.

'
i

1925
Atlas of the

World

and

Gazetteer
Containing

NEW MAPS OF THE PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD

AND SEPARATE MAPS OF EACH AMERICAN STATE AND TERRITORY
THE CANADIAN PROVINCES, ETC.. ETC.
ACCOMPANIED BY INDIVIDUAL INDEXES OF EACH STATE. PROVINCE. ETC.
A DESCRIPTIVE GAZETTEER OF THE PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES OF THE
WORLD. AND FOURTEEN GEOGRAPHICAL CROSS-WORD PUZZLES

FUNK & WAGNALLS COMPANY

NEW YORK AND LONDON
1925

CONTENTS
MAPS
.byssinia

^den
Afghanistan

iuLmV.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.

Uaska

STATISTICAL G AZETTEER OF THE

WORLD

of grand divisions, countries, states, colonial possesThe

sions, etc., gives area, population and capital or seat of government.
mother country of colonial possessions is indicated by Italic abbreviations enclosed within parentheses.

This alphabetical

list

ABBREVIATIONS
British or British

Dan._

Domin.
Dutch
Ft.

Ger.
Gr.
I.

Is.
It.

Jap.
L. of N,

^land.

Empire

.. . ,

STATISTICAL GAZETTEER OF THE

Area
MUes)

Country

Population

WORLD
Capital

(Sq.

Belize (Br. Honduras)

Bermuda Islands (Br.).

8,598
19
20,000
79,440
514,155
Bolivia
31,106
Borneo (British)
212,737
Borneo (Dutch)
3,275,510
BrazU
355,855
British Columbia, Canada
8,598
British Honduras (Belize)
121,633
British Isles
4,000
Brunei (Br.)
40,656
Bulgaria
230,839
Burma (Br.)
158,297
California, U.S.A
45.000
Cambodia.Fr.Indo-China
191,300
CameToon(Br.&Fr.Mand.)
of
(Br.)
3,729,665
Canada, Domin.
.

..

Bhutan
Bokhara

CanalZone (t/.<S.A.)....
Canary Islands (Sp.) ....
Cape Breton Island, N. S.
Cape of Good Hope, U. of
So. Africa

502
3,342
3,975

3,584
54,264
42,460

2,781,185
149,793
39,000
13,500,000
5,253
3,089,263
5,634,652
4,504,283
89,614
3,754,723
302,110,000
320,650,000
17,284,207
5,855,077
939,629
15,500.000
1,380,631
476,581
310,400
2,889,004
32,709
310,808
13,595,816
841,705

5,090

621,503

794

330,252
223,003
3,267,831
437,571
37,059
897,405

276,966
1,480

Cape Verde

Is. (Port.)....

Caroline

(Jap. Mand.)

560

regiori)..

181,173

Is.

Caucasia

(i? us.

Cayman

Islands (Br.)...
Celebes (Dutch)
Central America

Ceylon (Br.)
Channel Islands

U. K.).

Chile

China, Chinese Rep

Chinese RepubUc
Chosen [Korea] (Jap.).
Colombia
Colorado, U.S.A
Congo, Belgian

Connecticut, U.S.A

Cuba

210

Curacao (Dufc^)
Cyprus (Br.)
Czecho-Slovakia

Dahomey

89
72,070
212,998
25,481
75
289,829
1,532,420
4,277, 170
84,738
440,846
103,948
909,654
4,965
23,000
3,330
44,215

Costa Rica
Crete, Greece

(Fr.)

45,317
22,000
250,000
3,000,000
2,889,970
208,183
1,625,453
30,635,605
523,369
45,317
47,307,601
25,454
4,861,439
13,205,564
3,426,861
1.634,252
2,541.871
8,769,489
22,858
506,414
131,495

Belize

Hamilton
Punakha
Bokhara
La Paz
Sandakan
Rio de Janeiro
Victoria

BeUze
Brunei
Sofia

Sacramento

Pnom-Penh
Buea
Ottawa
Balboa

Cape Town
Porto Praya

Georgetown

Menado
Colombo
Santiago

Peking
Seoul

Bogota
Denver
LeopoldviUe
Hartford
San Jose

Havana
Willemstad
Nicosia

Prague
Porto Novo

Dalmatia, J u g o-S 1 a v i a
(region)

Danzig,

Free City

of

(L.ofN.)

2,370
16,609

Delaware, U.S.A

Denmark
Dist. of Columbia, U.S.A.
Dominica (Br.)

Dominican Republic
East India Islands
East Indies, Dutch

683,000
116,000
350,000
58,340
45,800
23,160
3,879,000

Ecuador
Egypt
England,

70
305
19,332

U.K

Eritrea

Esthonia

Europe
Europe, Southeastern
Falkland Islands (Br.)
Faroe Islands (Dan.)
Federal Territory, Aus.

tralia (Br.)

FederatedMalaySt.(Br.)

6,500

540
940
27,506

49,l'6V,047

2,000,000
12,710,000
35,678,530
450,000
1,750,000
400,000,000

3,240
21,364
2,572
1,037,000

Danzig
Dover
Copenhagen

Roseau
Santo Domingo
Batavia
Quito
Cairo

London
Asmara
Reval

Port Stanley

Thomshawn

....

STATISTICAL GAZETTEER OF THE

Country

Area
(Sq.

Fiji Islands (Br.)

7,083
149,586

Finland......

Fiume

(Jap.).

58,668
13,944
212,659

(It.)

Florida, U.S.A

Formosa [Taiwan]

France
Franz Josef Land
French Equatorial Africa
French Soudan
French West Africa
Galapagos Is. (jE'cuador)..

Gambia

(Br.)

Georgia (Rus.Sov. Rep.).

Georgia, U.S.A

Germany
Gibraltar (Br.)

Gold Coast

722
225

C7.,S.^.)

Guatemala
Guiana,
Guiana,
Guiana,
Guinea,
Guinea,

British

Dutch
French
French
Portuguese

Haiti

Hawaii ( U.S.A.)
Hejaz
Holland (Netherlands)....

