To create Database:

mysql> create database cegon;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
To use the Database:
mysql> use cegon;
Database changed
To create Table:
mysql> create table student(id
varchar(10),primary key(id));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

int(10),name

varchar(20),gender

To view the structure of the table:

mysql> describe student;
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field
| Type
| Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id
| int(10)
| NO | PRI | 0
|
|
| name | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL |
|
| gender | varchar(10) | YES | | NULL |
|
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.02 sec)
To Insert the data:
mysql> insert into student values(224,'mohanraj','male');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> insert into student values(225,'karthi','male');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into student values(226,'jayashree','female');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

To retrieve the data

mysql> select * from student;
+-----+-----------+--------+
| id | name
| gender |
+-----+-----------+--------+
| 224 | mohanraj | male |
| 225 | karthi | male |
| 226 | jayashree | female |
+-----+-----------+--------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
How to use where clause?
mysql> select * from student where name='mohanraj';
+-----+----------+--------+
| id | name | gender |
+-----+----------+--------+
| 224 | mohanraj | male |
+-----+----------+--------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)
mysql> select id,name from student where name='mohanraj';
+-----+----------+
| id | name |
+-----+----------+
| 224 | mohanraj |
+-----+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
How to use alter command?
mysql> alter table student add column email varchar(20);
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.05 sec)
Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> describe student;
+--------+-------------+------+-----+----------------+-------+
| Field | Type
| Null | Key | Default | Extra |

+--------+-------------+------+-----+--------+-------+
| id
| int(10)
| NO | PRI | 0
|
|
| name | varchar(20) | YES |
| NULL |
|
| gender | varchar(10) | YES |
| NULL |
|
| email | varchar(20) | YES |
| NULL |
|
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from student;
+-----+-----------+--------+-------+
| id | name
| gender | email |
+-----+-----------+--------+-------+
| 224 | mohanraj | male | NULL |
| 225 | karthi | male | NULL |
| 226 | jayashree | female | NULL |
+-----+-----------+--------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
How to update the data?
mysql> update student set email='raj@gmail.com' where id=224;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> update student set email='karthi@gmail.com' where id=225;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> update student set email='jayashree@gmail.com' where id=226;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from student;
+-----+-----------+--------+---------------------+
| id | name
| gender | email
|
+-----+-----------+--------+---------------------+
| 224 | mohanraj | male | raj@gmail.com
|
| 225 | karthi | male | karthi@gmail.com |
| 226 | jayashree | female | jayashree@gmail.com |

+-----+-----------+--------+---------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
After updating how to insert the data?
mysql> insert into student values(227,'venu','female','venu@gmail.com');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from student;
+-----+-----------+--------+---------------------+
| id | name
| gender | email
|
+-----+-----------+--------+---------------------+
| 224 | mohanraj | male | raj@gmail.com
|
| 225 | karthi | male | karthi@gmail.com |
| 226 | jayashree | female | jayashree@gmail.com |
| 227 | venu
| female | venu@gmail.com
|
+-----+-----------+--------+---------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
How to delete the data?
mysql> delete from student where id=227;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from student;
+-----+-----------+--------+---------------------+
| id | name
| gender | email
|
+-----+-----------+--------+---------------------+
| 224 | mohanraj | male | raj@gmail.com
|
| 225 | karthi | male | karthi@gmail.com |
| 226 | jayashree | female | jayashree@gmail.com |
+-----+-----------+--------+---------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
How to use like ?
mysql> select * from student where name like 'ja%';
+-----+-----------+--------+---------------------+
| id | name
| gender | email
|
+-----+-----------+--------+---------------------+
| 226 | jayashree | female | jayashree@gmail.com |
+-----+-----------+--------+---------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from student where name like '%ja';
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from student where name like '%hi';
+-----+--------+--------+------------------+
| id | name | gender | email
|
+-----+--------+--------+------------------+
| 225 | karthi | male | karthi@gmail.com |
+-----+--------+--------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Order by:
mysql> select id,name,gender from student order by gender;
+-----+-----------+--------+
| id | name
| gender |
+-----+-----------+--------+
| 226 | jayashree | female |
| 224 | mohanraj | male |
| 225 | karthi | male |
+-----+-----------+--------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select id,name,gender from student order by gender asc;
+-----+-----------+--------+
| id | name
| gender |
+-----+-----------+--------+
| 226 | jayashree | female |
| 224 | mohanraj | male |
| 225 | karthi | male |
+-----+-----------+--------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select id,name,gender from student order by gender desc;

