Fuzzy logic

Phn 2

GV: L Hoi Long

Fuzzy?
Nhng hnh di y c mu g?

GV: L Hoi Long

Fuzzy?
Cc c gi p?

GV: L Hoi Long

Fuzzy?
Ti v bn, ai cao?

GV: L Hoi Long

Fuzzy logic
Khi nim v fuzzy logic c thai nghn
bi gio s Lotfi Zadeh ca i hc UC
Berkeley vo nm 1965
Cho php gii quyt vn thng tin
khng chnh xc (imprecision) hay khng
chc chn (uncertain)
L thuyt fuzzy cung cp mt c ch x l
cc thng tin c tnh ngn ng (linguistic)
nh l nhiu, thp, trung bnh, rt
Cung cp mt cu trc suy lun tng t
nh kh nng lp lun ca con ngi.
GV: L Hoi Long

S chnh xc c chnh xc?

Precision is not truth (Henri Matisse)
Sometimes the more measurable
drives out the most important (Rene
Dubos)
So far as the laws of mathematics
refer to reality, they are not certain.
And so far as they are certain, they
do not refer to reality (Albert
Einstein)
GV: L Hoi Long

Fuzzy logic
L lun chnh xc ch l mt trng hp gii
hn ca l lun xp x (approximate
reasoning)
Mi th ch l vn ca mc (matter of
degree)
Kin thc ch l mt tp hp ca cc rng
buc m c tnh n hi trn mt tp hp
cc bin
Suy lun ch l mt qu trnh lan truyn
ca cc rng buc n hi
Bt c mt h lun l (logic) no cng c
th lm m (fuzzify)
GV: L Hoi Long

Fuzzy set
Gi X l mt tp khng rng
(nonempty set)
Mt tp fuzzy A trong X c c
trng bi mt hm thnh vin
(membership function) A (hay l A)

A : X [0,1]
GV: L Hoi Long

Fuzzy set
V d: Nu gi chiu cao t 1,7m l
cao trong tp crisp (cng nhc), tp
fuzzy ca ngi c coi l cao c
c trng bi hm thnh vin nh
sau

0
1,5

1,7
GV: L Hoi Long

Chiu cao
9

Bi tp 1
Vi iu kin no c chp nhn,
hy v hm thnh vin ca tp fuzzy
th hin gi bn mt xe t l r

0
Gi tin
GV: L Hoi Long

10

Fuzzy set
Nu X={x1, x2,,xn} l mt tp hu
hn (finite) v A l mt tp fuzzy,
chng ta c th s dng k hiu sau
trnh by:

A 1 / x1 2 / x2 ... n / xn
i/xi th hin mc thnh vin ca xi
trong tp fuzzy A

GV: L Hoi Long

11

Fuzzy set
V d nu ta c X={-2,-1,0,1,2,3} v
A l mt tp fuzzy c th trnh by
nh sau:
A 0.0 / 2 0.3 / 1 0.6 / 0 1.0 / 1 0.6 / 2 0.0 / 3 0.0 / 4

?
GV: L Hoi Long

12

Mt s khi nim trong l thuyt

fuzzy

Support
-cut
Tp fuzzy li (convex)
Tp fuzzy thng (normal)
S fuzzy

GV: L Hoi Long

13

Support ca tp fuzzy
Gi A l mt tp fuzzy thuc X, support
ca A (k hiu supp(A)) l mt tp con
cng (crisp) ca X sao cho:

supp( A) {x X A( x) 0}

A
1

supp( A) ....................

0
x1

x2
GV: L Hoi Long

14

-cut
L mt tp phi fuzzy (k hiu l [A])
c nh ngha nh sau:
{t X A(t ) } if 0
A
cl (supp(A)) if 0

cl(supp(A)) l khong ng ca supp(A)

GV: L Hoi Long

15

Bi tp 2
Hy tm -cut (0<0.3; 0.3<0.6;
0.6<1) nu ta c X={-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4}
v A l mt tp fuzzy nh sau:
A 0.0 / 2 0.3 / 1 0.6 / 0 1.0 / 1 0.6 / 2 0.0 / 3 0.0 / 4
Hy tm -cut ti =0.5

0
1,5

1,7
GV: L Hoi Long

Chiu cao
16

Convex fuzzy set

Mt tp fuzzy A thuc X c gi l
li nu cc tp con mc (-level)
l mt tp li ca X [0,1]

GV: L Hoi Long

17

Tp Fuzzy thng
Mt tp fuzzy c gi l thng
(normal) nu tn ti gi tr xX sao
cho A(x) = 1.

