Calculate the specific volume of an air-vapor mixture

in cubic meters per kilogram of dry air when the ff.

conditions: t=30C, w=0.015 kg/kg, and Pt =90kpa
A. 0.99 m3/kg
C.
0.79 m3/kg
B. 0.89 m3/kg
D.
0.69 m3/kg
A
A coil has an inlet temperature of 60 F and an outlet
of 90F. If the mean temperature of the coil is 110F.
Find the bypass factor of the coil.
A. 0.20
C. 0.40
B. 0.30
D. 0 .50
C
A rectangular duct has a diameter of 0.25 m by 1 m.
determines of the equivalent diameter of the duct.
A. 0.40 m
C.
0.70 m
B. 0.80 m
D.
0.30 m
A
The mass of an outside air at 50C in an air
conditioning unit is 60 kg. Find the temperature after
mixing if the outside air mixed with 40 kg with
recirculated air at 35C.
A. 44C
C. 52C
B. 39C
D. 47C
A
A creamery must cool 20,000 liters of milk received
each day from initial temperature at 29C to a final
temperature at 2C in 5 hours. If refrigeration losses
amount to 10 percent of the cuilling load, what must
be the capacity of the refrigeration machine?
Note: specific heat of milk 3.9 kJ/kg-K and S.G. =
1.05
A. 38.5 TOR
C.
37.5 TOR
B. 36.5 TOR
D.
39.5 TOR
A
How many tons of refrigeration are required to
produce 10 metric tons of ice per day at -10C from
raw water at 22C if miscellaneous losses are 15% of
the chilling and freezing load?
A. 17 TOR
C. 15 TOR
B. 20 T0R
D. 24 TOR
A
Five hundred kilogram of poultry enters a chiller at
8C and are frozen and chilled to a final temperature
of -18C for a storage in 15 hours. The specific heat
above and below the freezing are 3.18 kJ/kg-KC and
1.55 kJ/kg-KC respectively. The latent heat is 246
kJ/kg and the freezing temperature is -5C. Compute
the product load.
A. 2.75 kW
C. 2.95 kW
B. 2.85 kW
D. 3.15 kW
B
Fish weighing 11,000 kg with a temperature of 20C
is brought to a cold storage and which shall be
cooled to -10C in 11 hours. Find the required plant
refrigerating capacity in tons of refrigeration if the
specific heat of fish is 0.7 kCal/kgC above freezing
and 0.30 kCal/kgC below freezing point which is
-3C. The latent heat of freezing is 55.5 kCal/kg.
A. 25.26
C. 14.38
B. 15.26
D. 24.38
D

The power requirement of Carnot refrigeration in

maintaining a low temperature region at 300 K 1.5
kW per ton. Find the heat rejected.
A.
B.

4.02 kW
7.02 kW
C

C.
D.

5.02 kW
6.02 kW

A vapor compression refrigeration system is

designed to have a capacity of 150 tons of
refrigeration. It produces chilled water from 22C to
2C. Its actual coefficient of performance is 5.86 and
35% of the power supplied to the compressor is lost
in the form of friction and cylinder cooling losses.
Determine the condenser cooling water required for a
temperature rise of 10C.
A. 14.75kg/s
C. 18.65 kg/s
B. 15.65 kg/s
D. 13.75 kg/s
A
Determine the heat extracted from 2000 kg of water
from 25C to ice at -10C.
A. 621,150 kJ
C. 821,150 kJ
B. 721,159 kJ
D. 921,150 kJ
D
A single acting, twin cylinder, Ammonia compressor
with bore equal to stroke is driven by an engine at
250 rpm. The machine is installed in a chilling plant
to produce 700 kW of refrigeration at -18C
evaporating temperature. At this temperature the
cooling effect per kg mass is 1160 kJ. The specific
volume of vapor entering the compressor is 0.592 m3
per kilogram. Assume 85% volumetric efficiency.
Determine the bore in mm.
A. 400 mm
C. 450 mm
B. 300 mm
D. 500 mm
A
A cylindrical flash tank mounted with its axis
horizontal is used to separate liquid ammonia from
ammonia vapor. The ammonia vapor bubbles through
the liquid with 70 m3/min leaving the disengaging
surface. The disengaging rate is limited to 60 m/min
and the liquid level is to operate with the liquid level
one-third of the diameter from the top. Determine
the diameter if the tank is 1.5 m long.
A. 830 mm
C. 860 mm
B. 730 mm
D. 760 mm
A
A 150 Hp motor is used to drive a compressor. If the
heat loss from the compressor is 25 kW and the mass
flow rate of the refrigerant entering the compressor
is 0.50 kg/s, determine the difference of the
enthalpies between the inlet and outlet of the
compressor.
A. 143.80 kJ/kg
C. 173.80 kJ/kg
B. 153.80 kJ/kg
D. 183.80 kJ/kg
C
Determine the estimated condenser load for an
open-type compressor having a cooling capacity of
16,500 Btu/hr and a heat rejection factor of 1.32.
A. 22,280 Btu/hr
C. 21,780 Btu/hr
B. 20,780 Btu/hr
D. 91,780 Btu/hr
C
To cool farm products 300 kg of ice at -4.4C are
placed in bunker twenty four hours later the ice have

