inc.
35
TheADDLOCALoptiondefaultstoinstallallVMwareServercomponents.Youcan
customizetheinstallationusingacombinationoftheADDLOCALandREMOVEoptions.
Youcanaddorremovethefollowingcomponents:
!
All,whichincludesalltheoptionsinthislist.
Network,whichincludesthebridgednetworkingadapter(vmnet0),the
hostonlynetworkingadapter(vmnet1)andtheNATnetworkingadapter
(vmnet8).ItalsoincludesNATandDHCP,butthesecanberemovedfromthe
installation.
NAT,theVMwareNATService.
DHCP,theVMwareDHCPService.
Toincludeacomponent,useitwiththeADDLOCALoption.
Toexcludeacomponent,useitwiththeREMOVEoption.Youalwaysinstallthe
bridgedandhostonlynetworkadaptersaspartoftheNetworkcomponent.
Forexample,toinstalleverythingbuttheVMwareNATandDHCPservices,
specifyonthecommandline:
ADDLOCAL=ALL REMOVE=DHCP,NAT
NOTE
TheDHCPandNATcomponentsarechildrenoftheNetworkcomponent.
Thus,youalsoskipinstallationoftheVMwareNATandDHCPservices
ifyouspecify:ADDLOCAL=ALL REMOVE=Network
36
BasicInstallationonpage 37
DefaultDirectoriesonpage 39
InstallationStepsonpage 40
InstallingtheVMwareManagementInterfaceonaLinuxHostonpage 44
BeforeInstallingVMwareManagementInterfaceonaLinuxHostonpage 43
InstallinganXServeronpage 45
BeforeYouInstallonaSUSELinuxEnterpriseServer8Hostonpage 45
BeforeYouInstallonaSUSELinuxEnterpriseServer8Hostonpage 45
VMware, Inc.
InstalltheVMwareServersoftware(includingVMwareManagementInterface,
theVMwareServerConsole,theVmPerlAPI,andtheProgrammingAPIonthe
server.
InstalltheVMwareServerConsoleandVMwareScriptingAPIsonWindowsor
Linuxclients.
StarttheVMwareServerConsoleandcreateavirtualmachineusingtheNew
VirtualMachineWizard,orcreateonefromtheVMwareManagementInterface.
SeeCreatingaNewVirtualMachine.
Poweronthevirtualmachineandinstallaguestoperatingsysteminthenew
virtualmachine.Youneedtheinstallationmedia(CDROMorfloppydisks)for
yourguestoperatingsystem.SeeInstallingaGuestOperatingSystem.
InstalltheVMwareToolspackageinyourvirtualmachineforenhanced
performance.SeeInstallingVMwareTools.
Installsoftwareinyourvirtualmachine.
Startusingyourvirtualmachine.
YoucanusetheVMwareServerConsole,VMwareManagementInterface,and
VMwareScriptingAPIstomanageyourserverhostandvirtualmachines.
Basic Installation
AbasicinstallationofVMwareServerusestwocomputers:aserver,hostinganumber
ofvirtualmachines,andaclientworkstation.Theclientcommunicateswiththevirtual
machinesontheserveroveraTCP/IPnetworklink.
Inmorecomplexinstallations,oneclientcanrunmultipleinstancesofVMwareServer
Console,witheachconsolemanagingmultiplevirtualmachinesonaseparateserver.
Andconsolesonmultipleclientscanconnecttovirtualmachinesonanyserver.
Beforeyoubegin,besureyouhave:
!
Aserverandhostoperatingsystemthatmeetthesystemrequirementsforrunning
VMwareServer.SeeHostSystemRequirementsonpage 5.
Aremotemanagementclientandoperatingsystemthatmeetthesystem
requirementsforrunningtheVMwareServerremotemanagementsoftware.See
RemoteClientRequirementsonpage 10.
TheinstallationCDsordisksforyourguestoperatingsystems.
TheVMwareServerinstallationsoftware,whichisinthefilesyoudownloaded.
VMware, Inc.
37
YourVMwareServerserialnumber.Theserialnumberisincludedintheemail
messageyoureceivedfromVMware.
Also,beforeyouinstallandrunVMwareServer,checkthefollowinginformationand
makeanynecessaryadjustmentstotheconfigurationofyourhostoperatingsystem:
!
TherealtimeclockfunctionmustbecompiledintoyourLinuxkernel.
VMwareServerforLinuxsystemsrequiresthattheparallelportPCstyle
hardwareoption(CONFIG_PARPORT_PC)bebuiltandloadedasakernelmodule(that
is,itmustbesettomwhenthekerneliscompiled).
ForSUSELinuxEnterpriseServer8hosts,thegccpackagemustbeinstalledon
yourhostbeforeyouinstallVMwareServer.SeeBeforeYouInstallonaSUSE
LinuxEnterpriseServer8Hostonpage 45.
CAUTION
Someoperatingsystems,suchasRedHatLinux7.2and7.3,includea
firewallbydefault.ThisfirewallpreventsaccessfromtheVMwareServer
ConsoleandtheVMwareManagementInterfaceonclientcomputersto
theVMwareServerhost.FortheVMwareServerConsoletoconnectto
thehost,youmustopenport902.ToconnecttothehostwiththeVMware
ManagementInterface,youmustopenport8333andport8222ifyou
plantodisableSSLfortheVMwareManagementInterface.
TheVMwareServerpackagefortheserver(fromanRPMortararchiveavailable
ontheVMwareServerCDROMortheVMwareWebsite).TheRPMfileiscalled
VMware-server-<xxxx>.i386.rpm andthetararchiveiscalled
VMware-server-<xxxx>.tar.gz,where<xxxx>isaseriesofnumbersrepresenting
theversionandbuildnumbers.
NOTE
38
TheVmPerlAPIandtheProgrammingAPIpackagesareinstalledwhen
youinstallVMwareServer.TheVmPerlAPIisascriptingtoolthatuses
Perltomanagevirtualmachinesremotely.
TheVMwareManagementInterfacepackage(fromatararchiveavailableonthe
VMwareWebsite).ThistararchiveiscalledVMware-mui-<xxxx>.tar.gz.
TheVMwareServerConsolepackage(whichyoudownloadfromtheVMware
ManagementInterface.)ThepackageisalsoavailableasanRPMfileorastar
archiveinaclientGZipfilethatalsocontainstheVmPerlAPI.TheRPMandtar
archivesfilesareavailableontheVMwareWebsite).TheRPMfileiscalled
VMware, Inc.
VMware-server-console-<xxxx>.i386.rpm, andthetararchiveiscalled
VMware-server-console-<xxxx>.tar.gz.
Inmostcases,youworkdirectlyattheserverwhenyouinstalltheserversoftware.You
canmanageandrunvirtualmachinesfromtheserverorfromanyclient.
TheVMwareServerConsole.
TheProgrammingAPI,theVmPerlAPI,andtheVmCOMAPI(theVmCOMAPI
canbeinstalledonlyonaWindowsclient).Formoreinformation,goto
http://www.vmware.com/support/developer.
TheVMwareServerConsoleisavailableintheVMwareManagementInterface.The
VmPerl,VmCOM,andProgrammingAPIareavailableontheVMwareWebsite.Ifyou
areinstallingtheVMwareServerConsoleonaWindowsclient,seeInstallingthe
VMwareServerConsoleonaWindowsHostonpage 49.
VMwareServerConsolescanrunonclientsandontheserveritself.TheVMware
ServerConsolepackagesareavailableforWindows(WindowsNT4.0,Windows2000,
WindowsXP,andWindowsServer2003)andLinux.
Typically,youruntheVMwareServerConsoleandbrowseronaclient.Thebrowser
allowsaccesstotheVMwareManagementInterface.TheVMwareManagement
InterfaceandVMwareServerConsoleletyou:
!
Monitortheoperationofvirtualmachines.
Start,stop,reset,suspend,andresumevirtualmachines.
Createanddeletevirtualmachines.
Configurehostandvirtualmachinesettings.
Essentially,theVMwareServerConsoleallowsyoutomanagevirtualmachineslocally
andremotely,whiletheVMwareManagementInterfaceallowsyoutoremotely
managetheserverhostandallthevirtualmachinesonthehost.
TheVmPerl,VmCOM,andProgrammingAPIcanconnecttoLinuxandWindows
hosts.However,theVmCOMAPIcanrunonlyonaWindowsclient.Youcanusethe
APIstocreatescriptstoautomatemanagementofvirtualmachinesandthehost.
Default Directories
Bydefault,theVMwareServercomponentsareinstalledintothefollowingdirectories:
!
VMware, Inc.
Theservercomponentsareinstalledin
39
/usr/bin
!
TheVMwareManagementInterfacecomponentsareinstalledin
/usr/lib/vmware-mui
TheVMwareServerConsolecomponentsareinstalledin
/usr/bin
TheApacheservercomponentsareinstalledin
/usr/lib/vmware-mui/apache/bin
(sotheydonotconflictwithexistingApachesoftwareonyourserver)
TheVmPerlAPIexecutablefilesareinstalledin
/usr/bin
TheVmPerlAPIlibraryfilesareinstalledin
/usr/lib/vmware-api
TheProgrammingAPIlibraryfilesareinstalledin
/usr/lib/vmware-vix
Ifyouinstalledthesoftwarefromatarinstaller,youcanchangethesepathsifyouwish,
butmakenoteofthenewpathsyouintendtouse.Theinstructionsmakeuseofthe
defaultpaths.
Installation Steps
ThestepsbelowdescribeaninstallationonaRedHatLinuxhost.Startfromthe
directorywhereyousavedthedownloadedinstallerfile.Ifyouareusingadifferent
Linuxdistribution,someofthecommandsmightbedifferent.
BeforeyouinstalltheVMwareServersoftware,ensureyourLinuxdistributionisfora
server,notaworkstation.Ifyouarerunningaworkstationdistribution,youmust
installtheinetdprocesstoconnecttotheVMwareServerConsoleandVMware
ManagementInterface.Ifyouneedto,reviewtheHostSystemRequirementson
page 5.
IfyoucurrentlyhaveVMwareGSXServerinstalledonyourhostmachine,see
MigratingfromGSXServertoVMwareServeronpage 59.Youshouldalsoread
BeforeYouInstalltheReleaseonpage 4beforeinstallingthesoftware.
40
VMware, Inc.
LogontoyourLinuxhostwiththeusernameyouplantousewhenrunning
VMwareServer.
Inaterminalwindow,becomerootsoyoucanperformtheinitialinstallation.
su -
Changetothedirectorywhereyousavedtheinstallerfile.
Dooneofthefollowing:
VMware, Inc.
UsetheRPMinstallerRunRPMspecifyingtheinstallationfile.
rpm -Uhv VMware-server-<xxxx>.i386.rpm
VMware-server-<xxxx>.i386.rpmistheinstallationfileontheCD;where
<xxxx>isaseriesofnumbersrepresentingversionandbuildnumbers.
UsethetarinstallerCompletethefollowingsteps:
Copythetararchivetoadirectoryonyourharddrive.Forexample,to/tmp.
cp VMware-server-<xxxx>.tar.gz /tmp where<xxxx>isaseriesofnumbers
representingtheversionandbuildnumbers.
Changetothedirectorytowhichyoucopiedthefile.
cd /tmp
Unpackthearchive.
tar zxf VMware-server-<xxxx>.tar.gz
Changetotheinstallationdirectory.
cd vmware-server-distrib
Runtheinstallationprogram.
./vmware-install.pl
Acceptthedefaultdirectoriesforthebinaryfiles,daemonfiles,libraryfiles,
manualfiles,documentationfiles,initdirectoriesandinitscripts.
Runtheconfigurationprogram.
vmware-config.pl
!
IfyouareinstallingVMwareServeronaMandrakeLinuxhost,the
configurationprogramasksforthelocationoflspci.Whenthatprompt
appears,enterthefollowingpath:
/usr/bin/lspcidrake
IfyouusetheRPMinstaller,youmustruntheconfigurationprogram
separatelyfromthecommandline.Ifyouinstallfromthetararchive,the
41
installerofferstolaunchtheconfigurationprogramforyou.AnswerYeswhen
youseetheprompt.
UsethisprogramtoreconfigureVMwareServerwheneveryouupgradeyour
kernel.ItisnotnecessarytoreinstallVMwareServerafteryouupgradeyour
kernel.
Youcanalsousevmware-config.pltoreconfigurethenetworkingoptionsfor
VMwareServerforexample,toaddorremovehostonlynetworks.
5
Configurenetworkingforyourvirtualmachines.
!
Ifyouwanttouseanytypeofnetworkingwithvirtualmachines,answerYes
tothisprompt:Do you want networking for your virtual machines?
Bridgednetworkingisalwaysenabledifyouenablenetworking.Formore
information,seeBridgedNetworking.
ToenableNAT,answerYestothefollowingprompts:
Do you want to be able to use NAT networking in your virtual machines?
Do you want this script to probe for an unused private subnet?
Thisallowsyoutoconnectyourvirtualmachinestoanexternalnetworkwhen
youhaveonlyoneIPnetworkaddressonthephysicalnetwork,andthat
addressisusedbythehostcomputer.Formoreinformation,seeNetwork
AddressTranslation(NAT).
Toenablehostonlynetworking,answerYestothefollowingprompts:
Do you want to be able to use host-only networking in your virtual
machines?
Do you want this script to probe for an unused private subnet?
Hostonlynetworkingallowsfornetworkingbetweenthevirtualmachine
andthehostoperatingsystem.Formoreinformation,seeHostOnly
Networking.
42
SpecifytheporttheVMwareServerConsoleuseswhenconnectingtotheVMware
Serverhostremotely.Port902isthedefaultport.Ifyoursiteusesthisportfor
anotherapplicationforexample,ideafarm-chatusesthisportthenspecifya
differentportfortheVMwareServerConsoletousehere.Tochangetheportlater,
seeChangingthePortNumberforVMwareServerConsoleConnectionson
page 78.
Specifythedirectorywhereyouwanttostoreyourvirtualmachinefiles.By
default,thisdirectoryis/var/lib/vmware/Virtual Machines.Makesurethis
VMware, Inc.
locationisonalargeenoughfilesystemtocontainthefiles,asthevirtualdiskfiles
foreachvirtualmachineareusuallygigabytesinsize.
9
EnteryourVMwareServerserialnumberexactlyasitappears(withhyphens)in
theemailmessageyoureceivedfromVMwareorfromtheresellerfromwhomyou
purchasedVMwareServer.Whenyouentertheserialnumber,itissavedinyour
licensefile.
Theconfigurationprogramdisplaysamessagesayingtheconfiguration
completedsuccessfully.Ifitdoesnotdisplaythismessage,runtheconfiguration
programagain.
10
Whenyoufinish,dooneofthefollowing:
!
Logofftherootaccount.
exit
InstalltheVMwareManagementInterface.GotoStep3underInstallingthe
VMwareManagementInterfaceonaLinuxHostonpage 44.
InstalltheVMwareServerConsole.GotoStep2underInstallingthe
VMwareServerConsoleonaLinuxHostonpage 50.
SomeLinuxdistributionsareknowntoshipwithouttheselibraries.FromyourLinux
distributionCD,installthisRPMpackage: compat-db-<#>.<#>.<##>-<#>.i386.rpmor
libdb#.deb,where<#>isaversionnumberparticulartoyourversionofthe
distribution.
IfyourdistributionCDdoesnothavethispackage,contactyourvendorforasuitable
library.IfyouinstallthispackageafteryouinstalledtheVMwareManagement
Interfacesoftware,starttheApacheserverwiththefollowingcommand:
/etc/init.d/httpd.vmware start.
VMware, Inc.
43
Youmustinstallthelibdb.so.3libraryfromyourLinuxCDROMfirst.For
moreinformation,seeBeforeInstallingVMwareManagementInterfaceona
LinuxHostonpage 43.
Inaterminalwindow,becomerootsoyoucancarryouttheinstallation.
su -
Changetothedirectorywhereyousavedtheinstallerfile.
Copythetararchivetoadirectoryonyourharddrive(forexample,to/tmp).
cp VMware-mui-<xxxx>.tar.gz /tmp
where<xxxx>isaseriesofnumbersrepresentingversionandbuildnumbers.
CAUTION
Makesurethedirectorytowhichyouplantountarthearchivedoes
notcontainanyfilesfromaprevioustarinstallation.
Changetothedirectorytowhichyoucopiedthefile.
cd /tmp
Unpackthearchive.
tar zxf VMware-mui-<xxxx>.tar.gz
where<xxxx>isaseriesofnumbersrepresentingversionandbuildnumbers.
44
Changetotheinstallationdirectory.
cd vmware-mui-distrib
Runtheinstallationprogram.
./vmware-install.pl
PressEntertocontinue.
AccepttheEULA.
Specifythedirectorywhereyouwanttoinstallthemanagementcomponents,the
binaryfiles,VMwareManagementInterfacefiles,initdirectoriesandinitscripts.
Oracceptthedefaultdirectories.
Allowtheconfigurationprogramvmware-config-mui.pltorun.
VMware, Inc.
10
Specifythenumberofminutesbeforeasessiontimesout.Thedefaultsession
lengthis60minutes.
11
Whenyoufinish,youcan:
!
Logofftherootaccount.
exit
InstalltheVMwareServerConsole.GotoInstallingtheVMwareServer
ConsoleonaLinuxHostonpage 50.
Installing an X Server
YouneedanXservertoruntheVMwareServerConsole.IfanXserverisnotinstalled,
youmustinstalllibxpm.so.4,locatedonyourLinuxdistributiondisk.
StartyourXserverifitdoesnotstartbydefault.Logonastherootuser.
RunYAST2,thedefaultconfigurationutilityforSLES8.
ClickSoftwareintheleftpane,clickInstallorremovesoftwareintherightpane.
CheckC++CompilerandToolsintheleftpane,andclickAccept.
Whenprompted,inserttheSLES8CD.
ClickClosetoexitYAST2.
Thegccprogramisinstalled.NowinstallVMwareServer.
Toinstallthecorrectlibrary,runtheversionoftheBerkeleyDatabase
compat-db-<#>.<#>.<##>-<#>.i386.rpmRPMpackageincludedwithyourLinux
distribution,aslongasyouinstall:compat-db-3.3.<##>-<#>.i386.rpmorlater.
IfyouinstalledthispackageafteryouinstalledtheVMwareManagementInterface
software,starttheApacheserverwiththiscommand:
/etc/init.d/httpd.vmware start
VMware, Inc.
45
LaunchingtheVMwareServerConsolefromtheVMwareManagementInterface
onanEncryptedServeronpage 46
ConnectingtotheVMwareManagementInterfaceonaProxyServeronpage 47
LaunchingHelpinNetscapeonaLinuxSystemonpage 48
Thisoptionmighthavebeenenableddeliberatelyatyoursitetoprevent
thesavingofsensitivefilestodisk.Disablingitcouldpermitother
sensitiveinformationtobesavedtodisk.
46
IntheInternetExplorer6.0window,opentheInternetOptionscontrolpanel.
ChooseTools>InternetOptions.
ClicktheAdvancedtab.
VMware, Inc.
ScrolldowntotheSecuritysection,anddeselecttheDonotsaveencryptedpages
todiskcheckbox.
ClickOK.
LaunchInternetExplorer6.0.
ChooseTools>InternetOptions,andclicktheSecuritytab.
SelectTrustedsites,andclickSites.
IntheAddthisWebsitetothezoneentryfield,type
https://*.<domain>
where<domain>isyourorganizationsdomainname,suchasvmware.com.
ClickAdd.
ClickOKuntilyoureturntothebrowserwindow.
WhenyouuseInternetExplorer6.0toconnecttotheVMwareManagementInterface,
besuretousefullyqualifieddomainnames.
To connect to the VMware Management Interface on Windows 2000, Windows XP,
and Windows NT operating systems
1
LaunchInternetExplorer6.0.
ChooseTools>InternetOptions.
ClicktheConnectionstab,andclickLANSettings.
MakesurethatBypassproxyserverforlocaladdressesischecked.
ClickOKuntilyoureturntothebrowserwindow.
WhenyouuseInternetExplorer6.0toconnecttotheVMwareManagementInterface,
donotusefullyqualifieddomainnames.
VMware, Inc.
47
DonotinstalltheVMwareServerConsolefromaclientinstallerpackage
ontotheVMwareServerhost.DonotdownloadandinstalltheVMware
ServerConsolefromanolderversionofVMwareServerorVMwareESX
Serverontoanyclient.
ThefollowingsectionsdescribehowtoinstalltheVMwareServerConsoleonWindows
andLinuxcomputers:
48
InstallingtheVMwareServerConsoleonaWindowsHostonpage 49
InstallingtheVMwareServerConsoleonaLinuxHostonpage 50
VMware, Inc.
AfteryoudownloadtheVMwareServerConsoleinstallationpackage,gotothe
directorywhereyoudownloadedtheinstallerandrun
VMware-server-console-<xxxx>.exe,where<xxxx>isaseriesofnumbers
representingtheversionandbuildnumbers.
TheInstallShieldWizarddialogboxappears.
ClickNext.
Accepttheenduserlicenseagreement(EULA),andclickNext.
ChoosethedirectoryinwhichtoinstalltheVMwareServerConsole.Ifyouprefer
toinstallitinadirectoryotherthanthedefault,clickChangeandchangetoyour
directoryofchoice.Ifthedirectorydoesnotexist,itiscreatedforyou.ClickNext.
Ifyouwanttochangeanysettingsorinformationyouprovided,clickBackuntil
youreachthedialogboxcontainingtheinformationyouwanttochange.
Otherwise,clickInstall.Theinstallerbeginscopyingfilestoyourhost.
VMware, Inc.
Whenthesetupcompletes,clickFinish.Youdonotneedtorebootyourhost
operatingsystemafteryouinstalltheVMwareServerConsole.
49
Inaterminalwindow,ifyouhavenotdonesoalready,becomerootsoyoucan
carryouttheinstallationsteps:
su -
Changetothedirectorytowhereyousavedtheinstallerfile.
Ifyoudownloadeda.zipfilefromtheVMwareWebsite,unziptheclientinstaller
archiveto/tmp:
unzip VMware-server-linux-client-<xxxx>.zip -d /tmp
where<xxxx>isaseriesofnumbersrepresentingtheversionandbuildnumbers.
CAUTION
ToinstalltheVMwareServerConsolefromatarpackage,makesure
thedirectorytowhichyouplantountarthetararchivedoesnot
containanyfilesfromapreviousconsoletarinstallation.
Changetothe/tmpdirectory.
cd /tmp
Dooneofthefollowing:
!
UsetheRPMinstaller.RunRPMspecifyingtheinstallationfile.
rpm -Uhv VMware-server-console-<xxxx>.i386.rpm
where<xxxx>isaseriesofnumbersrepresentingtheversionandbuild
numbers.
Usethetarinstaller.Completethefollowingsteps:
Unpackthearchive.
tar zxf VMware-server-console-<xxxx>.tar.gz
where<xxxx>isaseriesofnumbersrepresentingtheversionandbuild
numbers.
Thearchiveunpackstovmware-server-console-distrib.
50
VMware, Inc.
Runtheinstaller.
cd vmware-server-console-distrib
./vmware-install.pl
AccepttheEULAandanswerthequestionsspecifyingdefaultdirectoriesfor
thebinaryfiles,libraryfiles,manualfiles,anddocumentationfiles.
Runtheconfigurationprogramvmware-config-console.pl.
NOTE
IfyouusetheRPMinstaller,youmustrunthisprogramseparatelyfrom
thecommandline.Ifyouinstallfromthetararchive,theinstalleroffers
tolaunchtheconfigurationprogramforyou.AnswerYeswhenyousee
theprompt.
Ifyouspecifiedadifferentportnumberwhenyouinstalledtheserversoftware,
enterthatportnumberhere.Otherwise,keepthedefaultof902.
Whenyoufinish,logoffoftherootaccount.
exit
InstallingVmPerlandVmCOMAPIsonaWindowsHostonpage 52
InstallingVmPerlAPIonaLinuxHostonpage 54
VMware, Inc.
51
ChooseStart>Runandbrowsetothedirectorywhereyousavedthedownloaded
installerfile(thenameissimilartoVMware-VmPerlAPI-<xxxx>.exeor
VMware-VmCOMAPI-<xxxx>.exe,where<xxxx>isaseriesofnumbersrepresenting
theversionandbuildnumbers).
Theinstallerstarts.
52
ClickNext.
Accepttheenduserlicenseagreement(EULA),andclickNext.
VMware, Inc.
ChoosethedirectoryinwhichtoinstallthescriptingAPI.Toinstallitinadirectory
otherthanthedefault,clickChangeandbrowsetoyourdirectoryofchoice.Ifthe
directorydoesnotexist,theinstallercreatesitforyou.ClickNext.
NOTE
WindowsandtheMicrosoftInstallerlimitthepathlengthto255
charactersforapathtoafolderonalocaldrive,and240charactersfora
pathtoafolderonamappedorshareddrive.Ifthepathtothescripting
APIprogramfolderexceedsthislimit,anerrormessageappears.You
mustselectorenterashorterpath.
Ifyouwanttochangeanysettingsorinformationyouprovided,clickBackuntil
youreachthedialogboxcontainingtheinformationyouwanttochange.
Otherwise,clickInstall.
Theinstallerbeginscopyingfilestoyourhost.
ClickFinish.
TheVMwareScriptingAPIisinstalled.
IfyouinstalltheVmCOMAPI,twodirectoriesnamedMiniMUIandSampleScriptsare
createdintheVmCOMAPIdirectory.TheMiniMUIdirectorycontainsasample
VMware, Inc.
53
MicrosoftVisualBasic6projectthatusestheVmCOMAPI.TheSampleScripts
directorycontainsVBScriptandJScriptsamplesusingtheVmCOMAPI.
IfyouinstalltheVmPerlAPI,aSampleScriptsdirectoryiscreatedintheVmPerlAPI
directory.TheSampleScriptsdirectorycontainssamplescriptsusingtheVmPerlAPI.
Thereisno64bitversionoftheVmPerlAPIavailableforinstallationona
64bitLinuxhost.TousetheVmPerlAPIwitha64bitLinuxhost,installthe
32bitversionoftheVmPerlAPIona32bitLinuxhostandusethatAPIto
controla64bithost.
54
DownloadtheVmPerlAPIpackagefromtheVMwareManagementInterface
LoginpagetothemachineonwhichyouwanttoruntheVMwareScriptingAPI.
Inaterminalwindow,ifyouhavenotdonesoalready,becomerootsoyoucan
carryouttheinstallationsteps.
su -
Untarthepackage.
tar zxf VMware-VmPerlAPI-<xxxx>.tar.gz
where<xxxx>isaseriesofnumbersrepresentingtheversionandbuildnumbers.
Changetotheinstallationdirectory.
cd vmware-api-distrib
Runtheinstallationprogram.
./vmware-install.pl
PressEntertoreadtheenduserlicenseagreement(EULA).Youmaypagethrough
itbypressingthespacebar.IftheDo you accept?promptdoesntappear,pressQ
togettothenextprompt.AccepttheEULA.
SpecifythedirectorywhereyouwanttoinstalltheVmPerlAPIexecutablefiles.
ThedefaultiswherePerlisinstalledonyourhost,typically/usr/bin.
VMware, Inc.
SpecifythedirectorywhereyouwanttoinstalltheVmPerlAPIlibraryfiles.The
defaultis/usr/lib/vmware-api.
ThisdirectoryincludesthesamplescriptsfortheVmPerlAPI.TheSampleScripts
directorycontainsexamplescriptsthatdemonstrateuseoftheVmPerlAPI.You
cancustomizethesescriptsforyourorganization.