GV: L Hoi Long

18

Fuzzy number
Mt s fuzzy A l mt tp fuzzy vi
hm thnh vin lin tc, li v thng

GV: L Hoi Long

19

Fuzzy number

GV: L Hoi Long

20

S fuzzy tam gic

a t
if a - t a
1
a t
A(t ) 1
if a t a

0 otherwise

-cut ti =0.5?
GV: L Hoi Long

21

S fuzzy hnh thang

a t
if a - t a
1

1 if a t b
A(t )
1 a t
if b t b

0 othewise

-cut ti =0.5?
GV: L Hoi Long

22

Cc s fuzzy khc
S fuzzy dng tam gic v hnh thang
hay c s dng.
Cc s fuzzy khc u c th s dng
trong cc trng hp ph hp khc

Bell
Gaussian
Sigmoid

GV: L Hoi Long

23

Mt s php logic thng s dng

vi s fuzzy
Php giao (intersection)
Php hp (union)
Php ly phn b (complement negation)

GV: L Hoi Long

24

Php giao 2 s fuzzy

Giao ca 2 s fuzzy A v B c nh
ngha nh sau:

( A B )(t ) min{ A(t ), B (t )}

A(t ) B (t )

GV: L Hoi Long

for all t X

25

Php hp 2 s fuzzy
Hp ca 2 s fuzzy A v B c nh
ngha nh sau:

( A B )(t ) max{ A(t ), B(t )}

A(t ) B (t )

GV: L Hoi Long

for all t X

26

Php b ca s fuzzy
Phn b ca tp fuzzy c nh
ngha nh sau (-A hoc ):

( A)(t ) 1 A(t )
A ( A) .........?
A ( A) .........?
GV: L Hoi Long

27

Tnh cht ca fuzzy set

Tnh
Tnh
Tnh
Tnh
Tnh
Tnh
Tnh

giao hon (commutativity)

kt hp (associativity)
phn phi (Distributivity)
hon nguyn (Idempotency)
ng nht (Identity)
bc cu (Transitivity)
cun (Involution)

GV: L Hoi Long

28

Tnh cht ca fuzzy set

Tnh giao hon (commutativity)

A B B A
A B B A
Tnh kt hp (associativity)

A ( B C ) ( A B) C
A ( B C ) ( A B) C
Tnh phn phi (Distributivity)
A ( B C ) ( A B) ( A C )
A ( B C ) ( A B) ( A C )
GV: L Hoi Long

29

Tnh cht ca fuzzy set

Tnh hon nguyn (Idempotency)

A A A and A A A
Tnh ng nht (Identity)

A A and A X A
A and A X X

Tnh bc cu (Transitivity)

if A B C then A C
Tnh cun (Involution)

(( A)) A
GV: L Hoi Long

30

Luyn tp
1 0 .5 0 .6 0 .2 0 .6
A

4
5
6
2 3
0.5 0.8 0.4 0.7 0.3
B

3
4
5
6
2

Tm phn b ca A v B v giao ca A v B

A B

GV: L Hoi Long

31

Extension principle
Ta c mt tp fuzzy A trn X v
y=f(.) l mt hm s nh x t X qua
Y.
( xn )

(
x
)
(
x
)

1
2
A

...
x1
x2
xn
Lc ny nh ca A trn Y qua php
nh x f(.) l tp fuzzy B c dng:
( xn )

(
x
)
(
x
)

1
2
B f ( A)

...
y1
y2
yn
GV: L Hoi Long

32

Extension principle
Nh vy tp fuzzy kt qu B c th
c xc nh thng qua cc gi tr ca
f(xi)
Nu f(.) l mt hm nh x many-toone th s tn ti gi tr xm, xn thuc X
sao cho f(xn)=f(xm)=y, y thuc Y. Lc
ny gi tr hm thnh vin ca tp B s
l gi tr ln nht ca (A(xn),A(xm))

