PWE3

Introduction
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Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Objectives

Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:

Describe the basic concepts of PWE3

Outline the typical PWE3 encapsulation format

Outline the PWE3 application scenarios

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page2

Contents
1.

PWE3 Overview

2.

TDM to PWE3

3.

ATM to PWE3

4.

ETH to PWE3

5.

PWE3 Application Scenarios

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page3

Contents
1.

PWE3 Overview
1.1 Basic Concepts
1.2 Reference Model of PWE3
1.3 Reference Model of PWE3 Protocol Stack

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Page4

What Is PWE3?

Pseudo-Wire Emulation Edge to Edge (PWE3)

Concept of PW

The Mechanism that bears the simulated services

between PEs on the PSN.

CE

PE
PW1

PW3
PW2

AC

PE
PE

CE

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

CE

Page5

Functions of PW

Functions of PW

Encapsulate the protocol data units (PDUs) specified by the

service from the logical or physical port on the PE side.

Carry the encapsulated packets to the transmit tunnel.

Set up PW at the tunnel end, including the exchanging and

distribution of PW IDs.

Perform the traffic monitoring in the ingress direction and

traffic shaping in the egress direction.

Manage signals, timing and sequence at the PW edge.

Manage the status specified by the service and alarms.

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Why PWE3?

Generic label, which provides a uniform multi-service

network data transport platform and reduces the
operating cost

Investment protection, which provides the backward

and forward compatibility of network services

Private line emulation, which provides operators with

network services of great return.

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page7

PWE3-Related Concepts

L1/2 service: Ethernet, ATM and TDM

PSN: MPLS and IP

AC: Physical or logical CE-PE connection

Tunnel: Carries one or multiple pseudo wires (PW)

PWs are transparently transmitted in the core network

PWs are created through signaling (LDP)

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PWE3-Related Concepts
(Cont.)
PW control plane: Create and remove PWs and

monitor the status

PW forwarding plane: Convert the L1/2 header

information and transmit PDUs in sequence

MIB: Management Information Base, storage

configuration information.

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Reference Model of PWE3

Network
Emulated
Service
Pseudo
Wire
PSN
Tunnel

AC
PE1

AC
PE2

Tunnel

CE1

Custom
Edge 1
Native
Service

Provide
r Edge
1

CE2

Provide
r Edge
2

Custom
Edge 2
Native
Service

AC: Attachment Circuit

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Reference Model of PWE3 Protocol

Stack
Emulated
Emulated
Service
Service
(TDM, ATM,Emulated Service(TDM, ATM,
Ethernet,
Ethernet,
etc)
etc)
Payload
Encapsulatio
n

Pseudo Wire Encapsulatio

PW
Demultiplex
er PSN
Tunnel, PSN
& Physical
Layers

PW
Demultiplex
er PSN
Tunnel, PSN
& Physical
Layers

Payload

RTP
Flags

Frag

Len

Sequence Number

PW Label
Outer Label or MPLS-in-IP encapsulation

PSN Tunnel

RTP
Flags

Frag

Len

Sequence Number

PW Label (L2TP/MPLS)
IP
MAC

PSN

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Contents
1.

PWE3 Overview

2.

TDM to PWE3

3.

ATM to PWE3

4.

ETH to PWE3

5.

PWE3 Application Scenarios

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page12

Reference Model of TDM PWE3

PE1

PE2

Phy Dec Phy

Phy Enc Phy

CE1

S1
Phy Enc Phy

S2

CE2
Phy Dec Phy

CE1 and CE2 terminate the TDM circuit

PE1 and PE2 adapts the services to PWs

S1 and S2 are core routers

PHY is the physical interface that terminates the TDM circuit

Enc is the PSN-bundling interface for PW, which has a jitter buffer

Dec is the CE-bundling interface for PW, which has a jitter buffer

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Reference Standards of TDM

PWE3
MEF

MEF3

MEF8

Circuit Emulation Service Definitions, Framework and Requirements in Metro Ethernet

Networks
Implementation Agreement for the Emulation of PDH Circuits over Metro Ethernet
Networks

IETF

RFC4197

Requirements for Edge-to-Edge Emulation of Time Division Multiplexed (TDM) Circuits

over Packet Switching Networks

RFC4553

Structure-Agnostic Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) over Packet (SAToP)

Structure-aware TDM Circuit Emulation Service over Packet Switched Network
(CESoPSN)

draft-ietf-pwe3-tdmoip-06: TDM over IP

ITU-T

G.8261

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SAToP

Principle

The SAToP mode does not detect any structure in the TDM circuit. It
treats the TDM circuit as a bit stream of a constant rate. One unit
contains 8 bits. Cut a certain length (reflected as loading time for the
customer) from the TDM bit stream and then load it to the emulation
packet. The framing information and channel information are not
considered. Hence, the TDM service is transparently transmitted.

