Biomechanics KNES 311: Spring 2015

Exam #2 Study Sheet

Chapter 3: Linear Kinetics:
- Be able to explain Newtons 3 laws of motion and understand examples of how they work
1st- Inertia
An object at rest will remain at rest or an object in motion will remain in motion with the same
velocity and in the same direction unless acted upon by a force
P=mv
2nd- Acceleration
Produced when a force acts on a mass. The greater the mass the greater the amount of force
needed to accelerate the object
F=ma
3rd- Action- Reaction
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
- Inertia: what is it and its relationship to movement
Inertia- resistance to motion (kg)
The greater the inertia, the greater the force is needed to overcome and move
-

Application of Newtons 2nd law of motion

o Concept: how to determine the net force on an object it the acceleration of the object is
known
o The mass must be known to complete the calculation; f= ma

Concept: how to determine the acceleration of an object if the forces acting on the object
are known
o f/m= a
What is momentum? How is it calculated? P=mv quantifies how much force there is behind a
motion or how hard it can be to stop
Be able to explain collisions
o Elastic- two objects collide, momentum is conserved, and the objects bounce off
eachother
o

Inelastic- two objects collide, momentum is still conserved, but the objects in the
collision stay together and move at the same velocity

- Be able to explain the principle of conservation of momentum

In a system of bodies that exert force on each other, the total momentum in any direction remains constant
- Be able to explain the impulse-momentum relationship in sportThe greater the impulse, the greater the change in momentum; mass is usually constant, so to increase
momentum, velocity must e changed
o Key: focus on the examples we went over in the PPT slides
creases, linear velocity decreases