melted into water at 7.2C. What is the average rate

of cooling provided by the ice in kJ/Hr?
A. 2679.28 kJ/Hr
C. 3679.28 kJ/Hr
B. 5679.28 kJ/Hr
D. 4679.28 kJ/Hr
D
The load on a watercooled condenser is 90,000
Btu/hr. if the quantity of water circulated through the
condenser is 15 gpm, determine the temperature rise
of the water in the condenser.
A. 12F
C. 16F
B. 14F
D. 18F
A
If the load on a watercooled condenser in 150,000
Btu/hr and the temperature rise of the water in the
condenser is 10F. What is the quantity of water
circulated in gpm?
A. 30
C. 20
B. 40
D
50
A
The weight of ammonia circulated in a machine is
found to be 21.8 lb/hr. if the vapor enters the
compressor with a specific volume of 9.6 Ft3/hr,
calculate the piston displacement, assuming 80%
percent volume efficiency.
A. 261.6 Ft3/hr
C. 281.8 Ft3/hr
B. 271.6 Ft3/hr
D. 291.6 Ft3/hr
A
A single stage ammonia compressor is producing 10
tons of refrigeration and the power consumed is 15
Hp. Suction pressure is 25 psi, condensing pressure is
180 psi. Brine temperature is 20F off brine cooler.
Determine the actual coefficient of performance.
A. 10.14
C. 12.14
B. 11.14
D. 13.14
D
In an ammonia condensing machine (compressor
plus condenser) the water used for condensing is
55F. Calculate the ideal COP.
A. 11.875
C. 10.875
B. 12.875
D. 13.875
A
How much refrigeration capacity is required to cool
2000 cfm of air from 85F to 70F?
A. 2.7 TOR
C. 1.7 TOR
B. 3.7 TOR
D. 4.7 TOR
A
Determine the coil face area required to maintain a
face velocity of 400 Ft/min if the air flow rate over
the coil is 2100 Ft3/hr
A. 3.25 Ft2
C. 5.25 Ft2
B. 4.45 Ft2
D. 6.25 Ft2
C
A centrifugal pump discharge 20 L/s against a head
of 17 m when the speed is 1500 rpm. The diameter
of the impeller was 30 cm and the brake horsepower
was 6.0. A geometrically similar pump 40 cm in
diameter is to run at 1750 rpm. Assuming equal
efficiencies, what brake horsepower is required?
A.
51.55 HP
C. 40.15 HP
B. 50.15 HP
D. 45.15 HP
C

