Al-Qura University

Faculty of Engineering
Department of Computer Engineering

Answer the following questions:

1422/1423
Subject: Computer Orga
1st Midterm Exam
Time allowed: 1 (one) Hour

1) The 4-bit adder-subtractor given in figure has the following values for input
mode
M and data inputs A and B. In each case, determine the values of the outputs:
S3, S2,
S1, So and C4.

A
B
C
D
e

M
0
1
0
0
1

A
0111
1001
1100
0101
0001

B
1010
1100
1000
1101
1010

2) Register A holds the 8-bit binary 11011001. Determine the B operand and the
logic microoperation to be performed in order to change the value in A to:
a- 01101101
b- 11111101.
3) Explain the operation of an arithmetic-logic shift unit, use the different select
values for ( s3,s2,s1,s0) to give a function table for such a unit.
C
5) What is the value of H in the 4-bit combinational circuit shift if input A is 1101,
S= 1, IR= 0 and IL = 1.

Best Wishes
Prof. Dr. Kadry Montasser

Umm Al-Qura University

Faculty of Engineering
Department of Computer Engineering

1422/1423
Subject: Computer Organization
2nd Midterm Exam


Answer the following questions:

Time allowed: 1 (one) Hour

1) An instruction at address 021 in the basic computer has I = 0, an operation

code of the AND instruction, and an address part equal to 083 (all numbers are
in hexadecimal). The memory word at address 083 contains the operand BBF2
and the content of AC is A937. Go over the instruction cycle and determine the
contents of the following registers at the end of the execute phase: PC. AR, DR,
AC, and IR..
2) Show the contents in hexadecimal of registers PC, AR, OR, IR, and SC of the
basic computer when an ISZ indirect instruction is fetched from memory and
executed. The initial content of PC is 7FF. The content of memory at address 7FF
is EA9F. The content of memory at address A9F is 0C35. The content of memory
at address C35 is FFFF. Give the answer in a table with five columns, one. for
each register and a row for each timing signal. Show the contents of the registers
after the positive transition of each clock pulse.
3) List the main registers for the basic computer with their number of bits,
symbol, and function.
4) Aided with neat sketches describe the control unit of the basic computer. Give
an example of control timing signals.
5) Aided with a flowchart show the interrupt cycle. Illustrate your answer with a
memory example before and after interrupt cycle.

Prof. Dr. Kadry Montasser

Umm Al-Qura University

Faculty of Engineering
Department of Computer Engineering

Best Wishes

1422/1423
Subject: Computer Organization
2nd Midterm Exam


Answer the following questions:
Time allowed: 1 (one) Hour
1) Differentiate between the direct and indirect addressing. Demonstrate your
answer with an example for an ADD operation.
2) An instruction at address 021 in the basic computer has I = 0, an operation
code of the AND instruction, and an address part equal to 083 (all numbers are
in hexadecimal). The memory word at address 083 contains the operand BBF2
and the content of AC is A937. Go over the instruction cycle and determine the
contents of the following registers at the end of the execute phase: PC. AR, DR,
AC, and IR.
3) Differentiate between the different basic computer instruction formats.
Illustrate your answer with a flowchart for instruction cycle.
4) Show the contents in hexadecimal of registers PC, AR, OR, IR, and SC of the
basic computer when an ISZ indirect instruction is fetched from memory and
executed. The initial content of PC is 7FF. The content of memory at address
7FF is EA9F. The content of memory at address A9F is 0C35. The content of
memory at address C35 is FFFF. Give the answer in a table with five columns,
one. for each register and a row for each timing signal. Show the contents of
the registers after the positive transition of each clock pulse.

Best Wishes
Prof. Dr. Kadry Montasser

Umm Al-Qura University

Faculty of Engineering
Department of Computer Engineering

Answer the following questions:

1422/1423 (2nd Term)

Subject: Computer Organization
Final Exam
Time allowed: 2 (two) Hours

1)a- Register A holds the 8-bit binary 10110110. Determine the B operand
and the microoperation to be performed in order to change the value in A to:

i- 11111111
ii- 11001111
iii- 00000000
______________________________________________________________________
1) a- An 8-bit register contains the binary value 11110010. What is the register
value after an arithmetic shift right? Starting from the initial number
11110010, determine the register value after an arithmetic shift left.
c- Starting from an initial value of R = 11001110, determine the sequence of
binary values in R after a logical shift- right, followed by a circular shiftleft, followed by a logical shift-left and circular shift-left again.
____________________________________________________________________
2) A computer uses a memory unit with 256 kwords of 32 bits each. A binary
instruction code is stored in one word of memory. The instruction has four
parts: and indirect bit, an operation code, a register code part to specify one of
64 registers, and an address part.
a- How many bits are there in the operation code, the register code part, and the
address part?
b- Draw the instruction word format and indicate the number of bits in each
part.
c- How many bits are there in the data and address inputs of the memory?
______________________________________________________________________
4) The content of PC in. the basic computer is 3AF (all numbers are in
hexadecimal). The content of AC is 7EC3. The content of memory at address
3AF is 932E. The content of memory at address 32E is 09AC. The content of
memory at address 9AC is 8B9F.
a. What is the instruction that will be fetched and executed next?
b. Show the binary operation that will be performed in the AC when the
instruction is executed.
c. Give the contents of registers PC, AR, DR, AC, and IR in hexadecimal and the
values of E, I, and the sequence counter SC in binary at the end of the
instruction cycle.
5) A relative mode branch type of instruction is stored in memory at an address
equivalent to decimal 750. The branch is made to an address equivalent to
decimal 500.
a. What should be the value of the relative address field of the instruction (in
decimal)?
b. Determine the relative address value in binary using 12 bits.
c. Determine the binary value in PC after the fetch phase and calculate the binary
value of 500. Then show that the binary value in PC plus the relative address
calculated in part (b) is equal to the binary value of 500.

Best
Wishes
Prof. Dr. Kadry Montasser

Umm Al-Qura University

Faculty of Engineering
Department of Computer Engineering

Answer the following questions:

1423/1424
Subject: Computer Organization
Midterm Exam
Time allowed: 1 (one) Hour

1) An instruction address 021 in the basic computer has I= 0, an operation

code of the AND instruction, and an address part equal to 074 ( all
numbers are in hexadecimal). The memory word at address 074 contains
the operand B8E3 and the content of AC is C836. Go over the instruction
cycle and determine the contents of the following registers at the end of the
execute phase: PC, AR, AC, DR, and IR. Repeat the problem 3 more times
starting with an operation code of another memory- reference instruction.
2) The content of PC in the basic computer is 4CE. The content of AC is 6FB5.
The content of memory at address 4CE is 932E. The content of memory at
address 32E is 18BD. The content of memory at address 18BD is 8B9F.
a- What is the instruction that will be fetched and executed next?
b- Show the binary operation that will be performed in the AC when the
instruction is executed.
c- Give the contents of registers PC, AR, DR, AC, and IR in hexadecimal and
the values of E, I, and the sequence counter SC in binary at the end of the
instruction cycle.

3) The memory unit of the basic computer shown in Fig. 5-3 is to be changed to a
65,536 x 16 memory, requiring an address of 16 bits. The instruction format of
a memory-reference instruction shown in Fig. 5-5 remains the same for I= 1
with the address part of the instruction residing in positions 0 through 11. But
when I= 0, the address of the instruction is given by the 16 bits in the next
word following the instruction. Modify the microoperations during times T2,
T3, ( and T4 if necessary) to conform with this configuration.