B ( y ) max A ( x)
x f 1 ( y )

GV: L Hoi Long

33

Extension principle
V d: hy tm nh x ca A qua
f(x)=x2 - 3
A 0.1

0.4

0.8 0.9 0.3

1
0
1
2

GV: L Hoi Long

34

Extension principle
Nu hm f l mt nh x t khng gian
n chiu X1X2Xn ti khng gian Y
sao cho y=f(x1,x2,,xi) v A1,A2, , An
l n tp fuzzy trong X1, X2, , Xn. Tp
fuzzy B l kt qu ca nh x f c
nh ngha bi:

-1

max
min

(
x
)
,
if
f
( y)
i
Ai
i
( x1 , x2 ,..., xn ),( x1 , x2 ,..., xn ) f 1 ( y )
B ( y)
0,
if f -1( y )

GV: L Hoi Long

35

Php tng hp (composition)

C 2 php tng hp:
Max-min composition
Max-product composition

Php max-min c s dng rng ri

nhng v mt s cc kh khn trong
phn tch nn max-product l php
tng hp c xut s dng nh
mt php thay th

GV: L Hoi Long

36

Max-min composition (sup min)

Gi R1 l quan h gia nhng thnh
phn t X n Y. Gi R2 l quan h
gia nhng thnh phn t Y n Z.
Max-min composition ca R1 v R2
c nh ngha

R R ( x, z ) max min R ( x, y ), R ( y, z )
1

y R1 ( x, y ) R2 ( y, z )
GV: L Hoi Long

37

Max-product composition
Gi R1 l quan h gia nhng thnh
phn t X n Y. Gi R2 l quan h
gia nhng thnh phn t Y n Z.
Max-product composition ca R1 v
R2 c nh ngha

R R ( x, z ) max R ( x, y ), R ( y, z )
1

y R1 ( x, y ) R2 ( y, z )
GV: L Hoi Long

38

Quan h fuzzy (fuzzy relation)

Quan h fuzzy (fuzzy relation) l cc tp
con fuzzy ca XY, X+Y, nh x t X
n Y thng qua Cartesian product ca X
v Y. Mt quan h fuzzy R ang nh x t
khng gian Cartesian XY n on [0,1]
vi cng (strength) nh x c th
hin bi hm thnh vin ca quan h .
Cng thc sau din t quan h fuzzy trn
XY :

R ( x, y ), R ( x, y ) ( x, y ) X Y
GV: L Hoi Long

39

Quan h fuzzy
V d mt s cc quan h fuzzy:
x gn bng y (nu x v y l con s)
x ph thuc vo y (nu x, y l cc s
kin)
x tng ng y
Nu x bng (l) tnh cht 1, th y l tnh
cht 2 (lut if then)

GV: L Hoi Long

40

Bi tp 3
Nu ta c nhit phng (A) c 3 mc
nhit ln lt x={x1,x2,x3} v
tng ng l tnh trng iu chnh my
iu ha nhit (B) y={y1,y2}, trnh
by mi quan h fuzzy ca nhit tnh trng iu ha
0.4 0.7 0.1
A

x1 x 2 x3
0.5 0.8
B

y1 y 2
GV: L Hoi Long

41

Php tng hp quan h fuzzy

Nu c 2 hay nhiu cc quan h fuzzy
R1=XY, R2=YZ, v chng ta cn
tng hp chng. Lc ny cc php
tng hp Max-min v Max-product s
c s dng
V d chng ta c quan h gia nhit
v tnh trng my iu ha v
quan h tnh trng my v tin in
phi tr, v chng ta mun tng hp
2 quan h ny
GV: L Hoi Long

42

Bi tp 4
V d chng ta c quan h R1 gia
nhit -tnh trng my (v d trn)
v quan h R2 gia tnh trng mytin in tr (C), hy tm kt qu ca
tng hp 2 mi quan h ny (nhit
-tin in) (c Max-min v Maxproduct)