A pump delivers 20 cfm of water having a density of

62 lb/ft3. The suction and discharge gage reads 5 in.
Hg vacuum and 30 psi respectively. The discharge
gage is 5 ft above the suction gage. If pump
efficiency is 70%, what is the motor power?
A. 5.31 Hp
C. 4.31 Hp
B. 3.31 Hp
D. 6.31 Hp
C
Calculate the air power of a fan that delivers 1200 F
Ft3/hr of air through a 1m by 1.5m outlet. Static
pressure is 120 mm WG and the density of air is 1.18
A. 20.45 kW
C. 30.45 kW
B. 25.64 kW
D. 35.64 kW
B
The piston displacement of a double acting
compressor is 0. 358 m3 delivers gas from 101.325
kPa and 300 K to 675 kPa at the rate of 0.166 m 3/s at
150 rpm. Value of n for compression and expansion is
1.33. Find the compressor percent clearance.
A. 19.66
C. 15.69
B. 10.75
D. 16.96
D
Determine the specific speed of a centrifugal pump
delivers 7500 gpm acting against a total head of 370
ft and operating at 1000 rpm.
A. 1072 rpm
C. 1041 rpm
B. 1027 rpm
D. 1014 rpm
B
An induced draft fan is used to extract 270000 m3 of
flue gas per hour from a boiler furnace. The fan is to
deliver at a total pressure of 250 mm water gage.
Determine the size of the electric motor in kW if a
mechanical efficiency of 55% is considered.
A. 444.33 kW
C. 433.44 kW
B. 343.44 kW
D. 334.44 kW
D
The fan has a total head of 190 m and static pressure
of 20 cm WG. If the air density is 1.2 kg/m3. What is
the velocity of air flowing?
A. 16.21 m/s
C. 16.66 m/s
B. 27.21 m/s
D. 17.77 m/s
D
A pump delivers 500 gpm of water against a total
head of 200 ft and operating at 1770 rpm. Changes
have increased the total head to 375 ft. At what rpm
should the pump be operated to achieve the new
head at the same efficiency?
A. 2800 rpm
C. 3434 rpm
B. 3600 rpm
D. 2424 rpm
D
The diesel electric plant supplies energy for meralco.
During a 24 hr period, the plant consumed 200
gallons of fuel at 28C and produced 3930 Kw-hr.
industrial fuel is used is 28API and was purchased at
P 5.50 per liter at 15,6C. What should the cost of
fuel be produced one kw-hr?
A. P 1.05
C. P 1.069
B. P 1.10
D. P 1.00
A
A boiler contains 3.5 tons of water initially having 40
ppm dissolved solids after 24 hrs the dissolved solids

in the water is 2500 ppm. If the feed rate is 875

kg/hr, find the ppm of dissolved solids contained in
the feed water.
A. 410 ppm
C. 390 ppm
B. 320 ppm
D. 420 ppm
A

A travelling-grate stoker can burn bituminous coal

with 10% moisture and 10% ash at a rate of 500,000
Btu/hr-Ft2. A boiler with a steam rating of 200,000
lb/hr will be fired with the above fuel having a high
heat value of 12,200 Btu/lb. if the boiler efficiency is
80%, and if it takes 1000 BTU to evaporate and
superheat one pound of feed water to the desired
temperature, find the hourly coal supply and grate
area needed.
A. 20,500 lb, 500 Ft2 C. 28,200 lb, 400 Ft2
B. 26,400 lb, 700 Ft2 D. 22,600 lb, 200 Ft2
A
A steam is expanded through a nozzle and the
enthalpy drop per kg of steam from the initial
pressure to the final pressure is 60 kJ. Neglecting the
friction, find the velocity of discharge and the exit
area of the nozzle to pass 0.20 kg/s if the specific
volume of the steam at exit is 1.5 m3/kg.
A. 346.4 m/s, 879 m2
C. 765.6 m/s, 467
m2
B. 356.7 m/s, 278 m2
D.346.4 m/s, 866
m2
D
A 60 MW steam turbine generator power plant has a
full-load steam rate of 8 kg/kW-hr. assuming that noload steam consumption as 15% of full-load steam
consumption, compute for the hourly steam
consumption at 75% load, in kg/hr.
A. 37,800 kg/hr
C. 30,780 kg/hr
B. 38,700 kg/hr
D. 30,870 kg/hr
A
The feed water to a boiler is 92% condensate and 8%
make-up containing 270 ppm solids. What weights of
solids enter the boiler per hour at 22,680 kg per
steam evaporation?
A. 0.49 kg solids/hr C. 0.39 kg solids/hr
B. 0.59 kg solids/hr D. 0.69 kg solids/hr
A
The 1370 diameter steam drum on a boiler is 2440
mm long has a 250 mm gage glass at mid-drum
level. Find the maximum steam generation that could
be cared for by a blow down of half a water gauge
each 8 hr. shift. Pressure, 17.5 kg/cm 2 gage. Sr = 150
PPM, Sb = 2000 PPM
A. 450.59 kg/hr
C. 650.59 kg/hr
B. 550.59 kg/hr
D. 750.59 kg/hr
B
Given a horizontal conveyor, 46 m centers, 175
pounds per hr capacity of handling bituminous coal
at 0.5 m/s with 800 kg per m3. Other data as follows
Flight width and depth
610 mm x 200
mm
Quantity of material
0.108
mm3/m