+-----+-----------+--------+
| id | name
| gender |
+-----+-----------+--------+
| 224 | mohanraj | male |
| 225 | karthi | male |
| 226 | jayashree | female |
+-----+-----------+--------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
Group by:
mysql> select id,name,gender from student group by gender desc;
+-----+-----------+--------+
| id | name
| gender |
+-----+-----------+--------+
| 224 | mohanraj | male |
| 226 | jayashree | female |
+-----+-----------+--------+
2 rows in set (0.02 sec)
mysql> select id,name,gender from student group by gender asc;
+-----+-----------+--------+
| id | name
| gender |
+-----+-----------+--------+
| 226 | jayashree | female |
| 224 | mohanraj | male |
+-----+-----------+--------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
Aggregate functions:
Count:
mysql> select count(name) from student;
+-------------+
| count(name) |
+-------------+
|
3|
+-------------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)
mysql> select count(name) from student group by gender;

+-------------+
| count(name) |
+-------------+
|
1|
|
2|
+-------------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> select count(name) from student group by name;
+-------------+
| count(name) |
+-------------+
|
1|
|
1|
|
1|
+-------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> alter table student add column fee int(10);
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.03 sec)
Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> update student set fee=1000 where id=224;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> update student set fee=2000 where id=225;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> update student set fee=3000 where id=226;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from student;

+-----+-----------+--------+---------------------+------+
| id | name
| gender | email
| fee |
+-----+-----------+--------+---------------------+------+
| 224 | mohanraj | male | raj@gmail.com
| 1000 |
| 225 | karthi | male | karthi@gmail.com | 2000 |
| 226 | jayashree | female | jayashree@gmail.com | 3000 |
+-----+-----------+--------+---------------------+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
SUM:
mysql> select sum(fee) from student;
+----------+
| sum(fee) |
+----------+
| 6000 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> select sum(fee) from student group by gender;
+----------+
| sum(fee) |
+----------+
| 3000 |
| 3000 |
+----------+
2 rows in set (0.02 sec)
mysql> select sum(fee) from student order by gender;
+----------+
| sum(fee) |
+----------+
| 6000 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select gender,sum(fee) from student order by gender;

+--------+----------+
| gender | sum(fee) |
+--------+----------+
| male | 6000 |
+--------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select gender,sum(fee) from student group by gender;
+--------+----------+
| gender | sum(fee) |
+--------+----------+
| female | 3000 |
| male | 3000 |
+--------+----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>insert into student

values(228,'venu','female','venu@gmail.com',4000);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from student;
+-----+-----------+--------+---------------------+------+
| id | name
| gender | email
| fee |
+-----+-----------+--------+---------------------+------+
| 224 | mohanraj | male | raj@gmail.com
| 1000 |
| 225 | karthi | male | karthi@gmail.com | 2000 |
| 226 | jayashree | female | jayashree@gmail.com | 3000 |
| 228 | venu
| female | venu@gmail.com
| 4000 |
+-----+-----------+--------+---------------------+------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

AVERAGE:
mysql> select avg(fee) from student;
+-----------+
| avg(fee) |
+-----------+
| 2500.0000 |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MINIMUM:
mysql> select min(fee) from student;
+----------+
| min(fee) |
+----------+
| 1000 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MAXIMUM:
mysql> select max(fee) from student;
+----------+
| max(fee) |
+----------+
| 4000 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------JOINS:
mysql> create table emp(eid int(10),ename varchar(20),salary int(10));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> insert into emp values(223,'mohanraj',20000);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into emp values(224,'fizur',25000);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into emp values(225,'Rizwan',25000);

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into emp values(226,'selvi',23000);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from emp;

+------+----------+--------+
| eid | ename | salary |
+------+----------+--------+
| 223 | mohanraj | 20000 |
| 224 | fizur | 25000 |
| 225 | Rizwan | 25000 |
| 226 | selvi | 23000 |
+------+----------+--------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
NORMAL JOINS:
mysql> select a.id,a.name,b.ename,b.salary from student a,emp b where
a.name=b.ename;
+-----+----------+----------+--------+
| id | name | ename | salary |
+-----+----------+----------+--------+
| 224 | mohanraj | mohanraj | 20000 |
+-----+----------+----------+--------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
OUTERJOIN:
LEFT OUTER JOIN:
mysql> select a.id,a.name,b.ename,b.salary from student a left join emp
b on a.name=b.ename;
+-----+-----------+----------+--------+
| id | name
| ename | salary |
+-----+-----------+----------+--------+
| 224 | mohanraj | mohanraj | 20000 |
| 225 | karthi | NULL | NULL |

| 226 | jayashree | NULL | NULL |

| 228 | venu
| NULL | NULL |
+-----+-----------+----------+--------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