0.4 0.8
C

z1 z 2
GV: L Hoi Long

43

Tnh ton s vi s fuzzy

Bn php tnh c bn vi s fuzzy

Php
Php
Php
Php

cng (addition)
tr (subtraction)
chia (division)
nhn (multiplication)

Gi s chng ta c 2 s fuzzy A v B,
cc kt qu ca 4 php ton gia
chng c th c nh ngha theo
cc cng thc
GV: L Hoi Long

44

Tnh ton s vi s fuzzy

Php cng (addition) fuzzy:
( A B )( z ) max min A( x), B( y )
z x y
Php tr (subtraction) fuzzy
( A B )( z ) max min A( x), B( y )
z x y

Php nhn fuzzy

( A B )( z ) max minA( x), B( y )
z x y

Php chia fuzzy

( A / B )( z ) max minA( x), B ( y )
z x / y

GV: L Hoi Long

45

Php ton vi s fuzzy hnh thang

Nu ta c 2 s fuzzy hnh thang
(trapezoidal) c nh ngha nh slide
phn u v c dng di (a1,b10)
A=(a1,a2,a3,a4) v B=(b1,b2,b3,b4)

A+B=(a1+b1,a2+b2,a3+b3,a4+b4)
A-B=(a1-b4,a2-b3,a3-b2,a4-b1)
AB=(a1b1,a2b2,a3b3,a4b4)
A/B=(a1/b4,a2/b3,a3/b2,a4/b1)
(ka1, ka 2, ka3, ka 4) if k 0
kA
(ka 4,ka3,ka 2,ka1 ) if k 0
GV: L Hoi Long

46

Bi tp 5
Tnh ton cc php +,-,*,/ cho 2 s
fuzzy c dng A=(1,2,3,4) v
B=(3,4,5,6)
Hai s fuzzy c dng A=(2,3,4,5) v
B=(3,4,5)

GV: L Hoi Long

47

Php ton vi s fuzzy

Cc cng thc tnh ton nhanh l g
nu:
Nu cc s fuzzy hnh thang slide
trc khng dng (a1,b1<0)?
Nu cc s fuzzy tam gic?

GV: L Hoi Long

48

Php ton vi s fuzzy

Chng ta c th da vo cc php
ton trn on ng [a,b] v [c,d]
nh sau:
[a,b]+[c,d]=[a+c,b+d]
[a,b]-[c,d]=[a-d, b-c]
[a,b]*[c,d]=[min(ac,ad,bc,bd),
max(ac,ad,bc,bd)
[a,b]/[c,d]=[a,b]*[1/d,1/c]
=[min(a/d,a/c,b/d,b/c),
max(a/d,a/c,b/d,b/c)
GV: L Hoi Long

49

Bi tp 6
Hy thit lp cng thc tnh ton cho
2 s fuzzy tam gic dng c dng
(a1,b1,c1) v (a2,b2,c2)
Hy tnh cc kt qu +,-,*,/ cho 2 s
fuzzy sau (-4,-2,0) v (-2,0,2)

GV: L Hoi Long

50

Php ly trung bnh (average)

Nu chng ta c n responses (Ai fuzzy). Chng ta cn ly tr trung
bnh ca cc responses (Aav). Cch
ly nh sau:

1
Aav A1 A2 ... An
n

GV: L Hoi Long

51

Bin ngn ng (linguistic variable)

m phng suy ngh ca con ngi
Tng hp thng tin v trnh by di
dng fuzzy
V d:
Tui = {tr, trung nin, gi}
Tui = {rt tr, tr, trung nin, gi, rt
gi}
Nhn nh = {khng chnh xc, tng
i, chnh xc}
Tc = {chm, nhanh, rt nhanh}
GV: L Hoi Long

52

Bin ngn ng (linguistic variable)

V d nu chng ta c bin linguistic
v tui (T) nh sau:

Rt tr - T<15
Tr - 12T<30
Trung nin - 25T<50
Gi - 45T<65
Rt gi T>60

GV: L Hoi Long

53

Bin ngn ng (linguistic variable)

GV: L Hoi Long

54

Bin ngn ng (linguistic variable)