Coefficient of friction elements

0.10
Material coefficient of friction
0.59
Assume an engineering-type chain with sleeve
bearing rollers weighing with flights, 89.3 kg/m.
Calculate the chain pull in kg
A. 2180.33
C. 1555.36
B. 4550.10
D. 3166.46
D
Air is drawn into a gas turbine working on the
constant pressure cycle at 1 bar 21C and
compressed to 5.7 bars. The temperature at the end
of heat supply is 680C. Taking expansion and
compression to be adiabatic where Cv = 0.718 kJ/kgK, Cp = 1.055 kJ/kg-K, calculate the heat energy
supplied per kg at constant pressure.
A. 472 kJ/kg
C. 501 kJ/kg
B. 389 kJ/kg
D. 489 kJ/kg
A
In an air-standard Bryton cycle, the compressor
receives air at 101.325 kPa, 21C and it leaves at the
rate of 4 kg/s. determine the turbine work if the
temperature of the air entering the turbine is 1000C
A. 3000 kW
C. 2028 kW
B. 2701 kW
D. 3500 kW
C
The net power output of an air-standard Brayton
cycle is 200 kW. Air enters the compressor at 32C
and leaves the high-temperature heat exchanger at
800C. What is the mass flow rate of air if it leaves
the turbine at 350C?
A. 0.57 kg/s
C. 0.77 kg/s
B. 0.67 kg/s
D. 0.87 kg/s
D
In an air-standard Brayton cycle the inlet
temperature and the pressure are 20C and 101.325
kPa. The turbine inlet conditions are 1200 kPa and
900C. Determine the air flow rate if turbines
produce 12 MW.
A. 21.41 kg/s
C. 19.25 kg/s
B. 20.20 kg/s
D. 18.10 kg/s
B
A gas turbine power plant operating on the Brayton
cycle delivers 15 MW to a standby electric generator.
What are the mass flow rate and the volume flow
rate of air if the minimum and maximum pressures
are 100 kPa and 500 kPa respectively, and
temperature of 20C and 1000C?
A. 31.97 kg/s, 26.88 m3/s
C.
41.97 kg/s,
26.88 m3/s
3
B. 36.98 kg/s, 28.99 m /s
D.
46.98 kg/s,
28.99 m3/s
A
A hydro-electric power plant consumes 60,000,000
kW-hr per year. What is the net if the expected flow
is 1500 m3/min and over-all efficiency is 63%?
A. 34.34 m
C.
44.33 m
B. 43.43 m
D. 33.44 m
C
A pelton type turbine has a gross head of 40 m and a
friction head loss of 6 m. What is the penstock
diameter if the penstock length is 90 m and the
coefficient of friction head loss is 0.0001 (Morse).
A. 2040 mm
C. 2440 mm

B.

3120 mm
A

D.

2320 mm

A hydro-electric impulse turbine is directly coupled to

a 24 pole, 60 Hz alternator. It has a specific speed of
60 rpm and develops 3000 Hp. What is the required
diameter assuming a peripheral speed ratio of 0.45?
A. 0.661 m
C. 0.443 m
B. 0.552 m
D. 0.775 m
A
The tail water and the headwater of a hydro-electric
power plant are 150 m and 200 m respectively. What
is the water power if the flow is 15 m3/s and a head
loss of 10% of the gross head?
A. 6,621.75 kW
C. 5,621.76 kW
B. 7,621.65 kW
D. 4,621.56 kW
A

