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GSM BSS Network KPI (SDCCH Call Drop Rate) Optimization Manual
GSM BSS Network KPI (SDCCH Call Drop Rate) Optimization Manual
Product Name
Confidentiality Level
G3BSC
INTERNAL
Product Version
Total 28 pages
INTERNAL
Prepared by
Date
2008-8-25
Reviewed by
Date
yyyy-mm-dd
Reviewed by
Date
yyyy-mm-dd
Approved by
Date
yyyy-mm-dd
2015-5-28
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GSM BSS Network KPI (SDCCH Call Drop Rate) Optimization Manual
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Contents
1 Overview of SDCCH Call Drop Rate.................................................6
1.1 Definition...........................................................................................................................................................6
1.2 Recommended Formula.....................................................................................................................................6
1.3 Signaling Procedure and Measurement Points..................................................................................................7
4 Test Method................................................................................ 19
5 Remarks About the Signaling Analysis of the SDCCH Call Drop Rate
..................................................................................................... 20
6 Cases for SDCCH Call Drop Rate Optimization...............................22
6.1 Case 1: SDCCH Call Drop in a Synchronous Network...................................................................................22
6.2 Case 2: Call Drop Due to Imbalance Between Uplink and Downlink............................................................22
6.3 Case 3: Call Drop Due to Antenna System Problem.......................................................................................23
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GSM BSS Network KPI (SDCCH Call Drop Rate) Optimization Manual
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GSM BSS Network KPI (SDCCH Call Drop Rate) Optimization Manual
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Figures
Figure 1-1 Number of successful SDCCH seizures................................................................................................7
Figure 1-2 Number of successful SDCCH seizures in the signaling channel handover.........................................7
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Revision Record
Date
Revision Version
Change Description
Author
2008-8-25
V1.0
Draft completed.
Du Jian
References
SN
Document
Author
Date
Chen Baolin
2005-3-11
Xie Haibin
2008-6-18
Wu Zhen
2007-6-22
Yang Jixiang
2008-3-26
Yang Bin
2002-3-7
GSM BSS Network KPI (TCH Call Drop Rate) Optimization Manual
Su Shi
2008-6-20
Full Spelling
SDCCH
MS
Mobile Station
BSC
KPI
TCH
Traffic Channel
GSM BSS Network KPI (SDCCH Call Drop Rate) Optimization Manual
INTERNAL
1.1 Definition
The SDCCH call drop rate indicates the probability of call drops when the MS occupies the
SDCCH. The SDCCH call drop rate is one of accessibility KPIs. This KPI reflects the seizure
condition of signaling channels. If the value of this KPI is high, user experience is adversely
affected.
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GSM BSS Network KPI (SDCCH Call Drop Rate) Optimization Manual
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Figure 1.2 Number of successful SDCCH seizures in the signaling channel handover
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GSM BSS Network KPI (SDCCH Call Drop Rate) Optimization Manual
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Hardware failure
Transmission
Version upgrade
Parameter setting
2.2 Transmission
The SDCCH call drop rate increases in any of the following conditions: (1) The transmission
quality is poor on the A or Abis interface due to various reasons. (2) Transmission links are
unstable.
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GSM BSS Network KPI (SDCCH Call Drop Rate) Optimization Manual
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Handover parameters:
SDCCH HO Allowed is set to Yes.
T3103A(ms) and T3103C(ms) are set to too small values.
T3109(ms) is set to a too small value.
T3111(ms) is set to a too small value.
The length of timer T305/T308 is set to an invalid or too great value.
Disconnect Handover Protect Timer is set to a too small value.
The network planning is improper after the Um interface is synchronized.
Software Parameter 13 and MAX TA are set to too small values.
2.
3.
Repeater interference
4.
5.
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GSM BSS Network KPI (SDCCH Call Drop Rate) Optimization Manual
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If the signal from an antenna is blocked or the BCCH TRX is faulty, call drops may occur.
If the transmit antennas of two cells are misconnected, the uplink signal level in each cell
is much lower than the downlink signal level in the cell. Therefore, call drops are likely
to occur at a place far away from the BTS.
2.
If a directional cell has main and diversity antennas, the BCCH and SDCCH of the cell
may be transmitted from different antennas. If the two antennas have different pitch
angles or azimuths, the coverage areas of the two antennas are different. In this case, the
following result may occur: An MS can receive the BCCH signals from one antenna;
when a call is made, the MS cannot seize the SDCCH transmitted by the other antenna
and thus a call drop occurs.
3.
If the feeder is damaged, if water runs into the feeder, or if the feeder and the connector
are not securely connected, both the transmit power and receiver sensitivity of the
antenna are reduced. Thus, call drops probably occur.
2.9 Repeater
If a cell is installed with a repeater, BTS coverage problems may occur in the case that the
repeater is faulty or that the uplink and downlink gain is inappropriately set. Therefore, the
call drop rate increases.
If a wide-frequency repeater is used and the gain is set to a great value, strong interference
may be caused. As a result, the network quality is adversely affected and the call drop rate
increases.
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GSM BSS Network KPI (SDCCH Call Drop Rate) Optimization Manual
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GSM BSS Network KPI (SDCCH Call Drop Rate) Optimization Manual
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BUG
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GSM BSS Network KPI (SDCCH Call Drop Rate) Optimization Manual
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Measurement
Code
Interface
Distribution
M3001A
HO Access Failure
M3001B
OM Intervention
M3001C
Radio Resource
Unavailable
M3001D
Other Causes
M3001E
T200 Expired
M3000A
Unsolicited DM
Response
M3000B
Sequence Error
M3000C
Release Indication
M3002
M302
As the seizure
duration of the
SDCCH is short,
the call drop
may not occur.