Khi s dng bin ngn ng, chng ta
c th dng phng php khuch i
(intensify) cho ra cc nhn nh
khc t cc nhn nh fuzzy gc
V d: nhn nh gc gi, chng ta
c th dng cch khuch i tm
tng i gi, rt gi

GV: L Hoi Long

55

Khuch i
Khuch i c xem nh l th bin
i ca bin ngn ng ban u v
c nh ngha nh sau:

A A ( x) / x
k

2 khuch i thng c s dng l

k=0.5 (gin n (dilation) v d: t
hn) v k=2 (c c (concentration)
v d: rt) (xem ti liu)
GV: L Hoi Long

56

Khuch i
V d: Nu chng ta c bin fuzzy ri
ro th chng ta c th tm c:
t ri ro = Dil(ri ro) (k=0.5)
rt ri ro = Con(ri ro) (k=2)
cc k ri ro = Con(Con(ri ro))
(k=2*2=4)

GV: L Hoi Long

57

Khuch i
V d: nhn nh gc gi, chng ta
c th dng cch khuch i tm
tng i gi, rt gi

GV: L Hoi Long

58

Lut fuzzy If-Then

Lut if-then hay cn gi l pht biu
c iu kin (conditional statement)
c dng nh sau:
If
(x1 is A1)
and (x2 is A2)
and
then y is B

GV: L Hoi Long

59

Lut fuzzy If-Then

V d:
If (chm tr > 1 tun) then (pht = 20
triu )
If (ri ro = cao) then (quyt nh =
khng thc hin)

GV: L Hoi Long

60

L lun fuzzy (fuzzy reasoning)

Thng qua mt lut c xc
nhn, chng ta c th rt ra mt kt
lun (conclusion) t mt s tht
(fact-truth) c ghi nhn.
V d:
Lut: c xc nh l nu im thi di
5 th kt qu nh gi l khng t.
S tht: mt hc vin t im thi softcomputing di 5.
Kt lun: hc vin khng qua mn
GV: L Hoi Long

61

L lun fuzzy (fuzzy reasoning)

L lun:
Rule:
if (x is A) then (y is B)
Fact:
x is A
Conclusion: y is B

M rng:
Rule:
if (x is A) then (y is B)
Fact:
x is A
Conclusion: y is B

Nu A gn nh A, v B gn nh B
GV: L Hoi Long

62

L lun fuzzy (fuzzy reasoning)

Mt s dng l lun:
Mt lut (rule) cng mt iu kin
(antecedent)
Mt lut gm nhiu iu kin
Nhiu lut v nhiu iu kin

GV: L Hoi Long

63

L lun fuzzy (fuzzy reasoning)

Mt lut (rule) cng mt iu kin
(antecedent)
Rule:
if (x is A) then (y is B)
Fact:
x is A
Conclusion: y is B
A

B
B

x
GV: L Hoi Long

y
64

L lun fuzzy (fuzzy reasoning)

Mt lut (rule) gm nhiu iu kin
(antecedent)
Rule:
if (x1 is A1) and (x2 is A2)
then (y is B)
Fact:
x1 is A1 and x2 is A2
Conclusion: y is B
min
A

B
B

A1

x1

A2
GV: L Hoi Long

x2

y
65

L lun fuzzy (fuzzy reasoning)

Nhiu lut (rule) gm nhiu iu kin
(antecedent)
Rule:

if (x1 is A1) and (x2 is A2)

then (y is B1)
and (x1 is A1) and (x2 is A2)
then (y is B2)
Fact:
x1 is A1 and x2 is A2
Conclusion: y is B

GV: L Hoi Long

66

L lun fuzzy (fuzzy reasoning)

Nhiu lut (rule) gm nhiu iu kin
(antecedent)
min
A1

A2

B1

B1
A2

A1

A2

A1

A1

x1

B2

A2

x2

B2

y
B
y

GV: L Hoi Long

67

Bi tp 7
Cho tp fuzzy hnh thang A=(1,2,3,4)
ca mt nh gi yu t ri ro v tp
fuzzy B=(1,2,3) ca hu qu ca mc
nh gi ri ro . Mt lut ni rng
nu ri ro l A th hu qu s l B.
Hy v minh ha quan h fuzzy cho ri
ro ny
Nu ri ro thc t c nh gi l
A=(1.5,2,3.5,4). Hy v minh ha hu
qu ca nh gi ri ro ny
GV: L Hoi Long