SpecifythedirectorywhereyouwanttoinstalltheVmPerlAPIdocumentation
files.ThesefilesconsistoftheREADME,enduserlicenseagreementandcopyright
information.Thedefaultis/usr/share/doc/vmware-api.
10
Whenyoufinish,logoffoftherootaccount.
exit
UninstallingVMwareServeronaWindowsHostonpage 55
UninstallingVMwareServeronaLinuxHostonpage 57
OnaWindowsServer2003host,chooseStart>Settings>ControlPanel>Addor
RemovePrograms.SelecttheVMwareServer,andclickRemove.
OnaWindows2000host,chooseStart>Settings>ControlPanel>Add/Remove
Programs.SelecttheVMwareServer,andclickRemove.
VMware, Inc.
Afterthemasterinstallerlaunches,clickNext.
55
SelectRemove,andclickNext.
WhenyouarereadytobeginremovingVMwareServer,clickRemove.
Duringtheuninstallation,youareaskedwhetheryouwanttokeepyourVMware
licensesintheWindowsregistry.VMwarestronglyrecommendsyoukeepyour
licenses,incaseyoureinstallorupgradeyoursoftware.
Tokeepthelicensesintheregistry,clickYes.
Duringtheuninstallation,youareaskedwhetheryouwanttokeepanylogin
informationforanyvirtualmachinesconfiguredtorunasspecificuseraccounts.
Ifyouchoosetodeletethelogininformation,andreinstallVMwareServer,any
virtualmachinesconfiguredtorunasspecificuserswillrunastheuserthat
powersonthosevirtualmachines.Afteryoudecidewhethertokeepthelogin
information,theuninstallationcontinues.
Afterallthecomponentsareremoved,clickFinish.
Ifyouseeapromptthatsuggestsyourebootyourserver,dosonowtoallow
VMwareServertocompletetheuninstallationcorrectly.
DonotusethismethodtoremoveVMwareServer.Useittoremoveonlythe
VMwareScriptingAPIsortheVMwareManagementInterface.
OnaWindowsServer2003host,chooseStart>Settings>ControlPanel>Addor
RemovePrograms.SelecttheVMwareServerInstallerandclickChange.
OnaWindows2000host,chooseStart>Settings>ControlPanel>Add/Remove
Programs.SelecttheVMwareServerInstallerandclickChange.
56
Afterthemasterinstallerlaunches,clickNext.TheProgramMaintenancescreen
appears.
SelectModify,andclickNext.TheCustomSetupscreenappears.
Clickthearrowtoopenthemenunexttothecomponentyouwanttoremove,
selectThisfeaturewillnotbeinstalled,andclickNext.
Whenyouarereadytobeginremovingthecomponent,clickInstall.
VMware, Inc.
Afterthecomponentisremoved,clickFinish.
ChooseStart>Settings>ControlPanel.
DoubleclickAdd/RemovePrograms(AddorRemoveProgramsonaWindows
Server2003host).
SelectVMwareServerConsole,andclickChange.
NOTE
IftheVMwareServerConsolewasinstalledonWindowsNT4.0,click
Add/Remove.
Awizardstarts.
4
ClickNext.
Inthenextscreen,selectRemove,andclickNext.
TostartremovingtheVMwareServerConsole,clickRemove.
AfterthewizardfinishesremovingtheVMwareServerConsole,clickFinish.
YoudonotneedtorebootthesystemafteryouremovetheVMwareServer
Console.
IfyouusedtheRPMinstallertoinstallVMwareServer,enterthefollowing
commandtoviewthenameofthepackagetouninstall:
rpm -qa | grep VM
IfyouusedtheRPMinstallertoinstallVMwareServer,removethesoftwarefrom
yoursystembyrunning:
rpm -e <VMware-server package name>
VMware, Inc.
57
IfyouusedthetarinstallertoinstallVMwareServer,removethesoftwarefrom
yoursystembyrunning:
vmware-uninstall.pl
NOTE
UninstallingtheserversoftwareremovestheVmPerlAPIandthe
ProgrammingAPIthatwereinstalledwithit.
TouninstalltheVMwareManagementInterfacecomponents,runtheprogram:
/usr/bin/vmware-uninstall-mui.pl
TouninstallaLinuxconsolethatwasinstalledfromanRPMpackage,type:
rpm -e VMware-server-console
TouninstallaLinuxconsolethatwasinstalledfromatarpackage,runthe
program:
/usr/bin/vmware-uninstall-server-console.pl
TouninstalltheVmPerlAPIthatwasinstalledonaremoteclientfromaclient
package,type:
/usr/bin/vmware-uninstall-api.pl
58
VMware, Inc.
ThischapterdescribeshowtomigratefromVMwareGSXServertoVMwareServeron
yourLinuxorMicrosoftWindowshostsystem.Italsodescribeshowtousevirtual
machinescreatedwithVMwareGSXServerandWorkstation5.x.Thischaptercovers
thefollowingtopics:
!
PreparingfortheMigrationonpage 59
MigratingtoVMwareServeronaWindowsHostonpage 62
MigratingtoVMwareServeronaLinuxHostonpage 63
UsingVirtualMachinesCreatedwithVMwareGSXServeronpage 64
UsingVirtualMachinesCreatedwithWorkstation5.xonpage 75
BeforeYouInstallVMwareServeronpage 59
WhenYouRemoveaVMwareProductandInstallVMwareServeronpage 62
VMware, Inc.
59
NOTE
Ifyouattempttoresumeavirtualmachinethatwassuspendedundera
differentVMwareproduct,amessageappears,givingyouthechoiceof
discardingorkeepingthefilethatstoresthesuspendedstate.Torecoverthe
suspendedstate,youmustclickPreserveandresumethevirtualmachine
underthecorrectVMwareproduct.IfyouclickDiscard,youcanpoweron
normally,butthesuspendedstateislost.
VMwareServerdoesnotsupportundoabledisks.
Resumeorpoweronthevirtualmachineintheearlierproduct.
Shutdowntheguestoperatingsystem.
Poweroffthevirtualmachineandeithercommitordiscardchangestothediskin
undoablemodewhenprompted.
Ifthedisksareinpersistentornonpersistentmode,besurethevirtualmachineis
completelyshutdown.Ifitissuspended,resumeit,shutdowntheguestoperating
systemandpoweroffthevirtualmachine.
60
VMware, Inc.
Resumeorpoweronthevirtualmachineintheearlierproduct.
Shutdowntheguestoperatingsystem.
Poweroffthevirtualmachineandeithercommitordiscardchangestoany
undoablemodediskswhenprompted.
OpentheConfigurationEditorandchangealldiskstopersistentmode.
AfteryouupgradetoVMwareServer,youcanusethesnapshotfeaturetopreserve
thestateofavirtualmachineandreturntothatstateatalatertime.
Ifyouneedtopreservespecialfunctionalitythatrequiresdisksinmultiplemodes,
reviewtheinformationathttp://vmware.com/
support/kb/enduser/std_adp.php?p_faqid=976beforeyouupgrade.
Youcanupgradethevirtualhardwareofthesevirtualmachinesforfull
compatibilitywithVMwareServer.Inthatcase,thevirtualmachinescannolonger
beusedunderVMwareGSXServer3.x.
Youcanchoosenottoupgradethevirtualhardware.Inthatcase,youcanrunthe
virtualmachinesunderbothVMwareGSXServer3andVMwareServer,butyou
donothavethebenefitsofthenewvirtualhardwareprovidedbyVMwareServer.
Othernewfeaturesarealsonotavailable.
TousevirtualmachinescreatedunderVMwareGSXServer2,youmustupgradethe
virtualhardware.Afteryouupgradethevirtualhardwareofmachinescreatedunder
VMwareGSXServer2,theyarenolongercompatiblewithVMwareGSXServer2.
VMware, Inc.
61
YoucanrunavirtualmachinecreatedwithVMwareWorkstation5.xona
VMwareServerhost,butyoucannotconnectremotelyfromaVMwareServer
hosttoahostrunninganyversionofVMwareWorkstation.
62
VMware, Inc.
UninstallVMwareGSXServeronyoursystem.
NOTE
Theuninstallermightoffertoremovelicensesfromyourregistry.Donot
removethelicenses.
Ifyouareprompted,rebootyourcomputer.
Installthelatestversion.
Ifyouareprompted,rebootyourcomputer.
Removing Versions 2 or 3
Touninstallversions2or3,usetheVMwareGSXServermasterinstaller.Youmust
keepyourexistinglicenseintheWindowsregistry.
Afteryoureboot,followtheinstructionsinInstallingVMwareServeronaWindows
Hostonpage 26.
Removing Version 1
TouninstallVMwareGSXServer1,useAdd/RemoveProgramsintheWindows
ControlPanel.BesuretouninstallVMwareGSXServer,theVMwareManagement
Interface,andtheRemoteConsole.
Afteryouremovethethreepackages,rebootyourhostandfollowtheinstructionsin
InstallingVMwareServeronaWindowsHostonpage 26.
NOTE
IfyouhaveVMwareWorkstation(oranyotherVMwareproduct)installedon
yourhostsystem,youmustremoveitbeforeyouinstallVMwareServer.See
theVMwareWorkstationproductdocumentationforinformationonhowto
removeWorkstation.
VMware, Inc.
63
Openaterminalandlogonastherootuser.
IfyouusedtheRPMinstallertoinstallVMwareGSXServer,removethesoftware
fromyoursystembyrunning:
rpm -e VMware-gsx
IfyouusedthetarinstallertoinstallVMwareServer,removethesoftwarefrom
yoursystembyrunning:
vmware-uninstall.pl
NOTE
!
UninstallingtheserversoftwareremovestheVmPerlAPIinstalledwithit.
TouninstalltheVMwareManagementInterfacecomponents,runtheprogram:
/usr/bin/vmware-uninstall-mui.pl
TouninstallaLinuxconsolethatwasinstalledfromanRPMpackage,type:
rpm -qa | grep -i vmtoquerythepackagename,andthentype:
rpm -e VMware-server-console
TouninstallaLinuxconsolethatwasinstalledfromatarpackage,runthe
program:
/usr/bin/vmware-uninstall-console.pl
TouninstalltheVmPerlAPIthatwasinstalledonaremoteclientfromaclient
package,type:
/usr/bin/vmware-uninstall-api.pl
64
CreatingEverythingNewfromtheStartonpage 65
UsingaLegacyVirtualMachineWithoutUpgradingVirtualHardwareon
page 65
UpgradingtheVirtualHardwareonaLegacyVirtualMachineonpage 65
UpgradingVirtualHardwareonpage 66
VMware, Inc.
TwowayVirtualSMP(experimental)
Supportfor64bitguestoperatingsystems
Theabilitytotakeandreverttosnapshotsinthebackground
NOTE
Youcannotreversetheprocessofupgradingthevirtualhardware.Virtual
MachinesupgradedtoVMwareServerareincompatiblewithVMwareGSX
Server.YoumustupgradeallvirtualmachinescreatedunderVMwareGSX
Server2tousewithVMwareServer.Itisrecommendedthatyoumakebackup
copiesofyourvirtualdisksbeforebeginningtheupgrade.
Startbyusinganexistingconfigurationfile(.vmx)andvirtualdisk(.vmdkor.dsk).
UpgradeVMwareToolstothenewversionbyfollowingtheinstructionsinInstalling
VMwareTools.YoudonotneedtoremovetheolderversionofVMwareToolsbefore
installingthenewversion.
VMware, Inc.
65
NOTE
WhenyouupdatethevirtualhardwareforaWindowsXPProfessionalor
WindowsServer2003virtualmachine,theMicrosoftproductactivation
featuremightrequireyoutoreactivatetheguestoperatingsystem.
ThevirtualhardwareupgradeisirreversibleTheprocessofupgradingthe
virtualhardwareisirreversibleandmakesthedisksattachedtothisvirtual
machineincompatiblewithVMwareGSXServer.Youshouldmakebackupcopies
ofyourvirtualdisksbeforestartingtheupgrade.
VMwareServerupdatestheCMOSIfyouareusingavirtualmachinecreated
withVMwareGSXServer3,thefirsttimeyoupoweronthevirtualmachinewith
VMwareServer,theCMOSisupdated.Asaresult,yourguestoperatingsystem
mightdetecthardwarechangesandinstallnewdriversforthenewhardwareeven
ifyoudonotchoosetoupgradethevirtualhardware.
AnerrormightappearwhenupgradingfromaphysicaldiskIfyouare
upgradingavirtualmachinethatrunsfromaphysicaldisk,ratherthanavirtual
disk,youmightseethefollowingerrormessagewhileVMwareServeris
upgradingthevirtualhardware:Unable to upgrade <drivename>. One of the
supplied parameters is invalid.YoucansafelyclickOKtocontinuethe
upgradeprocess.
Shutdowntheguestoperatingsystemandpoweroffthevirtualmachine.
UpgradethehostrunningGSX2or3toVMwareServer.
ChooseVM>UpgradeVirtualMachine.
Adialogboxappearswithawarningthattheupgradeprocesscannotbereversed.
66
ClickYestocontinue,andfollowtheonscreendirections.
PoweronthevirtualmachineinVMwareServer.
UpgradeVMwareToolstothenewversion.
VMware, Inc.
DonotremovetheolderversionofVMwareToolsbeforeinstallingthenew
version.
WhenyouupgradethevirtualhardwareonavirtualmachinecreatedusingVMware
GSXServer2,youmightthenneedtotakeseveralstepstobesurethatthenewvirtual
hardwareisrecognizedproperlybytheguestoperatingsystem.Ifyourguestoperating
systemislistedbelow,theinstructionsforthatguestoperatingsystemprovide
examplesofthestepsyoumightneedtotaketoperformtheseupdates.
TheseinstructionsdonotapplytoavirtualmachinecreatedusingVMwareGSXServer
3.
PoweronthevirtualmachineandletitupdatetheCMOS.
Windowsautomaticallyinstallsthesoftwareforanydevicesitdetects.
InstallthenewversionofVMwareTools.
ShutdowntheWindowsguestandpoweroffthevirtualmachine.
ChooseVM>UpgradeVirtualHardware.
Amessagecautionsyouthattheoperationisirreversibleandrecommendsthat
youbackupthevirtualdisksbeforeproceeding.
Tocontinue,clickYes.
Amessagedescribeswhatisabouttohappen.
ClickOKtocontinue.
Poweronthevirtualmachine.
WindowsdetectsthePCISVGAadapter,thenitdetectstheVMwareSVGAII
adapter.
ClickYestocontinuetheinstallation.
Amessageasksyoutoinsertadisk.
VMware, Inc.
Navigateto:C:\Program Files\VMware\driverstoinstalltheVMwareSVGAII
adapter.
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10
Ifyouhaveserialportsconfiguredinthevirtualmachine,gototheWindows
DeviceManageranduninstallalltheCOMportslistedthere.
11
Restartthevirtualmachine.
WindowsdetectstheCOMportsandinstallsthemproperly.
PoweronthevirtualmachineandletitupdatetheCMOS.
Windowsdisplaysamessageaboutthevideodriverintheguestoperatingsystem.
ClickOK.
InstallthenewversionofVMwareTools.
RestarttheWindowsguestandconfirmthatitisoperatingcorrectly.
ShutdowntheWindowsguestandpoweroffthevirtualmachine.
ChooseVM>UpgradeVirtualHardware.
Amessagecautionsyouthattheoperationisirreversibleandrecommendsthat
youbackupthevirtualdisksbeforeproceeding.
Tocontinue,clickYes.
Amessagedescribeswhatisabouttohappen.
ClickOKtocontinue.
Youcannowpoweronthevirtualmachineandusethenewconfiguration.
WindowsNTdoesnothaveaPlugandPlayprocess,sonoadditionalstepsare
required.
Windows XP Guest
Thefollowingstepsprovideexamplesofwhatyoumightseeasyourguestoperating
systemrecognizesthenewvirtualhardware.Thespecificstepsmayvarydependingon
theconfigurationofthevirtualmachine.
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PoweronthevirtualmachineandletitupdatetheCMOS.
InstallthenewversionofVMwareTools.
ShutdowntheWindowsguestandpoweroffthevirtualmachine.
ChooseVM>UpgradeVirtualHardware.
Amessagecautionsyouthattheoperationisirreversibleandrecommendsthat
youbackupthevirtualdisksbeforeproceeding.
Tocontinue,clickYes.
Amessagedescribeswhatisabouttohappen.
ClickOKtocontinue.
Poweronthevirtualmachine.
WindowsdetectstheVMwareSVGAadapter.
SelectInstallthesoftwareautomaticallyandfollowtheonscreeninstructions.
Amessageasksyoutoinsertadisk.
Navigateto:C:\Program Files\VMware\driverstoinstalltheVMwareSVGAII
adapter.
10
Ifyouhaveserialportsconfiguredinthevirtualmachine,gototheWindows
DeviceManageranduninstallalltheCOMportslistedthere.
11
Restartthevirtualmachine.
WindowsdetectstheCOMportsandinstallsthemproperly.
Windows Me Guest
Thefollowingstepsprovideexamplesofwhatyoumightseeasyourguestoperating
systemrecognizesthenewvirtualhardware.Thespecificstepsmayvarydependingon
theconfigurationofthevirtualmachine.
To ensure the virtual hardware is recognized by a Windows Me guest
1
PoweronthevirtualmachineandletitupdatetheCMOS.
PlugandPlaydetectsanIntel82371EBPowerManagementcontroller.
SelectAutomaticsearchandclickNext.
Windowsfindsandinstallsthedriverautomatically.
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PlugandPlaydetectsanIntel82443BXPentiumIIProcessortoPCIbridge.
3
SelectAutomaticsearchandclickNext.
Windowsfindsandinstallsthedriverautomatically.
Restarttheguestoperatingsystem.
PlugandPlaydetectsanIntel82371AB/EBPCIBusMasterIDEcontroller.
SelectAutomaticsearchandclickNext.
Windowsfindsandinstallthedriverautomatically.
InstallthenewversionofVMwareTools.
ShutdowntheWindowsguestandpoweroffthevirtualmachine.
ChooseVM>UpgradeVirtualHardware.
Amessagecautionsyouthattheoperationisirreversibleandrecommendsthat
youbackupthevirtualdisksbeforeproceeding.
Tocontinue,clickYes.
Amessagedescribeswhatisabouttohappen.
10
ClickOKtocontinue.
11
Poweronthevirtualmachine.
WindowsdetectsthePCIMultimediaAudiodeviceandinstallsthedriverforthe
CreativeAudioPCI.
WindowsdetectsanAMDPCNetadapter.
12
SelectAutomaticsearchandclickNext.
Windowsautomaticallyinstallsthedriverfortheadapter.
13
ClickFinishtorestartthevirtualmachine.
WindowsdetectsaCreativegameportdeviceandinstallsthedriver
automatically.
Windowsdetectsagameportjoystickandinstallsthedriver.
WindowsdetectsthePCISVGAadapter,whichitthenidentifiesastheVMware
SVGAIIadapterandinstallsthedriverautomatically.
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14
ClickYestorestartthevirtualmachine.
15
Ifyouhaveserialportsconfiguredinthevirtualmachine,gototheWindows
DeviceManageranduninstallalltheCOMportslistedthere.
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Restartthevirtualmachine.
WindowsdetectstheCOMportsandinstallsthemproperly.
Windows 98 Guest
Thefollowingstepsprovideexamplesofwhatyoumightseeasyourguestoperating
systemrecognizesthenewvirtualhardware.Thespecificstepsmayvarydependingon
theconfigurationofthevirtualmachine.
To ensure the virtual hardware is recognized by a Windows 98 guest
1
PoweronthevirtualmachineandletitupdatetheCMOS.
WindowsdetectsaPCItoISAbridge.
GotoC:\Windows\SystemandletWindowsselectthenecessarydriver.
WindowsdetectsanIntel82371EBPowerManagementController.
GotoC:\Windows\SystemandletWindowsselectthenecessaryfile.
Windowsdetectslpt.vxd.
GotoC:\Windows\SystemandletWindowsselectthenecessaryfile.
WindowsdetectsanIntel82443BXPentiumProcessortoPCIbridge.
GotoC:\Windows\SystemandletWindowsselectthenecessaryfile.
WindowsdetectsanIntel82371AB/EBPCIBusMasterIDEcontroller.
GotoC:\Windows\SystemandletWindowsselectthenecessaryfile.
Windowsasksforthefileuhcd.sys.
EnterthelocationC:\Windows\System32\drivers,andclickOK.
WindowsdetectsanIntel82371AB/EBPCItoUSBUniversalhostcontroller.
GotoC:\Windows\SystemandletWindowsselectthenecessaryfile.
WindowsdetectsanAMDPCNETFamilyEthernetAdapter.
GotoC:\Windows\SystemandletWindowsselectthenecessaryfile.
Windowsasksforthefileinetmib1.dll.
10
EnterthelocationC:\Windows,thenclickOK.
Windowsasksforthefilelocproxy.exe.
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EnterthelocationC:\Windows\System,thenclickOK.
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Windowsasksforthefilendishlp.sys.
12
EnterthelocationC:\Windows,thenclickOK.
Windowsasksforthefilewsock.vxd.
13
EnterthelocationC:\Windows\System,thenclickOK.
14
WhenyoufinishinstallingtheAMDFamilyEthernetAdapter,restartWindows
98.
PlugandPlaydetectsmultipledevicesandrestartsWindows98.
15
Afterthevirtualmachinerestarts,installthenewversionofVMwareTools.For
details,seeInstallingVMwareTools.
16
ShutdowntheWindowsguestandpoweroffthevirtualmachine.
17
ChooseVM>UpgradeVirtualHardware.
Amessagecautionsyouthattheoperationisirreversibleandrecommendsthat
youbackupthevirtualdisksbeforeproceeding.
18
Tocontinue,clickYes.
Amessagedescribeswhatisabouttohappen.
19
ClickOKtocontinue.
20
Poweronthevirtualmachine.
WhenWindowsboots,itdetectsthePCISVGAadapter.Later,itdetectsthe
VMwareSVGAIIadapterandinstallsthedriver.
WindowsdetectsPCIMultimediaAudioandofferstoinstalladriverforit.
21
ClickCancel.
WindowsdetectsanAMDPCNETFamilyEthernetadapter.
22
ClickNext.
23
SelectSearchforthebestdriverandclickNext.
24
SelectSpecifyalocation,andenterC:\Windows\System.ClickNext.
25
SelectTheupdateddriver(Recommended)AMDPCNETFamilyEthernet
Adapter(PCIISA).ClickNext.
Windowsfindsthe.inffilefortheadapter.
26
ClickNext.
Windowsasksforthefiledhcpsvc.dll.
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27
EnterthelocationC:\Windows\System,andclickOK.
Windowsasksforthefileinetmib1.dll.
28
EnterthelocationC:\Windows,andclickOK.
Windowsasksforthefilelocproxy.exe.
29
EnterthelocationC:\Windows\System,andclickOK.
Windowsasksforthefilendishlp.sys.
30
EnterthelocationC:\Windows,andclickOK.
31
Windowsasksforthefilewshtcp.vxd.EnterthelocationC:\Windows\System,then
clickOK.
AdialogboxindicatesthatWindowshasfinishedinstallingthesoftware.
32
ClickFinish.
33
Toinstallthesoundadapter,followthedirectionsinInstallingSoundDriversin
Windows9xandNTGuestOS.
34
Ifyouhaveserialportsconfiguredinthevirtualmachine,gototheWindows
DeviceManageranduninstallalltheCOMportslistedthere.
35
Restartthevirtualmachine.
WindowsdetectstheCOMportsandinstallsthemproperly.
Windows 95 Guest
Thefollowingstepsprovideexamplesofwhatyoumightseeasyourguestoperating
systemrecognizesthenewvirtualhardware.Thespecificstepsmayvarydependingon
theconfigurationofthevirtualmachine.
To ensure the virtual hardware is recognized by a Windows 95 guest
1
PoweronthevirtualmachineandletitupdatetheCMOS.
Windowsdetectsnewdevicesandautomaticallyinstallsthedrivers.
Restarttheguestoperatingsystemafterthisprocessiscomplete.
WhenWindowsrestarts,itdetectsmorenewdevices.
Windowsasksforthefilelpt.vxd.
EnterthelocationC:\Windows\System,thenclickOK.
WindowsdetectsaPCIstandardhostbridgeandotherdevices.
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ClickOKtodismissthesemessages.Youdonotneedtoinstallthesedrivers.
ClickFinish.
InstallthenewversionofVMwareTools.Fordetails,seeInstallingVMware
Tools.
ShutdowntheWindowsguestandpoweroffthevirtualmachine.
ChooseVM>UpgradeVirtualHardware.
Amessagecautionsyouthattheoperationisirreversibleandrecommendsthat
youbackupthevirtualdisksbeforeproceeding.
Tocontinue,clickYes.
Amessagedescribeswhatisabouttohappen.
10
ClickOKtocontinue.
WindowsdetectsaPCIMultimediaAudiodevice.
11
ClickCancel.
WindowsdetectsaPCIEthernetadapter,thentheAMDEthernetadapter.
Windowsautomaticallyinstallsthedriver.
12
Toinstallthesoundadapter,followthedirectionsinInstallingSoundDriversin
Windows9xandNTGuestOS.
13
Ifyouhaveserialportsconfiguredinthevirtualmachine,gototheWindows
DeviceManageranduninstallalltheCOMportslistedthere.
14
Restartthevirtualmachine.
WindowsdetectstheCOMportsandinstallsthemproperly.
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PoweronthevirtualmachineandletitupdatetheCMOS.
WhenKudzuappears,followtheinstructionstodetectnewhardwareandinstall
theproperdrivers.
ShutdowntheLinuxguestandpoweroffthevirtualmachine.
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ChooseVM>UpgradeVirtualHardware.
Amessagecautionsyouthattheoperationisirreversibleandrecommendsthat
youbackupthevirtualdisksbeforeproceeding.
Tocontinue,clickYes.
Amessagedescribeswhatisabouttohappen.
ClickOKtocontinue.
Poweronthevirtualmachine.
WhenKudzuruns,itdetectsanEnsoniq:ES1371[AudioPCI97]sounddevice.
ClickConfigure.
NOTE
WhenusingKudzuinaMandrakeLinuxguest,donotmigratethe
existingnetworkconfiguration.Ifyoutrytodoso,youseeablankscreen.
Instead,clickNowhenaskedifyouwanttomigratetheexistingnetwork
configuration.
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ThischapterdescribeshowtomanageyourvirtualmachinesandtheVMwareServer
hostandcoversthefollowingtopics:
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RemotelyManagingVirtualMachinesonpage 77
SecuringVirtualMachinesandtheHostonpage 82
IdentifyingaVirtualMachinebyItsUUIDonpage 92
LoggingVMwareServerEventsonWindowsonpage 94
BackingUpVirtualMachinesandtheVMwareServerHostonpage 95
UsingtheVMwareManagementInterfaceonpage 97
DeletingVirtualMachinesonpage 111
ConfiguringtheVMwareServerHostonpage 112
UsingVirtualCentertoManageVirtualMachinesonpage 131
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fromaWindowsremotemachine,youcanusetheVmCOM,theVmPerlAPI,andthe
ProgrammingAPI.IfyouareconnectingtoaVMwareServerhostfromaLinuxremote
machine,youcanusetheVmPerlAPIandtheProgrammingAPI.
Anotherautomatedwaytomanagevirtualmachinesistousethevmware-cmdutility.
Formoreinformation,visittheVMwareWebsiteat
www.vmware.com/support/developer.
Finally,youcanusethirdpartytoolstoremotelymanageyourvirtualmachines.You
canuseapplicationslikeVNCViewer,WindowsTerminalServices,orWindowsXP
RemoteDesktop.ToviewavirtualmachinewithVNCViewer,youmustmodifythe
virtualmachinesconfigurationmanually.