In a hydro-electric plant, water flows at 10 m/s in a

penstock of 1 m2 cross-sectional area. If the net head
of the plant is 30 m and the turbine efficiency is 85%,
what is the turbine output?
A. 2,501.55 kW
C. 3,626.34 kW
B. 2,100.21 kW
D. 3,124.65 kW
A
A 75 MW power plant has an average load of 35,000
kW and a load factor of 65%. Find the reserve over
peak.
A. 21.15 MW
C. 25.38 MW
B. 23.41 MW
D. 18.75 MW
A
A power plant is said to have/had a use factor of
48.5% and a capacity factor of 42.4%. How many
hrs. Did it operate during the year?
A. 6,600.32 hrs
C. 8,600.32 hrs
B. 7,658.23 hrs
D. 5,658.23 hrs
B
A 50,000 kW steam plant delivers an annual output
of 238,000,000 kW-hr with a peak load of 42,860 kW.
What is the annual load factor and capacity factor?
A. 0.634, 0.534
C. 0.634, 0.543
B. 0.643, 0.534
D. 0.643, 0.534
C
Calculate the use factor of a power plant if the
capacity factor is 35% and it operates 8000 hrs
during the year?
A. 38.325 %
C. 35.823 %
B. 33.825 %
D. 32.538 %
A
A 39.5 m high chimney of radial brick masonry is
described by the ff. top and bottom. D 2 = 1.9 m, d2 =
1.5 m, D1 = 3.2 m, d1 = 2.3 m. Determine the
moment due to wind load.
A. 172,051 kg-m
C. 150,160 kg-m
B. 160,388 kg-m
D. 182,030 kg-m
D
It is desired to deliver 5 gpm at a head of 640 ft in a
single stage pump having s specific speed not to
exceed 40. If the speed is not to exceed 1352 rpm,
how many stages are required?

A.
B.

3
4
D

C.
D.

5
2

A centrifugal pump discharge 20 L/s against a head

of 17 m when the speed is 1500 rpm. The diameter
of the impeller was 30 c, and the brake horsepower
was 6.0. A geometrically similar pump 40 cm in
diameter is to run at 1750 rpm. Assuming equal
efficiency, what brake horsepower is required?
A. 51.55 Hp
C. 40.15 Hp
B. 50.15 Hp
D. 45.15 Hp
C
A condensate pump at sea level takes water from a
surface condenser where the vacuum is 15 in. of
mercury. The friction and turbulence in the piping in
the condenser hot well and the pump suction flange
is assumed to be 6.5 ft. if the condensate pump to be
installed has a required head of 9 ft, what would be
the minimum height of water level in the hot well
that must be maintained above the centerline of the
pump to avoid cavitations?
A. 2.5 ft
C. 18 ft
B. 15.5 ft
D. 5.5 ft
B
A pump delivers 2o cfm of water having a density of
62 lb/ft3. The suction discharge gage reads 5 in. Hg
vacuum and 30 psi respectively. The discharge gage
is 5 ft above the suction gage. If the pump efficiency
is 70%, what is motor power?
A. 5.31 Hp
C. 4.31 Hp
B. 3.31 Hp
D. 6.31 Hp
C
A fan has a total head of 190 m and a static pressure
of 20 cm WG. If the air density is 1.2 kg/m 3, what is
the velocity of air flowing?
A. 16.21 m/s
C. 16.66 m/s
B. 17.21 m/s
D. 17.766 m/s
D
A jet of water is discharge through a 1 inch
diameter orifice under constant head of 2.1 ft total
discharge is 228 lb, in 90 seconds. The jet is
observed to pass through a point 2 ft downward and
4 ft away from vena contrata. Coefficient of velocity.
A. O.786
C. 0.567
B. 0.685
D. 0.345
B
A jet of water is discharge through a 1 inch
diameter orifice under constant head of 2.1 ft total
discharge is 228 lb, in 90 seconds. The jet is
observed to pass through a point 2 ft downward and
4 ft away from vena contrata. Coefficient of velocity.
A. 0.976
C. 0.567
B. 0.758
D. 0.845
A
What is the velocity of sound 150F (66C) air at a
standard pressure? Note: density of air @ 150F is
0.064 lbm/ft3.
A. 1215 ft/s
C. 2345 ft/s
B. 3245 ft/s
D. 4321 ft/s
A
Ideal Oxygen is throttled at 140F from 10 atm to 5
atm. What is the temperature change?

