KHOA HOC KY THUAT THU Y TAP XXI SO 1 - 2(114

BENH VIEM VU H BO SffA NUOI TAI THANH PHO CAN THU

Trdn Ngoc Bich, Nguyen Hoang Shan,
Nguyen Phuc Khdnh, Pham Hoang Dung
Khoa Nong nghiep vd SHlfD-Truong Dai hoc Cdn Tha

TOM TAT
271 mau siia thu tir 72 bo siJa tai hgp tac xa nuoi bo sira Long Hoa, thanh pho Can Tha da dugfc
kiem tra bang phuang phap CMT. Ket qua kiem tra cho thay 25,09% thiiy vii bi viem a the tiem an
va 51,39% bo bi viem vii a the tiem an. Cac yeu to co anh huong ro ret den viem vii tiem an nhu hinh
thuc vat stla, thang cho siia, lua de. Cac yeu to khac it co anh huong hem nhu quy mo dan, nhom bo
lai, san lugng sUa.
Tir khoa: Bo siia, Viem vii tiem an, CMT, Thanh pho Can Tha
Mastitis in dairy cattle raising at Can Tho city
Tran Ngoc Bich, Nguyen Hoang Nhan,
Nguyen Phuc Khanh, Pham Hoang Dung

SUMMARY
271 milk samples collecting from 72 dairy cattle in Long Hoa dairy cattle raising cooperative,
Can Tho city were tested by using CMT method. The testing result showed that 25.09% of cow
udder lobes and 51.39% of cows were infected with latent mastitis. The factors such as: the
methods of collecting milk, month of lactating and farrows affected significantly to the rate of
latent mastitis. Other factors such as: herd size, cross-breed and milk yield were less influenced
to the rate of latent mastitis.
Key words: Dairy cattle, Latent mastitis, CMT, Can Tho city

I. DAT VAN DE
Trong cac loai benh thuong xay ra tren bo
siJa, benh viem vii la benh pho bien, de lay lan
va gay thiet hai ve kinh te rat lan vi no Iam giam
san lugng siJa va chat lugng siJa. Tai Viet Nam,
trong thcfi gian gan day, benh vi8m vii tren dan
bo siia bat dau dugc quan tam. Nhieu khao sat
cho thdy ty le b?nh viem vu tren dan bo siia la
vao khoang 30 -50% dan bo sOa bi mac benh,
dac biet la benh viem vii a the tiem an. Tuy
khong gay chet ngay cho bo mac benh, nhung
thi^t hai vd kinh ti la kha Ion, tham chi phai
loai thai vat nuoi. Benh co the a dang lam sang
hoac can Iam sang tuy thuoc vao mire do cua
qua trinh viem nhiem. Nghien ciru gan day cho
th3y b?nh viem vii chi6m 26% tong so chi phi

tat ca benh tat ciia bo sura, no dac biet nghiem

trong vi sir thiet hai tir benh viem vii da cao gap
hai Ian thiet hai do vo sinh va benh sinh san.
Benh viem vii tren bo s&a, mSc dii da dugc
nghien ciiu nhieu tren the gioi cung nhu a mot
so vimg ciia Viet Nam, tuy nhien van chua c6
mgt nghien cuu tong the nao danh gia cac yeu
to nguy ca (con giong, cham s6c-nu6i duong,
ve sinh-sat triing chuong trai, dung cu chan
nuoi,...) lienquandenbenh viem vii tren bo sita
tai nong ho (hgp tac xa) viing Dong bang song
Ciiu Long. Do do, chiing toi tien hanh thuc hien
nghien curu nay nham khao sat cac yeu to nguy
ca lien quan den benh viem vii tren bo siia de tir
do de ra cac bien phap phong chong hiiu hieu.

KHOA HOC KY THUAT T H C Y TAP XXI SO 1 - 2014

II. NOI DUNG,VAT LIEU

VA PHlTONG PHAP NGHIEN ClTU

phong thi nghiem Vi sinh - Mien dich, Bg mon

thii y, truong Dai hgc Can Tho.
Phuffngphdp xdc dinh viem vu ldm sdng

2.1. Noi dung nghien cihi

- Khao sat ty le viem vii bo siia the lam sang
va can Iam sang (tiem an).