Thefollowingsectionsfurtherexploreremotelymanagingvirtualmachines:
!
ChangingthePortNumberforVMwareServerConsoleConnectionsonpage 78
DownloadingtheVMwareServerConsoleonpage 81
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Dependinguponyoursitesneedsorconfiguration,forexampleifyouhavemultiple
VMwareServerhostsandtheyusedifferentports,thenthismightbeacceptable.
However,settingauthd.client.porttothesameportnumberyouuseforauthd.port
allowsforseamlessintegrationbetweentheserverandtheclient.Italsoletsyouavoid
manuallyenteringtheportnumbereverytimeyouconnecttotheserverwithaclient.
To change the port number on a Windows host or client
Addthefollowinglinetoconfig.iniinC:\Documents and Settings\All
Users\Application Data\VMware\VMware Server:
authd.port = <portNumber>
where<portNumber>istheportnumberthatallclientsconnectingtovirtualmachines
onthishostmustuse.
TochangetheportnumberthatisusedbytheconsoleinstalledonaWindowsmachine,
youmustcreateafilecalledconfig.iniandplaceitinC:\Documents and Settings\All
Users\Application Data\VMware\VMware Server Console.Inthisfile,addthe
followingline:
authd.client.port = <portNumber>
where<portNumber>isthedefaultportnumberthatallclientsonthismachine
connectingtovirtualmachinesontheVMwareServerhostmustuse.TheVMware
Serverhostmusthavethisportnumbersettotheauthd.portvariableinitsconfig.ini
file(Windowshost)orvmware-authdfile(Linuxhost).
TochangetheportnumberforaspecificuserwhoisusingtheVMwareServerConsole
installedonaWindowshost,addthefollowinglinetothepreferences.inifilelocated
inC:\Documents and Settings\<user>\Application Data\VMware:
authd.client.port = <portNumber>
where<portNumber>istheportnumbertouseonlywhenthisuserisloggedonand
usingaVMwareServerConsoletoconnecttoavirtualmachineontheVMwareServer
host.
TheVMwareServerhostmusthavethisportnumbersettotheauthd.portvariablein
itsconfig.inifile(Windowshost)orvmware-authdfile(Linuxhost).
To change the port number on a Linux host or client
Determinewhetheryourhostisconfiguredtousexinetdorinetd.
Ifyourhostisconfiguredtousexinetd,lookforthefollowinglinein
/etc/xinetd.d/vmware-authd:
port = 902
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Changetheportnumber902inthiscasetothedesirednumber.
Ifyourhostisconfiguredtouseinetd,lookforthefollowinglinein/etc/inetd.conf:
902 vmware-authd
Changetheportnumber902inthiscasetothedesirednumber.Allclientsconnecting
tovirtualmachinesonthishostmustusethisportnumber.
TochangetheportnumberusedbytheVMwareServerConsoleinstalledonaLinux
hostorclient,addthefollowinglinetoeither/etc/vmware-server-console/configor
/usr/lib/vmware-server-console/config:
authd.client.port = <portNumber>
where<portNumber>istheportnumberthatallclientsonthismachineconnectingto
virtualmachinesontheVMwareServerhostmustuse.TheVMwareServerhostmust
havethisportnumbersettotheauthd.portvariableinitsconfig.inifile(Windows
host)orvmware-authdfile(Linuxhost).
NOTE
Iftheportnumbersspecifiedinthesefilesaredifferent,theportnumber
specifiedin/etc/vmware-server-console/configtakesprecedence.
TochangetheportnumberforaspecificuserwhoisusingtheVMwareServerConsole
installedonaLinuxhost,addthefollowinglineto~/.vmware/preferences:
authd.client.port = <portNumber>
where<portNumber>istheportnumbertouseonlywhenthisuserisloggedonand
usingaVMwareServerConsoletoconnecttoavirtualmachineontheVMwareServer
host.
TheVMwareServerhostmusthavethisportnumbersettotheauthd.portvariablein
itsconfig.inifile(Windowshost)orvmware-authdfile(Linuxhost).
Whenthisuserisloggedon,theportnumberspecifiedin~/.vmware/preferences
supersedestheportnumberspecifiedin/etc/vmware-server-console/configor
/usr/lib/vmware-server-console/config.
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Ifyouspecify0astheportnumber,theconsoleconnectswiththeportnumberspecified
byauthd.client.portinstead.Ifauthd.client.portisnotspecified,theconsole
connectswiththedefaultport902.
FormoreinformationabouttheVMwareScriptingAPIs,visittheVMwareWebsiteat
www.vmware.com/support/developer.
DonotinstalltheVMwareServerConsolefromtheclientinstaller
packageontoahostwhereVMwareServerisinstalled.Donotdownload
andinstallaconsolefromVMwareGSXServerorVMwareESXServer
ontoanyclient.
To download and install a VMware Server Console package from the Login or
Status Monitor page
1
ConnecttotheVMwareServerhostwiththeVMwareManagementInterface.
Forinformationonconnectingtothemanagementinterface,seeLoggingOnto
theVMwareManagementInterfaceonpage 99.
OntheStatusMonitorpage,downloadtheinstallerbyclickingthelinkforthe
packageappropriatetotheoperatingsystemonwhichtheVMwareServer
Consoleistobeinstalled.
OntheLoginpage,selecttheinstallerappropriatetotheoperatingsystemofthe
computerwhereyouareinstallingtheVMwareServerConsole,andclick
Download.
IfyouareinstallingtheVMwareServerConsoleonaLinuxhost,youcanfurther
choosebetweentarandRPMinstallationpackages.
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Runtheinstallationpackage.
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ToinstalltheconsoleonaWindowssystem,seeInstallingtheVMware
ServerConsoleonaWindowsHostonpage 49.
ToinstalltheconsoleonaLinuxsystem,seeInstallingtheVMwareServer
ConsoleonaLinuxHostonpage 50.
VMware-server-win32-client-<xxxx>.zip
VMware-server-linux-client-<xxxx>.zip
YoucanexpandthesearchivesandplacetheAPIinstallerfilesinareadilyavailable
area.ThenmodifythedownloadmenuontheLoginpagetopointtothem.
Youcanaddmorefilestothedownloadmenu,hideitemsalreadylistedandevenhide
thelinkorthemenuitself.ClickHelpontheLoginpageandfollowtheinstructions
there.
OnaWindowshostwiththeVMwareManagementInterfaceinstalled,youcanfindthe
installersfortheconsoleandscriptingAPIsinC:\Program Files\VMware\VMware
Management Interface\htdocs\vmware\bin.Thisfoldercontains:
!
VMware-server-console-<xxxx>.exeTheinstallerfortheVMwareServer
ConsoletorunonWindowsclients.
VMware-server-console-<xxxx>.i386.rpmTheRPMinstallerfortheVMware
ServerConsoletorunonLinuxclients.
VMware-server-console-<xxxx>.tar.gzThetarinstallerfortheVMwareServer
ConsoletorunonLinuxclients.
VMware-VmCOMAPI-<xxxx>.exeTheinstallerfortheVmCOMAPIforWindows
hostsonly.
VMware-VmPERLAPI-<xxxx>.exeTheinstallerfortheVmPerlAPIforWindows
hosts.
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UnderstandingPermissionsandVirtualMachinesonpage 83
AuthenticatingUsersandRunningVirtualMachinesforaWindowsHoston
page 85
AuthenticatingUsersandRunningVirtualMachinesforaLinuxHostonpage 88
CheckingPermissionsintheVMwareManagementInterfaceonpage 90
SecuringYourRemoteSessionsonpage 90
TheVMwareknowledgebasehasanarticleaboutbestpracticestoimprovesecurityfor
theVMwareServerhostandvirtualmachines.Forinformation,see
http://www.vmware.com/support/kb/enduser/std_adp.php?&p_faqid=1042.
Browsingvirtualmachines.
Interactingwithvirtualmachines.
Configuringvirtualmachines.
Administeringvirtualmachinesandthehost.
IfthevirtualmachineisonaWindowshost,permissionsonmorevirtualmachinefiles
mightbeneeded,dependingupontheuseraccountthevirtualmachineuseswhile
running.Forinformation,seeAuthenticatingUsersandRunningVirtualMachinesfor
aWindowsHostonpage 85.
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YourusernameappearsintheVMwareManagementInterfaceandintheConnected
Usersdialogbox,whichyouaccessintheVMwareServerConsolebychoosingVM>
ConnectedUsers.
Tointeractwithavirtualmachine,youmusthaveRead&Executepermissionforthe
virtualmachinesconfigurationfileonaWindowshost,orreadandexecute(randx)
permissionsonaLinuxhost.
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Whenavirtualmachineisprivate,itappearsintheinventoryoftheconsoleoftheuser
whocreatedit.Thevirtualmachinedoesnotappearintheinventoryofconsolesfor
otherusersconnectedtothehost.ThevirtualmachineappearsintheVMware
ManagementInterfaceonlywhenyouareloggedonwiththeaccountthatcreatedthe
virtualmachine.
Otheruserscannotbrowsetothevirtualmachineandaddittotheinventory.
Ifthevirtualmachineismadeprivateafterithasbeencreated,itdisappearsfromother
usersinventories.
To specify whether a virtual machine is private
1
SelectthevirtualmachineinaconsoleandchooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditorappears.
ClicktheOptionstab,andclickPermissions.
Tomakethevirtualmachineprivate,selectMakethisvirtualmachineprivate.
Toallowalluserstoseeandusethisvirtualmachine,deselectthecheckbox.
ClickOKtosaveyoursettingsandclosethevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
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Afteryouareauthenticated,theconsolestartsorthemanagementinterfacesStatus
Monitorpageappears.Accesstoavirtualmachineisbasedonyourpermissions.See
UnderstandingPermissionsandVirtualMachinesonpage 83.
Eachvirtualmachinerunsasoneofthefollowingthreeuseraccounts:
!
TheuserwhopowersonthevirtualmachineThevirtualmachinerunsasthe
accountoftheuserwhopoweredonthevirtualmachineuntilthevirtualmachine
ispoweredoff.Otheruserscanconnecttothevirtualmachinebutitstillrunsas
theuserwhopoweredonthevirtualmachine.
ThelocalsystemaccountThevirtualmachinerunsasthelocalsystemaccount.
Youcanenablethisoptiononlyifyouareloggedontothehostoperatingsystem
asanAdministrator.
AspecificuseraccountThevirtualmachinerunsastheuseraccountspecified
intheNewVirtualMachineWizardorthevirtualmachinesettingseditor.This
accountmustbeabletoaccesstheVMwareServerhost.
Theuseraccountisspecifiedwhenyoucreatethevirtualmachineandyoucanchange
itinthevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
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Locatetheconfigurationfileonthehostsystem.Rightclicktheconfigurationfile
andselectProperties.
ThePropertiesdialogboxappears.
ClicktheSecuritytab.
NOTE
VMware, Inc.
IfthevirtualmachineisstoredonaWindowsXPclientsystemandis
configuredtouseWorkgroupmode,theSecuritytabishiddenbydefault.
Toshowthetab,ontheWindowsXPsystem,chooseStart>Control
Panel>FolderOptions,clickAdvanced,andcleartheSimpleFile
Sharingcheckbox.
InthePropertiesdialogbox,selecteachuserorgroupandselecttheappropriate
permission,typicallyRead.
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Ifyouwanttolimitaccesstothevirtualmachine,cleartheAllowinheritable
permissionsfromparenttopropagatetothisobjectcheckbox.
4
Tospecifythatauserorgroupthatshouldnothaveaccesstotheconfigurationfile,
eitherclickRemoveorcheckallpermissionsintheDenycolumntodenyall
permissionstothatuserorgroup.
Toaddmoreusersorgroups,clickAdd.
TheSelectUsers,ComputersandGroupsdialogboxappears.
Inthedialogbox,selectthegroupsorusersthatyouwanttoaccessthevirtual
machine,thenclickAdd.
Afteryoufinishaddingtheusersorgroups,clickOK.
TheusersandgroupsareaddedwithdefaultReadandWritepermissions.
InthePropertiesdialogbox,changethetypeofaccessfortheuserorgrouptothe
configurationfile.ChooseeitherReadorRead&ExecuteandWrite.
ClickOKtosetthepermissionstotheconfigurationfile.
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NOTE
Ifyouhavefullpermissionsonaconfigurationfilebutdonothaveexecute
permissiontothedirectoryinwhichtheconfigurationfileresidesoranyofits
parentdirectories,thenyoucannotconnecttothevirtualmachinewitha
VMwareServerConsoleoraVMwareScriptingAPI.Furthermore,youcannot
seethevirtualmachineintheVMwareManagementInterfaceorinthe
VMwareServerConsole.Norcanyoudeleteanyfilesinthevirtualmachines
directory.
Virtualmachinesandtheirresources,suchasvirtualdisks,physicaldisks,devicesand
snapshotfiles,shouldbelocatedinareasaccessibletotheirusers.
Ifavmwareprocessisnotrunningforthisconfigurationfile,vmware-authdcheckstosee
ifthisvirtualmachineisintheinventory.Ifthevirtualmachineisintheinventory,
vmware-authdbecomestheowneroftheconfigurationfile(notnecessarilytheuserthat
iscurrentlyauthenticated)andstartstheconsolewiththisconfigurationfileasan
argument(forexample,vmware /<path_to_config>/<configfile>.vmx).
Thevmware-authdprocessexitsassoonasaconnectionisestablishedtoavmware
processandatleastoneuserhasconnected.Eachvmwareprocessshutsdown
automaticallyafterthelastuserdisconnects.
Default Permissions
WhenyoucreateavirtualmachinewithVMwareServeronaLinuxhost,its
configurationfileisassignedthefollowingdefaultpermissions,basedontheuser
accessingit:
!
Read,executeandwrite(7)Fortheuserwhocreatedtheconfigurationfile(the
owner).
Readandexecute(5)Fortheprimarygrouptowhichtheownerbelongs.
Read(4)Forusersotherthantheowneroramemberoftheownersgroup.
WhenyoufirstinstalltheVMwareServersoftwareandruntheconfigurationprogram
vmware-config.pl,youcansetthesepermissionsforanyexistingvirtualmachine
configurationfiles.
Ifyouplantouseavirtualmachineanditsconfigurationfileyoucreatedinother
VMwareproductswithVMwareServer,youmustopentheconfigurationfile(choose
File>Open)toconnecttothevirtualmachinefromtheVMwareServerConsoleorthe
VMwareManagementInterface.Thensetthedefaultpermissionsasabove.
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automaticallyredirectsuserstothisURLiftheyusetheinsecureURL
(http://<hostname>:8222)toconnect.Alockiconappearsinthestatusbarofthe
browserwindow.
IfyoudisableSSL,usersareautomaticallyredirectedtohttp://<hostname>:8222if
theyusehttps://<hostname>:8333toconnecttothemanagementinterface.
NOTE
IfSSLisdisabledandthenenabledagain,anynewmanagementinterface
connectionstothenonsecureport(8222)arenotredirected.
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Ifyoumovedthisvirtualmachine,youcanchoosetokeeptheUUID.SelectKeep,then
clickOKtocontinuepoweringonthevirtualmachine.
Ifyoucopiedthisvirtualmachinetoanewlocation,youshouldcreateanewUUID,
sincethecopyofthevirtualmachineisusingthesameUUIDastheoriginalvirtual
machine.SelectCreate,thenclickOKtocontinuepoweringonthevirtualmachine.
Iftheoriginalvirtualmachineisbeingusedasatemplateformorevirtualmachines,
youcanchoosetocreateanewUUIDthefirsttimeyoupoweroneachcopy.Afteryou
configurethevirtualmachineandarereadytomakeitatemplate,moveittoanew
locationandpoweriton.Whenthemessageappearsafteryoupoweron,selectAlways
Create,thenclickOKtocontinuepoweringonthevirtualmachine.Thevirtual
machineissetuptocreateanewUUIDeverytimeitismoved.Poweroffthevirtual
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machineandbeginusingitasatemplatebycopyingthevirtualmachinefilestoother
locations.
Ifyouintendtomovethevirtualmachinenumeroustimes,andwanttokeepthesame
UUIDeachtimethevirtualmachinemoves,thenselectAlwaysKeepandclickOKto
continuepoweringonthevirtualmachine.
NOTE
IfyouwanttochangetheAlwaysKeeporAlwaysCreatesetting,poweroff
thevirtualmachineandedititsconfigurationfile(.vmx).Deletethelinethat
contains
uuid.action = "create"
or
uuid.action = "keep"
Suspendingandresumingavirtualmachinedoesnottriggertheprocessthatgenerates
aUUID.Thus,theUUIDinuseatthetimethevirtualmachinewassuspendedremains
inusewhenthevirtualmachineisresumed,evenifithasbeencopiedormoved.
However,thenexttimethevirtualmachineisrebooted,themessageappears,soyou
canchoosetocreateanewUUIDorkeeptheexistingone.
OverridetheautomaticallygeneratedUUIDvalue.
Poweroffthevirtualmachineandedititsconfigurationfile(.vmx)tosetthevalue
oftheUUIDparameter.
Useatexteditortoedittheconfigurationfile.Theformatforthelineis:
uuid.bios = <uuidvalue>
TheUUIDvaluemustbesurroundedbyquotationmarks.Asampleconfiguration
linelookslike:
uuid.bios = "00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77-88 99 aa bb cc dd ee ff"
Afteraddingthislinetotheconfigurationfile,poweronthevirtualmachine.
ThenewUUIDisusedwhenthevirtualmachineboots.
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Anychangestoavirtualmachinespowerstate.Whenavirtualmachineis
poweredonoroff,suspendedorresumed,anentryisloggedintheEventViewer.
Theadditionorremovalofvirtualmachinesfromtheinventory.
ThedeletionofavirtualmachinefromtheVMwareServersystem.
AnymessagesandwarningsgeneratedbyVMwareServerandtheresponsesto
thesemessagesandwarnings.WheneverVMwareServergeneratesamessageora
warningprompttowhichtheusermustrespond,themessageorwarningandthe
usersresponseareloggedintheEventViewer.Amessageorawarningisany
dialogboxthatVMwareServergeneratesintheapplicationthatisnotahint.
ToaccesstheEventViewer,chooseStart>AdministrativeTools>EventViewer.
SelecttheApplicationlogtoviewVMwareServerevents.
Modifytheinformationthatgetsloggedforaparticularmachineorforallvirtual
machines.
Thetwooptionsyoucanmodifyinclude:
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eventlog.win.message=FALSEthissettingpreventstheloggingofalldialog
boxandmessageeventsthatappearinVMwareServer.
eventlog.win.register=FALSEthissettingpreventstheloggingofpower
statechangeeventsandloggingofwhenavirtualmachineisaddedtoor
removedfromtheinventory.
Tomodifywhatgetsloggedforavirtualmachine,addeitherorbothoftheoptions
tothevirtualmachinesconfiguration(.vmx)file.
Tomodifywhatgetsloggedforallvirtualmachinesonahost,addeitherorboth
oftheoptionstotheVMware Serverconfig.inifile,locatedbydefaultin
C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data\VMware\VMware
Server.
UsingaBackupAgentintheVirtualMachineonpage 95
UsingaBackupAgentRunningontheHostOperatingSystemonpage 96
BackingUptheVMwareServerHostonpage 96
ConsiderationsforBackingUpVirtualMachinesonpage 97
BrightStorARCserveBackupversion9.0(build1868)
VeritasBackupExec9,ServicePack1
ThetapedrivemustbeconfiguredasagenericSCSIdevice.Toaddthedrivetoavirtual
machine,seeAddingaGenericSCSIDevicetoaVirtualMachine.
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NOTE
IfthevirtualmachinehasaWindowsguestoperatingsysteminstalledandis
configuredtousetheBusLogicSCSIadapter,youmustusetheVMware
BusLogicdriver,availablefromtheVMwareWebsiteat
http://www.vmware.com/download.
Addthefollowinglinetoyoursuspendbatchfile:
vmware-cmd <path_to_config>\<config>.vmx suspend
Oncethevirtualmachineissuspended,youcansafelybackupthisvirtual
machinesdirectoryusingthebackupagentinstalledontheVMwareServerhost.
Afterthebackupjobcompletes,runaresumebatchjobtorestartthevirtual
machine.
Thebatchfileshouldcontainthefollowingline:
vmware-cmd <path_to_config>\<config>.vmx start
Thiscommandresumesthevirtualmachineintoanactive,runningstate.
IfyouwanttorestoreavirtualmachinetoaserverotherthantheVMwareServer
hostwhereitwasoriginallylocated,shutdownthevirtualmachine.Insteadof
usingthesuspendbatchfile,useonethatpowersoffthevirtualmachine.
vmware-cmd <path_to_config>\<config>.vmx stop
Thesuspend,stop,andresumecommandscanbeusedinpreandpostjobscripts
thatarenormallyavailableviathebackupsoftwarebeingused.Backupsoftware
suchasVeritasBackupExechasthecapabilitytorunpreandpostbatchjobswith
scheduledbackups.
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host,andbackupthehostandallvirtualmachinedirectories.However,restoringa
virtualmachinedirectoryfromsuchabackupreturnsyoutothatpointintime;you
cannotrestoreindividualfilesinthevirtualmachine.
MonitorthestateofvirtualmachinesandtheVMwareServerhostonwhichthey
arerunning.
Control(poweron,suspend,resume,resetandpoweroff)thevirtualmachineson
thathost.
ConnecttheVMwareServerConsoletoagivenvirtualmachine,forhandson
management.
Viewdetailsabouteachvirtualmachine,includingsystemsummary,hardware
information,anyconnectedusersandalogofrecentevents.
SecureconsoleandmanagementinterfacesessionswithSSL(administratorand
rootusersonly).
Answerquestionsandacknowledgemessagesposedbythevirtualmachine.
TomanageavirtualmachinefromtheVMwareManagementInterface,ausermust
haveatleastreadpermissionforthatvirtualmachinesconfigurationfile.Formore
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informationaboutpermissionsandVMwareServer,seeUnderstandingPermissions
andVirtualMachinesonpage 83.
ToproperlyviewtheVMwareManagementInterface,ensurethatstylesheetsare
enabledinyourbrowser,regardlessofwhichbrowserandversionyouareusing.
NOTE
ToruntheVMwareManagementInterfaceinInternetExplorer6.0ona
WindowsServer2003system,whethertheVMwareServerhostisinstalledon
WindowsServer2003oraWindowsServer2003clientmachinethatconnects
toaVMwareServerhost,youneedtofollowsomespecialconfigurationsteps
inordertousethemanagementinterface.Formoreinformation,see
ConfiguringWebBrowsersforUsewithVMwareServeronpage 46.
TheVMwareManagementInterfacestartswithaLoginpage,whereyouenteryour
usernameandpasswordtologon.TheLoginpagecontainslinksfordownloadingthe
VMwareServerConsoleforWindowsandLinuxhosts.Formoreinformation,see
DownloadingtheVMwareServerConsoleonpage 81.
Afteryourusernameandpasswordareauthorizedbythemanagementinterface,the
StatusMonitorpageappears.TheStatusMonitorpagecontainshighleveldetailsabout
allthevirtualmachinesonthehostservertowhichyouareconnected.TheStatus
Monitorpagelinkstoadetailedsetofpagesspecifictoeachvirtualmachine,whereyou
findinformationaboutvirtualdevices,configurationoptions,andasummaryofrecent
events.Inaddition,youcancreateanddeletevirtualmachinesfromyourbrowser.
Thesepagesrefreshorreloadautomaticallyevery90seconds.Youmightwantto
refreshorreloadthesepagesmanuallybeforeyouperformanoperationlike
suspending,resuming,orpoweringonoroffavirtualmachinefromtheVMware
ManagementInterfaceorafteryouperformapoweroperationinaconsole.Another
usermighthaveperformedthesameoraconflictingoperationrightbeforeyou.To
refreshthepage,clickRefreshatthetopofapage.
Thissectionincludesthefollowingtopics:
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SettingtheSessionLengthfortheVMwareManagementInterfaceonpage 99
LoggingOntotheVMwareManagementInterfaceonpage 99
UsingtheStatusMonitoronpage 101
ConfiguringaVirtualMachineonpage 105
TheApacheServerandtheVMwareManagementInterfaceonpage 111
LoggingOfftheVMwareManagementInterfaceonpage 111
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YoumustknowthehostnameorIPaddressoftheserveryouwanttomanage.
Youmusthaveavalidusernameandpasswordonthatserver.
Youcanconnecttotheserverwithuptoeightmanagementinterfacesessionsata
time.TheURLtoconnecttotheserverishttps://<hostname>:8333.
IfyouareconnectingtotheVMwareManagementInterfacefromabrowseronthe
hostmachine,youcanuselocalhostasthe<hostname>.
IfyoudisabledSSLforyourmanagementinterfacesessions,theURLtoconnectto
theserverishttp://<hostname>:8222.
Formoreinformation,seeSecuringYourRemoteSessionsonpage 90.Usersare
automaticallyredirectedtohttp://<hostname>:8222iftheyuse
https://<hostname>:8333toconnecttothemanagementinterface.
NOTE
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IfyouareusingNetscapeNavigatororMozilla,checktheadvanced
preferences(Edit>Preferences>Advanced)tobesureJavaScriptandstyle
sheetsarebothenabled.
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EntertheURL.
TheLoginpageappears.
TheLoginpagecontainsfieldsforyourusernameandpassword.
ItalsocontainsamenusoyoucandownloadinstallationpackagesfortheVMware
ServerConsole.Todownloadapackage,seeDownloadingtheVMwareServer
Consoleonpage 81.
2
OntheLoginpage,enteryourusernameandpasswordforthehostmachine,and
clickLogIn.
TheStatusMonitorpageappears.ForinformationabouttheStatusMonitorpage,
seeUsingtheStatusMonitoronpage 101.
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ThenumberofprocessorsontheVMwareServerhost,includingtheaverage
percentageofprocessorpowerusedbyvirtualmachines,otherprocessesonthe
host,andthetotalbeingusedbythewholesystemforthepreviousminute.
TheamountofmemoryontheVMwareServerhost,includingtheaverageamount
ofmemoryusedbyvirtualmachines,otherprocessesonthehost,andthetotal
beingusedbythewholesystemforthepreviousminute.
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Activitiesyoucanperforminclude:
!
ConnectingtoaVirtualMachinewiththeVMwareServerConsoleonpage 103
MonitoringtheVirtualMachinesHeartbeatonpage 104
ViewingInformationaboutaVirtualMachineonpage 104
DownloadingtheVMwareServerConsoleonpage 81(LoginandStatus
Monitorpages)
AttachConsoleLaunchestheVMwareServerConsole,whichconnectstothis
virtualmachine.Selectingthisoptionisthesameasclicking .Youneedtologon
tothehost.Formoreinformation,seeConnectingtoaVirtualMachinefroma
WindowsHostorClientandConnectingtoaVirtualMachinefromaLinuxHost
orClient.
NOTE
102
NetscapeandMozillausersmustdefineaMIMEtypebeforeinstalling
theVMwareServerConsole.InternetExplorerisautomatically
configuredwhentheVMwareServerConsoleisinstalled.For
information,seeSettingMIMETypetoLaunchtheVMwareServer
Consoleonpage 128.
PropertiesOpenstheVirtualMachineOverviewpageforthisvirtualmachinein
anewbrowserwindow.Selectingthisoptionisthesameasclickingthevirtual
machinenamelinkintheDisplayNamecolumn.
ConfigureOptionsOpenstheOptionspage,whereyoucaneditavirtual
machinesconfiguration,suchastheguestoperatingsystemtype,displayname,
thelocationofthesuspendedstatefileandthestartupandshutdownoptions.