Honduras
Honduras, Br. (BeUze)..

Hong Kong

(Br.)

Hungary
Iceland
Idaho, U.S.A

U.S.A

56,665

India and Dependencies.

Indiana, U.S.A
Indo-China, French
Iowa, U.S.A
Irak [Mesopotamia] (Br.

Mand.)
Ireland, Northern, U.
Irish Free State (Br.).
Isle of Man, U.
Italy

K.
.

Japan
Java (Dutch)
Jugo-Slavia
Kansas, U.S.A
Karafutu [Sakhalin] (Jap.)

Kentucky, U.S.A
(Br.)

lOiiva

Korea [Chosen] (Jap.)...

Labrador (Br.)
Latvia

Leeward Islands (Br.)

Liberia
Liechtenstein

Louisiana, U.S.A.
..

36,354
256,000
56,147
143,250
8,613
23,973
117,982
121,976
4,207
148,756
48,857
95,628
82,158
13,253
40,598
245,060
24,310
84,738
120,000
24,440

715
40,000
65
31,700
48,506

Lithuania

Luxemburgooo.o...

1 ,802,629

227

Ivory Coast (Fr.)

Jamaica (Br.)

Kenya

48,290
89,500
46,060
32,000
95,218
13,940
10,204
6,449
170,000
15,760
44,275
8,598
391
35,654
39,709
83,888

965

Ifni(<Sp.)
Illinois,

1,800,566
2,400
4,500
25,760
59,265
183,381

80,000
41,933
826,000
133

Grenada (Br.)
Guadeloupe (Fr.)
(

982,049
617,600

(Br.)

Greece
Greenland (Dan.)

Guam

Population

MUes)

..

998

WORLD

.. ..

STATISTICAL GAZETTEER OF THE. WORLD

Country

Area

Population

Capital

(Sq. Miles)

Macao

4
228,000

{Port.)

Madagascar (Fr.)
Madeira Islands (Port.)

Madura

(Dutch)

Maine, U.S.A

Malta
]\

(Br.)

I anchuria,

12,327
8,266
347,400
1,057

74,866
3,512,690
170,000
1,600,000
768,014
224,500
12,740,000
610,118
10,000
16,500
193,000
1,449,661
3,852,356
261,532
140,746

143,250
767,198
57,980

2,849,282
15,501,684
3,668,412

84,682

2,387,125

314

Chinese Rep.

Manitoba, Canada

1,700
33,040
118
363,610
251,832

Mariana Islands (Jap. Mand.)

MarshaU Islands {Jap. Mand.)
Martinique

(Fr.)

Marj'land, U.S.A
Massachusetts, U.S.A....

Mauretania

Memel

(Fr.)

Mesopotamia
Mand.)

Miquelon {Fr.)
Mississippi, U.S.A
Missouri, U.S.A
Molucca Islands (Dute/i).

Monaco

83

443

46,865
69,420
22,781

1,790,618
3,404,055

Mongolia, Chinese Rep...

Montana, U.S.A
Montserrat (Br.)
Morocco, French Zone.
Morocco, Spanish Zone
Mozambique (Port. E.
.

Africa)

Natal, Union of So. Africa

Nebraska, U.S.A
Nepal
Netherlands [Holland]....
Nevada, U.S.A
New Britain Archipelago
{Australia Mand.)

New Brunswick, Canada

New Caledonia (Fr.) ....
Newfoundland

{Br.)

New Guinea {Br. Mand.)

New Guinea {Dutch) ....
New Hampshire, U.S.A..
New Hebrides Islands

& Fr.)

New Jersey, U.S.A

New Mexico, U.S.A
New South Wales, Australia

New York, U.S.A

New Zealand, Dominion
of (Br.)

Nicaragua
Nigeria (Br.)
Niger Territory (Fr.).

North America
North Carolina, U.S.A....
North Dakola, U.S.A..
Northern Rhodesia (Br.).
Northern Territory, Aus.

tralia

Northwest

150
385

Augusta
Valetta

Mukden
Winnipeg

Fort de France
Annapolis

Boston

[Irak] {Br.

Mexico.
Michigan, U.S.A
Midway Island ( U.S.A.)
Minnesota, U.S.A

{Br.

250

Tananarive
Funchal

1,367,600
146,997

32
231,500
8,665

392,784
22,956
1,800,000
548,889
12,120
5.400,000

620,000

428,132
35,284
77,520
54,000
15,760
110,690

3,120,000
1,194,043
1,296,372
5,000,000
6,841,155
77,407

18,200
27,985
7,650
42,734
70,000
121,339
9,341

188,000
387,876
50,600
263,683
110,000

Bagdad
Mexico
Lansing
St."

Paul'"

St. Pierre

Jackson
Jefferson City

Monaco
Urga
Helena

Plymouth
Fez
Tetuan
LourencoMarques
Lincoln

Khatmandu
Hague
Carson City

Fredericton

Noumea
Johns
Port Moresby
St.

Unknown
443,083

5,500
8,224
122,634

60,000
3,155,900
360,350

310,700
49,204

2,009,763
10,385,227

104,751
49,200
336,000
347,400
9,323,000
52,426
70,837
291,000

1,218,913
638,119
16,500,000
1,083,827
145,000,000
2,559,123
646,872
931,500

523,620

3,870

18,481
124.964

6,684
2,646,306
523,837
1,200,000

Concord
Trenton
Santa Fe

Sydney
AJbany
Wellington

Managua
Lagos

Niamey
Raleigh

Bismarck
Livingstone

Territories,

Canada
Norway

Nova Scotia, Canada. ...

Nyasaland (Br.) .,,...,.

n .Ht^

39,573

Oslo (Christiania)
Halifax

Zomba

...... .

STATISTICAL GAZETTEER OF THE

Country

Area

WORLD

Population

Capital

(Sq. Miles)

Ohio, U.S.A

Oklahoma, U.S.A

Oman
Ontario,

Canada

Columbus
Oklahoma City

41,010
70,057
82,000
407,202

500,000

Mask at

2,933,662

Toronto

50,389
96,699
9,000
32,380

628,360
783,389
761,796
401,428

90,540
97,722

251,000
630,000
3,200
83,109
8,720,017
9,500,000

5,759,394
2,028,283

Orange Free State, U. of

So. Africa

Oregon, U.S.A
Palestine (Br.