- Kilm tra bSng cam quan theo TCVN 7405:

2009.

- Phan tich cac yeu to lien quan den benh

viem Vli ciia bo sira: nhom mau lai (FI, F2, F3);
san lugng siia/bo/ngay (< 14kg; 14-18kgva>18
kg sura/bo/ngay); lira de (I liia, 2-3 liia va > 4
lua de); Hinh thurc vSt siia; Quy mo dan (1-5
con/hg, 6-lOcon/hg, 11-15 con/hg).

- Kiem tra bang bien phap so nan bau vii

(Nguyin Van Thdnh, 2010)

2.2. Vat lieu nghign cuu

271 mSu sua cua 72 bo dang cho siia dugc thu
thap tai hgp tac xa bo siia Long Hoa - TP. Can Tha
2.3. Phuong phap nghign cuu
Dieu tra hoi cuu dua tren so lieu ghi chep
cua HTX va dieu tra cat ngang bang each khao
sat thuc dia va idy mlu siia dem ve kiem tra o

Phuffng phdp xdc dinh viem vu tiem an

(can Idm sdng) bSng CMT (California Mastihs
test) theo do siia c6 vdn de se co so lugng bach
cm tren 800.000 t6 bao/ml siia (Nguyin Van
Thanh, 2010). Theo ket qua nay nhiing bau vii
thil CMT tir (2+) tra len dugc xem la viem vii
tiem an.
-So lieu duac tong hgp bSng phan mem
Excel (2003) va so sanh cac ty 16 bang phuang
phap Chi Square Fixer's exact test, Chi Square
Test cua phdn mem Minitab 16.0.
III. K E T Q U A - T H A O L U ^ N

Bang 1. Ty le bo viem vu the lam sang va the can lam sang (n = 72)
The viem

S6 bo khao sat (con)

So bo viem (con)

Tyl#(%)

Lam sang

2,78"

Can lam sang

37

51.39"

39

54,17

0,00

P - Value
Tong

72

Cdc ky tu-a, b trong citng mot cot khdc nhau thi khdc nhau co y nghia thong ke (P<0,05)
Ket qua kiem tra 72 bo dang cho sua tai
HTX cho thay ty le bo viem vii Iam sang chiem
2,78% va the tiem an chiem 51,39%. Co sir khac
biet rat co y nghTa thong ke giiia ty le bo viem
vu the lam sang va the tiem an (P = 0,00). Ty
Ie viem vu tiem an rat cao so voi viem vu lam
sang. Viem vii the tiem an khong bieu hien ra
ben ngoai nhung la nguyen nhan suy giam san
lugng ciing nhu chdt lugng siia. N8u khong phat
hien va dilu tri kip thai co the se chuyen sang
viem vu the lam sang lam tang nguy co bau vii

bi hu va lam giam gia tri kinh te ciia bo. Ket qua

ciia chiing toi tuang ducmg voi ket qua nghien
curu ciia Nguyin Thj H6ng Chau (2004) vai ty le
bo viem vii lam sang chilm 2,64% khi khao sat
benh viem vii tren dan bo sira tai thi xa Tan An,
huyen Chau Thanh va Thii Thira, tinh Long An.
3.2 Tinh trang viem vii the cSn lam s^ng cua
thijy vu bang phironng phdp CMT
Ket qua dugc trinh bay 6 bang 2.

KHOA HOC KY THUAl THU Y TAP XXI SO 1 - 2014

Bang 2. Ket qua thip miu sira theo phu'cng phap CMT (n = 271)
So m l u i<hao sat

Ty ie (%)

O(-)

120

44,28

1()

83

30,63
Cong 74.91%

MCFC do

CMT

2(t)

36

13.28

3(++)

18

6,64

4 (+++)

14

5,17
Cong 25,09%

Tong

271

100

Qua kiem tra 271 mu sira idy tir thiiy vii cua
72 bo dang cho siia bang thulc thir CMT. ket
qua CO 151 mau a cac mire do tir 1 () den 4
(+), chilm ty le 55,72%. Trong do, 30,63% a
mire 1(), 68 mlu tii 2 (+) din 4 (+++) la nhiing
mau siia viem vii the can lam sang, chiem ty Ie
25,09%. Ket qua ciia chiing toi gan giong vai
nghien cuu ciia mgt so tac gia: Nguyen Ngoc

Thanh Ha (2004), ty le thiiy vu viem nem an

chiem 24,92%. Ly Tlii Lien Khai (2010) la
27,11%.
3.3 Viem vu the can lam sang theo hinh thuc
vat sira
Ket qua dugc trinh bay a bang 3.