Withtheexceptionofthedisplayname,youcanedittheseoptionsonlywhenthe
virtualmachineispoweredoff.
ShutDownGuestRunsthescriptassociatedwiththispowerstatechange,shuts
downtheguestoperatingsystem,andpowersoffthevirtualmachine.Selecting
thisoptionisthesameasclicking inthepowerstatepopupmenu.
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SuspendafterRunningScriptRunstheassociatedscriptandsuspendsa
runningvirtualmachine.Selectingthisoptionisthesameasclicking inthe
powerstatepopupmenu.
PowerOn/ResumeandRunScriptPowersonastoppedvirtualmachineor
resumesasuspendedvirtualmachine,andrunsthescriptassociatedwiththis
powerstatechange.Selectingthisoptionisthesameasclicking inthepower
statepopupmenu.
RestartGuestGracefullyrestartstheguestoperatingsystemandthevirtual
machine.Selectingthisoptionisthesameasclicking
menu.
inthepowerstatepopup
PowerOffPowersoffthevirtualmachineimmediatelywithoutrunningascript
orshuttingdowntheguestoperatingsystem.Selectingthisoptionisthesameas
turningoffthepowertoaphysicalcomputer.
SuspendSuspendsapoweredonvirtualmachinewithoutrunningascript.
PowerOn/ResumePowersonastoppedvirtualmachineorresumesa
suspendedvirtualmachinewithoutrunningascript.
ResetResetsthevirtualmachineimmediatelywithoutrunningascriptor
stoppingtheguestoperatingsystem.Selectingthisoptionisthesameaspressing
theresetbuttononaphysicalcomputer.
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indicatesanotherguestoperatingsystem,suchasMSDOS.
indicatesaSunSolarisoperatingsystem.
IfVMwareToolsisnotinstalledorisnotrunning,theguestoperatingsystem
doesnotsendanyheartbeatstoitsvirtualmachineandthismeterisdisabled.
ThelinkintheDisplayNamecolumnindicatesthedisplaynameforthevirtual
machine.Ifoneisnotspecified,thepathtotheconfigurationfileforthevirtual
machineappearshereinstead.Thiscolumnalsocontainsthevirtualmachines
powerstate,itsprocessID,anditsvirtualmachineID(ifitisrunning)Italsonotes
ifVMwareToolsisnotinstalled.
Ifthevirtualmachineiswaitingforaresponsetoasystemmessage,aWaitingfor
inputlinkappearshere.Clickthelinktoviewthemessageandrespondtoit.
Clickthevirtualmachinelinkformoredetailsaboutthevirtualmachine.The
VirtualMachineOverviewpageappearsinanewbrowserwindow.Formore
information,seeConfiguringaVirtualMachineonpage 105.
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ThevalueintheUpcolumnindicatesthelengthoftimethevirtualmachinehas
beenrunning.
Thevalueinthe%CPUcolumnindicatestheaveragepercentageofhostoperating
systemprocessorcapacitythevirtualmachineusedduringthefinalminutebefore
thepagewaslastupdated.Moredetailedprocessorinformationisavailableonthe
VirtualMachineOverviewpage.
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ThevalueintheRAMcolumnindicatestheaverageamountofmemorythevirtual
machineusedduringthefinalminutebeforethepagewaslastupdated.More
memoryinformationisavailableontheVirtualMachineOverviewpage.
TheVirtualMachineOverviewpagecontainsthesedetailsaboutthevirtualmachine:
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Thecurrentpowerstateofthevirtualmachinewhetheritispoweredon,
poweredoff,orsuspended.
TheprocessIDofthevirtualmachine.
TheVMIDofthevirtualmachine,whichistheVMwareServerversionofthePID
forarunningvirtualmachine.
Theminimum,maximum,andaveragepercentageofVMwareServerhost
processorcapacitythatthevirtualmachineusedinthepreviousminute.
Theminimum,maximum,andaverageamountofVMwareServerhostmemory
thatthevirtualmachineusedinthepreviousminute.
Howlongthevirtualmachinehasbeenrunning.
ThestatusofVMwareToolswhetherVMwareToolsisinstalledandrunning.
Theaveragepercentageofheartbeatsreceivedbyavirtualmachineduringthe
previousminute.SeeMonitoringtheVirtualMachinesHeartbeatonpage 104.
TheIPaddressofthevirtualmachine.
Linkstoeditstandardconfigurationoptions.ClickOptionstoeditthevirtual
machinesstandardconfigurationoptions.TheOptionspageappears.Tochange
mostoptions,youmustpoweroffthevirtualmachine.
Theguestoperatingsysteminstalledinthevirtualmachine.
Thenumberofvirtualprocessorsinthevirtualmachine.
Theamountofmemoryallocatedtothevirtualmachine.
ThepathtothevirtualmachinesconfigurationfileontheVMwareServerhost.
Activitiesyoucanperformwhenviewingavirtualmachinesdetailsinclude:
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ModifyingtheConfigurationFileDirectly(AdvancedUsersOnly)onpage 107
ViewingaListofConnectedUsersonpage 109
ViewingaLogofaVirtualMachinesEventsonpage 110
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PoweroffthevirtualmachineandclickEdit.TheOptionsConfigurationpage
appears.
NOTE
Youcanchangethedisplaynamewhenthevirtualmachineisrunning.
Tochangethedisplayname,typethenewnameintheDisplayNamefield.
Tochangetheguestoperatingsystem(forexample,ifyouareupgradingtheguest
operatingsysteminstalledinthevirtualmachine),selectthenewguestoperating
systemfromtheGuestOperatingSystemlist.
Tochangethelocationofthesuspendedstatefile,typethepathtothedirectoryon
thehostintheSuspendFileLocationfield.
Tochangewhetherloggingisenabledforthevirtualmachine,check(toenable)or
clear(todisable)theEnableLoggingcheckbox.
Tochangewhetherthevirtualmachineisrunningwithdebugginginformation,
check(toenable)orclear(todisable)theRunwithDebuggingInformationcheck
box.
ClickOKtosaveyourchangesandclosethewindow.
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CAUTION
Youshouldnotaddorchangeanyoptionsinyourconfigurationfile
unlessyouhavebeengivenspecificinstructionsaboutanoptionin
anotherpartoftheuserdocumentation,orifyouareworkingwith
VMwaresupporttosolveanissuewithyourvirtualmachine.
Toaddanoptiontotheconfigurationfile,makesureyouareloggedontothe
managementinterfaceasthevirtualmachineuserorasauserwiththeproper
permissionstomodifythisvirtualmachine(suchastheAdministratororrootuser),
andcompletethefollowingsteps.Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
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UnderVerboseOptions,clicktheclickherelink.TheOptionspageappears.
ClickAdd.
Apromptappears.Enteranamefortheoption,thenclickOK.
Anotherpromptappears.Enteravalueforoptionyouspecified,thenclickOK.
ClickOKintheOptionspagetosavethechangetotheconfigurationfile.
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Tochangeanoptionintheconfigurationfile,completethefollowingsteps.
1
UnderVerboseOptions,clicktheclickherelink.TheOptionspageappears.
Locatetheoptionyouwanttochange,thenchangethevalueintheentryfieldto
therightoftheoption.
ClickOKtosaveyourchangeandclosetheOptionspage.
ThelistunderRemoteConsoleConnectionsidentifiesanyusersconnectedtothe
virtualmachinewithaconsoleorVMwareScriptingAPI.Thelistincludesthetimeand
IPaddressfromwhichtheuserconnectedtothevirtualmachineandthestatusofthe
usersactivity.
NOTE
Youcandeterminewhichusersareconnectedtoarunningvirtualmachine
fromtheconsole;chooseVM>ConnectedUsers.
ThelistunderPermissionsindicateswhatyoucandowiththevirtualmachine.You
areeitherallowedordeniedthefollowingabilities:
!
Viewingvirtualmachinestatus.
Modifyingthevirtualmachinesconfiguration.
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Controllingthevirtualmachinepoweringitonoroff,suspendingorresuming
it.
TheEventslistdisplaysalogofthemostrecentactionsoreventsrecordedinthevirtual
machine,suchasthequestionsVMwareServerasks,anyerrorsandthepoweringon
oroffthevirtualmachine.Eventsappearinreversechronologicalorder;thatis,the
mostrecenteventsappearfirstinthelist.
Theeventlogdrawsitsdatafromthelogfileforthevirtualmachinesconfigurationfile.
Thelogfileisstored,bydefault,inthevirtualmachinesdirectory.OnaWindowshost,
thisdirectoryis<installdrive>:\Virtual Machines\<guestOS>.OnaLinuxhost,this
directoryis/var/lib/vmware/Virtual Machines/<guestOS>.
SometimesyouseeawaitingforinputmessageappearsasalinkintheDisplayName
column.Thislinkappearswhenyouperformanactioninthemanagementinterface
thatpromptsthevirtualmachinetogenerateamessage;youmustrespondtothe
messagebeforethevirtualmachinecanproceed.Whenyouclickthatlink,aprompt
appears,whereyoucanenteraresponse.Afteryouprovideyouranswer,theprompt
closes.YourresponseappearsintheEventslist.
Thelogshowsthedateandtimetheeventoccurredandanexplanationoftheevent.
Someeventshaveasymbolassociatedwiththemthatcorrespondstothetypeofevent
thatoccurred.
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Thistypeofeventindicatesthevirtualmachinegeneratedaquestionorwarning.
Thistypeofeventindicatesanerroroccurredinthevirtualmachine.
NOTE
OnWindowshosts,thehostoperatingsystemsEventViewertracksvirtual
machinepowerstatechanges,VMwareServermessagesandanswersto
promptsthatappearinthevirtualmachine.Formoreinformation,see
LoggingVMwareServerEventsonWindowsonpage 94.
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includethevirtualmachinesconfigurationfile(.vmx),logfile,nvramfile,suspended
statefileandsnapshotfile.
Anyvirtualdisksthatareassociatedwithanothervirtualmachineonthehostarenot
deleted.Thedirectorycontainingthesefilesisnotdeleted.
YoudeletevirtualmachinesfromtheVMwareServerConsoleonly.TheVMware
ManagementInterfaceonVMwareServerdoesnotsupportdeletingvirtualmachines.
Formoreinformation,seeDeletingaVirtualMachineUsingtheVMwareServer
Consoleonpage 112.
SecuringRemoteConnectionswithSSLonpage 112
ConfiguringStartupandShutdownOptionsforVirtualMachinesonpage 113
SettingUserPreferencesfortheVMwareServerHostonpage 117
SettingGlobalPreferencesforVMwareServeronpage 123
SettingMIMETypetoLaunchtheVMwareServerConsoleonpage 128
112
LogontotheVMwareManagementInterfaceastheAdministrator(VMware
ServerforWindowshosts)orrootuser(VMwareServerforLinuxhosts).
OntheStatusMonitorpage,clicktheOptionstab.TheOptionspageappears.
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ClickSecuritySettings.TheSecuritySettingspageappears.
Tosecureyourmanagementinterfacesessions,checktheUseSecureSockets
Layer(SSL)toencryptmanagementinterfacesessionscheckbox.
Tosecureyourconsoleconnections,checktheUseSecureSocketsLayer(SSL)to
encryptremoteconsoleconnectionscheckbox.
NOTE
IfyouchangetheSSLsettingforthemanagementinterface,thesystem
automaticallylogsyouoffandmustlogonagain.
Tosaveyoursettings,clickOK.
WhenSSLisenabled,alockiconappearsinthestatusbarofthebrowserrunning
theVMwareManagementInterface,andinthestatusbaroftheVMwareServer
Consolewindow,unlesstheconsoleisconnectedtoavirtualmachineonthelocal
host.
AfteryouchangeyourSSLsettingforthemanagementinterface,youare
promptedtoacceptthesecuritycertificateinyourbrowserthenexttimeyoulog
ontothemanagementinterface.
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processorandmemoryarecapacitiesrequiredtosimultaneouslystartorstopmultiple
guestoperatingsystems.
Youcandeterminetheglobalorderinwhichvirtualmachinesstartandstop.
Thehostisconfiguredtostartandstopvirtualmachinesautomaticallybydefault.You
cancustomizetheglobalsettingsandvirtualmachinespecificsettings.Tocustomize
thesesettingsforavirtualmachine,seePoweringVirtualMachinesOnandOff.
Thesystemwidevirtualmachinestartupandshutdownoptionsinclude:
!
StartUpandShutDownVirtualMachinesdetermineswhetherornotvirtual
machinesarestartedandstoppedwiththesystem.Ifenabled,defaultstartupand
shutdownpoliciesareappliedtoallvirtualmachinesonyoursystem(whereno
virtualmachinesarepoweredonwhenthehoststartsandallvirtualmachinesare
shutdownwhenthehostshutsdown);youcancustomizeeachvirtualmachines
startupandshutdownpolicies.
Ifthisoptionisdisabled,youcannotsetstartupandshutdownpoliciesforany
virtualmachinesonyoursystem.
ContinueStartingVirtualMachinesAftersetstheamountoftimeVMware
Serverwaitsafterstartingonevirtualmachinebeforestartinganothervirtual
machine.YoucansetthissothatVMwareServerdoesnotwaitbeforestartingthe
nextvirtualmachine,waitsacertainnumberofminutesbeforestartingorstarts
whenVMwareToolsstartsinthecurrentvirtualmachine.
AttempttoContinueStoppingVirtualMachinesAftersetstheamountoftime
VMwareServerwaitsafterstoppingonevirtualmachinebeforestoppinganother
virtualmachine.YoucansetthissothatVMwareServerdoesnotwaitbefore
stoppingeachvirtualmachineorwaitsacertainnumberofminutesbefore
stoppingeachvirtualmachine.
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LogontotheVMwareManagementInterfaceastheAdministrator(VMware
ServerforWindowshosts)orrootuser(VMwareServerforLinuxhosts).
OntheStatusMonitorpage,clicktheOptionstab.TheOptionspageappears.
VMware, Inc.
ClickVirtualMachineStartupandShutdown.TheVirtualMachineStartupand
Shutdownpageappears.
UnderSystemConfiguration,clickEdit.TheSystemStartupandShutdown
Defaultspageappears.
Toenablesystemwidestartupandshutdownpolicies,checktheStartUpand
ShutDownVirtualMachinescheckbox.
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ToconfigurewhenVMwareServershouldstartthenextvirtualmachineaftera
virtualmachinestarts,dooneorbothofthefollowing:
!
Tospecifyaperiodoftimebeforethenextvirtualmachinestarts,inthe
ContinueStartingVirtualMachinesAfterlist,eitherchoosethenumberof
minutestowaitorindicatethatVMwareServershouldnotwaitbefore
startingthenextvirtualmachine.IfyouselectOther,specifythenumberof
minutestowaitinthepromptthatappears.Itisagoodideatosetadelay
betweenstartingvirtualmachines,asadelayavoidsplacinganundueburden
onthehostprocessorsandmemory.
TospecifythatVMwareToolsshouldstartinavirtualmachinebeforethenext
virtualmachinestarts,checkwhenVMwareToolsstarts.IfVMwareTools
doesnotstartinthevirtualmachinebeforethetimespecifiedintheContinue
StartingVirtualMachinesAfterlistelapses,VMwareServerstartsthenext
virtualmachine.
ToconfigurewhenVMwareServershouldstopthenextvirtualmachineaftera
virtualmachinestops,intheAttempttoContinueStoppingOtherVirtual
MachinesAfterlist,eitherchoosethenumberofminutestowaitorindicatethat
VMwareServershouldnotwaitbeforestartingthenextvirtualmachine.Ifyou
selectOther,specifythenumberofminutestowaitinthepromptthatappears.It
isagoodideatosetadelaybetweenstoppingvirtualmachines,asadelayavoids
placinganundueburdenonthehostprocessorsandmemory.
ClickOKtosaveyoursettings.
ClickCloseWindowtoreturntothemanagementinterfacesOptionspage.
SpecifiedOrderliststhevirtualmachinesintheorderinwhichtheyare
configuredtostartandstop.
AnyOrderliststhevirtualmachinesspecifiedtostartandstopinanyorder.
Youcannotspecifythestartuporderforavirtualmachineifitisconfiguredtorunas
theuserwhopowersiton.Thevirtualmachinemustbeconfiguredtorunasthelocal
systemaccountorasaspecificuser.
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Otherliststhevirtualmachinesthatareconfiguredtousethedefaultstartand
stoppolicieswhenthesystemstartsupandshutsdown.
SpecifiedOrderliststhevirtualmachinesintheorderinwhichtheyare
configuredtostart.Theorderinwhichthevirtualmachinesstopisthereverseof
theorderinwhichtheystart,sothelastvirtualmachinetostartwhenthesystem
startsupisthefirsttostopwhenthesystemshutsdown.Tospecifythestartup
order,selectmachinesandusethearrowstomovethemupordownwithinthelist.
AnyOrderliststhevirtualmachinesthatareconfiguredtostartandstopinany
order.Movevirtualmachinestothiscategoryifyouwantthemtostartandstop
withthesystem,butyoudonotwanttosettheorderforthem.Thevirtual
machinesinthiscategorydonotstartorstopuntilallthevirtualmachineslisted
intheSpecifiedOrderlisthavestartedorstopped.
OntheVirtualMachineStartupandShutdownpage,underSystem
Configuration,clickEdit.TheSystemStartupandShutdownDefaultspage
appears.
CleartheStartUpandShutDownVirtualMachinescheckbox,thenclickOK.
ClickCloseWindowtoreturntothemanagementinterfacesOptionspage.
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Tochangethesesettings,chooseEdit>Preferences.ThePreferencesdialogbox
appears.
IfyouselecttheRememberopenedvirtualmachinesbetweensessionscheckbox,you
seeatabforeachopenedvirtualmachineinthevirtualmachinedisplaythenexttime
youopenaconsole.Avirtualmachineisconsideredopenedifbothofthefollowing
conditionsaretrue:
!
Thevirtualmachinewasleftopen.
Thevirtualmachinewaspoweredonandoff,orpoweredonandsuspended.
IfyouselecttheRemembervisitedhostsbetweensessionscheckbox,thenameofany
VMwareServerhosttowhichyouconnectedinapreviousconsolesessionappearsin
theconsolesLogindialogbox.Toclearthelistofrememberedhosts,clickClearHost
List.
IfyouselecttheRememberusernamesbetweensessionscheckbox,anyusernames
youusedwhenyouconnectedduringpreviousconsolesessionsappearintheconsoles
Logindialogbox.Toclearthelistofrememberedusernames,clickClearUserNames
List.
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NOTE
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TheGrabwhencursorenterswindowoptionallowsyoutomovethemouse
pointerbackintothevirtualmachinewindoweasilyifyouhavebeenworking
inthevirtualmachineandtemporarilymovedthemousepointeroutsidethe
virtualmachinewindow.ThemousepointerisgrabbedonlywhenVMware
Serverhasfocus(istheactiveapplication).Ifyoureleasethemousepointerby
pressingahotkeycombinationthedefaultisCtrlAltyoumustclick
insidethevirtualmachinewindowtomakeVMwareServergrabthemouse
pointeragain.
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Theinputsettingsyoucanspecifyinclude:
!
GrabkeyboardandmouseinputonmouseclickVMwareServertakescontrol
ofthekeyboardandthemouseafterthefirstprimarymousebuttonclickinthe
virtualmachineconsolewindow.
GrabkeyboardandmouseinputonkeypressVMwareServertakescontrolof
thekeyboardandthemouseafterthefirstkeystroke.Thefirstkeystrokeissentto
thevirtualmachine.Whenthevirtualmachineconsolewindowisactiveandthis
optionisselected,youcannotusethenormalapplicationandsystemaccelerator
keysequences.
Ungrabwhencursorleaveswindowthemousepointerbecomesthemouse
pointerofyourhostoperatingsystemwhenthemousepointerexitsthevirtual
machineconsolewindow.Thisoptiondoesnotapplywhenthevirtualmachineis
infullscreenmode.Usethisoptiontotransitionseamlesslybetweenthevirtual
machineandyourhostoperatingsystem.
Hidecursoronungrabthemousepointeroftheguestoperatingsystemis
hiddenwhenyourmouseiscontrollingthepointerofthehostoperatingsystem.
Thisoptionisparticularlyusefulwhenyourguestoperatingsystemandyourhost
operatingsystemareidentical:iteliminatestheconfusionofhavingtothinkabout
whichofthetwoidenticalpointersmoveswhenyoumoveyourmouse.
Grabwhencursorenterswindowthemousepointerbecomesthemouse
pointerofyourguestoperatingsystemwhenthemousepointerentersthevirtual
machineconsolewindow.Thisoptiondoesnotapplywhenthevirtualmachineis
infullscreenmode.
Enablecopyandpastetoandfromvirtualmachineusethisoptionforcopying
andpastingtextbetweenthehostandthevirtualmachineandamongvirtual
machines.Theclipboardsofthetwooperatingsystemscommunicatewitheach
other.Whenthemousepointerofyourguestoperatingsystemexitstheconsole
window,thecontentsoftheguestoperatingsystemclipboardarecopiedintothe
hostoperatingsystemclipboard.Similarly,eachtimethemousepointerofyour
hostoperatingsystemisgrabbedbytheconsolewindow,thecontentsofthehost
operatingsystemclipboardarecopiedintotheguestoperatingsystemclipboard.
NOTE
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Atthistime,youcannotcopyandpastebetweenRedHatLinux7.0
through7.3andWindows2000.Itdoesnotmatterwhichoperating
systemistheguestandwhichisthehost.
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NOTE
Thebestwaytounderstandthecursoroptionsistoplaywiththemforawhile.
Theydescribehowthemousepointershouldbehavewhenyouarein
windowedmode;thatis,thevirtualmachineisinaconsolewindow,notin
fullscreenmode,andyoucanseeyourhostoperatingsystemsdesktop.
Youcanconstructyourowncustomhotkeycombinationif,forexample,thedefault
Ctrl+Altcombinationconflictswithanotherapplicationonthehostthatprocessesthe
samehotkeycombination.
Forexample,youmaywanttochangehotkeycombinationsfromCtrlAlt<key>to
CtrlShiftAlt<key>topreventVMwareServerfrominterceptingCtrlAltDelete
insteadoflettingthekeycombinationbesenttotheguestoperatingsystem.
Or,youmaybeusingPCAnywheretoconnecttoamachinerunningaconsole.Thethe
consoleisconnectedtoavirtualmachinerunninginfullscreenmode,andyouwantto
runadifferentapplication.Normally,toreturntowindowmode,youpressCtrlAlt,
butPCAnywhereprocessesCtrlAltkeycombinations,soVMwareServercannot
receivethekeycombination.Thus,youneedtouseanalternatehotkeycombinationto
getoutoffullscreenmode.
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NOTE
BecauseCtrlAltisthekeycombinationthattellsVMwareServertorelease
(ungrab)mouseandkeyboardinput,combinationsthatincludeCtrlAltare
notpassedtotheguestoperatingsystem.Ifyouneedtousesucha
combinationforexample,CtrlAlt<Fkey>toswitchbetweenLinux
workspacesinavirtualmachinepressCtrlAltSpace,releaseSpace
withoutreleasingCtrlandAlt,thenpressthethirdkeyofthekeycombination
youwanttosendtotheguest.
Youcanalsoconstructyourowncustomhotkeycombination.SelectCustom,then
selectthecombinationofCtrl,AltandShiftkeys.Youspecifywhethereachkeyis:
!
Downwhereyoumustpressthekeydownaspartofthekeycombination.
Upwhereyoumustleavethekeyunpressedaspartofthekeycombination.
Eitherwhereitdoesnotmatterifyoupressthekey.
UseAutofitpreferencestocontrolhowtheconsolewindowbehaveswhenAutofitis
active.ChecktheAutofitwindowboxtohaveVMwareServerchangetheconsole
windowsizetomatchtheguestoperatingsystemresolution.Thisisthesameas
choosingView>AutofitWindow.ChecktheAutofitguestboxtohaveVMware
Serverchangetheguestoperatingsystemdisplayresolutiontomatchtheconsole
windowsize.ThisisthesameaschoosingView>AutofitGuest.
OnLinuxhostsonly,theDisplaytabalsoletsyouconfigurethedisplaysettingsofthe
hostandguestwhenyouenterfullscreenmode.
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123
ThesettingsonthePrioritytabapplytoallvirtualmachinesfortheusercurrently
loggedontothehostcomputer.Theprioritysettingsdonotaffectprioritysettings
madebyanyotheruseronthecomputer.
ThissettingisnotavailableonaLinuxhost.
Tosetprioritypreferences,intheHostSettingsdialogbox,clickthePrioritytab.
Theprioritysettingshereareusedbyallvirtualmachinesunlessavirtualmachine
configurationoverridestheglobalsettingwithalocalsetting.Tochangethelocal
settingforaparticularvirtualmachine,andoverridetheglobalsettings,openthe
virtualmachineyouwanttoadjust,chooseVM>Settings,clicktheOptionstab,select
Advanced,thenusethedropdownlistsunderProcessprioritiestomakethesetting
youwantforthatvirtualmachine.
Therearethreepossibleprocessschedulingpriorities:low,normalandhigh.The
typicalprocessonthehostrunsatnormalpriority.Ifyousetthepriorityofthevirtual
machinetolow,thatvirtualmachinehaslowerprioritythanotherprocessesonthe
host.Ifyousetthepriorityofthevirtualmachinetonormal,thatvirtualmachine
contendswithalltheprocessesonthehost.Ifyousetthevirtualmachinepriorityto
high,thatvirtualmachinegetspriorityoverotherprocessesonthehost.
VMwareServergivesyoutheoptiontoautomaticallychangetheprocessscheduling
prioritythatapplieswhenthevirtualmachinegrabsandungrabskeyboardandmouse
input.Formoreinformationongrabbingandungrabbinginput,seeChangingYour
InputSettingsonpage 119.
Thefourpossibleprocessprioritiesare
!
highnormal:Wheninputisgrabbed,VMwareServergetspriorityoverother
processesonthehost.Wheninputisnotgrabbed,VMwareServercontendswith
alltheprocessesonthehost.
highlow:Wheninputisgrabbed,VMwareServergetspriorityoverother
processesonthehost.Wheninputisnotgrabbed,VMwareServerhaslower
prioritythanotherprocessesonthehost.
normalnormal:Wheninputisgrabbed,VMwareServercontendswithallthe
processesonthehost.Wheninputisnotgrabbed,VMwareServercontendswith
alltheprocessesonthehost.
normallow:Wheninputisgrabbed,VMwareServercontendswithallthe
processesonthehost.Wheninputisnotgrabbed,VMwareServerhaslower
prioritythanotherprocessesonthehost.
VMwareServerdefaultstoprocessprioritynormalnormal.
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FormoreinformationaboutSSL,seeSecuringYourRemoteSessionsonpage 90.
Toavoidconfusioninamultiplehost,multiplenetworkenvironment.Thisisthe
typicalVirtualCenterenvironment.VirtualCentercanmanagevirtualmachineson
multipleVMwareServerhosts.
ToletyoumigratevirtualmachinesbetweenVirtualCenterhosts.Virtualmachines
canbemigratedfromhostsonthesamenetworkonly.Thelabelensuresthat
VirtualCenterknowstowhichnetworkthevirtualmachineisconnected.
ToletyoucreatevirtualmachinesfromtheVirtualCenterclient.
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125
Toletyoueditthevirtualnetworkconfigurationofanexistingvirtualmachine
fromtheVirtualCenterclient.
NOTE
IfyouconfigurevirtualmachinesfromtheVirtualCenterclient,you
cannottakeadvantageofVMwareServerfeatureslikesnapshots.