Mand.)

Panama
Papua Territory

Paraguay
Pelew Islands (Jap. Mand.)
(Br.)

Pennsylvania, U.S.A
Persia

Peru
Philippine Islands( U.S.A.)

Poland
Porto Rico

Panama

[New

Guinea] {Br.)

Pemba Island

Bloemfontein

Salem
Jerusalem

U.S.A.) ....

Portugal
Portuguese East Africa
(JNIozambique)
Prince Edward Island,

Canada
Quebec, Canada
Queensland, Australia.

Rhode

Island, U.S.A
Rhodesia (Br.)
Rio de Ore (Sp.)
Rio Muni (Sp.)

560
380
45,126
628,000
709,871
114,400
150,207
3,435
35,490

4,569,752
10,350,640
27,778,068
1,299,809
5,957,985

428,132

3,120,000

2,184
706,834
670,500

88,615
2,361,199
757,634
604,397
1,741,500

1,218

440,000
109,200
9,470
Rumania
122,282
Russia
1,488,240
Sakhalin [Karafutu ] (Jap.)
13,253
Salvador
13,183
Samoa ( N.Z.Mand.)
1,250
Samoa. (U.S.A.)
102
San Marino
38
Sarawak (Br.)
42,000
Sarre (L. of iV.)
751
Saskatchewan, Canada.
251,700
Scotland, U.
30,405
Senegal (Fr.)
74,112
Shetland Islands (Br.)..
551
Siam
198,900
Siberia, Russia
4,831,882
Sierra Leone (Br.)
31,000
Sinkiang, Chinese Rep.
550,340
Society Islands (Fr.)
700
Solomon Islands (Australia Mand.)
3,800
Solomon Islands (Br.)
11,000
Somali Coast, French
5,790
Somaliland, British
68,000
Somaliland, Italian
139,430
South America
6,889,000
South Austraha, Australia
330,070
South Carolina, U.S.A.
30,989
South Dakota, U.S.A.
77,615
Southern Rhodesia (Br.)
149,000
South Georgia (Br.)
1,000
Southwest Africa ( U. So.
Africa Mand.)
322,400
Spain
194,783
Spitzbergen (Norway)
25,000
St. Croix Island, Virgin
Is. (U.S. A.)
84
St. Helena Island (Br.) .
47

800
89,130
17,393,149
93,387,923
105,765
1,500,000
37,000
8,056
12,027
600,000
657,870
757,510
4,882,288
1,225,523
25,520
9,121,000
10,377,900
1,400,000
2,000,000
28,000
17,000
150,000
208,000
300,000
650,000
50,000,000
495,336
1,683,724
636,547
810,000
1,000

237,237
20,783,844

300
14,901
3,747

Port Moresby
Asuncion

Harrisburg

Teheran

Lima
Manila

Warsaw
San Juan
Lisbon

Lourenfo Marques
Charlottetown

Quebec
Brisbane
Providence
Villa Cisneros

Santa Isabel
Bukharest

Moscow
San Salvador
San Marino
Kuching
Regina
Edinburgh
St.

Louis

Bangkok
Freetown

Urumchi
Papeete

Djibouti

Berbera

Mogdishu
Adelaide

Columbia
Pierre
Salisbury

Windhoek
Madrid

STATISTICAL GAZETTEER OF THE

Population

Area

Country

WORLD
Capital

(Sq. Miles)

John Island, Virgin Is.

{U.S.A)

St.

32
233
10

St. Lucia (Br.)

St. Pierre Island (Fr.)...

Straits Settlements (Br.)

St. Thomas Island, Virgin

1,600

33
150

(U.S.A.)
Vincent (Br.)
Sumatra ( Dutch)
Swaziland (Br.)
Is.

St.

Sweden
Switzerland
Syria (Fr. Mand.)
Taiwan [Formosa] (Jap.)
Tanganyika Territory (Br.

Mand.)
Tasmania

160,736
6,678
173,035
15,976
60,000
13,944

Tennessee, U.S. A
Texas, U.S. A
Tibet, Chinese Rep

Timor (Porf.)
Timor Archipelago (Dwic/i)
Tobago (Br.)
Togo (Br. & Fr. Mand.).
Tongking, French Indo-

Chma

17,098
114
33,700

46,400

6,119,720

7,.330

Transvaal, Union of So.

Africa
Trinidad (Br.)
TripoU(7<.)

110,450
1,863
406,000
50,000
Tunis (Fr.)
Turkestan (Rus. Sov. Rep.) 420,807
174,900
Turkey
109,119
Uganda (Br.)
174,510
Ukraine (Rus. Sov. Rep.)
473,089
Br.)
Africa
South
Union of
(
United States of America 3,026,791
Upper Volta, French W.
154,400
Africa
72,153
Uruguay
84,990
Utah,U.S.A
398,594
Venezuela
9,564
Vermont, U.S.A
87,884
Victoria, Australia
132
Virgin Islands (U.S.A)
42,627
Virginia, U.S.A
7,466
Wales, U.K
430
Walfisch Bay (Br.)
69,127
Washington, U.S.A
.

Weihaiwei (Br.)
West Africa, French
Western Australia, Aus-

Wisconsin, U.S.A

World
Wyoming, U.S.A
Yap (Zap. Mand.)
Yukon, Canada
Zanzibar, (Br.)

285
1,800,566

975,920
85,699
24,170

tralia

West Indies
West Virginia, U.S.A.
Windward Islands (Br.)
.

10,191
44,447
5,848,872
100,000
5,903,762
3,880,320
3,000,000
3,654,398

4,000,000
213,877
2,337,885
4,663,228
2,000,000
377,815
1,146,657
12,465
1,032,088

365,000
26,215
42,022
265,896
463,000

(Br.)