Bang 3. Sif lien quan giu-a hinh thirc vat sira va viem vu the can lam sang
Hinh thipc vat sipa

So bo khao sat

So thiiy vij Itlnao sat

So thuy vij viem

V^t bang tay

29

112

19

16,96

v l t bang m^y

43

159

49

30,82-

72

271

68

25,09

P - Vaiue
T6ng

Ty ie (%)

0,01

Cfic ky tua. b trong ciing mot col khdc nhau thi khdc nhau co y nghTa thong ke (P<0,05)
Qua khao sat chiing toi nhan thy tat ca
bo viem vii the lam sang deu thuoc nhiing hg
chan nuoi ap dyng phuang thiic vat siia bang
may. Dieu nay that su quan trgng khi su dung
chung dung cu vdt siia ma khong dugc ve sinh
ky luflng CO the la nguon truyen lay vi khuan
cho nhiing bo khoe manh khac thong qua may
vdt siia. S6 thiiy vii viem the can Iam sang giUa
hinh thirc vdt bang tay va vdt bang may khac
biet CO y nghTa thong ke (P = 0.01). Vdt bang
tay ty 1? viem vii the can lam sang la 16.96%,
vdt bang may la 30.82%. Vdt bdng may co ty le

viem vu cao hem c6 the do six dung may khong

diing ky thuat, vat kiet siia qua gay ton thuang
bau Vli hoac mam benh lay lan tir con nay sang
con khac thong qua may vat siia. Ket qua ciia
chung toi phu hgp vai nghien ciru ciia Tran
Thanh Xuan (2005) vat siia bang may ty Ie viem
vu the can lam sang (41,89%) cao han vdt sita
bdng tay (22,11%).
3.4 Viem vu the cSn lam sang voi quy mo dan
Ket qua dugc trinh bay 6 bang 4.

KHOA HOC KY THUAT T H C Y TAP XXI SO 1 - 2014

Bang 4. Su* lien quan giiFa quy mo dan den viem vu the can lam sang
Quy mo dan
{con/ho)

So bo khao sat

So thiiy vu khao sat

So thiiy viJ viem

Ty le (%)

1 -5

30

16,67

6-10

18

66

13

19,70

11 -15

45

175

50

28,57

72

271

68

25,09

0,19

P - Value
Tong

Qua bang 4 cho thay ty le vii viem the can

lam sang cao nhat a quy mo dan 11-15 con/hg
(chiem 28,57%)) va thap nhat 6 dan 1 - 5 con/
hg (chiem 16,67%)). Tuy nhien khac biet nay
khong CO y nghia ve mat thdng ke (P = 0,19).
Dieu nay c6 the giai thich la do cac hg chan nuoi
voi quy mo dan 11-15 con/hg cao hon quy mo
dan 1 - 5 con/hg, nhung each bo tri mat do hop
ly va CO chil y ky ve mat ve sinh, mgt so hg con
trang bi he thong lam mat cho bo khi thai tiet
nong va day la nhiing hg nuoi lau nam nen co
each kiem soat viem vu tot. Ket qua ciia chiing

toi giong voi nghien ciru cua Tran Thanh Xuan

(2005) cho rang ty Ie vu viem tiem an tang theo
quy mo dan, cao nhat a quy mo dan >I0 con/hg
(50%) va thdp nhdt adan I - 5 con/hg (13,22%).
Nguyin van Phat (1999) cho rang quy mo d^n
1 - 4 con/hg co ty le vii viem tiem an 7,75% va
quy mo dan tren 4 con co ty Ie la 13,85%.
3.5 Nhom mau lai voi viem vu the cSn lam
sang
Ket qua dugc trinh bay a bang 5.