Iftheadapterhasnolabel,VirtualCentercannotrecognizetheadapter.Ifavirtual
machineisconfiguredforanetworknamethatdoesnotexist,thevirtualnetwork
adapterisdisconnectedwhenyoupoweronthevirtualmachine.
YoucancreatelabelsfortheexistingdefaultvirtualnetworkadapterslikeVMnet0,
thedefaultbridgednetworkadapter,orVMnet8,thedefaultNATadapter.You
configuretheadaptersinVMwareServer.Youcanconfigureeachadapterwith
bridged,hostonly,NATorcustomnetworking.Thetypeofnetworkingconfiguration
isirrelevanttoVirtualCenter.VirtualCenterisconcernedwiththenetworklabelonly.
NOTE
TocreateandmanageallyourvirtualmachinesfromtheVirtualCenterclient,
youshouldassignuniquelabelstoeachhostonlyadapteronaVMware
Serverhost.Thisway,youcaneasilyidentifyonwhichhosteachhostonly
networkresides.However,ifyouhaveaVMwareServerhostwhereallthe
virtualmachinesusehostonlynetworking,youcoulddecidetonotgivethe
hostonlyadapteranetworklabel.
Forinformationonconfiguringnewvirtualnetworkadapters,seeAddingand
ModifyingVirtualNetworkAdapters.
FormoreinformationonmanagingVMwareServervirtualmachineswith
VirtualCenter,seeUsingVirtualCentertoManageVirtualMachinesonpage 131.
Afteryourvirtualnetworkadaptersareconfiguredtoyourliking,createlabelsforeach
adaptersoVirtualCentercancorrectlymanagethevirtualmachinesonthehost.
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VMware, Inc.
ConnecttotheVMwareServerhostwithaconsole,thenchooseHost>Settings.
TheHostSettingsdialogboxappears.
ClicktheNamedNetworkstab.
NOTE
IftheNamedNetworkstabdoesnotappearintheHostSettingsdialog
box,thentheVMwareServerhosthasnotbeendiscoveredby
VirtualCenter.ForinformationaboutaddingaVMwareServerhostto
VirtualCenter,seeyourVirtualCenterdocumentation.
Toaddalabel,clickAdd.TheAddNamedNetworkdialogboxappears.
SelectthevirtualnetworkadapterfromtheAdapterlist.OnaWindowshost,ifan
adapterisconfiguredforbridged,hostonlyorNATnetworking,itsnetworking
typeisindicatednexttotheadaptername.
EnterthenameofthelabelintheLabelentryfield.
ClickOKtoaddthelabel,thenclickOKtosaveyourchanges.
LogontotheVMwareManagementInterfaceastheAdministrator(VMware
ServerforWindowshosts)orrootuser(VMwareServerforLinuxhosts).For
information,seeLoggingOntotheVMwareManagementInterfaceonpage 99.
OntheStatusMonitorpage,clicktheOptionstab.TheOptionspageappears.
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127
ClickNetworkConnections.TheNetworkConnectionspageappears.
NOTE
IftheNetworkConnectionslinkdoesnotappearontheOptionspage,
thentheVMwareServerhosthasnotbeendiscoveredbyVirtualCenter.
ForinformationonaddingaVMwareServerhosttoVirtualCenter,see
yourVirtualCenterdocumentation.
Foreachnetworkadapter,addalabelinthecorrespondingfieldunderNetwork
Label.OnaWindowshost,ifanadapterisconfiguredforhostonlyorNAT
networking,itsnetworkingtypeisindicatednexttotheadaptername.
ClickOKtosaveyourchanges.
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NOTE
Youmaynotneedtocreateahelperfilemanuallyifyourbrowserprompts
youtoassociateVMwareServerwiththefiletype.
Openatexteditoranddooneofthefollowing.
!
OnaWindowshost,writeashortbatchfilecalledvmwareserver-helper.bat.
Thebatchfilemustcontainthefollowingline:
"<path_to_vmwareserver>" -o "%1"
wherethedefault<path_to_vmwareserver>is
C:\Program Files\VMware\VMware Server\vmware.exe
OnaLinuxhost,writeashortshellscriptcalledvmware-vms-helper.sh.The
shellscriptmustcontainthefollowingtwolines:
#!/bin/sh
"<path_to_vmware-vms>" -o $1 > /dev/null 2>&1;
wherethedefault<path_to_vmware-vms>is/usr/bin/vmware.
Savethefileinalocationofyourchoice.
NOTE
OnaLinuxhost,changetothedirectorywhereyousavedthefileand
giveyourselfpermissiontoexecutethefile.
chmod +x vmware-server-helper.sh
3
Usethebrowsertoconnecttotheserveryouwanttomanage.
Clicktheterminalicon(
Adialogboxaskswhatyouwanttodowiththefile.ClickAdvanced.
IntheNewTypedialogbox,intheDescriptionoftypefield,typeVMware Server.
IntheFileextensionfield,typexvm.
IntheMIMEtypefield,typeapplication/x-vmware-server-console.
IntheApplicationtousefield,typethepathtovmwareserver-helper.bator
vmware-server-helper.sh.
10
ClickOKtwice.Yourbrowserisnowsettolaunchtheconsolewhenyouclickthe
terminaliconinthefuture.
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)forthevirtualmachineyouwanttoviewinaconsole.
129
Setting MIME Type for VMware Server Console Installed from the
Management Interface Download
1
Openatexteditoranddooneofthefollowing.
!
OnaWindowshost,writeashortbatchfilecalledvmwareConsole-helper.bat.
Thebatchfilemustcontainthefollowingline:
"<path_to_vmwareConsole>" -o "%1"
wherethedefault<path_to_vmwareConsole>is
C:\Program Files\VMware\VMware Server Console\vmware.exe
OnaLinuxhost,writeashortshellscriptcalled
vmware-server-console-helper.sh.Theshellscriptmustcontainthe
followingtwolines:
#!/bin/sh
"<path_to_vmware-server-console>" -o $1 > /dev/null 2>&1;
wherethedefault<path_to_vmware-server-console>is
/usr/bin/vmware-server-console.
Savethefileinalocationofyourchoice.
NOTE
OnaLinuxhost,changetothedirectorywhereyousavedthefileand
giveyourselfpermissiontoexecutethefile.
chmod +x vmware-server-console-helper.sh
130
Usethebrowsertoconnecttotheserveryouwanttomanage.
Clicktheterminalicon(
Adialogboxaskswhatyouwanttodowiththefile.ClickAdvanced.
IntheNewTypedialogbox,intheDescriptionoftypefield,typeVMware Server
Console.
IntheFileextensionfield,typexvm.
IntheMIMEtypefield,typeapplication/x-vmware-console.
IntheApplicationtousefield,typethepathtovmwareConsole-helper.bator
vvmware-server-console-helper.sh.
10
ClickOKtwice.Yourbrowserisnowsettolaunchtheconsolewhenyouclickthe
terminaliconinthefuture.
)forthevirtualmachineyouwanttoviewinaconsole.
VMware, Inc.
ConfirmVirtualCenterandVMwareServerareinstalledandoperatingcorrectly.
LocatetheVMwareServerhostinVirtualCenter,andsupplythecredentialsfora
useraccountontheVMwareServerhosttousewhenrunningvirtualmachines.
CreatenetworklabelsforyournetworkadaptersontheVMwareServerhost.
VirtualCenteruseslabelstoidentifywhichvirtualnetworkadapterisassociated
withwhichphysicalnetwork.Forinformation,seeCreatingNetworkLabelson
page 125.
CreatethevirtualmachinesfromaVirtualCenterclient.
NOTE
IfyouarecreatingaRedHatEnterpriseLinux4virtualmachine,select
OtherLinux2.6.xKernel.
SnapshotsareunavailableonaVirtualCenterclient.Snapshotsarenotavailable
whenyouconnecttoaVMwareServervirtualmachinefromaVirtualCenterclient.
IfyoutakeasnapshotofaVMwareServervirtualmachinewhenyouconnectto
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131
thevirtualmachinewithaVMwareServerConsole,andlaterconnecttothevirtual
machinefromaVirtualCenterclient,thesnapshotstillexists.
Youcannotupdate,remove,orreverttothecurrentsnapshot,ortakeanew
snapshotwhenyouconnecttothevirtualmachinefromaVirtualCenterclient.
Whenyouconnecttothevirtualmachinewithaconsole,youcaninteractwiththe
snapshotagain.
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VirtualmachinescreatedfromaVirtualCenterclientrunasaspecificuser
account.AvirtualmachinecreatedfromaVirtualCenterclientcannotbe
configuredtorunastheuserthatpowersiton.Yousupplytheuseraccount
informationwhenyouaddtheVMwareServerhosttoVirtualCenter.
VirtualmachinescreatedfromaVirtualCenterclientarenotprivate.Tomakethe
virtualmachineavailableonlytotheVirtualCenteruseraccount,connecttothe
virtualmachinewiththeVMwareServerConsoleandchangethesettingthere.For
information,seeOnlyYouCanSeeVirtualMachinesYouCreateonpage 84.
Youcannotspecifyanameforvirtualdiskfileswhenyoucreateavirtual
machinefromaVirtualCenterclient.Thevirtualdiskfilesusethevirtualmachine
nameasthebasisforthefilenames.YoucanusetheVMwareServerConsoleto
createmorevirtualdiskswithfilenamesthatdonotreflectthevirtualmachine
name.
VirtualmachinescanuseonlytheDVD/CDROMdriveontheVMwareServer
host.TousetheclientDVD/CDROMdriveonaremotesystem,connecttothe
virtualmachinewiththeVMwareServerConsole.
Youcannotbrowsearemotefilesystemwhenconnectedtothevirtualmachine
fromaVirtualCenterclient.YouneedtoknowthepathtoafilesuchasanISO
imageandmustenteritmanually.
VMware, Inc.
Thischapterprovidesinformationonhowtomoveyourvirtualmachinesfromone
hosttoanother,orelsewhereonthesamehost,plusrecommendationsonhowtoshare
virtualmachineswithotherusers.
Thischapteralsoincludesinformationonhowtomoveavirtualmachinerunning
underVMwareGSXServer3andVMwareWorkstation5.xtoahostrunningVMware
Serverandcoversthefollowingtopics:
!
MovingaVMwareServerVirtualMachineonpage 133
MovingVMwareGSXServer3VirtualMachinetoaNewHostonpage 136
MovingOlderVirtualMachinesonpage 138
SharingVirtualMachineswithOtherUsersonpage 142
NOTE
Whenyoumoveavirtualmachinetoanewhostcomputerortoadifferent
directoryonthesamehostcomputerorwhenyourenameadirectoryinthe
pathtothevirtualmachinesconfigurationfileVMwareServergeneratesa
differentMACaddressforeachvirtualEthernetadapter(unlessyouspecified
theMACaddressmanually).Foradditionalinformation,seeMaintaining
andChangingtheMACAddressofaVirtualMachine.
ForinformationaboutmovingvirtualmachinesbetweenVMwareproducts,seethe
VMwareVirtualMachineMobilityPlanningGuideontheVMwareWebsite.
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133
NOTE
Theseinstructionsassumethatyouareusingavirtualdiskstoredinoneor
more.vmdkfilesonyourhostcomputer.
Itsalwayssafesttomakebackupcopiesofallthefilesinyourvirtualmachines
directorybeforeyoustartaprocesslikethis.
CAUTION
VMwarerecommendsyounotmigrateaRedHatLinux7.3or7.2virtual
machinebetweenhostswhenonehostisrunningonanAMDprocessor
andtheotherisrunningonanIntelprocessor.Formoreinformation,read
theKnownIssuessectionsfortheseguestoperatingsystemsinthe
VMwareGuestOperatingSystemInstallationGuide,availableonthe
VMwareWebsite.
ThefollowingsectionsfurtherdescribemovingaVMwareServervirtualmachine:
!
VirtualMachinesUseRelativePathsonpage 134
PreparingYourVirtualMachinefortheMoveonpage 134
MovingaVirtualMachinetoaNewHostonpage 135
Shutdowntheguestoperatingsystemandpoweroffthevirtualmachine.Ifthe
virtualmachineissuspended,resumeit,thenshutdowntheguest.
Dooneofthefollowing:
!
Ifyouaremovingthevirtualmachinetoanewhostandhaveanetwork
connectionbetweentheoriginalhostmachineandthenewhost,youare
finishedwiththepreparationsontheoriginalhost.Ifyoudonothavea
networkconnection,youneedtohaveawayofmovingthevirtualdisk
(.vmdk)filesfromthevirtualmachinesdirectorytothenewhost.Youcould
movethemtoasharednetworkdirectory,forexample,orburnthemto
CDROMsorDVDs.
Onceyouknowhowyouaregoingtomovethevirtualmachine,goto
MovingaVirtualMachinetoaNewHostonpage 135.
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Ifyouaremovingthisvirtualmachinetoanotherdirectoryonthishost,then
youarereadytomakethemove.Copyallthefilesinthevirtualmachines
originaldirectorytothenewlocation.Ifyoustoredanyfilesindirectories
otherthanthevirtualmachinedirectory,besuretomovethemintoadirectory
ofthesamenameandsamepositionrelativetothelocationofthevirtual
machine.
StarttheVMwareServerConsoleandopenthenewvirtualmachineyoujust
moved.ChooseFile>OpenVirtualMachine,thenbrowsetothevirtual
machinesconfiguration(.vmx)file.
MakesureVMwareServerisinstalledandworkingcorrectlyonthenewhost.
Createadirectoryonthenewhostforthevirtualmachineyouaremoving.Locate
thevirtualdiskfilesyouaremovingandcopythemintothenewdirectory.Besure
tocopyallthefilesinthevirtualmachinesoriginaldirectory.Ifyoustoredany
filesindirectoriesotherthanthevirtualmachinedirectory,besuretomovethem
intoadirectoryofthesamenameandsamepositionrelativetothelocationofthe
virtualmachine.Setpermissionsonthedirectorysothatitisaccessibletoallusers
ofthevirtualmachine.
If,forsomereason,youarenotmovingafile,makesureyoudonothaveanypaths
pointingtothatfile.Usethevirtualmachinesettingseditorandchecktoseeifyour
virtualmachineispointingtothecorrectlocationforfiles(chooseVM>Settings)
youdonotmove.Inthevirtualmachinesettingseditor,selecteachdeviceandbe
surethatanydeviceswithassociatedfilesarepointedtothecorrectfiles.Also,
checktheOptionstabtobesurethelocationfortheredologfileiscorrect.
NOTE
Ifyouhavetakenasnapshotofthevirtualmachine,youcansimplifythe
movebyremovingthesnapshotorrevertingtothesnapshot,then
removingit.Ifyouwanttokeepthesnapshot,besuretomovethe
redolog(.REDO)filesalongwithalltheotherfilesinthevirtualmachines
directory.
LaunchtheVMwareServerConsoleandopenthevirtualmachineyoujustmoved.
ChooseFile>OpenVirtualMachine,thenbrowsetothevirtualmachines
configuration(.vmx)file.
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135
Thefirsttimeyoupoweronthevirtualmachine,youareaskedtokeeptheexisting
UUIDorcreateanewone.
IfyouareusingtheUUIDformanagementpurposes,youshouldselectKeep,then
clickOKtocontinuepoweringonthevirtualmachine.Formoreinformationabout
theUUID,seeIdentifyingaVirtualMachinebyItsUUIDonpage 92.
Theseinstructionsassumethatyouareusingavirtualdiskstoredinoneor
more.vmdkfilesonyourhostcomputer.Itsalwayssafesttomakebackup
copiesofallthefilesinyourvirtualmachinesdirectorybeforeyoustarta
processlikethis.
ThefollowingsectionsexplainhowtoprepareandmovetheVMwareGSXServer2or
3toanewhost,andcoverthetopics:
136
VirtualMachinesUseRelativePathsonpage 137
PreparingYourVirtualMachinefortheMoveonpage 137
MovingaVirtualMachinetoaNewHostonpage 138
VMware, Inc.
UseVMwareServertoconnecttothevirtualmachine.Ifthevirtualmachinehas
morethanonevirtualdiskandifthevirtualdisksusedifferentdiskmodes,you
mustusetheConfigurationEditor(chooseSettings>ConfigurationEditor)to
changeoneormoreofthevirtualdiskssotheyallusethesamemode.
Besuretheguestoperatingsystemiscompletelyshutdown.Ifthevirtualmachine
issuspendedanditsvirtualdisksareinpersistentornonpersistentmode,resume
it,thenshutdowntheguestoperatingsystem.
Ifyourvirtualmachineisusingdisksinundoablemode,itisbesttocommitor
discardthechangeswhentheguestoperatingsystemshutsdown.Ifyoucannot
commitordiscardthechangestoyourdisk,readConsiderationsforMoving
DisksinUndoableModeonpage 141.
Dooneofthefollowing:
!
Ifyouaremovingthevirtualmachinetoanewhostandhaveanetwork
connectionbetweentheoriginalhostmachineandthenewhost,youare
finishedwiththepreparationsontheoriginalhost.Ifyoudonothavea
networkconnection,youneedtohaveawayofmovingthevirtualdisk
(.vmdk)filesfromthevirtualmachinesdirectorytothenewhost.Youcould
movethemtoasharednetworkdirectory,forexample,orburnthemto
CDROMsorDVDROMs.
Onceyouknowhowyouaregoingtomovethevirtualmachine,goto
MovingaVirtualMachinetoaNewHost.
VMware, Inc.
Ifyouaremovingthisvirtualmachinetoanotherdirectoryonthesamehost,
youarereadytomakethemove.Copyallthefilesinthevirtualmachines
originaldirectorytothenewlocation.Ifyoustoredanyfilesindirectories
otherthanthevirtualmachinedirectory,besuretomovethemintoadirectory
ofthesamenameandsamepositionrelativetothelocationofthevirtual
machine.
137
Launchtheconsoleandopenthevirtualmachineyoujustmoved.ChooseFile
>Open,thenbrowsetothevirtualmachinesconfiguration(.vmx)file.
MakesureVMwareServerisinstalledandworkingcorrectlyonthenewhost.
Locatethevirtualdiskfilesyouaremovingandcopythemintothenewvirtual
machinedirectory.Besuretocopyallthefilesinthevirtualmachinesoriginal
directory.Ifyoustoredanyfilesindirectoriesotherthanthevirtualmachine
directory,besuretomovethemintoadirectoryofthesamenameandsame
positionrelativetothelocationofthevirtualmachine.Setpermissionsonthe
directorysothatitisaccessibletoallusersofthevirtualmachine.
If,forsomereason,youarenotmovingafile,makesureyoudonothaveany
relativeorabsolutepathspointingtothatfile.Usethevirtualmachinesettings
editorandchecktoseeifyourvirtualmachineispointingtothecorrectlocation
forfilesyoudonotmove.Inthevirtualmachinesettingseditor,selecteachdevice
andbesurethatanydeviceswithassociatedfilesarepointedtothecorrectfiles.
Also,checktheOptionstabtobesurethelocationfortheredologfileiscorrect.
Inaddition,checktoseeyoudonothaveanyabsolutepathspointingtoanyfiles
youaremoving.
NOTE
Ifyourvirtualmachineisusingdisksinundoablemode,itisbestto
commitordiscardthechangeswhenyoushutdowntheguestoperating
systemunderVMwareServer2.Ifyoucannotcommitordiscardthe
changestoyourdisk,readConsiderationsforMovingDisksin
UndoableModeonpage 141.
LaunchtheVMwareServerConsoleandopenthevirtualmachineyoujustmoved.
ChooseFile>OpenVirtualMachine,thenbrowsetothevirtualmachines
configuration(.vmx)file.
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VMware, Inc.
NOTE
Theseinstructionsassumethatyouareusingavirtualdiskstoredinaset
of.vmdkor.dskfilesonyourhostcomputer.
Itisalwayssafesttomakebackupcopiesofallthefilesinyourvirtualmachines
directorybeforeyoustartaprocesslikethis.
Thefollowingsectionsfurtherdescribemovingoldervirtualmachines:
!
VirtualMachinesMayUseRelativeorAbsolutePathsonpage 139
PreparingYourVirtualMachinefortheMoveonpage 139
PreparingtheNewHostMachineonpage 140
ConsiderationsforMovingDisksinUndoableModeonpage 141
OpenthevirtualmachineusingtheVMwareproductwithwhichyoucreatedit.If
thevirtualmachinehasmorethanonevirtualdiskandifthevirtualdisksuse
differentdiskmodes,youmustusetheConfigurationEditor(chooseSettings>
ConfigurationEditor)tochangeoneormoreofthevirtualdiskssotheyallusethe
samemode.
BesureyouknowwhetherthevirtualdiskissetupasanIDEdiskoraSCSIdisk.
Youcancheckthisinthevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
Also,notethesizeofthevirtualdiskyouaremoving.Youneedthisinformation
whenyoupreparethenewhostmachine,asdescribedinthenextsection.
Besuretheguestoperatingsystemiscompletelyshutdown.Ifthevirtualmachine
issuspended,resumeitusingtheVMwareproductwithwhichyoucreatedthe
virtualmachine,thenshutdowntheguestoperatingsystem.
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139
NOTE
Donotmoveasuspendedvirtualmachinefromonehosttoanother.
Ifyourvirtualmachineisusingdisksinundoablemode,itisbesttocommitor
discardthechangeswhentheguestoperatingsystemshutsdown.Ifyoucannot
commitordiscardthechangestoyourdisk,readConsiderationsforMoving
DisksinUndoableModeonpage 141.
Ifyouhaveanetworkconnectionbetweentheoriginalhostmachineandthenew
host,youarefinishedwiththepreparationsontheoriginalhost.Ifyoudonothave
anetworkconnection,youneedtohaveawayofmovingthevirtualdisk(.vmdk)
filesfromthevirtualmachinesdirectorytothenewhost.Youcouldmovethemto
asharednetworkdirectory,forexample,orburnthemtoCDROMsorDVDs.
NOTE
Ifyourdisksareusingundoablemodeandyouhavenotcommittedor
discardedyourchanges,youmustalsomovetheredolog(.REDO)fileto
thenewhostcomputer.
MakesureVMwareServerisinstalledandworkingcorrectlyonthenewhost.
StarttheVMwareServerConsoleandruntheNewVirtualMachineWizard.Select
theappropriateguestoperatingsystemforthevirtualmachineyouaremoving.
Chooseavirtualdiskforyourharddriveanduseadrivetype(IDEorSCSI)that
matchesthetypeofthevirtualdiskyouplantomove.
Selectallappropriatenetwork,floppyandCDROMsettings.Donotmakeany
changeswiththevirtualmachinesettingseditoratthispoint.
Saveyoursettingsandclosethevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
Inthedirectoryjustcreatedforthenewvirtualmachine,deletethebrandnew
.vmdkfilesthatwerejustcreated.
Locatethevirtualdiskfilesyouaremovingandcopythemintothenewvirtual
machinedirectory.Setpermissionsonthedirectorysothatitisaccessibletoall
usersofthevirtualmachine.
NOTE
140
Ifyourvirtualmachineisusingdisksinundoablemodeandyoudidnot
commitordiscardyourchangesbeforethemove,youmustalsomovethe
redolog(.REDO)filetothenewhostcomputer.
VMware, Inc.
IntheconsolesInventorylist,selectthevirtualmachineyoujustcreated,then
chooseVM>Settings.
Besurethevirtualmachineisconfiguredtousethevirtualdiskfilesyoumoved
fromtheoriginalhost.YouneedtoconfirmthatthenewdiskssettingsIDEor
SCSIandthefilenameforthefirst.vmdkfilematchthosethatwereusedonthe
originalhostmachine.
ThedevicelistingfortheharddriveshowswhetheritisSCSIorIDE.Ifthatsetting
doesnotmatchthevirtualdiskyouaremoving,selecttheharddiskandclick
Remove.ThenclickAddandusetheAddHardwareWizardtoaddanIDEorSCSI
diskasappropriate.BesuretospecifyIDEorSCSIwhenyoureachtheSelecta
DiskTypescreeninthewizard.
Besurethefilenameandpathforthevirtualdiskmatchtheactualfilenameand
locationforthefirst.vmdkfileusedbythevirtualmachineyouaremoving.
Youcanalwaysmoveadiskinundoablemodebetweenhostoperatingsystemsof
thesamegeneraltype(forexample,betweentwoMicrosoftWindowssystems,or
betweentwoLinuxsystems).Dependinguponhowthediskwasfirstsetup,you
mayhavetoplacethediskanditsredologinadirectorythathasapathname
identicaltothatofthecurrentdirectory.
YoumightbeabletomovethediskinundoablemodebetweenWindowsand
Linuxhostsystems,ormovethedisktoadifferentdirectoryonyourcurrent
system,ifthereisnopathnameinformationinthevirtualmachinesconfiguration
file.
Followthesestepstochecktheconfigurationandseewhetherornotyoucanmove
yourundoablediskwithoutcommittingordiscardingchanges:
1
LaunchaVMwareGSXServer3console.
Ifyouaremovingadiskinundoablemodefromonecomputertoanother
computer,launchaVMwareGSXServer3consoleonthecomputerthatcurrently
hasthedisk.
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141
Opentheconfigurationfileforthevirtualmachinethatusestheundoablemode
diskyouwishtomove.
Intheconsolewindow,selectFile>Openandchoosetheconfigurationfileofthe
virtualmachinewiththediskyouwanttomove.
OpentheConfigurationEditor.ChooseSettings>ConfigurationEditor.
Examinetheentryforyourvirtualdisktoseewhetheritincludesafullpathtothe
firstvirtualdiskfile.Forexample,onaWindowshost,youmightseeadiskfile
listinglikethis:
My Documents\My Virtual Machines\Windows 2000\Windows 2000.vmdk
EntriesforSCSIdisksaresimilar.
Ifyourdiskfileinformationresemblestheexampleabove(withafullpathtothe
firstdiskfile)andyouhavenotcommittedordiscardedchangestotheundoable
disk,thefollowingrulesapply:
!
Youcanmovethedisktoanothercomputerofthesametypeonly(Windows
toWindowsorLinuxtoLinux).Youcannotmovethedisktoacomputerofa
differenttype(WindowstoLinuxorviceversa).
Youmustplacethevirtualmachinesotherfiles(including.vmxand.REDOon
Windows,and.vmxor.cfgand.REDOonLinux)inthesamerelativelocation
onthenewcomputer.Inotherwords,ifthevirtualmachinesfilesresideinMy
Documents\My Virtual Machines\Windows 2000\ ontheoriginalhost
computer,youmustplacetheminthatsamelocationonthenewhost
computer.
Youcannotmovethedisktoanotherdirectoryonthecurrentsystem.
Ifyourdiskfileinformationdoesnotcontainapath,itlookslikethis:
Windows 2000.vmdk
Ifyourdiskentryresemblestheoneabove(justafilenamewitha.vmdkextension),
youcanmovethediskandredologanywhereyouwish.
142
OnWindowshosts,thevirtualmachinefilesshouldbeinalocationonasystem
thatisaccessibletothoseusers.Whenyouconfigurethevirtualmachineinthe
VMware, Inc.
NewVirtualMachineWizard,youcanspecifyalocationforthevirtualmachine
elsewhereonyoursystemoronthenetwork.
!
OnLinuxhosts,permissionsforthevirtualmachinefilesespeciallythe
configurationfile(.vmx)andvirtualdisks(.vmdk)shouldbesetforotherusers
accordingtohowyouwantthemtousethevirtualmachine.Forinstance,ifyou
wantuserstorunavirtualmachinebutnotbeabletomodifyitsconfiguration,do
notmaketheconfigurationfilewritable.