RIGHT OUTER JOIN:

mysql> select a.id,a.name,b.ename,b.salary from student a right join
emp b on a.name=b.ename;
+------+----------+----------+--------+
| id | name | ename | salary |
+------+----------+----------+--------+
| 224 | mohanraj | mohanraj | 20000 |
| NULL | NULL | fizur | 25000 |
| NULL | NULL | Rizwan | 25000 |
| NULL | NULL | selvi | 23000 |
+------+----------+----------+--------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
INNER JOIN:
mysql> select a.id,a.name,b.ename,b.salary from student a inner join
emp b on a.name=b.ename;
+-----+----------+----------+--------+
| id | name | ename | salary |
+-----+----------+----------+--------+
| 224 | mohanraj | mohanraj | 20000 |
+-----+----------+----------+--------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select a.id,a.name,b.ename,b.salary from student a inner join
emp b on a.id=b.eid;
+-----+-----------+--------+--------+
| id | name
| ename | salary |
+-----+-----------+--------+--------+
| 224 | mohanraj | fizur | 25000 |
| 225 | karthi | Rizwan | 25000 |
| 226 | jayashree | selvi | 23000 |

+-----+-----------+--------+--------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from emp;
+------+----------+--------+
| eid | ename | salary |
+------+----------+--------+
| 223 | mohanraj | 20000 |
| 224 | fizur | 25000 |
| 225 | Rizwan | 25000 |
| 226 | selvi | 23000 |
+------+----------+--------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
Timestamp in Mysql
mysql> select sysdate();
+---------------------+
| sysdate()
|
+---------------------+
| 2009-07-30 18:23:08 |
+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)
Date in Mysql
mysql> select curdate();
+------------+
| curdate() |
+------------+
| 2009-07-30 |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Time in Mysql
mysql> select utc_time();
+------------+
| utc_time() |
+------------+

| 13:00:40 |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
AND and OR :
mysql> select * from student where name='mohanraj' or name='karthi';
+-----+----------+--------+------------------+------+
| id | name | gender | email
| fee |
+-----+----------+--------+------------------+------+
| 224 | mohanraj | male | raj@gmail.com | 1000 |
| 225 | karthi | male | karthi@gmail.com | 2000 |
+-----+----------+--------+------------------+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select *
name='karthi';
Empty set (0.00 sec)

from

student

where

name='mohanraj'

and

mysql> select *
email='karthi';
Empty set (0.00 sec)

from

student

where

name='mohanraj'

and

mysql> select * from student where name='mohanraj'

email='raj@gmail.com';
+-----+----------+--------+---------------+------+
| id | name | gender | email
| fee |
+-----+----------+--------+---------------+------+
| 224 | mohanraj | male | raj@gmail.com | 1000 |
+-----+----------+--------+---------------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

and

IN:
mysql>insert into student
values(229,'laxmi','female','laxmi@gmail.com',1000);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into student
values(230,'rajini','male','rajini@gmail.com',2000);

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from student;
+-----+-----------+--------+---------------------+------+
| id | name
| gender | email
| fee |
+-----+-----------+--------+---------------------+------+
| 224 | mohanraj | male | raj@gmail.com
| 1000 |
| 225 | karthi | male | karthi@gmail.com | 2000 |
| 226 | jayashree | female | jayashree@gmail.com | 3000 |
| 228 | venu
| female | venu@gmail.com
| 4000 |
| 229 | laxmi | female | laxmi@gmail.com | 1000 |
| 230 | rajini | male | rajini@gmail.com | 2000 |
mysql> select name,email from student where fee in(1000,2000);
+----------+------------------+
| name | email
|
+----------+------------------+
| mohanraj | raj@gmail.com |
| karthi | karthi@gmail.com |
| laxmi | laxmi@gmail.com |
| rajini | rajini@gmail.com |
+----------+------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)