A.
B.

0
Negative
A

C.
D.

infinity
1

A duct 0.40 m high and 0.80 wide suspended from

the ceiling in a corridor, makes a right angle turn in
the horizontal plane. The inner radius is 0.2 m and
the outer radius is 1.0 m measured from the same
center. The velocity of air in the duct is 10 m/s.
compute the pressure drop in this elbow. Assuming; f
= 0.3, = 1.204 kg/m3 and L = 10 m.
A. 341 Pa
C. 143 Pa
B. 441 Pa
D. 144 Pa
A
To what weight will 68F ethyl alcohol rise in a 0.005
inch internal diameter glass capillary tube? The
density of alcohol is 49 lbm/ft 3. Where: = 0 =
angle of contact angle and surface tension =
0.00156 lbm/ft @ 68F.
A. 0.3056 ft
C. 0.4312 ft
B. 0.2504 ft
D. 0.2432 ft
A
What is the velocity of sound in 150F (66C) air at a
standard pressure? Note: density of air @ 150F is
0.064 lbm/ft3.
A. 1295 ft/s
C. 2345 ft/s
B. 3245 ft/s
D. 1096 ft/s
A
What is the pressure 8000 ft below the water surface
of the ocean? Neglect compressibility.
A. 512,000 psf
C. 157,000 psf
B. 324,500 psf
D. 213,000 psf
A
If atmospheric air 14.7 psia and 60F at sea level,
what is the pressure at 12000 ft altitude if air is
incompressible? Note: @ 60F; the density of air is
0.0763 lbm/ft3 ; P1 = 14.7 psia
A. 5.467 psia
C. 8.342 psia
B. 9.345 psia
D. 2.346 psia
C
If atmospheric air 14.7 psia and 60F at sea level,
what is the pressure at 12000 ft altitude if air is
compressible? Note @ 60F; the density of air is
0.0763 lbm/ft3 ; P1 = 14.7 psia
A. 5.467 psia
C. 8.342 psia
B. 9.53 psia
D. 2.346 psia
B
A two-pass surface condenser is to be designed using
overall heat transfer coefficient of 480 BTU/F lbm/ft 2
of outside tube surface. The tubes are to be 1 inch
outside diameter with 1/16 in walls (or 7/8 in. inside
diameter). Entering circulating water velocity is to be
6 ft/s. steam enters the condenser at a rate of
100,000 lb/hr at a pressure of one psia and an
enthalpy of 1090 Btu/lb. condensate leaves at
saturated liquid at one psia. Circulating water enters
the condensate at 85 deg. F and leaves at 95 deg. F.
Note: 1 psia condensate has temperature of 101.7
deg. F. wet steam entering becomes condensate at
101.7 deg. F with hf = 69.72 Btu/lb. calculate the
total number of tubes to be used in each passes.
A. 18,200 tubes
C. 10,450 tubes

B.

15,400 tubes
A

D.

11,456 tubes

Determine the approximate load on a cooling tower if

the entering and leaving temperatures are 96F and
88F, respectively and the flow rate of the water over
the tower is 30 gpm.
A. 2500 Btu/min
C. 3000 Btu/min
B. 2000 Btu/min
D. 3500 Btu/min
B
Determine the quantity of water lost by bleed off if
the water flow rate over the tower 30 gpm and the
range is 10F. Percent bleed-off requires 33%.
A. 0.077 gpm
C. 0.099 gpm
B. 0.088 gpm
D. 0.066 gpm
C
How many tons of refrigeration is required to produce
10 metric tons of ice per day at -10C from raw water
at 22C if miscellaneous losses are 15% of the
chilling and freezing load?
A. 17 TOR
C. 15 TOR
B. 20 TOR
D. 24 TOR
A

Refrigeration is 2 m high, 1.2 m wide and 1 m deep.

The over-all heat transfer coefficient is o.532 W/m 2
C. how many kilograms of 0C ice will melt per hour
if the inside temperature is maintained at 10C while
the surrounding air temperature is at 35C?
A. 1.60 kg
C. 2.60 kg
B. 1.80 kg
D. 2.80 kg
A
Determine the heat extracted from 2000 kg of water
from 25C to ice -10C.
A. 621,150 kJ
C. 821,150 kJ
B. 721,150 kJ
D. 921,150 kJ
D
How many independent properties are required to
completely fix the equilibrium state of a pure
gaseous compound?
A. 1
C. 2
B. 3
D. 4
C
Calculate the heat transfer per hour through a solid
brick wall 6 m long, 2.9 m high, and 225 mm thick,
when the outer surface is at 5C and the inner
surface at 17C, the coefficient of thermal
conductivity of the brick being 0.6 W/m-K.
A. 2,004.48 kJ
C. 2,400.48 kJ
B. 3,004.48 kJ
D. 3,400.48 kJ
A
A vertical furnace wall is made up of an inner wall of
firebrick 20 cm thick followed by insulating brick 15
cm thick and an outer wall of steel 1 cm thick. The
surface temperature of the wall adjacent to the
combustion chamber is 1200C while that of the
outer surface of steel is 50C. The thermal
conductivities of the wall material in W/m-K are;
firebrick, 10; insulating brick, 0.26; and steel, 45.
Neglecting the film resistance and contact resistance