Best
Wishes
Prof. Dr. Kadry Montasser

Umm Al-Quraa University

Faculty of Engineering
Department of Computer Engineering

Answer the following questions:

1423/1424 (1st Term)

Subject: Computer Organization
Final Exam
Time allowed: 2 (two) Hours

1)a- The 8-bit registers AR, BR, CR, and DR initially have the following values:
AR = 11110010,

BR = 11111111,

CR = 10111001,

DR = 11101010

Determine the 8-bit values in each register after the execution of the following
sequence of microoperations.
AR AR + BR
CR CR DR, BR -BR + 1
AR AR -CR
b- An 8-bit register contains the binary value 11010111. What is the
register value after an arithmetic shift right? Starting from the initial
number 11010111, determine the register value after an arithmetic shift
left.
____________________________________________________________________
b- A computer uses. a memory of 65,536 words with eight bits in each word. It
has the following registers: PC, AR, TR (16 bits each), and AC, DR, IR
(eight bits each). A memory-reference instruction consists of three words:
an 8-bit operation-code (one word) and a 16-bit address (in the next two
words). All operands are eight bits. There is no indirect bit.
i. Draw a block diagram of the computer showing the memory and registers as
in Fig. 5-3. (Do not use a common bus).
ii. Draw a diagram showing the placement in memory of a typical three-word
instruction and the corresponding 8-bit operand.
iii. List the sequence of microoperations for fetching a memory reference
instruction and then placing the. operand in DR.. Start from timing signal
To.
______________________________________________________________________
3)a- Aided with a flowchart show the interrupt cycle. Illustrate your answer with a
memory example before and after interrupt cycle.
b- The content of PC in. the basic computer is 5DE (all numbers are in
hexadecimal). The content of AC is 6BC7. The content of memory at address
5DE is 854E. The content of memory at address 32E is 09AC. The content of
memory at address 9AC is 6C9E.
i. What is the instruction that will be fetched and executed next?
ii. Show the binary operation that will be performed in the AC when the
instruction
is executed.
iii. Give the contents of registers PC, AR, DR, AC, and IR in hexadecimal and
the values
of E, I, and the sequence counter SC in binary at the end of the instruction
cycle.
___________________________________________________________________
4)a- Write a program to evaluate the arithmetic statement:
X = [(A + B*C) D] / [ E F]

iiiiiiiv-

Using a general register computer with three address instructions.

Using a general register computer with two address instructions.
Using an accumulator type computer with one address instructions.
Using a stack organized computer with zero-address operation
instructions.

b- Determine the microperation that will be executed in the processor of Fig. 82, when the following 14-bit control words are applied.
i)
00101001100101
ii)
11110001110000
iii)
00000000000000
iv)
01001001001100
v)
00000100000010

Best Wishes
Prof. Dr. Kadry Montasser

Umm Al-Qurah University

Faculty of Engineering
Department of Computer Engineering

Answer the following questions:

1426/1427 (1st Term)

Subject: Computer Organization
1st Midterm Exam
Time allowed: 1 Hours

1) a- Design a common bus system for 8 registers of 16 bits each.

b- Draw a diagram for the bus system of part (a),but use three-state buffers
and a
decoder instead of the multiplexers.
______________________________________________________________________
2) a- What is the value of H in the 4-bit combinational circuit shift if input A is
1011,
S= 1, IR= 0 and IL = 1.
b- The 8-bit registers AR, BR, CR, and DR initially have the following values:
AR = 11010010,

BR = 11100101,

CR = 10001111,

DR = 10010101

Determine the 8-bit values in each register after the execution of the
following
sequence of microoperations.
AR AR + BR
CR CR DR, BR -BR - 1
AR AR -CR
______________________________________________________________________
3) a- Register A holds the 8-bit binary 11010010. Determine the B operand and the
microoperations to be performed in order to change the value in A to:
i- 11111111
ii- 11001111
iii- 00000000
b- Starting from an initial value of R = 11001110, determine the sequence of
binary
values in R after a logical shift- right, followed by a circular shift-left,
followed
by a logical shift-left and circular shift-left again.

Prof. Dr. Kadry Montasser

Umm Al-Qurah University

Faculty of Engineering
Department of Computer Engineering

Answer the following questions:

Best Wishes

1426/1427 (1st Term)

Subject: Computer Organization
2nd Midterm Exam
Time allowed: 1 Hours

1) a- An instruction at address 021 in the basic computer has I = 0, an operation

code of the ADD instruction, and an address part equal to 092 (all numbers
are in hexadecimal). The memory word at address 092 contains the operand
C7E3 and the content of AC is B8E3. Go over the instruction cycle and
determine the contents of the following registers at the end of the execute
phase: PC. AR, DR, AC, and IR..
b- Repeat four more times starting with an operation code of another memoryreference instruction.
______________________________________________________________________
2) The content of PC in. the basic computer is 3AF (all numbers are in
hexadecimal). The content of AC is 7EC3. The content of memory at address
3AF is 932E. The content of memory at address 32E is 09AC. The content of
memory at address 9AC is 8B9F.
a. What is the instruction that will be fetched and executed next?
b. Show the binary operation that will be performed in the AC when the
instruction is executed.
c. Give the contents of registers PC, AR, DR, AC, and IR in hexadecimal and the
values of E, I, and the sequence counter SC in binary at the end of the
instruction cycle.
______________________________________________________________________
3)a- What hardware components does the basic computer consist of? Assign the
number of bits of each component.
b- For each of the following 16-bit instruction, give the equivalent hexadecimal
code and give the meaning of each instruction to be executed and the address
in memory, if exists
I ) 1111000001000000
II ) 0111000100000000
III) 0110100100110111
IV) 1101100001011010
V ) 0111000001000000
Given that the contents of AC and E are F3A4 and 1, respectively.

Best Wishes
Prof. Dr. Kadry Montasser

Umm Al-Qurah University

Faculty of Engineering
Department of Computer Engineering

1426/1427 (1st Term)

Subject: Computer Organization
Final Exam

Attempt the following questions:

Time allowed: 2 Hours

1)a- An 8-bit register contains the binary value 11010111. What is the register
value after executing the following microoperations, consecutively:
i) arithmetic shift right, ii) circulate shift right, iii) arithmetic shift left.
b- A computer uses a memory unit with 512 kwords of 32 bits each. A binary
instruction code is stored in one word of memory. The instruction has four
parts: and indirect bit, an operation code, a register code part to specify one
of 64 registers, and an address part.
i) How many bits are there in the operation code, the register code part, and
the
address part?
ii) Draw the instruction word format and indicate the number of bits
in each part.

iii)

How many bits are there in the data and address

inputs of the memory?
______________________________________________________________________
2) a- An instruction at address 032 in the basic computer has I = 0, an operation
code of the AND instruction, and an address part equal to 0A2 (all numbers
are in hexadecimal). The memory word at address 0A2 contains the
operand C7F6 and the content of AC is A6C3. Go over the instruction cycle
and determine the contents of the following registers at the end of the
execute phase: PC. AR, DR, AC, and IR..
b- Apply the following instructions: ADD, LDA, STA, BUN, BSA, and ISZ,
consecutively and determine the contents of the same registers.
______________________________________________________________________
3) a- Differentiate between the direct and indirect addressing. Demonstrate your
answer with an example for an ADD operation
b- Show the contents in hexadecimal of registers PC, AR, OR, IR, and SC of
the basic computer when an ISZ indirect instruction is fetched from
memory and executed. The initial content of PC is 6EE. The content of
memory at address 6EE is EA9D. The content of memory at address A9D
is 0A6B. The content of memory at address A6B is FEA6. Give the
answer in a table with five columns, one. for each register and a row for
each timing signal. Show the contents of the registers after the positive
transition of each clock pulse.
______________________________________________________________________
4) a- Derive the control gates associated with both the read and write inputs of
memory in the basic computer.
b- The content of PC in. the basic computer is 3AF (all numbers are in
hexadecimal). The content of AC is 7EC3. The content of memory at address
3AF is 932E. The content of memory at address 32E is 09AC. The content of
memory at address 9AC is 8B9F.
a. What is the instruction that will be fetched and executed next?
b. Show the binary operation that will be performed in the AC when the
instruction is executed.
c. Give the contents of registers PC, AR, DR, AC, and IR in hexadecimal and the
values of E, I, and the sequence counter SC in binary at the end of the
instruction cycle.