959
51,505
4,209
821,000

2,085,837
391,279
1,000,000
2,093,939
6,684,400
8,000,000
3,361,000
26,001,802
6,922,813
105,710,620
2,973,951
1,494,953
449,396
2,411,952
352,428
1,531,529
26,051
2,309,187
2,206,712
4,398
1,356,621
147,177
12,283,962

332,213
8,132,795

207.07b

1,463,701
178,000
2,632,067
1,700,000,000
194,402
8,613
4.162

640

113,624

519
56,066
196,872,000
97,914

79

Castries

Singapore

Kingstown

Embabaan
Stockholm
Bern

Taiwan
Dar-es-Salaam

Hobart
Nashville

Austin

Lome

Pretoria

Port of Spain
Tripoli

Tunis

Angora
Entebbe
Kief

Cape Town
Washington

Ouaga-dougou
Montevideo
Salt Lake City
Caracas
Montpelier

Melbourne

Thomas
Richmond

St.

Olympia

Dakar
Perth
Charleston

Madison

Cheyenne

Dawson
Zanzibar

THE WORLD
GALL'S STEREOGRAPHIC PROJECTION

COLONIAL POSSESSIONS
Ur,Ued Statr.s
British

France

Empire

Port Eliiabeth

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de 20

East

40=

from

BO^Greenwieh 80"

lOO"

120

140"

160

180

4
Map

of Africa,

longitude

Pages 58-61;

West

longitude

East i3 from

Asia, 44-43.

12

Greenwich

10"

st^^*;*

15

Map

of E:nglana,

Pages 14-15; Ireland, lS-19;

AA'ales. 14-15.

16

17

Map

of England,

Pages 14-15;

Scotland, 16-17;

Wales, 14-15.
18

19

map

of England.

Pages

14-15;

France, 22-23;

Germany,
20

24-25.

21

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Pages 20-21;

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22

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The

B altic States

''W

ESTHONIA, LATVIA
and

LITHUANIA
..
Capitals of Countries
E1<-vations io English Feet.sooo
Canals.
Railroads.<

'^lap

of Finland,

Page

29;

Germany. 24-25;

Poland, 31
30

Russia, 32.

Map

of Czecho-SIovakia, Page 38;

aussia, 32.

Gerniaiiy, 24-25;

31

Latvia, 30;

Lithuania, 30; Rumania. 41'

'*'vJ

" INNER O"

nV

^"^Ip"'! V^'i'^'f

y?r)'

TX/,,;",iiJ^-<tCl<:jii>"i''"

\6

i^

."oljof

lofAzof,

(J

Ptavropol

RUSSIA, UKRAINE
and the

a:

J^

NEW BALTIC STATES

C.S.HJ

Map
31:

of Asia. Pages 44-45; Esthonia,

Rumania, 41.

KURD: STAN

30;

Finland, 29;

32

Latvia, 30;

Lithuania, 30; Poland,

Map

of Austria,

Pases 34-35;

Czeclio-SIovakia, 38;

33

JuguNluvia, 42;

Rumania,

41.

'

/LIEC^H

ivi

e,

(iu

iL

^rlon

basse''

linta-Ungenfeld

J"

xhmxQ:

Z oW

c.

,^Stt^

^^,

'

.^

~f

^-^

'

>

'

"

"*"

.ireii.

Switzerland, 28.
35

Map

of Afrion,

Xorthcrn

i>vitieerlainl, US.

37

awoaatasnOQQ d'^^wawc;fca6tas;a

^sgs'hl -Hsssgl

c/>

.^iiiio.

wai-Mcib tsa

^l-f^-^T-J-i^V'"
Map

of Afrion, Vortliern Part, Pases 58-50;

39

France,

^2-2',]

24

2r.

26

RVJ.33'^""''^"^^^^' C^echo.Slo.akia.38; HMn^ary.

41

33;

Jugoslavia. 4.=

Poland, 31

Map of Albania. Page 40;

36-37; Rumania, 41.

Austria, 34-.%;

Bulgaria, 43;

42

Greece, 40;

Hungary,

33;

Italy,

Principal Railroads -a
Projected Railroads _-o--

Map

of Africa, Pages 58-61;

Europe, 13-13;

Oceania, 56-57.

Cast Ct

45

Map

of Greece.

Page

40;

Persia, 4S-4!).

46

.J

J?^o \lloanduz
Pea*

/Bum/ 8i4kA

""IT

JP

Sidid

l>*'-..^'^Mdr!

47

,/

Greenwich

Map

ot AfsUanistan,

Pages 48-49;

Baluchistan, 48-49;

SO

China, 54-55.

im^

Map

of China,

Pages 54-55;

Oceania, 56-57.

52

-ntrrDUmen SIra

Greenwich

53

Capital of Courrtry
Capital o/ Province

^yfr^-"^ SOUTH

''\^^ CHINA SEA

H.

Loneitudt

Buuiuml,!

1 1 TI
Oo p Tritj"

120

Eat from

Greenwich

126

130

55

Jf.

Treats Porta.

,9

Railroads

Proposed Railroads^
Submarine Cable_.
Kip of CbIii>,J>pui ud Eoru
bj C.B. Hammond t Co, M.T.

^_.

136

Map

of Asia,

Pages

44-45.

56

57

Has Ufernlf
ABadir-IgfrW:

British

French
Italian

Coloni
Railroads
Canals
Size of type indicates relative importance of places
i

ascensionC

Map

10 West

of Africa, Central and Southern Part,

Pages 60-61; Asia, 44-45; Europe,

58

12-13.

59

p^ LongitiuU

Map

of AfrU-a. >i(Iutii I'art, I'ag

60

3l>

Ltst

I-i''

fvoii

CENTRAL AND
SOUTHERN AFRICA

BarrmioaL

>1?

>.C'%iW

'

(Cf.)