68

Bi tp 8
By gi hu qu trn l kt hp ca
mc nh gi yu t ri ro A v mc
nh gi ca yu t ri ro
A1=(2,3,4,5).
Hy v minh ha quan h fuzzy ny
Nu ri ro thc t c nh gi cho A l
A=(1.5,2,3.5,4) v A1=(2,3,4.5,5). Hy
v minh ha hu qu ca nh gi ri ro
ny

GV: L Hoi Long

69

Mt s m hnh suy lun fuzzy

(fuzzy inference model)
C 3 m hnh suy lun fuzzy thng
c cp:
Mamdanis
Sugenos
Tsukamotos

Cc m hnh ny khc nhau cch

x l u ra (then )
Trong qun l xy dng thng s
dng Mamdanis
GV: L Hoi Long

70

Mamdanis
M hnh Mamdanis c th c gi l
m hnh singleton output
membership function
Sau qu trnh x l vi fuzzy, c cc
tp fuzzy cho tng bin u ra m
chng ta cn phi gii m
c s dng rt rng ri

GV: L Hoi Long

71

Mamdanis
V d:

GV: L Hoi Long

72

Mamdanis - Ph m
(Defuzzification)
Kt qu ca x l, tnh ton m bn
thn n m
Sau khi tnh ton v x l vi fuzzy
set, cng vic cui cng l phi ph
m kt qu cui cng c th s
dng n
Kt qu gii m l a ra mt con s
trn tp crisp

GV: L Hoi Long

73

Mamdanis - Ph m
(Defuzzification)
Mt s phng php gii m

Smallest of Max
Largest of Max
Mean of Max
Centroid of Area (Center of mass gravity)
Bisector of Area

GV: L Hoi Long

74

Mamdanis - Ph m
(Defuzzification)
Smallest of Max: l gi tr nh nht
ca cc gi tr c gi tr thnh vin
ln nht
Largest of Max: l gi tr ln nht ca
cc gi tr c gi tr thnh vin ln
nht

y
SoM

LoM
GV: L Hoi Long

75

Mamdanis - Ph m
(Defuzzification)
Mean of Max: l gi tr trung bnh ca
cc gi tr c gi tr thnh vin ln
nht

y
MoM

GV: L Hoi Long

76

Mamdanis - Ph m
(Defuzzification)
Bisector of Area: l gi tr ti din
tch c chia lm 2 phn bng nhau
Centroid of Area: l v tr tm trng
trng tm qun tnh(??) (gravity)
ca phn cn gii m (thng s
dng)

y
BoA

CoA

GV: L Hoi Long

77

Bi tp 9
Hy ph m kt qu bi tp 7 v 8
phn trc

GV: L Hoi Long

78

Cc bc trin khai m hnh

Mamdanis
1. Xc nh tp hp lut fuzzy
2. Fuzzy ha u vo s dng hm thnh
vin
3. X l cc thng tin u vo fuzzy
ha theo cc lut fuzzy
4. Xc nh kt qu (l cc output tng
ng) ca cc lut fuzzy
5. Thng tin input mi => xc nh hnh
dng ca phn phi output tng ng
6. Tin hnh ph m
GV: L Hoi Long

79

Sugenos
Cn gi l m hnh Takagi-Sugeno
Lut c bn ca m hnh:
IF x is A and y is B THEN z=f(x,y)
Trong f(.) l hm crisp

GV: L Hoi Long

80

Sugenos
Hm f(.) c th c nhiu bc:
Bc 0 (zero-order)
f(x,y) = C
Bc 1 (first order)
f(x,y) = ax+by+C
(Rt t khi s dng)

GV: L Hoi Long

81

Sugenos
Mi lut trong m hnh s c 1 u ra
l crisp
Kt qu u ra cui cng l bnh qun
trng s (weighted average) ca cc
u ra ca cc lut
Trng s l kt qu ca ton t p
dng ln cc hm thnh vin ca lut
IF