5) The following program is stored in the memory unit of the basic computer.
_________________________
Location
Instruction
010
CLA
011
ADD 016
012
Bun 014
013
HLT
014
AND 017
015
BUN 013
016
C1A5
017
93C6
_________________________
a- Show the contents of the AC, PC, and IR ( in hexadecimal), at the end, after
each
instruction is executed. All numbers below are in hexadecimal.
b- write down the program with assembly language.
Best Wishes
Prof. Dr. Kadry Montasser

Umm Al-Qurah University

Faculty of Engineering
Department of Computer Engineering

Answer the following questions:

1426/1427 (2nd Term)

Subject: Computer Organization
1st Midterm Exam(G2)
Time allowed: 1 Hour

1) a- Design a common bus system for 16 registers of 32 bits each.

b- Draw a diagram for the bus system of part (a),but use three-state buffers
and a
decoder instead of the multiplexers.
______________________________________________________________________
2) a- What is the value of H in the 4-bit combinational circuit shift if input A is
1011,
S= 0, IR= 1 and IL = 0.
b- The 8-bit registers AR, BR, CR, and DR initially have the following values:
AR = 11010010,

BR = 11100101,

CR = 10001111,

DR = 10010101

Determine the 8-bit values in each register after the execution of the
following
sequence of microoperations.
AR AR + BR
CR CR DR, BR -BR - 1
AR AR -CR
______________________________________________________________________
3) a- Register A holds the 8-bit binary 10011110. Determine the B operand and the
microoperations to be performed in order to change the value in A to:
i- 11111111
ii- 11001111
iii- 00000000
b- Starting from an initial value of R = 10011100, determine the sequence of
binary
values in R after a logical shift- right, followed by a circular shift-left,
followed
by a arithmetic shift-left and circular shift-left again.

Best Wishes
Prof. Dr. Kadry Montasser

Umm Al-Qurah University

Faculty of Engineering
Department of Computer Engineering

Answer the following questions:

1426/1427 (2nd Term)

Subject: Computer Organization
1st Midterm Exam(G3)
Time allowed: 1 Hour

1) a- Design a common bus system for 32 registers of 32 bits each.

b- Draw a diagram for the bus system of part (a),but use three-state buffers
and a
decoder instead of the multiplexers.
______________________________________________________________________
2) a- What is the value of H in the 4-bit combinational circuit shift if input A is
1001,
S= 1, IR= 1 and IL = 1
b- The 8-bit registers AR, BR, CR, and DR initially have the following values:
AR = 10111011,

BR = 10100111,

CR = 11101001,

DR = 10110001

Determine the 8-bit values in each register after the execution of the
following
sequence of microoperations.
AR AR + BR
CR CR ^DR, BR -BR + 1
AR AR -BR
______________________________________________________________________
b- Starting from an initial value of R = 10011010, determine the sequence of
binary
values in R after a arithmetic shift-right, followed by a circular shift-left,
followed by a logical shift-left and circular shift-left again.

Prof. Dr. Kadry Montasser

Umm Al-Qurah University

Faculty of Engineering
Department of Computer Engineering

Attempt the following questions:

Best Wishes

1426/1427 (2nd Term)

Subject: Computer Organization
2nd Midterm Exam (G2&3)
Time allowed: 1 Hours

1) A computer uses a memory unit with 512 kwords of 32 bits each. A binary
instruction code is stored in one word of memory. The instruction has four

parts: and indirect bit, an operation code, a register code part to specify one of
128 registers, and an address part.
i) How many bits are there in the operation code, the register code part, and
the
address part?
ii) Draw the instruction word format and indicate the number of bits in each
part.
iii)
How many bits are there in the data and address inputs of the
memory?
______________________________________________________________________
2) a- Differentiate between the direct and indirect addressing. Demonstrate your
answer with an example for an AND operation
b- Show the contents in hexadecimal of registers PC, AR, M[AR], IR, and SC of
the basic computer when an BSA indirect instruction is fetched from
memory and executed. The initial content of PC is 7AF. The content of
memory at address 7AF is EA9F. The content of memory at address A9F is
0C35. The content of memory at address C35 is 5BC7. Give the answer in a
table with five columns, one for each register and a row for each timing
signal. Show the contents of the registers after the positive transition of each
clock pulse.
______________________________________________________________________
3)a- Derive the control gates associated with the program counter PC in the basic
computer.
b- For each of the following 16-bit instruction, give the equivalent hexadecimal
code and give the meaning of each instruction to be executed and the address
in memory, if exists
i) 1111001000000000
ii) 0111000000001000
iii) 0010100100110101
iv) 1100100011011011
v) 0111000001000000
If the contents of AC and M[AR] are F3A4 and 36D4, respectively,
while E is 0, find the contents of AC and E.

Best Wishes
Prof. Dr. Kadry Montasser

Umm Al-Qurah University

Faculty of Computer& Information Systems
Organization
Department of Computer Engineering

Attempt the following questions:

1426/1427 (2nd Term)

Subject: Computer
Final Exam
Time allowed: 2 Hours

1) a- Aided with neat sketches, explain the theory of operation of the bidirectional
shift register with parallel load.
b- Correct, if needed; the following register transfer statements:
i) XT: R1 R2, R1 R3
ii) Y + T: PC AR, PC PC +1
iii) Z ^ T: R1 + R2, R1 0
______________________________________________________________________
2) a- The register transfer statements for a register R and the memory M in
a computer are as follows:
X3X1 X2: R M [AR]
X2X1X3: R AC
X2X1 : R TR
X3X1 X2: M [AR] R
Draw the hardware implementation of R and the memory in block diagram
form.
b- Show the contents in hexadecimal of registers PC, AR, M [AR], IR, and SC of
the basic computer when an BSA indirect instruction is fetched from memory
and executed. The initial content of PC is 3BE. The content of memory at
address 3BE is FB9E. The content of memory at address B9E is BC35. The
content of memory at address C35 is 5BC7. Give the answer in a table with
five columns, one for each register and a row for each timing signal. Show the
contents of the registers after the positive transition of each clock pulse.
______________________________________________________________________
3) a- Differentiate between the indirect addressing and BSA instruction execution.
Demonstrate your answer with examples.
b- A computer uses a memory of 16384 words, 40 bits in each word. The
instruction code format consists of six bits for the operation part and 14
bits for the address part (no indirect mode bit). Two instructions are
packed in one memory word, and a 40-bit instruction register IR is
available in the control unit. Formulate a procedure for fetching and
executing instructions for this computer.
______________________________________________________________________
4) A computer uses. a memory of 65,536 words with eight bits in each word. It
has the following registers: PC, AR, TR (16 bits each), and AC, DR, IR
(eight bits each). A memory-reference instruction consists of three words:
an 8-bit operation-code (one word) and a 16-bit address (in the next two
words). All operands are eight bits. There is no indirect bit.
i. Draw a block diagram of the computer showing the memory and registers.
(Do not use a common bus).
ii. Draw a diagram showing the placement in memory of a typical threeword instruction and the corresponding 8-bit operand.
iii. List the sequence of microoperations for fetching a memory reference
instruction and then placing the. operand in DR.. Start from timing signal
To.
5) a- Aided with neat sketches, derive the gate structure for controlling the
accumulator register in the basic computer.

b- The following program is stored in the memory of the basic computer.

