ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

BFC 32403
EFFECT OF FLOOD TOWARDS
WATER SUPPLY
GROUP : LESTARI
SECTION : 1

INTRODUCTION
Water supply is the provision of water by public utilities,
commercial organizations, community endeavors or by
individuals, usually via a system of pumps and pipes.
Irrigation is covered separately.
There are two water sources used regularly .
1) Groundwater
- shallow wells
- deep wells
2) Surface water
- rivers
- lakes
- reservoirs

EFFECT OF FLOOD TOWARDS WATER

SUPPLY
According to World Health Organization (WHO), the
major risk factor for outbreaks associated with flooding
is the contamination of drinking water facilities.
As water supply is severely affected by flooding, the
risk of spreading of water borne and fatal diseases
increase during flood period.
Generally the impacts of flood on water sources are
inundation of water sources including tube-wells, ponds
and channels by contaminated flood water, disruption
of access to safe water sources and deteriorated
quality of water due to pollution and high level of
bacteriological contamination.

 Moreover, the pH value of water

supply from open wells show more
deviation from the WHO limit.
The explanation for this is the effect
of the submergence of these open
wells by the flood which carried
many
acidic
and
chemical
compounds in solution and deposited
inside these open water sources. pH
is a water quality parameter which is
used to evaluate the level of acidity
or alkalinity of drinking water.

 In addition, flood causes bad quality

water for drinking because its
turbidity is high.
Effect of flood towards water supply
also related to chloride content,
nitrate level, sulfate level, calcium
and magnesium content, and total
coliform bacteria.
The hefty flooding and increased
precipitation increased the
occurrences of total coliform bacteria
in water.

SOLUTION
(1)
Measures with tube-well (mainly three measures):

The tube-wells have been set on raised base do not sink during flood.

Cementing the base so that polluted floodwater cannot enter inside the tube-well.

Height of tube-wells, those sunk during a flood, has been increased, using a pipe.
(1)
Storing of drinking water in containers.
(2)
Disinfection of water.

Water purifying pill was used to keep the tube well water safe.

Boiling of floodwater before use.

Use alum with floodwater before use

For Public Drinking Water Systems

Keep Water Out

Secure Water and Chemical Storage
Tanks / Safeguard Chemical Supplies
Surface Water Intake Preparation

THANK YOU