-EQU*TO

-,

/l.\

rr

it^ii%El=^D)
/

PuM i.t/'s'5Cuenta\

ADO
\

KV^N.-Ftyv^S^
I

^
IB

iK\

ri

CNORTHEKN PART)

JS^'^y^^^^^^

'^'^'''^^^'^'^^

SCAi Of MU-ES
SO 100

200

300

(00

SO

Bailroads

Submarine Cables
Size of type indicates relative
aspea^ance of places

Capyritlit

hj aa.Hwimwnl

* C.

LDE!tn<teE

'Bfest of

63

rl
a

Is

Ci

Map

of South America, Northern Part,

Pages

62-63.

64

65

Map

of Asia,

Pases 44-45;

South America, 62-65.

a?

U E

"

.s

Tu';,

..^'(

''-'..

li

,,

""-^it^-Ho

~e;

HutchTrtapn

City(

UNITED STATES
SCALE

501
G

OF MILES
200

Capitals of C^uyitries
Capitals of States and Provinces

"Lubbock

69

Map

of Alaska,

Page

88;

Greenland, 66;

United States, 68-69.

70

71

3Ian of Maine,

Pace

105;

Quebec, T3-75.
72

Xfw

of ^laiiu-,

York.

S;

Oiitari

7K-7>S;

Hriiiis ick,
\ eriiiont,

7'2;
l.'tl.

73

\'>^%fi>iiiifllanl,

New

Hamsiiliirc, 115;

Map

of Maine,

Page

105;

Xew Brunswick,

72;

IVewfoundland, 72;

New

Hamspliire, Hi

.^.

"'^

"^

^^A. '1-^-3--^':

'"*

11?^/':

'^

Southern Part, 7S;

Quebec, 73-75

Map

of Miol.ij.an.

Page

lOS;

Pennsylvania, 124; Uuebec.

New

York. 118;

4.i-t5.
72,

Ohio. 121;

Ontario, Northern Part. 76-

92

80

88

MANITOBA
ScmlB of

Ml lei

Itailroadt

__^_^_

Capitui of Province

-fe

Size of type indicates relative

Importance of places

'

Lonsilude

West

96

from

Green

Map

of Minnesota. PiitSf 109; North Dakota, 120;

7-78; Saslcatchewan, NO.

79

Northwest Territories, 70-71;

Ontario,

litelc

DumWei

"^
\

Map o. AIl.e.ta. Pa.e 81,

Territortes, 70-71.

"^

fhVDebden ptnega;

Ma.Uo.a.

,.;

}o

<

J'^

fC

.Xo.tana. 11.;

80

Xort. DaUota. 1.0;

Xort.wes.

ve

Durlingvllle
I

- Optiv KelJ
SOarmangiij

11'"

116

lir

L..g fc.iuJ.

in

"" r

Map
Saskatchewan,

of British tolu.nl.ia.

Pa^e

82;

80.

81

"

Montana,

.1.;

110

North.ve.t Territories. 70-7..

of Alaska. Pae 88;

70-71; Washington, 1S3.

Map

Alberta. 81;

Idaho. 98;

82

Montana. 112;

Northwest Territories.

"

l!

Mil!

^^ t\^lM^#%

Map

of Mexico,

Page

83;

South America, 62-65.

84

^.

T^f

/,

y^^i'?'

""

\ \v^ri^

\Vi^t^C^

^^^^^

w'im

^
Map

of Central

Page

84;

f-

S.-^'

i'Fl'

South America, Xorthern Part, 62-63;

85

United States, 68-69.

3Ijii

of

\\

est Indies, I'jige 85.

Map

of Asia,

Pages 44-45;

BritLsh Columbia, 82;

Yukon, 7U

CL,

l^FultOQ

\ HrLw/ i^'r
\
\

AV"'"""'

fo Hacklebl!TE*^

''fe^^'

"'."i

"

-k"^P-

Houston

>'"/ //p^fTs'' Btent>njp

Lce.i,\

ATbertvilleH Collintville/

/^-'''^.C'^'n

/o"^/

/^^^GS'"''^^/

//<,|<,,i,o>/' Kelljto'nM

?
<St%W-^\.^
iyive'^""o Sttwa/iv' H,vai,aCenterviIle^~-v
\
Euu,^ cf/^'"
"vV, 7>v W<"<iol,4S?''fl.\

'A

"".^ C^j^lSl^

__,^

Buffalo/ '^Hv^t'' ^i^ "' >

Alexander Cy>>v/j^ckjSSs Gap
PJ
fe,=*JC\/
oRockford
T'-X^ LafayettcJr>
'/

/^

l_^,r-5>j^ ,^*^ '^C>^^^^^^^

SS^
A
B

Map

of Florida,

Page

96;

G UL

Longitude

Georgia, 07;

0\f
87"

MEXIC O
West

^,

from

Mississippi, 110;

90

^>

80

,...

Greenwich

Tennessee, 128.

.Marvjt

Map

of raiifornia.

Itah,

130.

Page

S'.i

/4
.Epps

92

^>xa!

-- i4;
^^J:'"'""'*'

Mississippi. 110;

Grfepwlcb

-LJ

MissouH.lll, Oklahoma. 122; Tennessee.

92

128;

124

v:a

PART OF
SOUTH EASTEHN
CAI.IFORNIA

"

w/omfng."?^";'

^"^"

'-'

^e.,ra.ka. 113;

Nev. Mexico. 117;

94

Oklahoma.

122;

Utah. 130

TI5

a N V T^_s_U

3 a o

;S

Map

of Massachusetts,

Page

95

107;

New

York, 118;

Rhode

Island, 125.

3Iap o Alabama,

Page

00;

Georgia, 9T.

96

oL'^JrS'

' '

Florida. 96;

North Carolina. 119;

97

South Carolina. 126;

Map

of British Columbia, Page 82;

133; Wyoming, 136.

Washington,

Montana, 112;
98

Nevada, 114;

Orei^on, 123;

Utah, 130;

'

Michigan
ot^4

30

86-

80 30

y MV

iafce J/ich/oan

yil^.

85^0

./d..,

T~~T~

\.