Bang 5. Sir Hen quan giO'a nhom mau lai va viem vu the c^n lam sang
Nhom mau lai

So bo khao sat

So thiiy vu khao sat

So thijy vu viem

Ty ie(%)

F1

18

63

21

33,33

F2

27

104

22

21,15

F3

27

104

25

24,04

72

271

68

25.09

P - Value
Tong

0,20

Qua bang 5 cho thay ty Ie thiiy vii viem thi can

lam sang cao nhdt a nhom mau lai Fl (33,33%o),
thap nhat a nhom mau lai F2 (2I,I5%i). Tuy
nhien sir khac biet nay khong co y nghia thong
ke (P = 0,20). Nhom mau lai khong anh huong
den viem vii tiem an. Nhom mau lai Fl tuy cho
san lugng siia thdp ban nhom mau lai F2 va F3

nhimg thich ung voi moi truong tot hon nhom

mau lai F2 va F3 (6 cung do tuoi).
3.6 San luong sira va viem vii the can lam
sang
Ket qua dugc trinh bay a bang 6.

KHOA HQC KY THUAT THU Y T^P XXI SO 1 - 2014

Bang 6. SLP lien quan giCra san lu>o-ng su'a va viem vu the can lam sang
San iifang sipa
(kg/con/ngay)

So bo khao sat

So thiiy vu khao sat

So thiiy vu viem

Ty ie (%)

<14

32

116

34

29,31

14-18

23

89

20

22,47

>18

17

66

14

21,21

72

271

68

25,09

P - Value
Tong

0.38

Khac biet khong co y nghia thong ke ve ty le

thiiy vu viem the can lam sang theo san lugng
sira (P = 0,38). Tuy vay viem vii the can lam
sang vin co phan nao Iam giam san lugng su'a.
Ty I? thiiy vii viem the can Iam sang cao nhdt d
san lugng sua < 14kg/con/ngay (29,31 %) va thdp
nhdt >I8kg/con/ngay (21,21%). Kit qua cua
chiing toi phii hgp voi nghien cuu ciia Nguyin
Minh Tri (2008) khi nhan dinh bo bi benh viem

Vli the can lam sang lam giam san lugng sua.
Ty Ie Vli viem a san lugng sira <IOkg/con/ngay
(41,27%i) va thap nhat a san lugng sira >15kg/
con/ngay (18,18%). Souto va ctv (2010) cung
cho rang viem vii se lam giam san lugng siia.
3.7 Lira de vdi viem vti the can lam s^ng
Ket qua dugc trinh bay a bang 7.

Bang 7. Viem vu the can lam sang theo lu'a de

Lu-a 66 (iLFa)

So bo khao sdt

So thiiy vu khao sat

So thuy vu viem

30

118

19

16.10b

15

57

15

26.32ab

35

12

34.29a

4-8

18

61

22

36.07a

72

271

68

25.09

P - Value
T6ng

Ty if (%)

0.01

Cdc ky lira, b trong ciing mot cot khdc nhau thi khdc nhau co y nghia thong ke (P< 0,05)
Qua bang 7 chiing toi nhan thay co su khac
bi^t CO y nghia thong ke ve ty le viem vii the can
lam sang giiia cac lira de (P = 0,01). Ty le vii
viem the can Iam sang cao nhat a Iiia de thii 4 - 8
(36,07%) va thdp nhdt a lira de thir 1 (16,10%).
Ty I? vii viem a Ilia de thii 2 va lira de thii 3
lan lugt la 26,32% va 34,29%. Ty le vii viem
the can lam sang tSng dan theo lua de. Ket qua
ciia chiing toi tuang tu vai nghien cuu cua mgt
so tac gia: Tran Thanh Xuan (2005) cho rang
ty I? vii viem tiem an thap nhat a lua de thii
I (23,22%) va cao nhdt a lira de >7 (62,22%),
Nguyin van Phat (1999) cho biet ty le vii viem
thap nhat a lira de thir 1 (5,97%i) va sau do tang

dan den Iiia de >4 (13,20%). Theo Nguyen Ngoc

Dien (1999), ty Ie vii viem thap nhat a lua de thii
1 (34,51%) va cao nhdt a Iiia de >12 (100%).
Ket qua nay ciing phii hop vai tac gia Tainturier
(1997), cho rang ty le vii viem the can Iam sang
tang dan theo liia de ciing nhu theo tuoi, do gia
siic ldn tuoi, ca vong dau vii giam tinh dan hoi
nen vi sinh vat de xam nhap vao bau vii va gay
viem Vli. Detilleus va ctv (1997), cho rang so
lugng te bao than tang Ien theo lira de, dieu nay
CO the giai thich rang do ty le viem vii tang theo
lira de dan den so lugng te bao than cung tang
theo. Skrzypek va ctv (2004), cho rdng so lugng
te bao than tang theo lira de.