Location
Instruction
100
7800
101
1106
102
4104
103
7001
104
0107
105
4103
106
B3E6
107
A3D4
i) Show the contents of the AC, PC, and IR ( in hexadecimal), at the end,
after each instruction is executed. All numbers below are in
hexadecimal.
ii) Write down the corresponding program with assembly language.
Best Wishes
Prof. Dr. Kadry Montasser

Umm Al-Qurah University

Faculty of Engineering
Department of Computer Engineering

Attempt the following questions:

1426/1427 (2nd Term)

Subject: Computer Organization
Substitution Exam
Time allowed: 1 Hours

1)a- Differentiate between the indirect addressing and BSA instruction execution.
Demonstrate your answer with examples.

b-A computer uses a memory unit with 512 kwords of 16 bits each. A binary
instruction code is stored in one word of memory. The instruction has four
parts: and indirect bit, an operation code, a register code part to specify one
of 64 registers, and an address part.
i) How many bits are there in the operation code, the register code part, and
the
address part?
iv) Draw the instruction word format and indicate the number of bits
in each part.
v) How many bits are there in the data and address inputs of the
memory?
______________________________________________________________________
2) a- An instruction at address 032 in the basic computer has I = 0, an operation
code of the AND instruction, and an address part equal to 0A2 (all numbers
are in hexadecimal). The memory word at address 0A2 contains the
operand C7F6 and the content of AC is A6C3. Go over the instruction cycle
and determine the contents of the following registers at the end of the
execute phase: PC. AR, DR, AC, and IR..
b- Apply the following instructions: ADD, LDA, STA, BUN, BSA, and ISZ,
consecutively and determine the contents of the same registers.
______________________________________________________________________
3) a- Derive the control gates associated with the program counter AR in the basic
computer.
b- Show the contents in hexadecimal of registers PC, AR, DR, IR, and SC of
the basic computer when an ISZ indirect instruction is fetched from
memory and executed. The initial content of PC is 6EE. The content of
memory at address 6EE is EA9D. The content of memory at address A9D
is 0A6B. The content of memory at address A6B is FEA6. Give the
answer in a table with five columns, one. for each register and a row for
each timing signal. Show the contents of the registers after the positive
transition of each clock pulse.
______________________________________________________________________
4) The content of PC in. the basic computer is 3AF (all numbers are in
hexadecimal). The content of AC is 7EC3. The content of memory at address
3AF is 932E. The content of memory at address 32E is 09AC. The content of
memory at address 9AC is 8B9F.
a. What is the instruction that will be fetched and executed next?
b. Show the binary operation that will be performed in the AC when the
instruction is executed.
c. Give the contents of registers PC, AR, DR, AC, and IR in hexadecimal and
the
values of E, I, and the sequence counter SC in binary at the end of the
instruction cycle.
Best Wishes
Prof. Dr. Kadry Montasser
Umm Al-Qurah University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Computer Engineering

1428/1429 (1st Term)

Subject: Computer Organization
1st Midterm Exam G 3,4

Answer the following questions:

Time allowed: 1 Hour

1) a- Aided with neat sketches, explain the theory of operation of the bidirectional
shift register with parallel load.
b- Correct, if needed; the following register transfer statements:
i) XT : R1 R2, R1 R3
ii) Y + T: PC AR, PC PC +1
iii) Z ^ T: R1 + R2, R1 0
______________________________________________________________________
2) a- Starting from an initial value of R = 11001110, determine the sequence of
binary values in R after an arithmetic shift- right, followed by a circular
shift-left, followed by an arithmetic shift-left and circular shift-left again.
b- The 8-bit registers AR, BR, CR, and DR initially have the following values:
AR = 11010010,

BR = 11100101,

CR = 10001111,

DR = 10010101

Determine the 8-bit values in each register after the execution of the
following
sequence of microoperations.
AR AR + BR
CR CR DR, BR -AR - 1
AR AR -CR
______________________________________________________________________
3) a- Register A holds the 8-bit binary 11010010. Determine the B operand and the
microoperations to be performed in order to change the value in A to:
i- 11111111
ii- 11001111
iii- 00000000
b- Consider the following register transfer statements for two 4-bit registers
R1 and
R2
xT1 : R1 R1- R2
xT1 : R1 R1+1
yT2 : R1 R2
Draw a diagram showing the hardware implementation of the three
statements.

Prof. Dr. Kadry Montasser

Umm Al-Qurah University

Faculty of Engineering
Department of Computer Engineering

Best Wishes

1428/1429 (2nd Term)

Subject: Computer Organization
2nd Midterm Exam

Attempt the following questions:

Time allowed: 1 Hours

1)a- Differentiate between the indirect addressing and BSA instruction execution.
Demonstrate your answer with examples.
b-A computer uses a memory unit with 512 kwords of 16 bits each. A binary
instruction code is stored in one word of memory. The instruction has four
parts: and indirect bit, an operation code, a register code part to specify one
of 64 registers, and an address part.
i) How many bits are there in the operation code, the register code part, and
the
address part?
ii) Draw the instruction word format and indicate the number of bits
in each part.
iii)How many bits are there in the data and address inputs of the
memory?
______________________________________________________________________
2) a- An instruction at address 032 in the basic computer has I = 0, an operation
code of the AND instruction, and an address part equal to 0C5. The
memory word at address 0C5 contains the operand D6E3 and the content
of AC is A6C3. Go over the instruction cycle and determine the contents of
the following registers at the end of the execute phase: PC. AR, DR, AC, and
IR..
b- Apply the following instructions: ADD, LDA, STA, BUN, BSA, and ISZ,
consecutively and determine the contents of the same registers.
______________________________________________________________________
3) a- Derive the control gates associated with the program counter AR in the basic
computer.
b- Show the contents in hexadecimal of registers PC, AR, DR, IR, and SC of
the basic computer when an ISZ indirect instruction is fetched from
memory and executed. The initial content of PC is 6EE. The content of
memory at address 6EE is EA9D. The content of memory at address A9D
is 0A6B. The content of memory at address A6B is FEA6. Give the
answer in a table with five columns, one. for each register and a row for
each timing signal. Show the contents of the registers after the positive
transition of each clock pulse.
Best Wishes
Prof. Dr. Kadry Montasser
Umm Al-Qurah University
1428/1429 (1st Term)
Faculty of Computer& Information Systems
Computer
Organization
Department of Computer Engineering
Final Exam

Answer ONLY 4(four) questions:

Time allowed: 2 Hours
1)a- An 8-bit register contains the binary value 10101101. What is the register
value after executing the following microoperations, consecutively:
i) arithmetic shift right, ii) circulate left right, iii) arithmetic shift left.
b- Given that the contents of AC, E and M[AR} are C3A4, 1, and 3B6D,
respectively. Find for each of the following 16-bit instruction:
i ) 1111000001000000

ii )
iii)
iv)
v)