J^rzi::-! T-W^^5s^'f^^>^QLi^^Hy^A^rfr^^^

3?V^

^ul

Xi^^KWarm/^

;J&Vl^wi^

ersC^^^X^-^GreeTT-^^-^-'J

button' 'rl^'bOTTlU. J^jQum'^jJ'//

Hi

\L^'--

^-^t?^lTt^.45Ti^^\_,<^^^

Frinkliyj.

f T/FedaB

l*r"//

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*>0%lTroi) MUroy

\BloV'"3'?0>^ColumtjuijK^\Ve3tportJf;fP'"'o

Jl'""'?!!

J,

OnbU)

"VMeUJjora

I
j

4la'
Moores

'Orleans \j_oCanipbellburg

"j

ChamUrbu.elJ?''yP'"^"

<JTO^^-';?^^9^5^^^3nJ$.Ai,odA/vV\o

l/ELrield" '"Ir^.V^i

Mei^jl'-/^ll
SIM^'WV^P"''
CS/-? EL. ^>^a>
it.

I /-

INDIANA

-^S^

N
87

Map

of Illinois,

Page

99;

Ungiiud. 803O'

Kentucky, 103;

Michigan, 108;
100

Ohio, 121.

8-.e of Mile.

Map

of Illinois,

Pase

99;

Minne>ota,

>j

Missouri, 111; Nebraska,

Wisconsin, ISj.
101

13;

South Dakota, 127;

Map

of Colorado, Pag;e 94;

Missouri, 111;

IVeliraska, 113;

102

Oklahoma,

122

Map

of Illinois,

Tennessoe, L2;

PaKe

y; Indiana. lOO Missouri. Ill; Ohio,

Virginia, 132; West Virginia. 134.

103

Map

of Arkansas,

Page

92;

Mississippi. 110;

Texas, 129.
104

lp^4f 4

.r^'fer,;- '^

'a%,i

A^^v

CfoViii s^/-

l;-

^-r

I,

J. B.

(VM

Charlvroiz

^reinbl^

? O
Sin
milo.oo

I^V

<i4(<

yv

v''"-- l-^usabij

XoA "^^^l/ AiE,

''

Ct.

lebo/gan

iMlIwankee

T't.

t^

Ci'*' ci//

CI

\ "L^i^^^Tf

Jib'"

'

>v

v'

}\

.2

*^

Gt

Horid>

Benton Hwbojj,

SI.J05epl,i|^yVrc.

E%^^/j7
jgyj'u^^

coLVn;"r35:

''"*^" S;

Indiana. lOO;

W^

88

Ohio.i^i;
108

from

Or^^cich 84

OntaHoTrG-TS;

Uueee. 73-75;

NOKTHKASTEKM PART
OF MINNESOTA

Mapof Iowa, Page

101;

Manitoba, 79; North Dakota, 120; Ontario, 76-78; Soutli Dakota, 127;

Wisconsin, 135.
109

"

^^=
CoWwater, Potts ci

U^e..

Uethany

Orwood

/TajJOTT^ccopola,
Tulao Pontotdoli
Kando^ph
1

Water

'

%
W-Uoij^ ^ ^^Vf^.J

XJ

-.

Uor.ey
o

Tupclo>I
Verona A

Valley

''Sarepta

yoJ o

Pittpboro/
Houato:

'

*i

luld'oa

-^adarettCQ
.ISidnej

Pli"if '("?'

o':''|V*'"''

CalyloDMo ,

VDuckhill

stPoinf^

^
S

Kmbus/

^
'^(keVuian'^*'*'^ *\cr.wfo;
BrookvilUQ
\3
\\
'i

cCooI\

ebater

rX-e^

^Joplin

iashulavJfe^M acon
^liellepri

>}t<os ciu sko

C<.op>fy,j[i

PofetS,hl

.^rd

Jf
7^
1^

ngralhi'll

o 5'""''? Plattjburg
pake Marydello Alice i/C;

iladelpti

Carthage)

;-Jaldo\ ^

Dekalb^

,hCa """o"" o f '"'')*"

iio

^-J^Cantont

SJ\"/^n>V

"'Jl""'- BeechfSprJ.,Da\^"all^

^ p'^e4iUe-

oVFiora

ftV*'--

S"""".. l.?.1!?f ??"=sr~ PrtTBpeJt

-

^ooahoDtaaV

^-rfM^atfis,

e\

^ -Brait(

Hop&^ll

/^Bo]k4--yi^TpacUA^'r^1'^Raleigh o

jS/PauldinEc

em-ii
f Bajem-ingJ
Wci,t:

lliamrturfe^eVliiville;

*^||

Watchez

M.l

^:Jse<^

Bc*XoSi.CA^t^i^^X

l^W/.i.riP^selle'A

BucatunnaXl

UllcinsoDy

/Olico;

oHurst KeitbBi Bridge ^KjalBO ^p,ili

Scale of Miles

To

20

3o

40

Fo

Jijoxi

":

Lake "^i,
Pontcharti
91

Longitude

G U

LF OF MEXICO

111

Map of Alberfa, Page 81; British Columbia, 82; Idaho. 98;

Satikatche^van, 80; South Dakota, 127; Wyoming, 136.
112

Xorth Dakota, 120;

Map of C oloradr Page

Wyoming 136.

94;

lo^va, 101;

KanH.-t-s. 102;

113

Missouri, 111;

South Dakota, 127;

NEW HAMPSHIRE

=^!'->:S=:i^^l>'r'|>,li?;,,

SalU^ry 1)^, Joe Canterbufe Farming^

Contoocook>71^^T.kin^r3'*

"filer

/-'otoo

VV

p
r.

''' E '''ir
i

;i'"^-^ONCOI
fBeerfield^^Center'^j^^

3-

Ungitude

Map

o Maine,

72"

Wejt

Page

105;

from

Ma-ssaohnsettis, 107;

115

Uueltec, 7^-75;

A'ermont, 131.