KHOA HOC KY THUAT THU Y TAP XXI SO 1 - 2014

3.8 Thang cho sua va viem vu the can ISm s^ng

Ket qua dugc trinh bay a bang 8.
Bang 8. SLP lien quan giira thang cho sira va viem vu the c|n lam sang
Thang cho sij'a

So bo khao sat

So thiiy vu khao sat

So thiiy vij viem

1-2

15

56

12

21.43"

3-4

20

79

10

12.66

5-6

12

45

12

26.67"

7-8

10

39

13

33,33

>8

15

52

21

40,38'

72

271

68

25,09

P-Value

T6ng

TJ 1$ (%)

0.00

Cdc ky tu a, b. c trong cung mot cot khdc nhau thi khdc nhau co y nghia thong ke (P<0,05)
Qua bang 8 cho thay co su khac biet co y
nghia thing ke ve ty Ie vii viem the can lam sang
giiia cac thang cho sua (P = 0,00). Ty le nay tang
dan theo cac thang cho sira, thap nhdt a thang
cho sua thu 3 - 4 (12,66%) va cao nhdt a thang
thii >8. Kit qua cua chung toi phii hgp vai nhan
dinh cua mpt so tac gia nhu Kennedy (1982),
Radostits (2000) cho rang so lugng tl bao than
giam nhanh trong suot hai thang cho siira dau
tien sau do tang dan len cho din khi can siia, su
tang len ciia te bao than nay thuong la do anh
huong cua tinh trang viem vii.
Ket qua ciia chiing toi cung phii hgp vai
nghien ciiu ciia mgt so tac gia khi nhan dinh
rang ty le so vii viem the can lam sang tang
dan theo thang cho sua: theo Nguyin Van Phat
(1999) ty le thdp nhdt a thang cho sua thir I
- 3 (4,62%)) va cao nhat a thang cbo siia >6
(11,76%). Theo Nguyin Ngoc Diln (1999), ty
le nay thdp nhdt a thang cho siia thii 2 (13,29%)
va cao nhdt a thang thii 12 (75%). Tran Thanh
Xuan (2005), cho rang ty le vii viem thi cSn
Iam sang thdp nhdt a thang cho sua thii 3 - 4
(20,65%) va cao nhdt a thang thii >7 (53,64%).
Theo Nguyin Minh Tri (2010), ty le vu viem
thap nhat a thang cho siia 4 - 6 (10,42%) va cao
nhdt a thang thii >9 (58,33%).

IV. KET LUAN

Qua kiem tra 271 mlu s&a ciia 72 bo dang
cho sira bang phuong phap CMT da xac dinh
25,09%) thuy vii viem the tilm dn va 51,39%
bo kiem tra bi viem vii 6 the tiem an. Yeu td
hinh thirc vat siia, thang cho sua, liira de c6 anh
huong ro ret din viem vii tiem an. Cac yeu to
quy mo dan, nhom mau lai, san lugng siia it co
anh huong hon.

TAI LIEU THAM KHAO

1. Abdel - Rady A., Sayed M. (2009),
Epidemiological studies on subclinical
mastitis in dairy cows in Assiut Govemorate,
Veterinary World, 2(10):373-380
2. Kennedy B. W., Sethar M. S., Tong A. K.
W., Moxlay J. E. and Downey B. R. (1982),
Environmental factors influencing test - day
somatic cell counts in Holsteins, Journal of
Dairy Science, 65:275-280.
3. Ly Thi Lien Khai (2010), "Phan lap va kilm
tra tinh nhay cam cua khang sinh dii v6i vi
khuan E.coli, Staphylococcus aureus trong
sua va moi truong vdt sua a mgt s6 hg chSn
nuoi bo sfta thuoc thanh phi Cdn Tho", Ky
yeu hoi nghi khoa hgc, tr. 401 - 410.