0111001000000000
0010100100110111
1001100001011010
0111000001000000

1- the equivalent hexadecimal code,

2- the meaning of each instruction to be executed,
3- the address in memory, if exists,
4- the contents of AC after the execution of each instruction.
______________________________________________________________________
_____
2) a- Derive the control gates associated with both the read and write inputs of
memory in the basic computer.
b- Show the contents in hexadecimal of registers PC, AR, DR, IR, and SC of the
basic computer when an ISZ indirect instruction is fetched from memory
and executed. The initial content of PC is 7FE. The content of memory at
address 7FE is A6BF. The content of memory at address 6BF is 23B5. The
content of memory at address 3B5 is FFFF. Give the answer in a table with
five columns, one. for each register and a row for each timing signal. Show
the contents of the registers after the positive transition of each clock pulse.
______________________________________________________________________
_____
3) a- Design a common bus system for 16 registers of 32 bits each.
b- Draw a diagram for the bus system of part (a),but use three-state buffers
and a decoder
instead of the multiplexers.
c- The register transfer statements for a register R and the memory M in a
computer are as
follows:
X3X1 X2: R M [AR]
X2X1X3: R AC
X3X1 X2: M [AR] R
Draw the hardware implementation of R and the memory in block diagram
form.
______________________________________________________________________
_____
4) The content of PC in. the basic computer is 5BD (all numbers are in
hexadecimal). The content of AC is 6BC4. The content of memory at address
5BD is A5C6. The content of memory at address 5C6 is 0C8B. The content of
memory at address C8B is 8B9F.
i. What is the instruction that will be fetched and executed next?
ii. Show the binary operation that will be performed in the AC when the
instruction is executed.
iii. Give the contents of registers PC, AR, DR, AC, and IR in hexadecimal and
the values of E, I, and the sequence counter SC in binary at the end of the
instruction cycle.
5) The following program is stored in the memory of the basic computer.
Location
Instruction
100
7800

101
1106
102
4104
103
3109
104
7001
105
0107
106
4103
107
B3E6
108
A3D4
109
0000
i) Show the contents of the AC, PC, and IR ( in hexadecimal), at the end,
after each instruction is executed. All numbers below are in
hexadecimal.
ii) Write down the corresponding program with assembly language.
Best Wishes
Prof. Dr. Kadry Montasser

Umm Al-Qurah University

1428/1429 (2nd Term)

Faculty of Computer& Information Systems

Computer Org.&
Assembly Language
Department of Computer Science
1st Midterm Exam

Attempt the following questions:

Time allowed: 1 (one)
Hour
1) a- Aided with neat sketches, explain the theory of operation of the bidirectional
shift register with parallel load.
b- Correct, if needed; the following register transfer statements:
i) XT : R1 R2, R1 R3
ii) Y + T: PC AR, PC PC +1
iii) Z ^ T: R1 + R2, R1 0
______________________________________________________________________
_____
2)a- An 8-bit register contains the binary value 11010111. What is the register
value after executing the following microoperations, consecutively:
i) arithmetic shift right, ii) circulate left right, iii) arithmetic shift left.
b- Given that the contents of AC, E and M[AR} are C3A4, 1, and 3B6D,
respectively. Find for each of the following 16-bit instruction:
i ) 1010111001110100
ii ) 0111001000000000
iii) 1001100100110111
iv) 0111000001000000
v ) 0111100000000000
1- the equivalent hexadecimal code,
2- the meaning of each instruction to be executed,
3- the address in memory, if exists,
4- the contents of AC after the execution of each instruction.
______________________________________________________________________
_____
3) A computer uses a memory unit with 512 kwords of 32 bits each. A binary
instruction code is stored in one word of memory. The instruction has four
parts: and indirect bit, an operation code, a register code part to specify one of
128 registers, and an address part.
i) How many bits are there in the operation code, the register code part, and
the
address part?
ii) Draw the instruction word format and indicate the number of bits in each
part.
iv)
How many bits are there in the data and address inputs of the
memory?
______________________________________________________________________
_____
4) a- Design a common bus system for 32 registers of 16 bits each.
b- Draw a diagram for the bus system of part (a),but use three-state buffers
and a decoder
instead of the multiplexers.
Best Wishes
Prof. Dr. Kadry Montasser

Umm Al-Qurah University

Faculty of Engineering
Department of Computer Engineering

Answer the following questions:

1428/1429 (2nd Term)

Subject: Computer Organization
1st Midterm Exam G 3,4
Time allowed: 1 Hour

1) a- Aided with neat sketches, explain the theory of operation of the bidirectional
shift register with parallel load.
b- The register transfer statements for a register R and the memory M in a
computer are as
follows:
X3X1 X2: R M [AR]
X2X1X3: R AC
X3X1 X2: M [AR] R
Draw the hardware implementation of R and the memory in block diagram
form.
______________________________________________________________________
_____
2) a- Starting from an initial value of R = 11001110, determine the sequence of
binary values in R after an arithmetic shift- right, followed by a circular
shift-left, followed by an arithmetic shift-left and circular shift-left again.
b- Design a common bus system for 16 registers of 32 bits each.
c- Draw a diagram for the bus system of part (b), but use three-state buffers
and a decoder
instead of the multiplexers.
______________________________________________________________________
_____
3) The content of PC in. the basic computer is 3AF (all numbers are in
hexadecimal). The content of AC is 7EC3. The content of memory at address
3AF is 932E. The content of memory at address 32E is 09AC. The content of
memory at address 9AC is 8B9F.
a. What is the instruction that will be fetched and executed next?
b. Show the binary operation that will be performed in the AC when the
instruction is executed.
c. Give the contents of registers PC, AR, DR, AC, and IR in hexadecimal and
the
values of E, I, and the sequence counter SC in binary at the end of the
instruction cycle.
______________________________________________________________________
______

4) a- An instruction at address 032 in the basic computer has I = 0, an operation

code of the AND instruction, and an address part equal to 0C5. The
memory word at address 0C5 contains the operand D6E3 and the content
of AC is A6C3. Go over the instruction cycle and determine the contents of
the following registers at the end of the execute phase: PC. AR, DR, AC, and
IR..
b- Apply the following instructions: ADD, LDA, STA, BUN, BSA, and ISZ,
consecutively and determine the contents of the same registers.

Best Wishes
Prof. Dr. Kadry Montasser

Umm Al-Qurah University

Faculty of Engineering
Department of Computer Engineering

Answer the following questions:

1428/1429 (2nd Term)

Subject: Computer Organization
2nd Midterm Exam
Time allowed: 1 Hour

1) Explain why each of the following microoperations cannot be executed during a

single
clock pulse in the system of basic computer. Specify a sequence of
microoperations that will perform the operation.
a- IR M[PC],
b- AC AC + TR,
c- DR DR + AC
______________________________________________________________________
2) The content of PC in. the basic computer is 5BE (all numbers are in
hexadecimal). The content of AC is 2B4E. The content of memory at address
5BE is 952D. The content of memory at address 52D is 24BA. The content of
memory at address 4BA is 6A9E.
a. What is the instruction that will be fetched and executed next?
b. Show the binary operation that will be performed in the AC when the
instruction is executed.
c. Give the contents of registers PC, AR, DR, AC, and IR in hexadecimal and
the values of E, I, and the sequence counter SC in binary at the end of the
instruction cycle.
______________________________________________________________________
_____
3) A computer uses. a memory of 65,536 words with eight bits in each word. It
has the following registers: PC, AR, TR (16 bits each), and AC, DR, IR
(eight bits each). A memory-reference instruction consists of three words:
an 8-bit operation-code (one word) and a 16-bit address (in the next two
words). All operands are eight bits. There is no indirect bit.
i. Draw a block diagram of the computer showing the memory and registers.
(Do not use a common bus).
ii. Draw a diagram showing the placement in memory of a typical threeword instruction and the corresponding 8-bit operand.
iii. List the sequence of microoperations for fetching a memory reference
instruction and then placing the. operand in DR.. Start from timing signal
To.
______________________________________________________________________
_____

4) a- Derive the control gates associated with both the read and write inputs of
memory in the basic computer.
b- A digital computer has a memory unit with a capacity of 16384 words, 40
bits per word. The instruction code format consists of six bits for the
operation part and 14 bits for the address part(no indirect mode bit). Two
instructions are thus packed in one memory word, and a 40-bit instruction
register IR is available in the control unit. Formulate a procedure for
fetching and executing instructions for this computer.

