Memory: encoding, capacity and duration of STM

Miller practical experiment, Peterson and Peterson practical experiment, Conrad practical
experiment

STM
Capcity is limted 1-2 seconds
Limted duration
Acoustic codes
Miller (1956)
Magic number 7 (plus or minus 2)
The amount of slots
Didnt specify how much information could be held in each slot
If we he chunk we can hold more information
Peterson and Peterson (1959)
- lab experiment
- 24 participants `(psychology students`)
- recall trigrams
- count backwards in 3s or 4s
- recall after 3,6,9,12,15
- Findings
- Longer interval less trigrams recalled
- 80% after 3 seconds
- 10% after 18
Memory: encoding, capacity and duration of LTM, differences between STM and LTM

LTM capcity potentially unlimted

LTM-POTENIALLY unlimted
Semanctic code
LTM is usually through elaborative rehersal of STM

Memory: Multi store model of memory

Information is detected by the senory dectory and enters sensory

memory
If attended to the this enters the STM
If the information is rehersed then it can entre the LTM
Memory retrieval happens through LTM TO STM
If not rehersed or retrieved the memory is lost through
displacement or decay

Evaulaiton
-

HM SUPPORTS THIS . He lost his LTM after brain surgery , he

remeberred little or none of personal or public events in the past 45
years but LTM is still intact
The model is over simplified , this model suggests that LTM and
STM work in one uniform fashion . It has been shown in the
Working memoery model that STM is a lot more complicated and
consists of many other componenets

Working memory model: description (consolidation) and evaluation

Centeral executive Drive system

Allocates data to sub-syestems
Mental math and problem solving

Viso spatial stores and process information visually orr

spatially
Navigation
The phonological loop
The phonological store stores information as sound for 1-2
seconds
Articulatory Control Process
Specch production
Used to reherse and store information from the phonological store
Baddley and Hitch
Multiple parts of working memory at the
same time
Participants had to take part In 2 tasks at the
same time dual task technique
Digit span task repeat numbers and verbal
reasoning answer obvious true or false
questions
Digits increased longer by fractionsd of
seconds
No mistakes
Digit span phonologcsal loop
Verbal central

Evalaution
- KF case study
- Brain damage from bike damaged his stm
- VERBAL AFFECTED
- Visual largely unaffected
Little is known on the central so capacity and what it does can not be tested .