Frame format

ETH header
payload
Byte m

4 bytes

Tunnel Label

Byte m+1

4 bytes

PW Label

4 bytes

Control Word

PPP header

Payload

payload

Byte m+nx32-1

CRC

FCS
Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page15

CESoPSN

Principle

The CESoPSN mode detects the frame structure, framing

mode, timeslot information in the TDM circuit. The payload of
the TDM frame is extracted first and the timeslot of each
channel is added into the packet payload according to a
certain sequence.

ETH header

Frame format

payload
32 bytes

#1 E1 Frame

4 bytes

Tunnel Label

32 bytes

#2 E1 Frame

4 bytes

PW Label

4 bytes

Control Word

PPP header

Payload

payload

32 bytes

#n E1 Frame

CRC

n=1
24

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

FCS

Page16

Contents
1.

PWE3 Overview

2.

TDM to PWE3

3.

ATM to PWE3

4.

ETH to PWE3

5.

PWE3 Application Scenarios

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page17

Reference Standards of ATM

PWE3
IETF

RFC4717: Encapsulation Methods for Transport of Asynchronous

Transfer Mode (ATM) over MPLS Networks

RFC4816: Pseudo wire Emulation Edge-to-Edge (PWE3)

Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Transparent Cell Transport
Service

RFC4454: Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) over Layer 2

Tunneling Protocol Version 3 (L2TPv3)

ITU-T

Y.1411: ATM-MPLS network interworking Cell mode user plane

interworking

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Encapsulation Format of ATM

Service
0

PSN Transport Header

Pseudo Wire Header
ATM Control Word
ATM Service Payload

The types of encapsulation supported by the OptiX PTN product:

No.

PW Type

Indication

0x0003

ATM transparent cell transport (V1R2)

0x0009

ATM n-to-one VCC cell transport

10

0x000A

ATM n-to-one VPC cell transport

12

0x000C

ATM one-to-one VCC Cell Mode

13

0x000D

ATM one-to-one VPC Cell Mode

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Encapsulation Format of ATM

Service (Cont.)

PSN Transport Header

It depends on the used tunnel technology and performs the

packet switching in the PSN network.

Pseudo Wire Header

It identifies the ATM service in a tunnel and it is the bottom of

the label stack in the MPLS.

ATM Control Word

It can be a length or sequence number and it is the control

bit of the transmitted service.

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N-to-One Cell ATM Mode

0

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
PSN Transport Header PWE3
Pseudo Wire Header in PWE3
0 0 0
0

Flags
VPI

Res

Length

Sequence Number
VCI

PTI

PTI

Payload (48 octets)

VPI

VCI
Payload (48 octets)

The encapsulation format of a single cell is required (fast encapsulation),

the encapsulation format of multiple cells is optional.

The number of cells can be encapsulated is restrained by the

management capability of MTU and Egress PE (router).

VPI/VCI: The value of Ingress PE can not be changed, but the value of
Egress PE can be changed into a new value.

PTI/CLP: Retain the original cell value.

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page21

N-to-One Cell ATM Mode

Description

One PW can carry one or more VPCs/VCCs. The format can be the single cell
format, or multiple cell encapsulation, which can enhance the bandwidth
utilization.

The multiple cell encapsulation can enhance the bandwidth utilization, but it
causes network delay variation. In addition, the number of cells to be
encapsulated is determined by the MTU and CTD and CDV requirements of the
ATM connections multiplexed into the PW. Hence, the network environment and
service customization should be considered together.

The multiple VPCs/VCCs encapsulated in the PW may of different service types,

which are of different QoS requirements. Hence, the PSN packets should
support the highest level of the ATM service carried. To ensure the QoS of the
PW, it is recommended that one PW carry one VPC/VCC, or one PW carry the
VPCs/VCCs of the same QoS requirement.