IfyourvirtualmachinewascreatedunderVMwareGSXServeroranother
VMwareproduct(suchasVMwareWorkstation5.x)andusesindependentdisks
innonpersistentmode,considerchangingthelocationoftheredologfile,sinceby
defaultitisplacedinyourTEMPdirectory,towhichotherusersmightnothave
access.Tochangethelocationoftheredologfile,takethefollowingsteps.
a
Withthevirtualmachinepoweredoff,openthevirtualmachinesettings
editor.ChooseVM>Settings.
ClicktheOptionstab.
ClickBrowseandselectadirectorythatissharedwithotherusers.
ClickOKtosavethechangeandclosethevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
Thevirtualmachinemustbelocatedinadirectorywithpermissionssetsothatit
isaccessibletoallusersofthevirtualmachine.
Thevirtualmachinemustnotbeprivate.Formoreinformation,seeOnlyYouCan
SeeVirtualMachinesYouCreateonpage 84.
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144
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ThischapterprovidessuggestionsforgettingthebestperformancefromVMware
Serverandyourvirtualmachines,andcoversthefollowingtopics:
!
ConfiguringandMaintainingtheHostComputeronpage 145
ConfiguringVMwareServeronpage 146
UnderstandingMemoryUsageonpage 154
LocationoftheWorkingDirectoryonpage 145
DefragmentationofDiskDrivesonpage 145
AdequateFreeDiskSpaceonpage 146
NICInterruptsCoalescingonpage 146
145
Thefilesthatholdavirtualdisk
Thefilesthatstorenewlysaveddatawhenyoutakeasnapshot
Thefilesthatholdinformationusedinsuspendingandresumingavirtual
machine
Ifyouareexperiencingslowdiskperformanceinthevirtualmachine,orifyouwantto
improvethespeedofsuspendandresumeoperations,checktobesurethehostdisk
thatholdsthevirtualmachinesworkingdirectoryandvirtualdiskfilesisnotbadly
fragmented.Ifitisfragmented,youcanimproveperformancebyrunninga
defragmentationutilitytoreducefragmentationonthathostdisk.
Virtual Drives
VMwarestronglyrecommendsthatyoudefragmentusingaguestoperating
mechanismbeforetakingthefirstsnapshot.
VMwareServermakesallitschangestotheredolog,nottotheoriginaldisk,whenyou
runadefragmentingprogramontheguestafterasnapshot.Youpermanentlylosethe
abilitytodefragmentinsidetheoriginaldisk.
Everysectorthatmovesiscopiedtotheredolog,makingthevirtualmachineredolog
extremelylargewhenthediskisheavilyfragmentedandyourundefragmentation
afterasnapshot.
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GeneralVMwareServerOptionsonpage 147
VMwareServeronaWindowsHostonpage 151
VMwareServeronaLinuxHostonpage 154
NOTE
InadditiontotheVMwareServerconfigurationoptionsdiscussedinthis
section,youshouldalwaysinstallVMwareToolsinanyguestoperating
systemforwhichaVMwareToolspackageexists.InstallingVMwareTools
providesbettervideoandmouseperformanceandalsogreatlyimprovesthe
usabilityofthevirtualmachine.Fordetails,seeInstallingVMwareTools.
Memory Settings
Makesuretochooseareasonableamountofmemoryforyourvirtualmachine.Many
modernoperatingsystemshaveagrowingneedformemory,soassigningagenerous
amountisbeneficialforthebestvirtualmachineperformance.
Thesameholdstrueforthehostoperatingsystem,especiallyaWindowshost.
TheNewVirtualMachineWizardautomaticallyselectsareasonablestartingpointfor
thevirtualmachinesmemory,butyoumightbeabletoimproveperformanceby
adjustingthesettingsinthevirtualmachinesettingseditor(chooseVM>Settings>
Memory).
Ifyouplantorunonevirtualmachineatatimemostofthetime,agoodstartingpoint
istogivethevirtualmachinehalfthememoryavailableonthehost.
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Adjustingthereservedmemorysettingsmayalsohelp.ChooseHost>Settings>
Memory.
Foradditionalinformation,seeUnderstandingMemoryUsageonpage 154.
Debugging Mode
Youcanconfigureeachvirtualmachinetoruninoneoftwomodesnormalmode
andamodethatprovidesextradebugginginformation.Thedebuggingmodeisslower
thannormalmode.
Fornormaluse,makesurethevirtualmachineisnotrunningindebuggingmode.
ChooseVM>Settings>OptionsandselectAdvanced.UnderSettings,makesurethe
Runwithdebugginginformationcheckboxiscleared.
Youcandisablethepollinginsideyourguestoperatingsystem.Themethodvaries
byoperatingsystem.ForrecentMicrosoftWindowsoperatingsystems,theeasiest
wayistouseTweakUIfromthePowerToysutilities.
ForinformationonfindingTweakUIandinstallingitinyourguestoperating
system,gotohttp://www.microsoft.comandsearchforTweakUI.Specific
instructionsdependonyouroperatingsystem.
AnotherapproachistoconfigureyourvirtualCDROMdrivetobedisconnected
whenthevirtualmachinestarts.Thedriveappearsinthevirtualmachine,butit
alwaysappearstocontainnodisc(andVMwareServerdoesnotconnecttoyour
hostCDROMdrive).
Tomakethischange,gotoVM>Settings.SelecttheDVD/CDROMiteminthe
Devicelist.ThencleartheConnectatPowerOncheckbox.
WhenyouwanttouseaCDROMinthevirtualmachine,gototheVM>
RemovableDevicesmenuandconnecttheCDROMdrive.
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Disk Options
Thevariousdiskoptions(SCSIversusIDE)andtypes(virtualorphysical)affect
performanceinanumberofways.
Overall,SCSCIdisksarefasterthanIDEdisksthatusesdirectmemoryaccess(DMA)
However,incertainsituations,suchassinglethreadeddiskaccess,anIDEdiskthat
usesDMAisasfastasaSCSIdisk.Insideavirtualmachine,SCSIdisksandIDEdisks
thatusedirectmemoryaccess(DMA)haveapproximatelythesameperformance.If
supported,VMwarerecommendsthatyouenableDMAinSCSIdisks.IDEdiskscanbe
veryslowinaguestoperatingsystemthatisnotsettouseDMA.
TheeasiestwaytoconfigureaLinuxguesttouseDMAforIDEdriveaccessistoinstall
VMwareTools(VM>InstallVMwareTools).Amongotherthings,theinstallation
processautomaticallysetsIDEvirtualdrivestouseDMA.
InWindowsServer2003,WindowsXPandWindows2000,DMAaccessisenabledby
default.ThemethodforchangingthesettingvarieswithotherWindowsoperating
systems.Seethefollowingtechnicalnotesfordetails.
!
DiskPerformanceinWindowsNTGuestsonMultiprocessorHosts
Windows95andWindows98GuestOperatingSystemPerformanceTips
Whenasnapshotexists,virtualdisksoftenhaveverygoodperformanceforrandomor
nonsequentialaccess.Buttheycanpotentiallybecomesofragmentedthatperformance
isaffected.Inordertodefragmentthedisk,youmustfirstremovethesnapshot
(Snapshot>RemoveSnapshot).
Whennosnapshotexists,physicaldisksandpreallocatedvirtualdisksbothuseflat
filesthatmimicthesequentialandrandomaccessperformanceoftheunderlyingdisk.
Whenasnapshotexistsandyouhavemadechangessincepoweringonthevirtual
machine,anyaccesstothosechangedfilesperformsatalevelsimilartothe
performanceofavirtualdiskthatdoesnothaveallspaceallocatedinadvance.Ifyou
removethesnapshot,performanceisagainsimilartothatoftheunderlyingdisk.
Overall,ifnosnapshotexistsandyouareusingphysicaldisksorpreallocatedvirtual
disks,youseesomewhatbetterperformancethanthatprovidedbyother
configurations.
Diskwritescanbeslowerforvirtualdisksthatdonothaveallspaceallocatedin
advance.Youcanimproveperformanceforthesedisksbydefragmentingthemfrom
thevirtualmachinesettingseditor.ChooseVM>Settings,selectthediskyouwantto
defragment,thenclickDefragment.
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Snapshots
Ifyoudonotneedtousesnapshots,runyourvirtualmachinewithoutasnapshot.This
providesbestperformance.Tobesureavirtualmachinehasnosnapshot,choose
Snapshot>RemoveSnapshot.
Poweronthevirtualmachine.
Beforerunningorinstallingtheprogramthatwasencounteringproblems,disable
acceleration.
ChooseVM>Settings>Advanced,andcheckDisableacceleration.
ClickOKtosavethechangeandclosethevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
Starttheprogramorruntheinstaller.
Afteryoupassthepointwheretheprogramwasencounteringproblems,returnto
thevirtualmachinesettingseditorandremovethecheckbesideDisable
acceleration.Youmightbeabletoruntheprogramwithaccelerationafteritis
startedorinstalled.
NOTE
150
Disablingaccelerationcanhelpyougetpasttheexecutionproblem,butit
causesthevirtualmachinetorunslowly.Iftheproblemoccursonlyat
startuporduringinstallation,youcanimproveperformancebyresuming
acceleratedoperationaftertheprogramthatwasencounteringproblems
isrunningorisinstalled.
VMware, Inc.
ThePerformanceconsoleisavailableonlyonWindowshosts.Youcannot
monitorperformanceforvirtualmachinesonLinuxhosts.However,youcan
monitortheperformanceofanyguestoperatingsystemontheWindowshost,
includingLinuxguests.
TheVMwareServerperformancecounterscanmonitorthefollowingdatafroma
runningvirtualmachine:
!
Readingandwritingtovirtualdisks
Memoryusedbythevirtualmachine
Virtualnetworktraffic
YoucantrackvirtualmachineperformanceonlywhentheVMwareServerConsoleis
openorwhenavirtualmachineisrunning.Theperformancecountersreflectthestate
ofthevirtualmachine,nottheguestoperatingsystem.Forexample,thecounterscan
recordhowoftentheguestreadsfromavirtualdisk,buttheycannotknowhowmany
processesarerunninginsidetheguest.Anexplanationofeachcounterappearsinthe
Performanceconsole.
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Toaddcounterstotrackvirtualmachineperformance,usetheWindowsPerformance
console.Completethefollowingsteps.
1
ChooseStart>Programs>AdministrativeTools>Performance.ThePerformance
consoleopens.
SelectSystemMonitor,thenclicktheplus(+)signonthetoolbar,orpressCtrl+I.
TheAddCountersdialogboxappears.
InthePerformanceobjectlist,selectVMware.
Decidewhetheryouwanttoaddallcountersorselectoneormorecountersfrom
thelist.
Tousethesecountersforallrunningvirtualmachines,selectAllinstances.Touse
thecountersforspecificvirtualmachines,clickSelectinstancesfromlist,then
selectthevirtualmachinesyouwant.
NOTE
152
Forabriefdescriptionofeachcounter,clickExplain.Whenyouselecta
counterfromthelist,adescriptionappearsbelowtheAddCounters
dialogbox.
VMware, Inc.
ClickAddtoaddthecounterstothePerformanceconsole.
FormoreinformationaboutusingthePerformanceconsole,usetheconsoles
inproducthelporvisittheMicrosoftWebsite.
Youseethemostnoticeableimprovementusingfullscreenmodewhenthe
guestisinVGAmode.VGAmodeisanymodeinwhichthescreenisintext
mode(DOS,forexample,orLinuxvirtualterminals),or16color640x480
graphicsmode(forexample,theWindows95orWindows98cloudsboot
screen,oranyguestoperatingsystemthatisrunningwithouttheSVGA
driverprovidedbyVMwareTools).
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153
TheitemsinthissectiondescribeperformanceofVMwareServeronaLinux
host.FortipsonconfiguringVMwareServeronaWindowshost,see
VMwareServeronaWindowsHostonpage 151.
Youseethemostnoticeableimprovementusingfullscreenmodewhenthe
guestisinVGAmode.VGAmodeisanymodeinwhichthescreenisintext
mode(DOS,forexample,orLinuxvirtualterminals),or16color640x480
graphicsmode(forexample,theWindows95orWindows98cloudsboot
screen,oranyguestoperatingsystemthatisrunningwithouttheSVGA
driverprovidedbyVMwareTools).
OnaLinuxhost,fullscreenVGAmodeusestheunderlyingvideocarddirectly,so
graphicsperformanceisquiteclosetothatofthehost.Bycontrast,windowmodeVGA
requiresmorecomputerresourcestoemulatethanwindowmodeSVGA.Asaresult,if
youneedtorunforanextendedperiodoftimeinVGAmode(forexample,whenyou
areinstallinganoperatingsystemusingagraphicalinstaller)youshouldseea
significantperformanceboostifyouruninfullscreenmode.
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Byadjustingthesesettings,youcanaffectbothvirtualmachineandoverallsystem
performance.
ThefollowingsectionsdescribehowVMwareServerusesthememoryconfiguration
parameterstomanagevirtualmachinesandsystemmemoryproperly.
!
MemoryUseontheHostonpage 155
SpecifyingHowMuchRAMisUsedbyAllRunningVirtualMachineson
page 155
MemoryUsageonOlderLinuxHostsonpage 157
Forinformationonmemoryuseforaspecificvirtualmachine,seeAllocatingMemory
toaVirtualMachine.
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155
thehostoperatingsystemcannotusethismemoryitselforallowotherapplicationsto
useit.
Additional Amount of
Overhead Needed
Upto512MB
Upto54MB
Upto1000MB
Upto62MB
Upto2000MB
Upto79MB
Upto3600MB
Upto105MB
TheamountofRAMactuallyusedforaparticularvirtualmachinevariesasavirtual
machineruns.Ifmultiplevirtualmachinesrunsimultaneously,theyworktogetherto
managethememory.
TherecommendedamountofRAMtospecifyforallrunningvirtualmachinesis
calculatedonthebasisofthehostcomputersphysicalmemoryandisdisplayedinthe
memorysettingsslidercontrolHost>Settings>Memory.IfyouwantVMware
Servertousemoreorlessphysicalmemory,usethisslidertochangetheamount.
Ifyousetthisvaluetoohigh,thehostmaythrashwhenotherapplicationsarerunon
thehost.Ifyousetthisvaluetoolow,virtualmachinesmayperformpoorlyandyou
cannotrunasmanyvirtualmachinesatonce.
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VMware, Inc.
Tochangethissetting,chooseHost>Settings>Memoryandchooseanoptionunder
Additionalmemory.
Selectoneofthefollowingoptions:
!
FitallvirtualmachinememoryintoreservedhostRAMStrictlyapplythe
reservedmemorylimitsetinthetopofthedialogbox.Thissettingimposesthe
tightestrestrictionsonthenumberandmemorysizeofvirtualmachinesthatmay
runatagiventime.BecausethevirtualmachinesarerunningentirelyinRAM,
theyhavethebestpossibleperformance.
AllowsomevirtualmachinememorytobeswappedAllowthehostoperating
systemtoswapamoderateamountofvirtualmachinememorytodiskifnecessary.
Thissettingallowsyoutoincreasethenumberormemorysizeofvirtualmachines
thatcanrunonthehostcomputeratagiventime.Itmayalsoresultinreduced
performanceifvirtualmachinememorymustbeshiftedbetweenRAManddisk.
AllowmostvirtualmachinememorytobeswappedAllowthehostoperating
systemtoswapasmuchvirtualmachinememorytodiskasitwants.Thissetting
allowsyoutorunevenmorevirtualmachineswithevenmorememorythanthe
intermediatesettingdoes.Inthiscase,too,performancemaybelowerifvirtual
machinememorymustbeshiftedbetweenRAManddisk.
Ifyoutrytopoweronavirtualmachineandthereisnotenoughmemoryavailable,
VMwareServerdisplaysawarningmessage.Themessageshowshowmuchmemory
thevirtualmachineisconfiguredtouseandhowmuchmemoryisavailable.Youcan
trytopoweronthevirtualmachineusingtheavailablememorybyclickingOK.Ifyou
donotwanttopoweronthevirtualmachine,clickCancel.
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Upgradetoa2.4.xserieskernelthatallowsformorephysicalmemory.
Recompileyourkernelasa2GBkernelusingtheCONFIG_2GBoption.
EnabletheCONFIG_BIGMEMoptiontomapmorephysicalmemory.(This
approachrequiresspecialsteps,describedindetailintheWorkaroundssection
below,toworkwithVMwareproducts.)
RecompilingyourkernelwithCONFIG_2GBenabledallowsLinuxtosupportnearly
2GBofphysicalmemorybydividingtheaddressspaceintoa2GBusersectionand2GB
kernelsection(asopposedtothenormaldivisionof3GBforuserand1GBforkernel).
ThethirdapproachusestheCONFIG_BIGMEMoptioninLinux.Withthe
CONFIG_BIGMEMoptionenabled,thekerneldoesnotdirectlyaddressallofphysical
memoryanditcanthenmap1GB(or2GB)ofphysicalmemoryintotheaddressspace
atatime.Thisallowstheuseofallofphysicalmemoryatthecostofchangingthe
semanticsthekernelusestomapvirtualtophysicaladdresses.However,VMware
productsexpectphysicalmemorytobemappeddirectlyinthekernelsaddressspace
andthusdonotworkproperlywiththeCONFIG_BIGMEMoptionenabled.
Workarounds
Ifyouareusinga1GBkernelwithCONFIG_BIGMEMenabledandhave960MBto
1983MBofmemory,VMwareServerdoesnotrun.Toworkaroundthisissue,youcan:
!
Recompilethekernelasa2GBkernelbyenablingtheCONFIG_2GBoption.This
allowsfor100percentuseofphysicalmemory.
Passtheboottimeswitchmem=959MattheLILOprompt,oraddittolilo.conf,to
disableCONFIG_BIGMEMandthusallowyoutorunVMwareServer.Todothis:
TopasstheswitchattheLILOprompt,type
linux-2.2.16xxx mem=959M
Toeditlilo.conf,openthefileinatexteditor.Inthekernelsection,addthisline:
append mem="959M"
Ifyouhavea1GBkernelwithCONFIG_BIGMEMenabledandhavemorethan1983MB
ofmemory,youcandooneofthefollowing:
!
Recompilethekernelasa2GBkernelbyenablingtheCONFIG_2GBoptionand
eitherpasstheboottimeswitchmem=1983MattheLILOpromptoradditto
lilo.conf.Tousetheswitch:
TopasstheswitchattheLILOprompt,type
linux-2.2.16xxx mem=1983M
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Toeditlilo.conf,openthefileinatexteditor.Inthekernelsection,addthisline:
append mem="1983M"
!
Passtheboottimeswitchmem=959MattheLILOpromptoraddittolilo.confto
disableCONFIG_BIGMEM.Tousetheswitch:
TopasstheswitchattheLILOprompt,type
linux-2.2.16xxx mem=959M
Toeditlilo.conf,openthefileinatexteditor.Inthekernelsection,addthisline:
append mem="959M"
Ifyouareusinga2GBkernelwithCONFIG_BIGMEMenabledandhave1984MBor
morememory,VMwareServerdoesnotrun.Youcaneitherpasstheboottimeswitch
mem=1983MattheLILOprompt,oraddittolilo.conftodisableCONFIG_BIGMEM
andthusallowyoutorunVMwareServer.Tousetheswitch:
TopasstheswitchattheLILOprompt,type
linux-2.2.16xxx mem=1983M
Toeditlilo.conf,openitinatexteditor.Inthekernelsection,addthisline:
append mem="1983M"
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Using High-Availability
Configurations
C HAPTER 7
ThischapterdescribesusinghighavailabilityconfigurationswithVMwareServerand
coversthefollowingtopics:
!
UsingSCSIReservationtoShareSCSIDiskswithVirtualMachinesonpage 161
OverviewofClusteringwithVMwareServeronpage 165
CreatingaClusterinaBoxonpage 167
UsingNetworkLoadBalancingwithVMwareServeronpage 175
CreatingTwoNodeClustersUsingNovellClusteringServicesonpage 179
ClusteringUsingtheiSCSIProtocolonpage 183
VMware, Inc.
AlthoughgrowablevirtualdisksandphysicaldiskscanbeusedwithSCSI
reservation,suchuseisconsideredexperimentalandshouldnotbeattempted
inaproductionenvironment.Onlytheuseofpreallocatedvirtualdisksisfully
supportedwithSCSIreservation.Whenyoucreateanewvirtualmachine,or
addanewvirtualdisktoanexistingvirtualmachine,VMwareServercreates
apreallocatedvirtualdiskbydefault.
161
NOTE
Thisfeatureisadvanced.UseitonlyifyouarefamiliarwithSCSIingeneral
andtheSCSIreservationprotocolinparticular.
ThefollowingsectionsdescribehowtouseSCSIreservationtosharedisksamong
multiplevirtualmachines.
!
SCSIReservationSupportonpage 162
EnablingSCSIReservationonpage 162
IssuestoConsiderWhenSharingDisksonpage 164
YoucanenableSCSIreservationforSCSIvirtualandphysicaldisks.Noothertype
ofSCSIdevicescanuseSCSIreservationinavirtualmachine.Specifically,you
cannotenableSCSIreservationforaSCSIdiskthatisconfiguredasagenericSCSI
device.FormoreinformationaboutgenericSCSI,seeConnectingtoaGeneric
SCSIDevice.
NOTE
VMwareServersupportsSCSIreservationwhenusedwithpreallocated
virtualdisks.SupportforSCSIreservationwithgrowablevirtualdisks
andphysicaldisksisconsideredexperimental.Forhighavailability
configurations,useSCSIreservationwithpreallocatedvirtualdisks.
SCSIdiskscanbesharedusingSCSIreservationamongvirtualmachinesrunning
onthesamehost.Thismeansthattheconfigurationfilesforthevirtualmachines
mustallbelocatedonthesameVMwareServerhost.However,thediskordisks
thevirtualmachinesaresharingcanbelocatedremotelyonadifferenthost.
ASCSIvirtualdiskcanbelocatedonahostwithanytypeofharddisk(for
example,IDE,SCSIorSATA).AsharedphysicaldiskmustalwaysbeaSCSIdisk.
VMwareServervirtualmachinescurrentlysupportonlytheSCSI2diskprotocol,
andnotapplicationsusingSCSI3diskreservations.Allpopularclustering
software(includingMSCSandVCS)currentlyuseSCSI2reservations.
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operatingsystemisonthescsi0bus,youshouldsetupdiskstoshareonthenext
availablebus,typicallythescsi1bus.
Sharingresourcesusingtwoseparatebuses(forexample,dataonSCSI1:0andquorum
onSCSI2:0)causestheconfigurationfiletobecomeinvalid,andyoucannotbootthe
virtualmachine.
ToenableSCSIreservation,makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.Openthe
configurationfile(.vmx)inatexteditorandaddtheline:
scsi<x>.sharedBus = "virtual"
anywhereinthefile,where<x>istheSCSIbusbeingshared.
Forexample,toenableSCSIreservationfordevicesonthescsi1bus,addthefollowing
linetothevirtualmachinesconfigurationfile:
scsi1.sharedBus = "virtual"
Thisallowsthewholebustobesharedandisquickerthanspecifyingeachdisk
separately.However,ifyoudonotwanttosharethewholebus,youcanselectively
enableSCSIreservationforaspecificSCSIdiskonthesharedbus.Forexample,ifyou
wanttoshareaSCSIdisklocatedatscsi1:1,addthefollowinglinetothe
configurationfile:
scsi1:1.shared = "true"
YoumustspecifythesameSCSItarget(thatis,scsi<x>:1)intheconfigurationfilefor
eachvirtualmachinethatisgoingtosharethedisk.
IfSCSIreservationisenabledforthewholebus(thatis,scsi1.sharedBusissetto
"virtual"),thissettingisignored.
InadditiontoenablingSCSIreservationonthebus,youneedtoallowvirtualmachines
toaccesstheshareddiskconcurrently.Addthefollowinglinetothevirtualmachines
configurationfile:
disk.locking = "false"
Thispreventsthelockingofthatdisk,whichpermitsmultiplevirtualmachinesto
accessadiskconcurrently.Becarefulthough:ifanyvirtualmachinenotconfiguredfor
SCSIreservationtriestoaccessthisdiskconcurrently,theshareddiskisvulnerableto
corruptionordataloss.
CAUTION
Thissettingappliestoalldisksinthevirtualmachine.
WhenSCSIreservationisenabled,thesystemcreatesareservationlockfilethat
containsthesharedstateofthereservationforthegivendisk.Thenameofthisfile
consistsofthefilenameoftheSCSIdiskappendedwith.RESLCK.
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Forexample,ifthediskscsi1:0.filenameisdefinedintheconfigurationfileas
scsi1:0.fileName = "/<path_to_config>/vmSCSI.vmdk"
thereservationlockfileforthisdiskhasthedefaultname
/<path_to_config>/vmSCSI.vmdk.RESLCK
Youcanprovideyourownlockfilename.Addadefinitionforscsi1:0.reslcknameto
theconfigurationfile.Forexample,ifyouadd
scsi1:0.reslckname = "/tmp/scsi1-0.reslock"
totheconfigurationfile,thisnameoverridesthedefaultlockfilename.
CAUTION
Usethesamelockfilename(forexample,"/tmp/scsi1-0.reslock")for
eachvirtualmachineinthecluster.YoumustalsousethesameSCSI
targetforeachvirtualmachinewhenyoudefinescsi1:0.reslckname.
However,theSCSIbus(scsi1inthiscase)doesnotneedtobethesame.
AfterSCSIreservationisenabledforadiskthatis,thescsi<x>.sharedBus =
"virtual"anddisk.locking ="false"settingsareaddedtotheconfigurationfilefor
eachvirtualmachinewantingtosharethisdiskyouneedtopointeachvirtual
machinetothisdisk.
Toaddavirtualdisktoavirtualmachine,seeAddingVirtualDiskstoaVirtual
Machine.
164
Donottrytoshareadiskamongmultiplerunningvirtualmachinesthatarenot
collocatedonthesamehost.Thediskfileitselfcanbelocatedremotely,butthe
virtualmachinesmustberunningtogetheronthesameVMwareServerhost.If
youtrytoshareadiskamongvirtualmachineslocatedondifferenthosts,data
couldbecorruptedorlost.
DonotshareadiskonSCSIbus0.Thisbusisusuallyusedforthebootdisk.Ifyou
sharethebootdisk,youruntheriskofcorruptingit,asthebootprogramisnot
awarethatthediskisbeingsharedandcanwritetothediskregardlessofwhether
ornotitisbeingshared.ItisfarmoresecuretouseSCSIreservationonadatadisk
locatedonadifferentbus.
Ifonlyonerunningvirtualmachineisusingagivendisk,anditisrunning
applicationsthatdonotuseSCSIreservation,thedisksperformancemightbe
degradedslightly.
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Atthistime,ifonevirtualmachinedoesnothaveSCSIreservationenabledforits
virtualdisk,butanothervirtualmachinedoeshaveSCSIreservationenabledfor
thesamevirtualdisk,VMwareServerdoesallowthedisktobeshared.However,
anyvirtualmachinenotconfiguredforSCSIreservationthattriestoaccessthis
diskconcurrentlycancausecorruptionordatalossontheshareddisk.VMware
recommendsyoutakecarewhensharingdisks.
Ifyouneedtoshrinkordefragmentthevirtualdisk(whichcanbedoneonlywith
agrowablevirtualdisk),firstdisableSCSIreservationandmakesurethevirtual
diskisnotbeingusedbyanyothervirtualmachine.
TodisableSCSIreservationforallSCSIdisksinavirtualmachine,openthe
configurationfileandcommentoutorremovethescsi<x>.sharedBus =
"virtual"lineandmakesurethedisk.lockinglineissetto"true".
TodisableSCSIreservationforonlyaspecificSCSIdiskonasharedbus,change
thescsi<x>:<y>.shared = "true"lineintheconfigurationfileto
scsi<x>:<y>.shared = "false".Youcanalsocommentouttheline.