NEW JERSEY

"JS^
^y

^'l

Z>l

ayf'^W

i^ng r >^>^MorristowpSBaoote?%'oo,reiivsj J'

\An\^

(|^ker..,\
fyTuyfnville

,.J-

...^

NeBhaiS;

iiandy Hook

Quakertoi

'Rocky,/'

itic

'Snnt.,

Seabright

Long BraDch

oylestowB

alrton,

^iW / BisleA

Smith's Uo.il

.^EngVefc

t^

^f

e7^a

ware

\^

Cape

^^^

May

[
EliiabethL

Wooab,i>v/'-V.a,.\

c^honi
Court

|U)uacj[/

RiLgi|feg

Cold^p

Map

of Delaware,

Page

106;

Atlantic City

.^^^<t

Green Cred

^\h. y

IlighlanJf

ilighlands

Kingstorf

New

My

York, 118;

Longit.

Pennsylvania.
116

i:J4.

^
'^

I'M

^^^^^:m''Su^J:k^rV^;:Zl!^^'
118

^e.

aere^. 1X;

Ontario. r.78;

Kor;. ^'*^'^-' ^-^-

7'

Minnesota. 109;
120

Montana. IT.;

Sa^kat.l,iiewan, SO;

South

..1^.
*<,

D MaTblchead

^V

Pltrp D'

^'V.-

^^"'"^"'"i.'/SBriKii

tfordp^i^"^-

"A'

.*4A

i^ew

\ ltiJona\

sgLrncbburs

Arlhuri^

lilford

.-raBb'lnst^

^^^.^

ioNN^alafia ,t1* yjaflorstllle

llploj

V^linfa/134!'"'*'

**''^''

^^'

-^^..^^^
..^'"'irtr,
'U>ti a

oTeo
'^''""'!T>iX~l

Portamooth.

Kentucky, 103;
121

Michigan. lOS;

Pennsylvania,

1:24;

West

Map of Arkansas, '"fee

Pace 92*-.
Texas, 129.

rntn^^^r.
Colorado, .
94;

-^

Kansas,
122

103-;

M issoiiri.

111;

Mew

.Mexico, 117;

Map

of Dcliuvare. PaRe 10;

Virginia, 134.

West

Maryland, 10:

New
124

Jersey, 116;

New

York, 118;

Ohio,

itil;

Slap of Georgia,

Page

97; Xortli Carolina, 119,

126

Nap

of Iowa, Pajfe 101

W.U^nTTaef^'*''"^'^'

Minnesota. 109;

Montana. 11.;
127

Nebraska. 113;

North Dakota. 120

of Alabama, Page 90; Arkansas, 93; Georgia, 97;

Missouri, 111; Aorth Carolina, 119; Virginia, 132.

Map

128

Kentucky, 103;

Mississippi, 110;

.4,Fa\u

'^ "^SV
t-StocktOD

Eldorado

\\

f{-,

' U.
Sheffii.li<^i

Ozooa
O

MeDardvUl,^^^J^ai,

O'^^^'

^./<'

^^^^^^^iy

^'%'i-r'Ounol/
'-fVJr
X^

Tbur8lon4*C!

"^V

"/*ks?*" J^l

,,.
^ V -/Barnol"'"'^"VV
"
>~)i,Li<,..Cifme>o;
j3a^
J'/^t'-^S"-"^N. ),
j_

Tel.gr.ph o FrederlckeWgc^,

Jrl^_Ro ck6prlDe5

Mason o
X^-v-""

c
Sonor.

J)

V
'S^-v^^6>
O^

lc>^JlS""|!-"'.'A''"

o^""'"'\

-w!-;m^ r'
MounulD^'Ho.nJ-t-^ AUSTIlO'MiCJ'c^
'o

KerrvHleQ_^

Y].^'*'^'*^

Bada/^*o>**f^P>

Map

of Arizona,

Page

91

Colorado,

Idaho, 98;

130

]Vevada, 114;

Wyoming,

136.

73

Map

of MasHachuHetts,

LongltuJe

Page

107;

New HampNhire,
131

115;

New

York, 118;

Quebec, 73-75.

^Mjt
Map

of Kentucky,
Vir^^mia, 134.

Page

103;

Maryland, 106;

Xorth Carolina, 119;

132

Tennessee, 128:

West

-c-^A^
"^

APOSTIE

J,

M'- ^""^^o,cjcj'>;;

^Draper

te

s<te^

r^

\ V^M^u .p.J%j^

/icoolidgj^n

'eiLo^'a'^I^

-f!=S:^*^>V

/-^

Ul

yi^^S::>~y-^tV^ rJ^^.^i/"

Dou;ia6>Wiji,"4 o\Ve8t6eld,Y., "'t->-'fcrS/P'<:l"

K^;;rt7irJ

^BiyC>

mS'v'^. ?

_\B"idon;*rond
au^W-^^,
ond iuH'T-i^^iL

^
J:

i;

Racine
Kenosha

Jud.^^

\visco:n^sik

C. S.

Hammond 4 Co.

'

ei

N. Y.
=

Map

'.4

JS^^^p^)

UD(!lliule

DC-

of Illinois.

Page

9l>;

135

Iowa, 101;

Michigan, lOK;

Minnt^^ota,

l(

136

INDEX OF PRINCIPAL

CITIES

OF WORLD

(Exclusive of United States of America)

WITH POPULATION FIGURES FROM LATEST CENSUS REPORTS

AS EXPLAINED ON PAGE 3
The name of the place is followed by the name of the country or state, the population, the index references and the
number. The index references indicate the location of the place on the accompanying maps; these references
show the point on the map at which lines will converge if drawn to connect the respective marginal letters upon top and
bottom and the numerals on either side of map. Places known under ditieient names or by various spellings of the same
name in different forms have, to some extent, been inserted in parenthesis. Capitals of countries and states are designated by asterisks*. Populations of cities including suburbs are designated by daggers!. Index of cities and towns
of United States of America will be found on pages 142 to 159, inclusive.
plate