GV: L Hoi Long

82

Sugenos
Nguyn l ca m hnh Sugenos

GV: L Hoi Long

83

Sugenos (v d)

GV: L Hoi Long

84

Sugenos (v d)
M hnh singleinput
IFx is small THEN y 0.1x 6.4

IF x is medium THEN y -0.5x 4

IF x is large THEN y x - 2

M hnh 2-input single-output

IFx is small AND y is small THEN z x y 1
IF x is small AND y is large THEN z -y 3

IF x is large AND y is small THEN z x 3

IF x is large AND y is large THEN z x y 2
GV: L Hoi Long

85

Bi tp 10
Hy v minh ha m hnh Sugenos
cho m hnh single-input slide
trc. Hy t thm cc thng tin cn
thit.
Hy v minh ha m hnh Sugenos
cho m hnh 2-input single-output
slide trc. Hy t thm cc thng tin
cn thit.

GV: L Hoi Long

86

Tsukamotos
Tp fuzzy ca pht biu THEN c i din
bi mt hm thnh vin n iu
Mi lut trong m hnh s c 1 u ra l
crisp l gi tr ca hm thnh vin
Kt qu u ra cui cng l bnh qun
trng s (weighted average) ca cc u ra
ca cc lut
Trng s l kt qu ca ton t p dng ln
cc hm thnh vin ca lut IF
t c s dng
GV: L Hoi Long

87

Tsukamotos
V d: 2-input single-output

A1

B1

C1
w1

x
A2

z1

B2

C2

w2

z
GV: L Hoi Long

z2

w1 z1 w2 z2
w1 w2
88

So snh 2 m hnh Mamdanis v

Sugenos
S khc nhau c bn l hm thnh
vin u ra ca Sugenos c th l
tuyn tnh hay hng s
Kt qu ca lut fuzzy cng nh cch
tng hp v ph m ca tng m
hnh khc nhau
Mamdanis d thc hin hn

GV: L Hoi Long

89

Thun li ca m hnh Mamdanis

Trc quan
c ng dng rng ri
Rt ph hp khi s dng d liu do
dnh gi ca ca con ngi

GV: L Hoi Long

90

Thun li ca m hnh Sugenos

Hu hiu trong tnh ton
Rt ph hp vi cc m hnh c tnh
tuyn tnh
Ph hp vi cc k thut ti u v
thch nghi
m bo tnh lin tc ca khng gian
u ra
Ph hp vi phn tch ton hc

GV: L Hoi Long

91

Ti sao li s dng fuzzy

Kh d hiu v mt khi nim
Kh mm do
X l tt nhng thng tin khng chnh
xc
C th m hnh cc hm s c tnh
phi tuyn

GV: L Hoi Long

92

Ti sao li s dng fuzzy

M hnh tt cc thng tin kinh nghim
p dng kt hp vi cc k thut iu
khin truyn thng
Da trn ngn ng mang tnh t
nhin, giao tip ca con ngi

GV: L Hoi Long

93

Khi no khng nn s dng fuzzy

Fuzzy khng phi l mt v thn vn
nng
i khi nhng cch hay phng php
x l n gin hiu qu hn
i khi vic thit lp nhng nh x t
khng gian u vo n khng gian
u ra gp kh khn => chn cch
khc

GV: L Hoi Long

94

S tng t gia fuzzy v ANN

c tnh cc hm s t d liu mu
Khng yu cu m hnh ton
L mt h ng
Chuyn cc u vo s thnh cc u ra s
X l thng tin khng chnh xc
Cng khng gian trng thi
To ra cc tn hiu b chn
Hot ng nh mt b nh c tnh lin kt

GV: L Hoi Long

95

S khc nhau gia fuzzy v ANN

Fuzzy s dng kin thc t tm ti
to nn cc lut v lm cho chng
ph hp s dng d liu mu
ANN to nn cc lut da hon ton
trn d liu mu

GV: L Hoi Long

96

Chc thnh cng

GV: L Hoi Long

97