InaWindowsvirtualmachine,somediskerrorsarerecordedintheWindows
eventloginnormaloperation.Theseerrormessageshaveaformatsimilarto
"The driver detected a controller error on \Device\Scsi\BusLogic3"
Theerrorsshouldappearinthelogperiodicallyonlyonthepassivenodeofthe
clusterandshouldalsoappearwhenthepassivenodeistakingoverduringa
failover.Theerrorsareloggedbecausetheactivenodeoftheclusterhasreserved
thesharedvirtualdisk.Thepassivenodeperiodicallyprobestheshareddiskand
receivesaSCSIreservationconflicterror.
Alwaysrigorouslytestandreviewyourclusterbeforedeployingitina
productionenvironment.
Thissectionincludes:
!
ApplicationsThatCanUseClusteringonpage 166
ClusteringSoftwareonpage 166
Clusteringprovidesaservicethroughagroupofserverstogethighavailability,
scalability,orboth.
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Forexample:
!
InaWebserverclusterwheretheWebsiteservesstaticcontent,agateway
distributesrequeststoallnodesaccordingtoload.Thegatewayalsoredirects
requeststoremainingnodesifonecrashes.
Thisconfigurationincreasesavailabilityandperformanceoverasinglemachine
approach.NetworkLoadBalancinginWindows2000andWindowsServer2003
providessuchaservice.
Inamorecomplexcluster,asinglenodemightserveadatabase.Ifthatnode
crashes,itmustrestartthedatabaseonanothernode.Thedatabaseapplication
knowshowtorecoverfromacrash.Innormaloperation,othernodesrunother
applications.
MicrosoftClusterServiceandVeritasClusterServiceprovidesuchaservice.
Inatypicalvirtualmachinecluster:
!
Eachvirtualmachineisonenodeinthecluster.
Disksaresharedbetweennodes.
Shareddisksareneedediftheapplicationusesdynamicdataasmailserversor
databaseserversdo.
Whenusingvirtualdisks,youmustpreallocatethediskspaceatthetimeyou
createthevirtualdisk.
Extranetworkconnectionsbetweennodesformonitoringheartbeatstatusare
available.
Amethodforredirectingincomingrequestsisavailable.
Clustering Software
Availableclusteringsoftwareincludes:
!
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MicrosoftClusteringService(MSCS)underWindows2000,MSCSprovides
failoversupportfortwotofournodeclustersforapplicationssuchasdatabases,
VMware, Inc.
fileservers,andmailservers.UnderWindowsServer2003,MSCSprovides
failoversupportforeightnodeclusters.
!
MicrosoftNetworkLoadBalancing(NLB)balancestheloadofincomingIP
trafficacrossaclusterofupto32nodesforapplicationssuchasWebserversand
terminalservices.
VeritasClusteringService(VCS).
NovellClusteringServices.
NOTE
TheseclusteringservicesaretestedandsupportedbyVMwareonlywith
Windowshostoperatingsystems.
NOTE
WhenyouuseVMwareServervirtualmachinesinacluster,youmust
turnoffdiskcachingforeachvirtualmachinethatisamemberofthe
cluster.Ifyoudonotturnoffdataontheshareddrivemightbecome
corrupted.Toturnoffdiskcachingopentheconfiguration.vmxfileof
eachvirtualmachineinatexteditorandaddthefollowingline:
diskLib.dataCaheMaxSize = 0
Whenyouconfigureacluster,theabilitytotakesnapshotsisdisabledin
virtualmachinesinthecluster.
Thistypeofcluster:
!
Consistsofmultiplevirtualmachines(nodes)onasinglephysicalmachine.
SupportsshareddiskswithoutanysharedSCSIhardware.
Supportsaheartbeatnetworkwithoutanextraphysicalnetworkadapter.
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167
ConfiguringVirtualMachinesforClusterinaBoxonpage 168
CreatingaTwoNodeClusterwithMicrosoftClusteringServicesonpage 169
168
AprimaryvirtualSCSIhostadapterwithoneSCSIvirtualdisk.
Twovirtualnetworkadapters:
!
ApublicnetworkadapterbridgedtoaphysicaladaptereitherusingVMnet0,
orVMnet28asconfiguredinthevirtualmachinesettingseditorofthe
VMwareServermachine.
AprivatenetworkadapterconnectedtoVMnet1(hostonly),oranother
physicaladapter(VMnet2throughVMnet8).Thisisthenetworkadapterthat
theclusteringserviceusestomonitortheheartbeatbetweennodes.This
deviceselectionmustmatchinallvirtualmachinesinaclusterset.
VMware, Inc.
Theremainingdefaultvirtualmachinedevices(suchastheCDROMdriveandthe
floppydiskdrive).
Inadditiontotheabovedevices,thefollowingarerequiredforsharedstorage:
!
AsecondaryvirtualSCSIhostadapter.
Oneormorepreallocatedvirtualdisksthatareshared,attachedtothesecondary
SCSIhostadapter.
NotethefollowingaboutvirtualPCIslotsinthevirtualmachines:
!
EachvirtualmachinebydefaulthassixPCIslotsavailable.
Thisconfiguration(twonetworkadaptersandtwoSCSIhostbusadapters)uses
fouroftheseslots.
OnemorePCIslotisavailableforathirdnetworkadapterifneeded.(Thesixthslot
isusedbythevirtualdisplayadapter.)
IfthevirtualmachinesbootpartitionisonanIDEvirtualdisk,thepartition
occupiesoneofthePCIslots.
SQL1=hostnameofnode1ofthecluster
SQL2=hostnameofnode2ofthecluster
SQLCLUSTER=publichostnameofthecluster
Thevirtualdisksusedtostoretheoperatingsystemandclusteringsoftware
foreachvirtualmachine(node)intheclusterdonothavetobepreallocated
virtualdisks.
LogontoyourVMwareServerhostastheuserwhowillownthevirtualmachine.
LaunchaVMwareServerConsoleandcreateanewvirtualmachine(for
informationoncreatinganewvirtualmachine,seeCreatingaNewVirtual
VMware, Inc.
169
Machine).FollowtheCustompath.Choosethesettingsyouwant(forexample,
thesizeofthevirtualdiskortheamountofmemory),butmakesureyouspecify
!
Windows2000AdvancedServerorWindowsServer2003EnterpriseEdition
astheguestoperatingsystem.
SQL1asthevirtualmachinename.
Thevirtualmachinedirectoryasd:\cluster\SQL1(onaWindowshost)or
/home/cluster/SQL1(onaLinuxhost).
Bridgednetworkingforthevirtualmachine.
SQL1asthediskfilename.
Openthevirtualmachinesettingseditor.ChooseVM>Settings.
Addanewnetworkadapterthatuseseitheranotherexternaladapterorthe
VMnet1hostonlyadapter.(Forcompleteisolationfromthehost,youcanalsouse
anyunusedvirtualEthernetswitch,typicallyVMnet2throughVMnet7.)For
information,seeAddingandModifyingVirtualNetworkAdapters.
ThisadapterisusedasthevirtualprivateEthernetconnectionforheartbeat
monitoring.
Addthetwovirtualdisksthataretobeshared:
!
Ashareddatadisk(callitdata.vmdk,forexample)
Asharedquorumdisk(callitquorum.vmdk,forexample)tostoretransactions
beforetheyarecommittedtothedatadisk
Forinformation,seeAddingVirtualDiskstoaVirtualMachine.
6
ClickOKtosaveyourchangesandclosethevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
Usingatexteditor,manuallyedittheconfigurationfile
d:\cluster\SQL1\SQL1.vmx(onaWindowshost)or/home/cluster/SQL1/SQL1.vmx
(onaLinuxhost).
Addthefollowinglinestotheconfigurationfile:
scsi1.sharedBus = virtual
disk.locking = "false"
ThisenablesSCSIreservation,whichisdescribedinmoredetailinthesection
UsingSCSIReservationtoShareSCSIDiskswithVirtualMachinesonpage 161.
Youarefinishedcreatingthevirtualmachineforthefirstnodeinyourcluster.Thenext
stepistoinstallaguestoperatingsysteminthevirtualmachine.
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VMware, Inc.
Installing the Guest Operating System in the First Virtual Machine (Node)
ForinformationoninstallingWindows2000AdvancedServerorWindowsServer2003
EnterpriseEditioninthevirtualmachine,seetheVMwareGuestOperatingSystem
InstallationGuide.ItisavailablefromtheVMwareWebsiteat
http://www.vmware.com/support/guestnotes/doc/index.html.
NOTE
Duringtheinstallationoftheguestoperatingsystem,donotinstallthe
clusteringservices.
Whentheinstallationiscomplete,installVMwareToolsintheguestoperatingsystem.
SeeInstallingVMwareTools.
AfteryoufinishinstallingtheguestoperatingsystemandVMwareTools,clonethe
virtualmachine.(Later,youcreatethesecondclusternodeusingtheclone.)
To clone the first virtual machine node
1
Runsysprep.exe,whichisavailableontheWindowsCDinthefile
\support\tools\deploy.cab(orfromtheMicrosoftWebsite).
Thesysprep.exeutilityremovesthesecurityIDassignedtotheguestoperating
system,resetsthemachineinformationandresetstheTCP/IPnetwork
configuration.
Shutdowntheguestoperatingsystemandpoweroffthevirtualmachine.
CreateadirectorynamedSQL2undertheclusterdirectory.
CopytheSQL1*.vmdkfilesintothisdirectory.
UsetheVMwareVirtualDiskManagertochangethenameofthevirtualdiskto
SQL2*.vmdk.Atacommandprompt,type:
vmware-vdiskmanager -n SQL1.vmdk SQL2.vmdk
Formoreinformationaboutthevirtualdiskmanager,seeUsingVMwareVirtual
DiskManager.
Youarefinishedcloningthefirstnode.Youarenowreadytocreatethesecondnodein
theclusterusingtheclone.
To create the second node in the cluster from the clone of the first node
1
LogontoyourVMwareServerhostastheuserwhowillownthevirtualmachine.
LaunchaVMwareServerConsoleandcreateanewvirtualmachine(for
informationoncreatinganewvirtualmachine,seeCreatingaNewVirtual
MachinewiththeVirtualMachineWizard).Choosethesettingsyouwant(for
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171
example,thesizeofthevirtualdiskortheamountofmemory),butmakesureyou
specify:
!
Windows2000AdvancedServerorWindowsServer2003EnterpriseEdition
astheguestoperatingsystem.
SQL2asthevirtualmachinename.
Thevirtualmachinedirectoryasd:\cluster\SQL2(onaWindowshost)or
/home/cluster/SQL2(onaLinuxhost).
Bridgednetworkingforthevirtualmachine.
Touseanexistingvirtualdisk,clickBrowseandselectSQL2.vmdk.
Openthevirtualmachinesettingseditor.ChooseVM>Settings.
Addanewnetworkadapterthatuseseitheranotherexternaladapterorthe
VMnet1hostonlyadapter.Forinformation,seeAddingandModifyingVirtual
NetworkAdapters.
Addthetwovirtualdisks(quorum.vmdkanddata.vmdk)youpreviouslycreated.
Forinformation,seeAddingVirtualDiskstoaVirtualMachine.Makesureyou
selectUseanexistingvirtualdiskandbrowsetoquorum.vmdkanddata.vmdk.
ClickOKtosaveyoursettingsandclosethevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
Usingatexteditor,manuallyedittheconfigurationfile
d:\cluster\SQL2\SQL2.vmx(onaWindowshost)or/home/cluster/SQL2/SQL2.vmx
(onaLinuxhost).
Addthefollowinglinestothebottomoftheconfigurationfile:
scsi1.sharedBus = virtual
disk.locking = "false"
ThisenablesSCSIreservation,whichisdescribedinmoredetailinUsingSCSI
ReservationtoShareSCSIDiskswithVirtualMachinesonpage 161.
Intheconsole,verifythatbothvirtualmachinesarepoweredoff.
Youarefinishedcreatingthesecondnode.
Nowthatyouhavevirtualmachinesforbothnodesinyourtwonodecluster,youare
readytoinstalltheclusteringservicessoftware.
To install Microsoft Clustering Services on the Cluster Nodes
172
Startthenode1virtualmachine.
FollowtheWindowssetuppromptstoenter
VMware, Inc.
TheWindowsserialnumber.
Thehostname(SQL1).
TheIPaddressesofthepublicandprivatenetworkadapters.
NOTE
Forthepublicnetworkadapter,enteranIPaddressthatbelongstothe
physicalnetwork.FortheprivateIPaddress,youcanuseanaddresslike
192.168.x.xwithaclassCsubnetmask(255.255.255.0).
Attheendoftheprocess,Windowsreboots.
StarttheDiskManagementtoolandchangebothshareddiskstoBasicdisks.
FormatbothsharedvirtualdiskswithNTFSiftheyarenotalreadyformatted.
AssignthefirstshareddisktoQ:(quorum)andtheseconddisktoR:(data).
IfyouhavejoinedthisvirtualmachinetoanexistingActiveDirectorydomain,
skiptostep11.
Rundcpromo.exefromthecommandprompt.ThisstartstheActiveDirectory
Wizard.
Setupthecurrentmachineasadomaincontroller.Forthedomainname,use
somethingsimilarto<vmcluster>.<domain.com>where<domain.com>isyourDNS
domainand<vmcluster>isyourActiveDirectorydomain.
Youcansetupthisnodeasanewdomaintreeoranewdomainforest,orjoinitto
anexistingdomaintreeorforest.
MakesuretheDNSserverisinstalled.
10
Setthedomainpermissionsasmixedmodeunlessyouplanotherwise.
11
Toaddaclusterservicesaccountinthedomain,gotoPrograms>Administrative
Tools>ActiveDirectoryUsersandComputers.
12
Addaclusterserviceaccountnamedcluster:
!
Entertheuserspassword.
ChecktheUsercannotchangepasswordcheckbox.
CheckthePasswordneverexpirescheckbox.
13
InserttheWindowsCDintheCDROMdrive.
14
ChooseControlPanel>Add/RemovePrograms.
15
SelectAdd/RemoveWindowsComponents.
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173
16
ChecktheClusterServicecomponent.
17
ClickNextandfollowthepromptstoinstalltheservice.
18
Asyouconfiguretheclusterservice,chooseFormaNewCluster.
19
SpecifySQLCLUSTERastheclustername.
20
Specifytheclusterserviceaccountcreatedinstep12.
21
Specifythatbothshareddisksshouldbemanagedbytheclusterservice.
22
Indicatetheshareddisk(Q:)tobethequorumdisk.
23
Specifywhichnetworkadapterispublicandwhichisprivate.
24
SpecifytheclusterIPaddress.Thisistheaddressthatrepresentsthecluster.It
mustbeonthesamenetworkasthephysicalEthernetdevice.
25
Stoptheclusterserviceonthelocalnode(node1)sothatthesecondvirtual
machine(node2)canaccesstheshareddisks.
!
FromClusterManager,rightclickthenodename.
SelectStopClusterService.
YouarefinishedinstallingMicrosoftClusteringServicesonthefirstnode.Thestepsto
installthesoftwareonthesecondnodearesimilar.
1
Startthenode2virtualmachine.
Repeatstep2andstep3intheprocedureforthefirstnode.
StarttheDiskManagementtoolandassignthefirstshareddisktoQ:(quorum)and
theseconddisktoR:(data).
Startdcpromo.exeandaddthisvirtualmachineasadomaincontrollerinthesame
domaincreatedinstep8forthefirstnode,oraddittoanexistingdomain.
NOTE
174
Thesetupinnode2mustmatchthesetupinnode1,whichyouspecified
instep8fornode1.
Inthenode1virtualmachine,starttheclusterservice.
!
FromClusterManager,rightclickthenodename.
SelectStartClusterService.
Inthenode2virtualmachine,repeatstep14throughstep24inToinstall
MicrosoftClusteringServicesontheClusterNodesonpage 172,withone
exception:instep18,selectJoinaCluster.
VMware, Inc.
Youarenowfinishedconfiguringthecluster.
OverviewofNetworkLoadBalancingClustersonpage 175
CreatingaMultinodeNetworkLoadBalancingClusteronpage 175
YoucanenhancetheavailabilityofInternetserverprograms,suchasthoseusedon
thesetypesofservers:
!
Web
Proxy
Domainnameservice(DNS)
FTP
Virtualprivatenetwork(VPN)
Streamingmediaservers
Terminalservices
Youcanscaleyourserversperformance.
Youcancreatetheclusterwithvirtualmachinesonthesamephysicalserveror
withvirtualmachinesonmultiplephysicalservers(allrunningVMwareServer).
Youcanconfigureupto32nodesinthecluster.
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175
LogontoyourVMwareServerhostastheuserwhowillownthevirtualmachine.
LaunchaVMwareServerConsoleandcreateanewvirtualmachine(for
informationoncreatinganewvirtualmachine,seeCreatingaNewVirtual
Machine).Choosethesettingsyouwant(forexample,thesizeofthevirtualdisk
ortheamountofmemory),butmakesureyouspecify
!
Windows2000AdvancedServerorWindowsServer2003EnterpriseEdition
astheguestoperatingsystem.
NLB1asthevirtualmachinename.
Thevirtualmachinedirectoryasd:\cluster\nlb1(onaWindowshost)or
/home/cluster/nlb1(onaLinuxhost).
Bridgednetworkingforthevirtualmachine.
nlb1asthediskfilename.
ConnecttothisvirtualmachinewiththeVMwareServerConsoleandchooseVM
>Settings.
Addasecondnetworkingdevice,bindingittoanotherphysicalNICortothe
hostonlynetwork.
Youarefinishedcreatingthefirstvirtualmachine(node)inthecluster.Thenextstepis
toinstallaguestoperatingsysteminthevirtualmachine.
Installing the Guest Operating System in the First Virtual Machine (Node)
ForinformationoninstallingWindows2000AdvancedServerorWindowsServer2003
EnterpriseEditioninthevirtualmachine,seetheVMwareGuestOperatingSystem
InstallationGuide.ItisavailablefromtheVMwareWebsiteat
http://www.vmware.com/support/guestnotes/doc/index.html.
NOTE
Duringtheinstallationoftheguestoperatingsystem,donotinstallthe
clusteringservices.
Whentheinstallationiscomplete,installVMwareToolsintheguestoperatingsystem.
SeeInstallingVMwareTools.
AfteryoufinishinstallingtheguestoperatingsystemandVMwareTools,clonethe
virtualmachine.(Later,youcreatethesecondclusternodeusingtheclone.)
Youarefinishedcreatingthefirstclusternode.Youcannowclonethatnodeforusein
creatingothernodes.
176
VMware, Inc.
Runsysprep.exe,whichisavailableontheWindowsCDinthefile
\support\tools\deploy.caborfromtheMicrosoftWebsite.
Thesysprep.exeutilityremovesthesecurityIDassignedtotheguestoperating
system,resetsthemachineinformation,andresetstheTCP/IPnetwork
configuration.
Shutdowntheguestoperatingsystemandpoweroffthevirtualmachine.
Createadirectorynlb2undertheclusterdirectory,eitheronthelocalserveroron
differentmachinesrunningVMwareServer.
Copythenlb1*.vmdkfilesintothisdirectory.
UsetheVMwareVirtualDiskManagertochangethenameofthevirtualdiskto
nlb<n>.vmdk(where<n>istheNetworkLoadBalancingnodenumber).Ata
commandprompt,type:
vmware-vdiskmanager -n nlb1.vmdk nlb<n>.vmdk
Formoreinformationaboutthevirtualdiskmanager,seeUsingVMwareVirtual
DiskManager.
Repeatstep3throughstep5foreachadditionalnodeyouwanttocreate,eitheronthe
samephysicalserver,oronadditionalmachinesrunningVMwareServer.Youcan
configureupto32nodeswithNetworkLoadBalancing.
Whenyouarefinishedmakingclonesofthefirstnode,youarereadytocreate
additionalnodesfromtheclones.
LogontoyourVMwareServerhostastheuserwhowillownthevirtualmachine.
LaunchaVMwareServerConsoleandcreateanewvirtualmachine(for
informationoncreatinganewvirtualmachine,seeCreatingaNewVirtual
Machine).Choosethesettingsyouwant(forexample,thesizeofthevirtualdisk
ortheamountofmemory),exceptyoushouldspecify
!
VMware, Inc.
Windows2000AdvancedServerorWindowsServer2003EnterpriseEdition
astheguestoperatingsystem.
177
nlb2asthevirtualmachinename.
NOTE
Foreachadditionalnode,usethenameofthatnodeinsteadofnlb2.
Thevirtualmachinedirectoryasd:\VMware\cluster\nlb2(onaWindows
host)or/home/cluster/nlb2(onaLinuxhost).
Touseanexistingvirtualdisk.ClickBrowseandselectnlb2.vmdk.
Bridgednetworkingforthevirtualmachine.
ConnecttothisvirtualmachinewiththeVMwareServerConsoleandchooseVM
>Settings.
Addasecondnetworkingdevice,bindingittoanotherphysicalNICortothe
hostonlynetwork.Forinformation,seeAddingandModifyingVirtualNetwork
Adapters.
Intheconsole,verifythatbothvirtualmachinesarepoweredoff.
Afteryouhavefinishedcreatingtheadditionalnodes,youarereadytoconfigurethe
cluster.
ConnecttothefirstnodevirtualmachinewiththeVMwareServerConsole.
Poweronthevirtualmachine.
FollowtheWindowsminisetuppromptstoenterthefollowing:
!
TheWindowsserialnumber
Thehostname
IPaddressesforthathost
Attheendoftheprocess,Windowsreboots.
LogontothevirtualmachineastheAdministratoruser.
OpenNetworkandDialupConnections.
RightclickthelocalareaconnectiononwhichyouwanttoinstallNetworkLoad
BalancingandchooseProperties.
TheLocalAreaConnectionPropertiesdialogboxappears.
178
VMware, Inc.
UnderComponentscheckedareusedbythisconnection,selecttheNetwork
LoadBalancingcheckbox.
ClickProperties.
10
OntheClusterParameterstab,configureclusteroperationsusingthese
parameters:
!
PrimaryIPAddress:Thisistheaddressfortheclusterasawhole.Clientsuse
thisaddresstoaccessthecluster.
SubnetMask:Thisisthesubnetmaskofthenetworktowhichtheabove
addressbelongs.
Multicast:Selectthisoption,evenifyourvirtualmachinewasconfigured
withasinglenetworkadapter.
NOTE
Allmembersoftheclustermustbeconfiguredformulticasting.
RefertoNetworkLoadBalancingonlineHelpfortheremainingoptions.
11
Whenyoufinishwiththeclusterparameters,clickOKtoreturntotheLocalArea
ConnectionPropertiesdialogbox.
12
ClickOKtoreturntotheLocalAreaConnectionStatusdialogbox.
13
RightclickthelocalareaconnectiononwhichNetworkLoadBalancingistobe
installed,andselectProperties.
14
ClickInternetProtocol(TCP/IP),andclickProperties.
15
SetupTCP/IPforNetworkLoadBalancing.
FormoreinformationandlinkstoproceduresforsettingupTCP/IPforNetwork
LoadBalancingonsingleandmultiplenetworkadapters,seeRelatedTopicsinthe
NetworkLoadBalancingonlineHelp.
NOTE
YoumustaddtheclustersprimaryIPaddresstothelistofIPaddresses
boundtotheadapter.
RepeatthesestepsoneachhosttobeusedinyourNetworkLoadBalancingcluster.
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179
CreatingtheFirstNodesBaseVirtualMachineonpage 180
CreatingtheSecondNodeintheClusteronpage 181
InstallingtheGuestOperatingSystemandVMwareToolsonpage 181
AddingtheSharedDiskstoBothVirtualMachinesonpage 181
InstallingNovellClusteringServicesontheClusterNodesonpage 182
Thevirtualdisksusedtostoretheoperatingsystemandclusteringsoftware
foreachvirtualmachine(node)intheclusterdonothavetobepreallocated
virtualdisks.
LogontoyourVMwareServerhostastheuserwhowillownthevirtualmachine.
LaunchaVMwareServerConsoleandcreateanewvirtualmachine(for
informationoncreatinganewvirtualmachine,seeCreatingaNewVirtual
Machine).Choosethesettingsyouwant(forexample,thesizeofthevirtualdisk
ortheamountofmemory),butmakesureyouspecify:
!
Netware6astheguestoperatingsystem.
Cluster1asthevirtualmachinename.
ThevirtualmachinedirectoryasD:\Netware6\Cluster1(onaWindowshost)
or/home/Netware/Cluster1(onaLinuxhost).
Bridgednetworkingforthevirtualmachine.
Youarefinishedcreatingthevirtualmachineforthefirstnodeinyourcluster.The
nextstepistocreatethesecondnodeinyourcluster.Then,foreachnode,install
theguestoperatingsystemandVMwareTools.
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VMware, Inc.
UseCluster2asthevirtualmachinename.
UseD:\Netware6\Cluster2asthevirtualmachinedirectory(onaWindowshost)
or/home/Netware/Cluster2(onaLinuxhost).
Ashareddatadisk(callitdata.vmdk,forexample).
Asharedquorumdisk(callitquorum.vmdk,forexample).
NOTE
VMware, Inc.
UsetheAdvancedoptionwhenaddingthepreallocatedvirtualdisksfromthe
virtualmachinesettingseditortoselectSCSIvirtualdevicenodesforthe
disks.
181
Afteryoufinishcreatingthevirtualdisks,addthemtothesecondnodebycompleting
thefollowingsteps.
1
Openthevirtualmachinesettingseditorforthenode2virtualmachine(called
Cluster2).ChooseVM>Settings.
Addthetwovirtualdisksthataretobeshared.Insteadofcreatingnewvirtual
disks,usetheexistingvirtualdiskscreatedfornode1(calledCluster1).
ClickOKtosaveyourchangesandclosethevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
ForthevirtualmachinenamedCluster1,useatexteditortomanuallyeditthe
configurationfile.ThisfileisD:\Netware6\Cluster1\Cluster1.vmxonaWindows
hostor/home/Netware/Cluster1/Cluster1.vmxonaLinuxhost.
ForthevirtualmachinenamedCluster2,useatexteditortomanuallyeditthe
configurationfile.ThisfileisD:\Netware6\Cluster2\Cluster2.vmxonaWindows
hostor/home/Netware/Cluster2/Cluster2.vmxonaLinuxhost.
Addthefollowinglinestoeachconfigurationfile:
scsi0.sharedBus = virtual
disk.locking = false
NOTE
ThedefaultvirtualdisktypeisIDEforthebasevirtualmachinesvirtual
diskcreatedinCreatingtheFirstNodesBaseVirtualMachineon
page 180.IfyouareusingSCSIvirtualdisksforthebasevirtualmachine
instead,theconfigurationfileoptionsforthesharedbusare:
scsi1.present = true (Ifthislinealreadyexists,donotadditagain.)
scsi1.sharedBus = virtual
disk.locking = false
Thesesettingsarenecessarybecauseyourbasevirtualmachinesvirtualdiskis
attachedtoscsi0andyoumusthaveaseparatevirtualSCSIcardforattachingthe
shareddisks.ThesettingsenableSCSIreservationforscsi1,whichisdescribedin
moredetailinUsingSCSIReservationtoShareSCSIDiskswithVirtual
Machinesonpage 161.
182
Poweronthefirstnodevirtualmachine(Cluster1).
BootintoDOSbypressingtheF5keytobypassrunningthestartupfiles.
VMware, Inc.
Insertthedriverfloppydiskinthehostsfloppydrive.
Copythedriverstothec:\nwserverdirectory.
Removethedriverfloppydiskfromthehostsfloppydrive.
Rebootthevirtualmachine.