Number of call
drops on the
SDCCH due to
transmission and
equipment
causes
M303
M304
M305
M306
M309
According to the traffic statistics, you can obtain the distribution of SDCCH call drops due to
Um and non Um causes. For Um causes, you need to check configuration parameters and
network interference. For hardware causes, you need to check hardware, transmission, and
equipment failure. If no obvious causes are found, you can perform the procedures shown in
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GSM BSS Network KPI (SDCCH Call Drop Rate) Optimization Manual
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the preceding figure. The following table lists the mapping between the traffic measurement
counters and the troubleshooting procedures.
Traffic Measurement
Counter
Troubleshooting Procedure
The following sections describe the solutions to high SDCCH call drop rates.
The traffic measurement counters and parameters in this document are the same as those in
the BSC6000V9R8C01B051 version.
Alarm Name
1000
2204
4414
3606
In addition, you can locate the fault by checking the traffic measurement related to hardware
failures.
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GSM BSS Network KPI (SDCCH Call Drop Rate) Optimization Manual
Cause
BSC-Level
Cell-Level
Equipment
Faults
INTERNAL
Alarm Name
1000
11270
LAPD Alarm
11278
E1 Local Alarm
11280
E1 Remote Alarm
20081
20082
In addition, you can locate the fault by checking the traffic measurement related to
transmission failures.
Cause
BSC-Level
Cell-Level
Transmis
sion
failure
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GSM BSS Network KPI (SDCCH Call Drop Rate) Optimization Manual
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RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN
This parameter specifies the minimum receive level of an MS to access the BSS. If this
parameter is set to a too small value, some MSs with low receive levels may access the
network and call drops are likely to occur. You can set this parameter to a great value to
reduce the SDCCH call drop rate. The counters related to traffic volume, however, are
accordingly affected.
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GSM BSS Network KPI (SDCCH Call Drop Rate) Optimization Manual
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T3109(ms)
This parameter specifies the period for waiting for a Release Indication message after the
BSC sends a Channel Release message to the BTS. If this parameter is set to a too small
value, the link may be released before the Release Indication message is received. As a
result, a call drop occurs. You can set this parameter to a greater value to reduce the
SDCCH call drop rate. It is recommended that timer T3109 be set to 12 seconds longer
than timer Radio Link Timeout.
T3111(ms)
This parameter specifies the interval between the time that the main signaling link is
disconnected and the time that a channel is deactivated. The purpose is to reserve a
period of time for repeated link disconnections. If this timer is set to a too small value, a
channel may be deactivated too early. Thus, the call drop rate increases.
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GSM BSS Network KPI (SDCCH Call Drop Rate) Optimization Manual
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the cells with the same BCCH or MA. When the multi-frame link is set up or the
signaling is transmitted at layer 2, the error decoding causes ERR_IND reporting by the
BTS. In this case, call drops occur. If the value of "Call Drops due to ERR IND Received
on SDCCH in Stable State" is great, you need to optimize TOP cells.
MAIO
If FH is used in a cell, and MAIO is set improperly (for example, the FH offsets of
different TRXs in a cell are set to the same value), the frequencies collide during the FH.
In this case, the call drop rate increases.
TRX-Level
Interference
MR Measurement ->
Interference Band Measurement per TRX
Mean Number of SDCCHs in Interference Band 1
Mean Number of SDCCHs in Interference Band 2
Mean Number of SDCCHs in Interference Band 3
Mean Number of SDCCHs in Interference Band 4
Mean Number of SDCCHs in Interference Band 5
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GSM BSS Network KPI (SDCCH Call Drop Rate) Optimization Manual
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as the antenna coverage direction, down tilt, damaged feeder, water running into the feeder,
and insecurely connected connector.
For solutions for the problems, see the GSM BSS Network KPI (Network Coverage)
Optimization Manual and the GSM BSS Network KPI (Uplink and Downlink Balance)
Optimization Manual.
Cell-Level
TRX-Level
Repeater
None
MR Measurement ->
Number of MRs Based on TA
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GSM BSS Network KPI (SDCCH Call Drop Rate) Optimization Manual
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Test Method
The SDCCH call drop rate is one of accessibility KPIs, which can be measured through
registration or reporting of the related traffic measurement KPIs. Currently, vendors and
mobile operators use different formulas to calculate the SDCCH call drop rate, thus leading to
different values of this counter. In actual measurement, you should register the specific
counters and use an appropriate formula to calculate the value of this counter.
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GSM BSS Network KPI (SDCCH Call Drop Rate) Optimization Manual
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Then, right-click a piece of signaling of a call and choose Show Chart from the shortcut
menu, as shown in the following figure.
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GSM BSS Network KPI (SDCCH Call Drop Rate) Optimization Manual
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From the following figure, you can view such information as the uplink and downlink receive
level of the serving cell, uplink and downlink signal quality of the serving cell, downlink
receive level of neighboring cells, TA, MS power, and BTS power. Based on the information,
you can find out the causes for call drops, such as insufficient downlink coverage and
interference.
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GSM BSS Network KPI (SDCCH Call Drop Rate) Optimization Manual
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GSM BSS Network KPI (SDCCH Call Drop Rate) Optimization Manual
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The tracing result (as shown in the previous figure) shows that the uplink signal level is much
lower than the downlink signal level. Therefore, call drops occur.
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GSM BSS Network KPI (SDCCH Call Drop Rate) Optimization Manual
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GSM BSS Network KPI (SDCCH Call Drop Rate) Optimization Manual
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Check Item
Remarks
Purpose
Software version
Data
configuration
*.dat file
Alarm
information
Traffic
measurement
Traffic
measurement
Signaling
DT data
Others
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