of joints, determine the heat loss per sq.m. Of the

wall area.
A. 1.93 W/m2
C. 1.55 W/m2
B. 2.93 W/m2
D. 2.55 W/m2
A
A composite wall is made up of an external thickness
of brickwork 110 mm thick inside which is a layer of
fiberglass 75 mm thick. The fiberglass is faced
internally by an insulating board 25 mm thick. The
coefficients of thermal conductivity for the three are
as follows:
Brickwork
1.5 W/m-K
Fiberglass
0.04 W/m-K
Insulating board 0.06 W/m-k
The surface transfer coefficient of the inside wall is
3.1 W/m2-K while that of the outside wall is 2.5 W/m2K. Take the internal ambient temperature as 10C
and the external temperature is 27C. Determine the
heat loss through such wall 6 m high and 10 m long.
A.
330.10 W
C. 430.10 W
B.
230.10 W
D. 530.10 W
A

One insulated wall of a cold-storage compartment is

8 m long by 2.5 m high and consist of an outer steel
plate 18 mm thick. An inner wood wall 22.5 mm
thick, the steel and wood are 90 mm apart to form a
cavity which is filled with cork. If the temperature
drop across the extreme faces of the composite wall
is 15C. Calculate the heat transfer per hour through
the wall and the temperature drop across the
thickness of the cork. Take the coefficients of thermal
conductivity for steel, cork and wood as 45, 0.045,
and 0.18 W/m-K respectively.
A. 408.24 kJ, 12.12C
C.
608.24 kJ,
13.12C
B. 708.24 kJ, 11.12C
D.
508.24 kJ,
14.12C
D
One side of refrigerated cold chamber is 6 m long by
3.7 m high and consist 168 mm thickness of cork
between outer and inner walls of wood. The outer
wood wall is 30 mm thick and its outside face
temperature is 20C, the inner wood wall 35 mm
thick and its inside face temperature is -3C. taking
the coefficient of thermal conductivity of cork and
wood 0.42 and 0.20 W/m-k respectively, calculate
the heat transfer per second per sq. m of surface
area.
A. 5.138 J
C. 6.318 J
B. 4.138 J
D. 3.318 J
B
Hot gases at 280C flow on one side of a metal of
10mm thickness and air at 35C flows on the other
side. The heat transfer coefficient of the gasses is
31.5 W/m2-K and that of the air is 32 W/m2-K.
Calculate the over-all transfer coefficient.
A. 15.82 W/m2-K
C. 14.82 W/m2-K

B.

16.82 W/m2-K
A

D.