KHOA HOC KY THUAT T H O Y TAP XXI SO 1 - 2014

Nguyin Minh Tri (2008), Kilm soat benh

viem Vli tren dan bo siia nuoi tap trung tai
trung tam giong nong nghi?p Thanh Pho
Can Tha, Luan van thae sT Khoa hgc Nong
nghiep, trucmg Dai Hgc Can Tha.
Nguyen Ngoc Diln (1999), Dieu tra tinh
trang viem vu tiem an tren dan bo siia tai
quan 12 - TP.HCM, Luan van thae sT Khoa
hgc N6ng nghiep, Dai Hgc Nong Lam,
TP.HCM.
Nguyin Nggc Thanh Ha (2004), Dilu tra
tinh hinh chan nuoi, nuoi cay, phan lap va
thu khang sinh d l mgt s6 loai vi khuan gay
viem vu tiem an tren dan bo sua Thanh Pho
Can Tha, Lu^n van th?c sT Khoa hgc Nong
nghiep, Truong Dai Hgc Can Tho.
Nguyin Thi H6ng Chau (2004), Dilu tra
mgt so yeu to chan nuoi va benh viem vu
tren dan bo siia tai thi xa Tan An, Huyen
Chau Thanh va Thii Thira, tinh Long An,
Luan van thae si Khoa hgc Nong nghiep,
Truong Dai Hgc Can Tha.

8. Nguyen Van Phat (1999), Dieu tra benh

viem Vli tren dan bo sira khu vuc TP.HCM,
Luan van thae sT Khoa hgc Nong nghiep,
Dai Hgc Nong Lam - TRHCM.
9. Nguyin Van Thanh (1998), "Khao sat dilu
tri benh viem vu tren dan bo sua". Tap san
khoa hoc ky thuat Nong Ldm Nghiep, so 12,
tr 77-79.
10. Skrzypek R., Wojtowski J. and Fahr R. D.
(2004), Factors affecting somatic cell count
in cow bulk tank milk: A case study from
Poland, J. Vet. Med A, 51:127-131.
11. Trdn Thanh Xuan (2005), Khao sat tinh
trang viem vii bo va thir nghiem bien phap
phong tri tai khu vuc xi nghiep bo siia An
Phuoc - tinh Dong Nai, Luan van thae sT
Khoa hgc Nong nghiep, Dai Hgc Nong Lam
- TPHCM.
Nhan ngay 4,8.2013
Phan bien ngay: 20.10.2013

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7 qudc gia, trong dd cd Trung Qudc Mac du v^y, day la lan dau tien cd bao cao vl tmdng hop nhilm HI0N8 tren
ngudi Hi?n van chua cd bang chimg cho thiy kha nang lay t i ngudi sang ngudi cua virus nay.
Trung Qudc vii cdc qudc gia chau A dang vao miia ddng vdi thdi tilt khd lanh, thdi diem nay vdn la miia ciim
trong nam dong thd! ludn phai doi phd vdi nhieu van de do ciim gia cam. Ke tir dau nSm 2013, qudc gia nay da chung
kicn SV xuil hi?n ciia ba ddng virus ciim mdi tren ngudi la H6N1, H7N9 va tdi nay la H10N8. Trong do, chung virus
H7N9 da khiln hon mpt trim ngudi b] lay nhilm tai Trung Qudc dai luc, Dai Loan, dac khu hanh chinh Hong Kong
va cirdp di 45 sinh m?ng
Trong m$t nghien cuu cdng bd hdi thang 8. cac nha khoa hoc da chi ra kha nang lay lan tir ngudi sang ngudi ciia
virus H7N9, va do dd tiem in nguy co gay ra d?i dich ldn, Tuy vay, cac chuyen gia vin khang dinh chua cd bang
chung cy ihi- cho thay virus nay cd the lay lan tren ngudi mgt each de dang va nhanh chdng,
Pliirtmg Tfido
Theo Pelrolimes (25/12/2013)