Best Wishes
Prof. Dr. Kadry Montasser

Umm Al-Qurah University

1428/1429 (2nd Term)
Faculty of Computer& Information Systems
Computer
Organization
Department of Computer Engineering
Final Exam
Attempt the following questions:
Time allowed: 2 Hours
1)a- An 8-bit register contains the binary value 11101011. What is the register
value after executing the following microoperations, consecutively:
i) arithmetic shift left, ii) circulate shift right, iii). logic shift right
b- Given that the contents of AC, E and M[AR} are C3A4, 1, and 3B6D,
respectively. Find for each of the following 16-bit instruction:
i ) 1010111001110100
ii ) 0011001000000000
iii) 1001100100110111
iv) 1100100111000000
v ) 0110100110001010
1- the meaning of each instruction to be executed,
2- the contents of PC, AR, AC, E after the execution of each instruction.
______________________________________________________________________
2) a- Aided with neat sketches, derive the control gates associated with the
program counter PC in the basic computer.
b- Suppose that an interrupt occurs and the flip-flop R is set to 1 while the
control is executing the instruction at address 300, aided with neat sketches;
demonstrate the interrupt cycle through which the program returns to the
original situation at the end of the interrupt. Give the sequence of
microoperations.
______________________________________________________________________
_____
3) a- Design a common bus system for 256 registers of 32 bits each.

b- Draw a diagram for the bus system of part (a),but use three-state buffers
and a decoder
instead of the multiplexers.
c-The following register transfers are to be executed in the bus system,
specify: (1) the binary value that must be applied to buss select inputs S 2,
S1 and S0; (2) the register whose LD control input must be active; (3) a
memory read or write operation (if needed); and (4) the operation in the
adder and logic circuit(if any).
i) AC M[AR],
ii) M[AR] TR,
iii) M[AR] PC
iv) ACDR and DRAC (done simultaneously)
______________________________________________________________________
_____
4) a- Aided with neat sketches describe the control unit of the basic computer. Give
an example of control timing signals.
b- Show the contents in hexadecimal of registers PC, AR, DR, IR, and SC of the
basic computer when an ADD indirect instruction is fetched from memory
and executed. The initial content of PC is 7FE. The content of memory at
address 7FE is A6BF. The content of memory at address 6BF is 23B5. The
content of memory at address 3B5 is FFFF. Give the answer in a table with
five columns, one for each register and a row for each timing signal. Show
the contents of the registers after the positive transition of each clock pulse.
______________________________________________________________________
_____
1/2
5) The following program is stored in the memory of the basic computer.
Location
Instruction
250
A256
251
7200
252
7020
253
1257
254
3259
255
7001
256
0258
257
0069
258
FFE6
259
0000
i) Show the contents of the AC, PC, and IR ( in hexadecimal), at the end,
after each instruction is executed. All numbers below are in
hexadecimal.
ii) Write down the corresponding program with assembly language.
iii) Write the address symbol table for the derived program in assembly
language.

Best Wishes
Prof. Dr. Kadry Montasser

2/2
Umm Al-Qurah University
1428/1429 (2nd Term)
Faculty of Computer& Information Systems
Computer Organization&
Assembly Language
Department of Computer Engineering
Final Exam
Attempt the following questions:
Time allowed: 2 Hours
1)a- An 8-bit register contains the binary value 11101000. What is the register
value after executing the following microoperations, consecutively:
i) logic shift right, ii) circulate shift left, iii) arithmetic shift left.
b- The content of PC in. the basic computer is 6BE (all numbers are in
hexadecimal). The content of AC is 7EC3. The content of memory at address
6BE is A4C5. The content of memory at address 4C5 is 16DE. The content of
memory at address 6DE is C3B5.
i) What is the instruction that will be fetched and executed next?
ii) Show the binary operation that will be performed in the AC when the
instruction is
executed.
iii) Give the contents of registers PC, AR, DR, AC, and IR in hexadecimal and
the values
of E, I, and the sequence counter SC in binary at the end of the instruction
cycle.
______________________________________________________________________
_____

2) a- Aided with neat sketches for circuits associated and gates structure for the
control, design the accumulator logic of the basic computer.
b- Suppose that an interrupt occurs and the flip-flop R is set to 1 while the
control is executing the instruction at address 294, aided with neat sketches;
demonstrate the interrupt cycle through which the program returns to the
original situation at the end of the interrupt. Give the sequence of
microoperations.
______________________________________________________________________
_____
3) a- Design a common bus system for 128 registers of 32 bits each.
b- Draw a diagram for the bus system of part (a),but use three-state buffers
and a decoder
instead of the multiplexers.
c- A computer uses a memory unit with 512 kwords of 32 bits each. A binary
instruction code is stored in one word of memory. The instruction has four
parts: and indirect bit, an operation code, a register code part to specify one of
128 registers, and an address part.
i- How many bits are there in the operation code, the register code
part, and the address part?
ii- Draw the instruction word format and indicate the number of bits in
each part.
iii-How many bits are there in the data and address inputs of the
memory?
______________________________________________________________________
_____
4) The content of AC in the basic computer is (5BC3)16 and the initial value
of E is 1. Determine the contents of AC, E, PC, AR, and IR in
hexadecimal after the execution of the CLA instruction. Repeat 11
more times, starting from each one of the register-reference instruction.
The initial value of PC is (034)16.
______________________________________________________________________
_____

1/2

5) The following program is stored in the memory of the basic computer.

Location
Instruction
100
7800
101
1107
102
4105
103
3110
104
7001

105
106
107
108
109
110

0109
4103
0108
B3E6
A3D4
0000

i) Show the contents of the AC, PC, and IR ( in hexadecimal), at the end,
after each instruction is executed. All numbers below are in
hexadecimal.
ii) Write down the corresponding program with assembly language.
iii) Write the address symbol table for the derived program in assembly
language.