Theservershouldbeabletorecognizetheshareddisks.Youcanverifythatby
runningList Devices.
Repeattheabovestepsforthenode2virtualmachine(Cluster2).
NowyouarereadytoinstalltheNovellClusteringServices(NCS)asyouwould
normallyontwophysicalmachines.RefertotheNetWare6.0or6.5product
documentationfordetails.
Avirtualmachineonthishostoranotherhost.
TheVMwareServerhostitselforadifferenthostonthenetwork.
TheiSCSIinitiatormustruntheMicrosoftiSCSISoftwareInitiatorpackage,available
fordownloadfromtheMicrosoftWebsiteat
http://www.microsoft.com/WindowsServer2003/technologies/storage/iscsi/default.
mspx.ThissoftwarerunsinavirtualmachinewithaWindowsServer2003,Windows
2000,orWindowsXPguestoperatingsystem.
TheiSCSItargetsoftwarecanruninavirtualmachineoronahostwithaWindowsor
Linuxoperatingsystem.ExamplesofiSCSItargetsoftwareincludeWinTarget(for
Windows)andNetAppFiler(forLinux).
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183
NOTE
Youcanuseanyclusteringsoftwareintheseclusternodesthatissupported
byotherVMwareServerclusteringstrategies.Formoreinformation,see
ClusteringSoftwareonpage 166.
ThefollowingsectionsdescribehowtosetupclusteringusingtheiSCSIprotocol.
!
ClusteringScenariosUsingiSCSIonpage 184
CreatingandConfiguringtheiSCSIInitiatorVirtualMachineonpage 184
ConfiguringtheiSCSITargetintheClusteronpage 185
UsingaVirtualMachineastheiSCSITarget
UsingaHostastheiSCSITarget
VMware, Inc.
iSCSItargetandtotheInternet.Youcouldoptionallyconfigurethevirtualmachine
withthreevirtualnetworkadaptersthefirsttocommunicatewithotheriSCSI
initiatornodes,thesecondtoconnecttotheiSCSItarget,andthethirdtotheInternet.
Forthevirtualnetworkadapterthatcommunicateswiththeotherclusternodes,you
shouldconfigureittousebridgednetworkingiftheclusternodesarelocatedon
differentVMwareServerhosts.Ifthenodesareonthesamehost,youcanalsouse
hostonlynetworking.
To create an iSCSI initiator virtual machine
1
LogontoyourVMwareServerhostastheuserwhowillownthevirtualmachine.
LaunchaVMwareServerConsoleandcreateanewvirtualmachine(for
informationoncreatinganewvirtualmachine,seeCreatingaNewVirtual
Machine).Choosethesettingsyouwant(forexample,thesizeofthevirtualdisk
ortheamountofmemory),butmakesureyouspecifybridgednetworkingforthe
virtualmachine.
Openthevirtualmachinesettingseditor.ChooseVM>Settings.
Addasecondvirtualnetworkadapter.Formoreinformation,seeAddingand
ModifyingVirtualNetworkAdapters.Again,makesureyouspecifybridged
networkingfortheadapter.
Ifyouchoose,youcanaddathirdvirtualnetworkadaptertothevirtualmachine.
Selectthevirtualnetworkadapteryouintendtousetocommunicatewiththe
iSCSItarget.UnderAdaptertype,selectvmxnet.
ClickOKtosaveyoursettingsandclosethevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
PoweronthevirtualmachineandinstalltheguestoperatingsystemandVMware
Tools.SeeInstallingVMwareTools.
InstalltheiSCSIinitiatorsoftware.
YouarefinishedcreatingtheiSCSIinitiatorvirtualmachine.Repeatthesestepsfor
eachiSCSIinitiator,orelseusesysprep.exetoclonethefirstnode.Thencreatethe
iSCSItargetvirtualmachine.
185
IfyouareusingavirtualmachineastheiSCSItarget,configurethevirtualmachinethe
samewayyoudidfortheinitiator,exceptforthefollowing:
186
MakesurethevirtualmachineisconfiguredwithatleastoneSCSIvirtualdisk.
Youcanconfigurethevirtualmachinewithonevirtualnetworkadapter.Ifthe
virtualmachineislocatedonthesamehostastheiSCSIinitiators,youshould
configureittousehostonlynetworking.Ifthevirtualmachineislocatedon
anotherVMwareServerhost,youshouldconfigureittousebridgednetworking.
YoumustinstalliSCSItargetsoftwareinsteadofiSCSIinitiatorsoftwareonaSCSI
virtualdisk.
VMware, Inc.
VMwareServerDiskMountUtilityletsyoumountanunusedvirtualdiskina
MicrosoftWindowshostfilesystemasaseparatedrivewithoutneedingtoconnectto
thevirtualdiskfromwithinavirtualmachine.Youcanmountspecificvolumesofa
virtualdiskifthevirtualdiskispartitioned.
DiskMountUtilityisacommandlineprogramcalledvmware-mountthatworks
similarlytohowyouusethesubstcommandonWindows.Oncethediskismounted,
youcanreadfromandwritetothediskasifitwereaseparatefilesystemwithitsown
driveletteronyournetwork.However,youcannotpoweronanyvirtualmachinethat
usesthisdiskuntilthediskisunmounted.
Youcanperformactivitiessuchasscanningavirtualdiskforvirusesandtransferring
filesbetweenthehostsystemandapoweredoffvirtualmachine.
Whenyouarefinishedusingthemountedvirtualdisk,deletethemappingsothe
virtualdiskcanbeusedbyvirtualmachinesagain.
YoucanuseDiskMountwithvirtualdiskscreatedwithVMwareServeraswell
VMwareESXServer2,VMwareGSXServer3and2.5.1,VMwareACE,and
VMwareWorkstation5and4.
NOTE
VirtualdiskscreatedwithVMwareACEcannotbeencryptedvirtual
disks.EncryptedvirtualdiskscannotbemountedwithDiskMount.
YoucanrunDiskMountonanyversionsofWindows2000,WindowsXP,or
WindowsServer2003.
YoumustmountvirtualdisksasdriveD:orgreater.Youcannotspecifyaletter
alreadyinuseonthehost.
YoucanmountvolumesformattedwithFAT(12/16/32)orNTFSonly.Ifthevirtual
diskhasamixofpartitions(volumes)where,forexample,apartitionis
unformattedorisformattedwithaLinuxoperatingsystemandanotherpartition
isformattedwithaWindowsoperatingsystem,youcanmounttheWindows
partitionwithDiskMount.
VMware, Inc.
187
Youcanmountavirtualdiskthathasasnapshot.Anychangesyoumaketothe
virtualdiskwhileitismountedarediscardedwhenyoureverttothesnapshot.
Youcannotmountavirtualdiskifanyofits.vmdkfilesarecompressedorhave
readonlypermissions.Changetheseattributesbeforemountingthevirtualdisk.
Youcannotmountavirtualdiskthatiscurrentlybeingusedbyarunningor
suspendedvirtualmachine.Onlydisksthatareinapoweredoffvirtualmachine
canbemounted.
Statement of Support
TheVMwareDiskMountUtilityisprovidedwithoutsupportservicesfromVMware
underthetermsintheVMwareServerlicenseagreement.
188
Option
Definition
/v:N
MountsvolumeNofavirtualdisk.Ndefaultsto1.
/p
Displaysthepartitions(volumes)onthevirtualdisk.
/d
Deletesthemappingtoavirtualdiskdrivevolume.
/f
Forciblydeletesthemappingtoavirtualdiskdrivevolume.Use
thisoptionwhenatechnicalerrororacorrectablecondition
suchasopenfilehandlespreventsVMwareServerfrom
unmountingthedrive.
/?
Displaysvmware-mountusageinformation.
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Glossary
AddHardwareWizard
Apointandclickinterfaceforaddingvirtualhardwaretoavirtualmachine.To
launchtheWizard,poweroffthevirtualmachine,openthevirtualmachine
settingseditor,thenclickAdd.Itpromptsyouforinformationforconfiguringthe
hardware,suggestingdefaultvaluesinmostcases.
SeealsoVirtualmachinesettingseditor.
Bridgednetworking
Atypeofnetworkconnectionbetweenavirtualmachineandtherestoftheworld.
Underbridgednetworking,avirtualmachineappearsasanadditionalcomputer
onthesamephysicalEthernetnetworkasthehost.
SeealsoHostonlynetworking.
Configuration
SeeVirtualmachineconfigurationfile.
Console
SeeVMwareServerConsole.
Currentvirtualmachine
AvirtualmachinecreatedunderthecurrentVMwareServerversionand
WorkstationServer5.x.
SeealsoLegacyvirtualmachine.
Customnetworking
Anytypeofnetworkconnectionbetweenvirtualmachinesandthehostthatdoes
notusethedefaultbridged,hostonlyornetworkaddresstranslation(NAT)
networkingconfigurations.Forinstance,differentvirtualmachinescanbe
connectedtothehostbyseparatenetworksorconnectedtoeachotherandnotto
thehost.Anynetworktopologyispossible.
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EULA
Theenduserlicenseagreement.
Existingpartition
Apartitiononaphysicaldiskinthehostmachine.
SeealsoPhysicaldisk.
Fullscreenmode
Adisplaymodeinwhichthevirtualmachinesdisplayfillstheentirescreen.
SeealsoQuickswitchmode.
Growabledisk
Atypeofvirtualdiskwherethediskspaceisnotpreallocatedtoitsfullsize.Its
filesstartoutsmallinsizeandgrowasdataiswrittentoit.
Guestoperatingsystem
Anoperatingsystemthatrunsinsideavirtualmachine.
SeealsoHostoperatingsystem.
Headless
Adescriptionforaprogramorapplicationthatrunsinthebackgroundwithout
anygraphicaluserinterfaceconnectedtoit.Avirtualmachinerunningwithno
consolesconnectedtoitisconsideredtoberunningheadless.
Hostonlynetworking
Atypeofnetworkconnectionbetweenavirtualmachineandthehost.Under
hostonlynetworking,avirtualmachineisconnectedtothehostonaprivate
network,whichnormallyisnotvisibleoutsidethehost.Multiplevirtualmachines
configuredwithhostonlynetworkingonthesamehostareonthesamenetwork.
SeealsoBridgednetworking,CustomnetworkingandNetworkaddress
translation.
Hostcomputer
ThephysicalcomputeronwhichtheVMwareServersoftwareisinstalled.Ithosts
theVMwareServervirtualmachines.
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Glossary
Hostoperatingsystem
Anoperatingsystemthatrunsonthehostmachine.
SeealsoGuestoperatingsystem.
Independentdisk
Anindependentdiskisatypeofvirtualdiskthatisnotaffectedbysnapshots.
Independentdiskscanbeconfiguredinpersistentandnonpersistentmodes.
SeealsoNonpersistentmode,Persistentmode.
Inventory
Alistintheleftpaneloftheconsolewindowthatshowsthenamesofvirtual
machinesthatauserhasaddedtothelist.Theinventorymakesiteasytolauncha
virtualmachineortoconnecttothevirtualmachinesconfigurationfileinorderto
makechangesinthevirtualmachinesettings.
Legacyvirtualmachine
AvirtualmachinecreatedunderVMwareGSXServerorVMwareWorkstation3
or4.SeealsoCurrentvirtualmachine.
Networkaddresstranslation(NAT)
Atypeofnetworkconnectionthatallowsyoutoconnectyourvirtualmachinesto
anexternalnetworkwhenyouhaveonlyoneIPnetworkaddress,andthataddress
isusedbythehostcomputer.IfyouuseNAT,yourvirtualmachinedoesnothave
itsownIPaddressontheexternalnetwork.Instead,aseparateprivatenetworkis
setuponthehostcomputer.Yourvirtualmachinegetsanaddressonthatnetwork
fromtheVMwarevirtualDHCPserver.TheVMwareNATdevicepassesnetwork
databetweenoneormorevirtualmachinesandtheexternalnetwork.Itidentifies
incomingdatapacketsintendedforeachvirtualmachineandsendsthemtothe
correctdestination.
SeealsoBridgednetworking,CustomnetworkingandHostonlynetworking.
NewVirtualMachineWizard
Apointandclickinterfaceforconvenient,easycreationofavirtualmachine
configuration.TolaunchtheWizard,chooseFile>NewVirtualMachine.It
promptsyouforinformation,suggestingdefaultvaluesinmostcases.Itcreates
filesthatdefinethevirtualmachine,includingavirtualmachineconfigurationfile
and(optionally)avirtualdiskorphysicaldiskfile.
SeealsoVirtualmachinesettingseditor.
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Nonpersistentmode
Amodeinwhichalldiskwritesissuedbysoftwarerunninginsideavirtual
machinewithadiskinnonpersistentmodeappeartobewrittentodiskbutarein
factdiscardedafterthevirtualmachineispoweredoff.Ifyouconfigureavirtual
diskorphysicaldiskasanindependentdiskinnonpersistentmode,thediskisnot
modifiedbyVMwareServer.
SeealsoIndependentdisk,Persistentmode
Persistentmode
Amodeinwhichalldiskwritesissuedbysoftwarerunninginsideavirtual
machineareimmediatelyandpermanentlywrittentothevirtualdisk.Ifyou
configureavirtualdiskorphysicaldiskasanindependentdiskinpersistentmode,
thediskbehaveslikeaconventionaldiskdriveonaphysicalcomputer.
SeealsoIndependentdisk,Nonpersistentmode
Physicaldisk
Aharddiskinavirtualmachinethatismappedtoaphysicaldiskdriveor
partitiononthehostmachine.Avirtualmachinesdiskcanbestoredasafileon
thehostfilesystemoronalocalharddisk.Whenavirtualmachineisconfigured
touseaphysicaldisk,VMwareServerdirectlyaccessesthelocaldiskorpartition
asarawdevice(notasafileonafilesystem).
SeealsoVirtualdisk.
Preallocateddisk
Atypeofvirtualdiskwherealldiskspaceforthevirtualmachineisallocatedat
thetimethediskiscreated.Thisisthedefaulttypeofvirtualdiskcreatedby
VMwareServer.
Quickswitchmode
Adisplaymodeinwhichthevirtualmachinesdisplayfillsmostofthescreen.In
thismode,tabsatthetopofthescreenallowyoutoswitchquicklyfromone
runningvirtualmachinetoanother.
SeealsoFullscreenmode.
Rawdisk
Seephysicaldisk.
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Glossary
Redolog
Thefilethatstoresthechangesmadetoadiskinindependentnonpersistentmode.
Theredologfileisdeletedwhenyoupowerofforresetthevirtualmachine
withoutwritinganychangestothedisk.
Resume
Returnavirtualmachinetooperationfromitssuspendedstate.Whenyouresume
asuspendedvirtualmachine,allapplicationsareinthesamestatetheywerewhen
thevirtualmachinewassuspended.
SeealsoSuspend.
Shrink
Reducetheamountoffilesystemspaceavirtualdiskoccupiesinordertoreclaim
unusedspaceinavirtualdisk.Ifthereisemptyspaceinthedisk,shrinking
reducestheamountofspacethevirtualdiskoccupiesonthehostdrive.You
cannotshrinkpreallocatedvirtualdisksorphysicaldisks.
Snapshot
Awaytopreservethestateofavirtualmachinethestateofthedataonallthe
virtualmachinesdisksandthevirtualmachinespowerstate(whetherthevirtual
machinewaspoweredon,poweredofforsuspended).Youcantakeasnapshotof
avirtualmachineatanytimeandreverttothatsnapshotatanytime.Thevirtual
machinecanbepoweredon,poweredofforsuspended.
Supportedpartition
AvirtualdiskpartitionthatVMwareToolscanprepareforshrinking,suchasone
ofthedrivesthatcomprisethevirtualharddisk.Youcanchoosetonotprepare
certainpartitionsforshrinking.
SeealsoShrink.
Suspend
Savethecurrentstateofarunningvirtualmachine.Toreturnasuspendedvirtual
machinetooperation,usetheresumefeature.
SeealsoResume.
Unsupportedpartition
AvirtualdiskpartitionthatVMwareToolscannotprepareforshrinking.
Unsupportedpartitionsincludereadonlydrivepartitions,partitionsonremote
devicesandpartitionsonremovabledevicessuchasfloppydrivesorCDROM
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drives.
SeealsoShrink.
Virtualdisk
Avirtualdiskisafileorsetoffilesthatappearsasaphysicaldiskdrivetoaguest
operatingsystem.Thesefilescanbeonthehostmachineoronaremotefilesystem.
Whenyouconfigureavirtualmachinewithavirtualdisk,youcaninstallanew
operatingsystemintothediskfilewithoutneedingtorepartitionaphysicaldisk
orrebootthehost.Virtualdiskscanbepreallocatedorgrowable.Apreallocated
virtualdiskhasallthediskspaceallocatedatthetimethevirtualdiskiscreated.A
growablediskisnotpreallocated;itsfilesstartoutsmallinsizeandgrowasdata
iswrittentoit.
SeealsoPhysicaldisk.
Virtualhardware
Thedevicesthatcompriseavirtualmachine.Thevirtualhardwareincludesthe
virtualdisk,theremovabledevicessuchastheDVDROM/CDROMandfloppy
drives,andthevirtualEthernetadapter.Youconfigurethesedeviceswiththe
virtualmachinesettingseditor.
Virtualmachine
Avirtualizedx86PCenvironmentinwhichaguestoperatingsystemand
associatedapplicationsoftwarecanrun.Multiplevirtualmachinescanoperateon
thesamehostmachineconcurrently.
Virtualmachineconfiguration
Thespecificationofwhatvirtualdevices(disks,memorysize,andsoforth)are
presentinavirtualmachineandhowtheyaremappedtohostfilesanddevices.
Virtualmachineconfigurationfile
Afilecontainingavirtualmachineconfiguration.Itiscreatedwhenyoucreatethe
virtualmachine.ItisusedbyVMwareServertoidentifyandrunaspecificvirtual
machine.
Virtualmachinesettingseditor
Apointandclickcontrolpanelusedtoviewandmodifyavirtualmachines
settings.YoulaunchitbychoosingVM>Settings.
SeealsoNewVirtualMachineWizard.
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VirtualNetworkEditor
Apointandclickeditorusedtoviewandmodifythenetworkingsettingsforthe
virtualnetworkscreatedbyVMwareServer.YoulaunchbychoosingHost>
VirtualNetworkSettings.
VirtualSMP
Symmetricmultiprocessingenablesyoutoassigntwovirtualprocessorstoa
virtualmachineonanyhostmachinethathasatleasttwologicalprocessors.
VMwareAuthorizationService
TheserviceVMwareServeremploystoauthenticateusers.ForbothMicrosoft
WindowsandLinuxhosts,thisprocessiscalledvmware-authd.
VMwareManagementInterface
Abrowserbasedtoolthatallowsyoutocontrol(start,suspend,resume,resetand
stop),configureandmonitorvirtualmachinesandtheserveronwhichtheyrun.
VMwareRegistrationService
TheserviceVMwareServeremploysformanagingconnectionstovirtual
machinesandtheVMwareManagementInterface.Thisprocessisknownas
vmware-serverdonLinuxhostsandvmware-serverdwin32onMicrosoftWindows
hosts.
VMwareTools
Asuiteofutilitiesanddriversthatenhancestheperformanceandfunctionalityof
yourguestoperatingsystem.KeyfeaturesofVMwareToolsincludesomeorallof
thefollowing,dependingonyourguestoperatingsystem:anSVGAdriver,a
mousedriver,theVMwareToolsservice,theVMwareToolscontrolpanel,and
supportforsuchfeaturesastheabilitytoshrinkvirtualdisks,time
synchronizationwiththehost,VMwareToolsscriptsandtheabilitytoconnectand
disconnectdeviceswhilethevirtualmachineisrunning.
VMwareToolsservice
OneofthecomponentsinstalledwithVMwareToolsthatperformsvariousduties
intheguestoperatingsystem,likeexecutingcommandsinthevirtualmachine,
gracefullyshuttingdownandresettingavirtualmachine,sendingaheartbeatto
VMwareServer,synchronizingthetimeoftheguestoperatingsystemwiththe
hostoperatingsystemandpassingstringsfromthehostoperatingsystemtothe
guestoperatingsystem.
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VMwareServerConsole
Aninterfacetoavirtualmachinethatprovidesaccesstooneormorevirtual
machinesonthelocalhostoraremotehostrunningVMwareServer.Youcanview
thevirtualmachinesdisplaytorunprogramswithinitormodifyguestoperating
systemsettings.Inaddition,youcanchangethevirtualmachinesconfiguration,
installtheguestoperatingsystemorrunthevirtualmachineinfullscreenmode.
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Index
Symbols
Clustering 165
across multiple hosts 183
applications 166
Linux hosts 88
Windows hosts 85
Authentication daemon on Linux host 88
software 166
Back up
virtual machines 97
VMware Server host 96
Backup agent
in virtual machine 95
on host 96
BIOS provided in virtual machine 13
Bridged networking defined 191
Browser
configuring on Linux host 48
setting MIME type 128
BSD
supported guest operating
systems 16, 19
BSD, supported guest operating
systems 16, 19
C
CD-ROM image file 13
Chip set in a virtual machine 13
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D
Default directories 30, 39
Devices
provided in virtual machine 12
199
supported 15
Disks
available in virtual machine 13
existing partition 192
physical 194
virtual 196
Display preferences 122
Drawing tablet in a virtual machine 14
Drives
See Disks
H
Headless 192
Heartbeat
and clustering virtual machines 168
virtual machine 104
Help, configuring Web browser on Linux
host 48
Host computer
defined 192
E
Encrypting remote sessions 90
Ethernet
adapter in a virtual machine 14
defined 192
See Network
Event log 22
Event viewer 94
Floppy
IDE
G
Generic SCSI
and SCSI reservation 162
virtual machine backup 95
Graphics
Linux host and performance 154
Graphics support in virtual machine 13
Guest operating system
defined 192
200
system requirements 5
Host operating system, defined 193
Host-only networking
on Linux host 36
on Windows host 26
silent 34
VmCOM API 52
VmPerl API 5455
VMware Management Interface
software 44
VMware Server Console
software 48, 50
VMware, Inc.
Index
VMware Workstation 25
Internet Explorer 6.0, and management
interface 46
Inventory
and authentication on Linux
hosts 89
and private virtual machines 85
real-time clock 38
uninstalling VMware Server 57
upgrading GSX Server 63
vmware-authd 88
Linux host authentication daemon 88
Log files
console installation 24
defined 193
iSCSI protocol 183
virtual machine 22
virtual machine event log 22
configuration 184185
K
Kernel, reconfiguring VMware Server after Linux kernel upgrade 42
Keyboard
grabbing input 119
in a virtual machine 14
Knowledge base 20
M
Master installer, on Windows host 28
Memory
amount required on host 5
available in virtual machine 13
choosing for best performance 147
for all virtual machines 123
more than 1GB on a Linux host 157
setting size 154
Migrate
L
Legacy virtual machine
defined 193
Linux
supported guest operating
systems 16
supported host operating systems 7
Linux host
authentication 88
default permissions 89
installing VMware Server 36
performance 154
permissions 89
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guest 192
host 193
supported guest 15
NAT
defined 193
enabling on Linux host 42
Netscape, setting MIME type for
console 128
NetWare
See Novell NetWare
Network
bridged networking 191
custom networking 191
enabling host-only networking on
Linux host 42
enabling NAT on Linux host 42
host-only 192
NAT
Virtual Network Editor 197
Network adapter in a virtual machine 14
Network address translation
See NAT
Network Load Balancing
clustering 175
multinode 175
New Virtual Machine Wizard 193
NFS shares, creating virtual
machines 90
Novell Clustering Services 179
Parallel port
and the Linux kernel 38
in a virtual machine 14
Partition, existing 192
PCI slots
in virtual machine 14
limits 14
Performance
CD-ROM drive polling 148
debugging mode 148
disk options 149
guest operating system
selection 147
installing applications in a guest 150
memory settings 147
memory usage 154
remote disk access 150
swap space on a Linux host 154
temp directory on a Linux host 154
using full screen mode on a Linux
host 153154
Permissions
and user accounts 86
installing 182
Novell NetWare
Linux host 89
clustering 181
Novell NetWare, supported guest operating systems 19
snapshot 89
O
Operating system
202
physical disk 89
virtual disks 89
virtual machines 83
Physical disk
defined 194
permissions 89
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Index
Port numbers
console 78
management interface 99
Preallocated disk, defined 194
Preferences
display 122
hot keys 121
input 119
SCSI
Q
Quick switch mode 194
Quiet mode, install VMware Server 34
generic 95
SCSI reservation
and clustering 161
enabling 162
issues to consider 164
preallocated virtual disks 161
sharing SCSI disks 161
support 162
Security certificates 91
Serial port, in a virtual machine 14
Set up
memory size 154
Web browser on Linux host 48
Shortcut keys, configuring 121
Shrink, defined 195
Silent install 34
SMBIOS
in a virtual machine 13
R
RAM
amount required on host 5
available in virtual machine 13
Real-time clock, requirement on Linux
host 38
Redo log, defined 195
Registration 21
Remote management 77
encrypted communications 90
SSL 90
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modifying UUID 92
Snapshot
defined 195
permissions 89
Sound in a virtual machine 15
Specifications for virtual machine
platform 12
SSL
console connections 90
custom security certificates 91
203
enabling 112
automatic generation 92
modifying 136
management interface
connections 90
remote management 90
Support resources, technical 20
Supported guest operating system 15
Supported host operating system
Windows 7
Supported partition 195
Suspend, defined 195
System requirements 5
remote workstation 10
V
Virtual disk
defined 196
permissions 89
Virtual hardware 196
Virtual machine
accessibility 86
backing up 95
changing user 87
T
Technical support resources 20
Tools
See VMware Tools
configuring in management
interface 105
connected users 109
Ctrl+Alt+Delete 121
defined 196
on Linux host 57
on Windows host 55
Unsupported partition 195
Update VMware Server software 119
Upgrade
moving 133
on Linux host 63
permissions 83
on Windows host 62
platform specifications 12
virtual machine 64
private 84
204
UUID 92
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Index
user 86
refresh rate 98
UUID 92
remote management 77
VMID 106
Virtual machine settings editor,
defined 196
Virtual Network Editor 197
VMware Authorization Service 85
defined 197
log 23
VMware community forums 20
VMware guest operating system service
defined 197
virtual machine heartbeat 104
VMware Management Interface 97
advanced configuration options 107
Apache commands 111
changing port number 99
configuring to launch console 46
SSL 90
startup and shutdown options 114,
127
Status Monitor 101
supported browsers 99
URL to log in 99
virtual machine event log 110
virtual machine heartbeat 104
virtual machine menu 102
virtual machine summary 101
VMware Registration Service
defined 197
log 24
VMware Scripting APIs
installing 51
defined 197
disabling SSL 91
downloading console installer 81
enable JavaScript 99
enable style sheets 99
enabling SSL 91
enabling SSL for remote
connections 112
encrypted communications 90
remote management 77
VMWare Server
global preferences 123
VMware Server
software updates 119
user preferences 117
VMware Server Console 198
changing port number 78
log 23
logging in 99
logging out 111
permissions 90
proxy servers 47
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installation 50
configuring 112
default virtual machine
directory 123
securing connections with SSL 112
VMware Tools
defined 197
heartbeat 104
VMware Virtual Machine Console
downloading installer 81
vmware-authd 88
See VMware Authorization Service
vmware-cmd 78
vmware-config.pl 41
vmware-serverd
X
X server 45
required on Linux client 12
required on Linux host 10
XFree86
required on Linux client 12
required on Linux host 10
W
Windows host
authentication 85
configuring permissions 87
Event Viewer 94
installing GSX Server 26
installing Scripting APIs on 52
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