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page22

One-to-One ATM Cell Mode

VPC

VCC
0

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1

PSN Transport Header in PWE3

PSN Transport Header in PWE3

Pseudo Wire Header in PWE3

0 0 0

Resvd

Sequence Number

Pseudo Wire Header in PWE3

M V RES

PTI

0 0 0 0

Resvd

M V RES PTI

VCI
Payload 48 octets

M V RES

Sequence Number

PTI

Payload 48 octets

C
M V RES PTI

Payload 48 octets
VCI

Payload 48 octets

One PW can carry one VPC/VCC

The format can be the single cell format or multiple cells

encapsulation.

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

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VCI

One-to-One Cell ATM Mode

Description

The multiple cell encapsulation can enhance the

bandwidth utilization, but it causes network delay
variation.

The number of cells to be encapsulated is

determined by the MTU and CTD and CDV
requirements of the ATM connections multiplexed
into the PW.

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page24

Contents
1.

PWE3 Overview

2.

TDM to PWE3

3.

ATM to PWE3

4.

ETH to PWE3

5.

PWE3 Application Scenarios

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page25

Reference Model of ETH PWE3

Network
Emulated Ethernet
Emulated Ethernet
(including VLAN) Emulated Service (including VLAN)
Service
Service
Demultiplexer

Pseudo Wire

Demultiplexer

PSN
MPLS/IP

PSN Tunnel

PSN
MPLS/IP

Physical

Physical

PSN

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page26

ETH PWE3 Encapsulation Format

0
0

1
1

2
1

3
1

PSN Transport Header in PWE3

Pseudo Wire Header in PWE3
0000

Reserved

Sequence Number
ETH Payload

Control words, which are only sorted (165535).

The equipment support the modes without control words or with

control words.

The control words can be set at the PEs on the two ends through
signaling or manual configuration.

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page27

Contents
1.

PWE3 Overview

2.

TDM to PWE3

3.

ATM to PWE3

4.

ETH to PWE3

5.

PWE3 Application Scenarios

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page28

Multi-Service over PW: TDM

Solution
Abis

Line
Interface

Network Interface

TDM
Abis

PWE3

TDM

TDM

MPLS

E1

PWE3

PPP/

Abis

Line Interface

CESoPSN
SAToP

Abis
TDM

MAC

E1/ch

ML-PPP
HDLC

TS# 19

--

Idle TS suppression
TS# 16

1+1/1:1 APS

--

E1
E1
E1

--

--PoC3

STM-1

PS
N

BSC

PoC1
MSP

E1/POS/GE/ch
STM1

Idle TS suppression
TS# 18

----

STM-1

GE

POS/E1

2G BTS

idle timeslot
regenerated

Tunnel
--

Idle TS suppression

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Page29

Multi-Service over PW: ATM/IMA

Solution
Line
lub UP
Interface

Network Interface
lub UP

lub UP

AAL2

AAL2

AAL2

ATM

ATM

ATM

IMA

PWE3

PWE3
MPLS

E1

Line Interface
lub UP
AAL2

N:1 ATM PWE3

Encapsulation

ATM
STM-1

---

3G Node B

1+1/1:1 APS

E1
E1
E1

STM-1

PS
N

PoC3
E1
E1
E1

3G Node B

PoC1

E1/POS/GE
Tunnel
Legend
EF
AF
3
BE

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Page30

RNC

Multi-Service over PW: IP/Eth

Traffic Solution
Line
lub UP
Interface

Network Interface

lub UP
802.1Q

lub UP

802.1Q

Eth

802.1Q

Eth

PWE3

Eth

Line Interface
lub UP
802.1Q

PWE3
MPLS
---

3G Node B

Eth

N:1 Eth PWE3

Encapsulation
1+1/1:1 APS

GE/FE

GE

PS
N

PoC3

PoC1

E1/POS/GE
Tunnel
Legend
EF
AF
3
BE

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page31

RNC

Offload Scenario 1 : ADSL Network

Cased on ATM Forwarding (LSP
Tunnel)

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Page32

Offload Scenario 2 : ADSL Network

Cased on ATM Forwarding (IP
Tunnel)

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Page33

Offload Scenario 3 : ADSL Network

Cased on MPLS Forwarding

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Offload Scenario 4 : ADSL Network

Cased on IP Forwarding (IP tunnel)

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Page35

Offload Scenario 5 : ADSL Network

Cased on IP Forwarding (GRE
tunnel)

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page36

Summary

PWE3 Overview

TDM to PWE3

ATM to PWE3

ETH to PWE3

PWE3 Application Scenarios

TDM

IMA

Ethernet

Offload

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Page37

Thank you
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