Best Wishes
Prof. Dr. Kadry Montasser

2/2
Umm Al-Qurah University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Computer Engineering

Answer the following questions:

1429/1430 (1st Term)

Subject: Computer Organization
1st Midterm Exam
Time allowed: 1 Hour

1)a- Correct, if needed; the following register transfer statements:

i) XT : R1 R2, R1 R3
ii) Y + T: PC AR, PC PC +1
iii) Z ^ T: R1 + R2, R1 0
b- Consider the following register transfer statements for two 4-bit registers
R1 and R2
xT1 : R1 R1- R2
xT1 : R1 R1+1
yT2 : R1 R2
Draw a diagram showing the hardware implementation of the three
statements.
______________________________________________________________________
_____
2) a- Starting from an initial value of R = 11110010, determine the sequence of
binary values in R after an arithmetic shift- right, followed by a circular
shift-left, followed by an arithmetic shift-left and circular shift-left again.
b- Design a common bus system for 32 registers of 64 bits each.
c- Draw a diagram for the bus system of part (b), but use three-state buffers and
a decoder
instead of the multiplexers.
______________________________________________________________________
_____
3- Given that the contents of AC, E and M[AR} are A5EF, 1, and C7AD,
respectively. Find for each of the following 16-bit instruction:
i ) 1111000001000000
ii ) 0111001000000000
iii) 0010100100110111
iv) 1001100001011010
v ) 0111000001000000
1- the equivalent hexadecimal code,
2- the meaning of each instruction to be executed,
3- the address in memory, if exists,
4- the contents of AC after the execution of each instruction.
______________________________________________________________________
______
4) The content of PC in. the basic computer is 6BE (all numbers are in
hexadecimal). The content of AC is 7EC3. The content of memory at address
6BE is A4C5. The content of memory at address 4C5 is 16DE. The content of
memory at address 6DE is C3B5.
i) What is the instruction that will be fetched and executed next?
ii) Show the binary operation that will be performed in the AC when the
instruction is
executed.
iii) Give the contents of registers PC, AR, DR, AC, and IR in hexadecimal and
the values
of E, I, and the sequence counter SC in binary at the end of the instruction
cycle.
___________________________________________________________

Best Wishes

Prof. Dr. Kadry Montasser

Umm Al-Qurah University

1429/1430 (1st Term)
Faculty of Engineering
Subject: Computer Organization
Department of Computer Engineering
1st Midterm Exam

Answer the following questions:

Time allowed: 1 Hour
1)a- The register transfer statements for a register R and the memory M in
a computer are as follows:
X3X1 X2: R M [AR]
X2X1+X3: R AC
X2X1 : R TR
X3X1 X2: M [AR] R
Draw the hardware implementation of R and the memory in block diagram
form.
b- The following register transfers are to be executed in the bus system,
specify: (1) the binary value that must be applied to buss select inputs S 2,
S1 and S0; (2) the register whose LD control input must be active; (3) a
memory read or write operation (if needed); and (4) the operation in the
adder and logic circuit(if any).
i) AC M[AR],
ii) M[AR] TR,
iii) M[AR] PC
iv) ACDR and DRAC (done simultaneously)
______________________________________________________________________
_____
2) A computer uses a memory unit with 512 kwords of 32 bits each. A binary
instruction code is stored in one word of memory. The instruction has four
parts: and indirect bit, an operation code, a register code part to specify one of
256 registers, and an address part.
i) How many bits are there in the operation code, the register code part, and
the
address part?
ii) Draw the instruction word format and indicate the number of bits in each
part.
iii)How many bits are there in the data and address inputs of the memory?
______________________________________________________________________
_____
3) a- Register A holds the 8-bit binary 11110011. Determine the B operand and the
microoperations to be performed in order to change the value in A to:
i- 11100011
ii- 01001001
iii- 00000000
b- What is the value of H in the 4-bit combinational circuit shift if input A is
1001,
S= 1, IR= 1 and IL = 1.
______________________________________________________________________
______
4) a- An instruction at address 045 in the basic computer has I = 0, an operation
code of the ADD instruction, and an address part equal to 092 (all numbers
are in hexadecimal). The memory word at address 092 contains the operand
C7E3 and the content of AC is B8E3. Go over the instruction cycle and

determine the contents of the following registers at the end of the execute
phase: PC. AR, DR, AC, and IR..
b- Repeat four more times starting with an operation code of another memoryreference instruction.
___________________________________________________________
Best Wishes
Prof. Dr. Kadry Montasser

Umm Al-Qurah University

1429/1430 (1st Term)
Faculty of Engineering
Subject:Computer Organization
Department of Computer Engineering
2nd Midterm Exam
______________________________________________________________________
_
Answer the following questions:
Time allowed: 1 Hour
1)a- Aided with a flowchart Differentiate between the interrupt cycle and the BSA
instruction. Illustrate your answer with a memory example before and after
execution.
b- Show the contents in hexadecimal of registers PC, AR, M[AR], IR, and SC of
the basic computer when an BSA indirect instruction is fetched from memory
and executed. The initial content of PC is 7AF. The content of memory at
address 7AF is EA9F. The content of memory at address A9F is 0C35. The
content of memory at address C35 is 5BC7. Give the answer in a table with
five columns, one for each register and a row for each timing signal. Show the
contents of the registers after the positive transition of each clock pulse.
2)a- Derive the control gates associated with the program counter PC in the basic
computer.
b- A computer uses. a memory of 65,536 words with eight bits in each word.
It has the following registers: PC, AR, TR (16 bits each), and AC, DR, IR
(eight bits each). A memory-reference instruction consists of three words:
an 8-bit operation-code (one word) and a 16-bit address (in the next two
words). All operands are eight bits. There is no indirect bit.
i. Draw a block diagram of the computer showing the memory and
registers. (Do not use a common bus).
ii. Draw a diagram showing the placement in memory of a typical threeword instruction and the corresponding 8-bit operand.
iii. List the sequence of microoperations for fetching a memory reference
instruction and then placing the. operand in DR.. Start from timing signal
To.

3)a- Aided with neat sketches describe the control unit of the basic computer.
Give an example of control timing signals.
b-The content of AC in the basic computer is (5BC3)16 and the initial value of
E is 1. Determine the contents of AC, E, PC, AR, and IR in hexadecimal
after the execution of the CLA instruction. Repeat 11 more times, starting
from each one of the register-reference instruction. The initial value of PC is
(034)16.
______________________________________________________________________
_
Best Wishes
Prof. Dr. Kadry Montasser

Umm Al-Qurah University

1429/1430 (2nd Term)
Faculty of Computer& Information Systems
Computer Organization
Department of Computer Engineering
Final Exam
______________________________________________________________________
_Attempt the following questions:
Time allowed: 2 Hours
1) a- Design a common bus system for 256 registers of 32 bits each.
b- Draw a diagram for the bus system of part (a),but use three-state buffers
and a decoder instead of the multiplexers.
c- The following register transfers are to be executed in the bus system,
specify: (1) the binary value that must be applied to buss select inputs S 2,
S1 and S0; (2) the register whose LD control input must be active; (3) a
memory read or write operation (if needed); and (4) the operation in the
adder and logic circuit (if any).
i) AC M [AR],
ii) M [AR] TR,
iii) M[AR] PC
iv) ACDR and DRAC (done simultaneously)
2) a- Aided with neat sketches, explain the theory of operation of the 4-bit
arithmetic circuit.
b- The register transfer statements for a register R and the memory M in a
computer are as follows:
X3X1 X2: R M [AR]
X2X1X3: R AC