17.82 W/m2-K

The surface temperature of the hot side of the

furnace wall is 1200C.it is desired to maintain the
outside of the wall at 38C. A 152 mm of refractory
silica is used adjacent to the combustion chamber
and 10 mm of steel covers the outside. What
thickness of insulating brick is necessary between
refractory and steel, if the heat loss should be kept at
788 W/m2, and 45 for steel.
A. 220 mm
C. 260 mm
B. 240 mm
D. 280 mm
A
A hollow sphere has an outside radius of 1 m and is
made of polystyrene foam with a thickness of 1 cm. a
heat source inside keeps the inner surface 5.20C
hotter than the outside surface? The thermal
conductivity of polystyrene foam is 0.033 W/mC.
A. 200 W
C. 300 W
B. 216 W
D. 316 W
B
An insulated steam pipe located where the ambient
temperature is 32C, has an inside diameter of 50
mm with 10 mm thick wall. The outside diameter of
the corrugated asbestos insulation is 125 mm and
the surface coefficient of still air is, h o = 12 W/m2-K.
Inside the pipe is steam having a temperature of
150C with film coefficient h i = 6000 W/m2-K.
Thermal conductivity of pipe and asbestos insulation
are 45 and 0.12 W/m2-K respectively. Determine the
heat loss per unit length of pipe.
A. 110 W
C. 130 W
B. 120 W
D. 140 W
B
How many watts will be radiated from s spherical
black body 15 cm diameter at a temperature of
800C?
A. 5.34 kW
C. 6.34 kW
B. 4.34 kW
D. 3.34 kW
A
A wall with an area of 10 m2 cm thickness of white
pine (k = 0.113 W/mC) followed by 10 cm of brick (k
= 0.649C W/mC). The pine is on the inside where
the temperature is 10C. Assuming equilibrium
conditions exist, what is the temperature at the
interface between the two metals?
A. 15.65C
C. 18.21C
B. 17.64C
D. 19.31C
D
A counter flow heat exchanger is designed to heat
fuel oil from 45C to 100C while the heating fluid
enters at 150Cvand leaves at 115C. Calculate the
arithmetic mean temperature difference?
A. 40C
C. 60C
B. 50C
D. 70C
C
A pipe with an outside diameter of 2.5 in. is insulated
with a 2 in layer of asbestos (k a = 0.396 Btu/in./hr-ft2F). If the temperature of cork 1.5 in. thick (k c = 0.30
Btu/in./hr-ft2-F). If the temperature of the outer
surface of the cork is 90F, calculate the heat loss
per 100 ft of insulated pipe.
A. 847.64 Btu/hr
C. 2847.42 Btu/hr
B. 3847.51 Btu/hr D. 1847.14 Btu/hr

C
The journals of a shaft are 380 mm diameter, it runs
at 105 rpm and the coefficient of friction between
journals and bearings is 0.02. If the average load on
the bearing is 200 KN, find the heat generated per
minute at the bearing?
A. 501.375 kJ
C. 401.375 kJ
B. 505.575 kJ
D. 501.575 kJ
A
The flow energy of 124 liters per minute of a fluid
passing a boundary to a system is 108.5 kJ/min.
determine the pressure at this point.
A. 875 kPa
C. 975 kPa
B. 675 kPa
D. 575 kPa
A
Work done by a substance in reversible non flow
manner in accordance with V = 100/P ft 3, where P is
in psia. Evaluate the work done on or by the
substance as the pressure increases from 10 psia to
100 psia.
A. 33,157.22 ft-lb
C. 43,157.22 ft-lb
B. -33,157.22 ft-lb D. -43,157.22 ft-lb
B
Calculate the change in enthalpy as 1 kg of nitrogen
is heated from 1000 K to 1500 K, assuming the
nitrogen is an ideal gas at a constant pressure. The
temperature dependent specific heat of nitrogen is Cp
= 39.06 512.79 T1.5 + 1072.7 T2 820.4T3 where Cp
is in kJ/kg-mol, T is in K.
A. 600 kJ
C. 800 kJ
B. 697.27 kJ
D. 897.27 kJ
B

One kilogram of wet steam at a pressure of 8 bar (Vg

= 0.2404 m3/kg, vf = 0.0011148 m3/kg) and dryness
0.94 is expanded until the pressure is 4 bar (vg =
0.4625 m3/kg, vf = 0.0010836 m3). If the expansion
follows the law PVn = C, where n =1.12, find the
dryness fraction of the steam at the lower pressure.
A. 0.9072
C. 0.2260
B. 0.4197
D. 0.2404
C
Wet saturated steam at 16 bar (hf = 859 kJ/kg , hg =
1935 kJ/kg) reducing valve and is throttled to a
pressure of 8 bar (hr = 721 kJ/kg, hfg = 2048 kJ/kg).
Find the dryness fraction of the reduces pressure
steam.
A. 0.8833
C. 0.9933
B. 0.7733
D. 0.6633
C
A 650 BHP diesel engine uses fuel oil of 28API
gravity, fuel consumption is 0.65 lb/BHP-hr. cost of
fuel is P 7.95 per liter. For continuous operation,
determine the minimum volume of cubical day tank
in cm3, ambient temperature is 45C.
A. 4,372,890 cm3
C. 5,291,880 cm3
B. 5,987,909 cm3
D. 7,352,789 cm3
A
A typical industrial fuel oil, C 16H32 with 20% excess air
by weight. Assuming complete oxidation of the fuel,
calculate the actual air-fuel ratio by weight.
A. 17.56 kgair/kgfuel
C.
16.75
kgair/kgfuel
B. 15.76 kgair/kgfuel
D.
17.65
kgair/kgfuel
A