X3X1 X2: M [AR] R

Draw the hardware implementation of R and the memory in block diagram
form.
3) a-Aided with neat sketches describe the control unit of the basic computer. Give
an example of control timing signals.
b- Suppose that an interrupt occurs and the flip-flop R is set to 1 while the
control is executing the instruction at address 294, aided with neat sketches;
demonstrate the interrupt cycle through which the program returns to the
original situation at the end of the interrupt. Give the sequence of
microoperations.
4) a- Derive the control gates associated with the program counter AR in the basic
computer.
b- A computer uses a memory of 16384 words, 40 bits in each word. The
instruction code format consists of six bits for the operation part and 14 bits
for the address part (no indirect mode bit). Two instructions are packed in
one memory word, and a 40-bit instruction register IR is available in the
control unit. Formulate a procedure for fetching and executing instructions
for this computer
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5) The following program is stored in the memory of the basic computer.
Location
Instruction
100
7800
101
A110
102
7200
103
7020
104
1111
105
7200
106
7020
107
1113
108
3114
109
7001
110
4112
111
6E8D
112
3DE3
113
A567
114
0000
i) Write down the corresponding basic program,
ii) Show the contents of the AC and PC (in hexadecimal), at the end, after
each instruction is executed.
iii) Write down the corresponding assembly language program.
iii) Added with a flowchart, show how the assembler goes through the
derived assembly language program for the FIRST PASS.
______________________________________________________________________
_

Best Wishes

Prof. Dr. Kadry Montasser

Umm Al-Qurah University

1429/1430 (2nd Term)
Faculty of Computer& Information Systems
Subject: Computer Organization
Department of Computer Science
1st Midterm Exam

Answer the following questions:

Time allowed: 1 Hour
1)a- Correct, if needed; the following register transfer statements:
i) XT : R1 R2, R1 R3
ii) Y + T: PC AR, PC PC +1
iii) Z ^ T: R1 + R2, R1 0
b- Consider the following register transfer statements for two 4-bit registers
R1 and R2
xT1 : R1 R1- R2
xT1 : R1 R1+1
yT2 : R1 R2
Draw a diagram showing the hardware implementation of the three
statements.)
______________________________________________________________________
2)a- An 8-bit register contains the binary value 11101000. What is the register
value after executing the following microoperations, consecutively:
i) logic shift right, ii) circulate shift left, iii) arithmetic shift left.
b- Design a common bus system for 128 registers of 32 bits each.
c- Draw a diagram for the bus system of part (b),but use three-state buffers and
a decoder instead of the multiplexers.
______________________________________________________________________
3- Given that the contents of AC, E and M[AR} are A5EF, 1, and C7AD,
respectively. Find for each of the following 16-bit instruction:
i ) 1100010011011000
ii ) 0111001000000000
iii) 0010100100110111
iv) 1001100001011010
v ) 0111000001000000
1- the equivalent hexadecimal code,
2- the meaning of each instruction to be executed,
3- the address in memory, if exists,
4- the contents of AC after the execution of each instruction.
______________________________________________________________________
4) The content of AC in the basic computer is (5BC3)16 and the initial value of E is
1. Determine the contents of AC, E, PC, AR, and IR in hexadecimal after the
execution of the CLA instruction. Repeat 11 more times, starting from each one
of the register-reference instruction. The initial value of PC is (034)16.
______________________________________________________________________
Best Wishes
Prof. Dr. Kadry Montasser

Umm Al-Qurah University

Faculty of Computer& Information Systems
Department of Computer Science

Answer the following questions:

1429/1430 (2nd Term)

Subject: Computer Organization
2nd Midterm Exam
Time allowed: 1 Hour

1) a- Aided with a flowchart Differentiate between the interrupt cycle and the BSA
instruction. Illustrate your answer with a memory example before and after
execution.
b- Show the contents in hexadecimal of registers PC, AR, M[AR], IR, and SC of
the basic computer when an BSA indirect instruction is fetched from memory
and executed. The initial content of PC is 7AF. The content of memory at
address 7AF is EA9F. The content of memory at address A9F is 0C35. The
content of memory at address C35 is 5BC7. Give the answer in a table with
five columns, one for each register and a row for each timing signal. Show the
contents of the registers after the positive transition of each clock pulse.
______________________________________________________________________
2) a-Aided with neat sketches describe the control unit of the basic computer. Give
an example of control timing signals.
b- The following register transfers are to be executed in the bus system,
specify: (1) the binary value that must be applied to buss select inputs S 2,
S1 and S0; (2) the register whose LD control input must be active; (3) a
memory read or write operation (if needed); and (4) the operation in the
adder and logic circuit (if any).
i) AC M [AR],
ii) M [AR] AC + M[AR],
iii) M[AR]
PC
iv) ACDR and DRAC (done simultaneously)
______________________________________________________________________
3) a- Aided with neat sketches, derive the control gates associated with the
program counter PC in the basic computer.
b- The content of PC in. the basic computer is 5BE (all numbers are in
hexadecimal). The content of AC is 2B4E. The content of memory at address
5BE is 952D. The content of memory at address 52D is 24BA. The content of
memory at address 4BA is 6A9E.
a. What is the instruction that will be fetched and executed next?
b. Show the binary operation that will be performed in the AC when the
instruction is executed.
c. Give the contents of registers PC, AR, DR, AC, and IR in hexadecimal and
the values of E, I, and the sequence counter SC in binary at the end of the
instruction cycle.
______________________________________________________________________
Best Wishes
Prof. Dr. Kadry Montasser

Umm Al-Qurah University

1429/1430 (2nd Term)
Faculty of Computer& Information Systems
Computer Organization
Department of Computer Engineering
Final Exam
______________________________________________________________________
Attempt the following questions:
Time allowed: 2 Hours
1) a- Design a common bus system for 256 registers of 32 bits each.
b- Draw a diagram for the bus system of part (a), but use three-state buffers
and a decoder instead of the multiplexers.
c- The register transfer statements for a register R and the memory M
in a computer are as follows:
X3X1 X2: R M [AR]
X2X1X3: R AC
X2X1 : R TR
X3X1 X2: M [AR] R
Draw the hardware implementation of R and the memory in block diagram
form.
2) a- Differentiate between the direct and indirect addressing. Demonstrate your
answer with an example for an ADD operation.
b- For each of the following 16-bit instruction, give the equivalent hexadecimal
code and give the meaning of each instruction to be executed and the address
in memory, if exists
i) 1111001000000000
ii) 0111000000001000
iii) 0010100100110101
iv) 1100100011011011
v) 0111000001000000
If the contents of AC and M[AR] are F3A4 and 36D4, respectively,
while E is 0, find the contents of AC and E.
3) a- Starting from an initial value of R = 11001110, determine the sequence
of binary values in R after a logical shift- right, followed by a circular
shift-left, followed by a logical shift-left and circular shift-left again.
a- The 8-bit registers AR, BR, CR, and DR initially have the following values:
AR = 11110010,

BR = 11111111,

CR = 10111001,

DR = 11101010

Determine the 8-bit values in each register after the execution of the following
sequence of microoperations.
AR AR + BR
CR CR DR, BR -BR + 1

AR AR -CR
1/2 PTO the page

4) a- Aided with neat sketches, derive the gate structure for controlling the
accumulator register in the basic computer.
b- Show the contents in hexadecimal of registers PC, AR, OR, IR, and SC of the
basic computer when an ISZ indirect instruction is fetched from memory
and executed. The initial content of PC is 7FF. The content of memory at
address 7FF is EA9F. The content of memory at address A9F is 0C35. The
content of memory at address C35 is FFFF. Give the answer in a table with
five columns, one. for each register and a row for each timing signal. Show
the contents of the registers after the positive transition of each clock pulse.
5) The following program is stored in the memory of the basic computer.
Location
Instruction
100
7800
101
1106
102
4104
103
7001
104
0107
105
4103
106
B3E6
107
A3D4
i) Show the contents of the AC, PC, and IR ( in hexadecimal), at the end,
after each instruction is executed. All numbers below are in
hexadecimal.
ii) Write down the corresponding program with assembly language.
______________________________________________________________________
Best Wishes
Prof. Dr. Kadry Montasser

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