Aachen (Aix-la-Chapelle),
many, 145,933
Aarhuus. Denmark, 74,256

C4

Ger-

B 3
F 8
F 2
E4

Aberdeen, Scotland, 158,969

Adana, Turkey, 60,000

Aus.,
*So.
39,562;
Adelaide,
t25S,218
C3
Agra, India, 185,946
Agram (Zagreb), Jugo-Slavia,
79,038
B 4
Ahmadabad, India,274,202
Ahmednuggar, India, 216,800.. .B 5
F 4
Aintab, Turkey, 74,000
Ajmir (Ajmere), India, 114,196. .B 3
F 4
Aleppo, Syria, 250,000
Alessandria, Italy, 78,159
L 2
Alexandria, Egypt, 444,617
F 1
Algiers, 'AlReria, 206,595
D3
Allahabad, India, 155,970
Altona, Germany, 170,371
2
Amiens, France, 92,780
H6
Amoy, China, 400,000
Amr.tsar, India, 160,409
Amsterdam, Netherlands, 642,F3
162
D3
Ancona, Italy, 68,430
Anderlecht, Belgium, 64,137
C
3
France,
86,158
Angers,
5
Antwerp. Belgium, 333,882
Arnhem, Netherlands, 70,714.. .G 4
Astrakhan, Russia, 149,000
J 6
Asuncion, 'Paraguay, 99,836. ... F 3
E6
Athens, 'Greece, 300,701

E7
D2

B2

C2
D

B2

D6
D

Auckland, 'NewZealand,157,757.H7
AuKsburg, Germany, 155,693 .... D 4

Bagdad, Mesopotamia, 250,000. .K 6

K6
Bahia, Brazil, 348,130
Bahia Blanca, Argentina, 37,735 E 5
Baku, Azerbaijan, 237,000
J 7
India,
(Bangalur),
Bangalore
238,111
Bangkok(Bankok),*Siam,630,000 G 4
B 4
86,000
Banyuwangi, Java,
H2
Barcelona, Spain, 710,335

C6

Bareli (Bareillv), India, 131,208..

Bari (Bari del Puglie), Italy, ....

D3
F4

103,670

Barmen. Germany, 158,644

G2
Barnaul, Siberia, 61,330
B4
Baroda, India, 94,742
Barrow (Barrow-in-Furness), England, 74,254
Basel (Bale, Basle), Switzerland,
Dl
135,976
A4
Batavia, 'Java, 234,697
Beirut (Beirout, Beyrout), Syria,
E6
180,000

C2

Belfast,

Northern

393,000
Belgrade

Ireland,

E2
Bi6grad),
H3
D3

(Beograd,
Jugo-Slavia, 89,876
Benares, India, 199,493
Berdltchef, Ukraine, 62,100
Bergen, Norway, 91,081
Berlin,

'Germany,

t3,800,000
(Berne),

Bern

E
E

6
6

1,904,650.

Switzerland,

103,700
Bhagatpur, India, 68,833

D3
3

Bhopal, India, 55,054

Bialystok (Bielostok, Byelostok),
Poland, 76,971
J 4
Bielefeld, Germany, 79,280
C2
Bilbao, Spain, 112,819
E 1
Bin-Dinh (Binh-Dinh), Fr. IndoH4
China, 74,440
.C
3
Birkenhead, England, 145,592.
Birmingham, England, 919,438... E 4
Blackburn, England, 126,630. .. .D 3
Blagoveschensk, Siberia, 62,500. .J 2
B 3
Bochum, Germany. 143,217
C3
Bogota, 'Colombia, 160,000
F 1
Bokhara, Bokhara, 75,000
C2
Bologna, Italy, 189,770
D3
Bolton, England, 1 78,678
.

Bombay, India, 1,172,953

Bonn, Germany, 91,456

.B 3
Bordeaux, France, 267,409
4
Bournemouth, England, 91,770. .E 6
E 3
Bradford, England, 285,979
Braila, Rumania, 65,911
J 4
D4
Brantfotd, Ontario, 29,440
Bratislava (Pressburg), CzechoF4
slovakia, 73,459
C2
Bremen, Germany, 288,812

C2
G3

Brescia, Italy, 89,622

Breslau, Germany, 531,662
Brest, France, 73,960

A
K

Brest I.itovsk, Poland, 52,000.

Brighton, England, 142,427
Brisbane, Queensland, 42,636,
t209,699
Bristol, England, 377,061
Brunn (Brno), Czecho Slovakia,
E
221,422
Brunswick (Braunschweig), Germany, 104,143
Brusa (Broussa),Turkey,l 10,000 B
.E
Brussels, 'Belgium, t684,870.
.

2
5

G6
F6
D5
3

D2
2

6
Budapest(Buda-Pest,Budapesth),
..D2
Hungary, 1.184,616
'Argentina,
Aires,
Buenos
.

1,692.327
Bukharest (Bucharest, Bucuresti)
Rumania, 308,987
Burnley, England, 103,175

E4
HS
D3

C4
Cadiz, Spain, 76,818
B 5
Cagliari, Italv, 61,175
Cairo, Egypt, 790,939
D1
Calais, France, 73,001
Calcutta, India, 11,263,292
E 7
Calgary, Alberta, 63,305
Calicut, India, 81,995
H2
Campinas, Brazil, 68,000
G6
Canton, China, 1,367,680
Cape Town, 'Cape of Good Hope,
206,558
D1
Caracas, 'Venezuela, 92,212
DS
Cardiff, Wales, 200,262
F 4
Cartagena, Spain. 96,891
Cassel (Kassel), Ger.. 162,695.... C 3
E 6
Catania, Italy, 217,389
D3
Cawnpur, India. 213,044
H6
Changchau. China, 303,247
G5
Changsha, China, 271,903
G6
Chaochau, China, 876,450
CharlottenSurg, Ger., 327,433. .E 2
CheUabinsk, Russia, 45,000

M3
E4

C6

C7

M5

139

Chemnitz, Germany, 307,074

E
Chengtu (Chingtu), China, 422,-

24

E4
516
Chcrson(Kherson), Ukr., 65,0()0..F 6
Chinkiang (Chingkiang), China,

54
32

477.591
Chita, Siberia, 79,200
H
Christiania (Oslo), 'Norway,
258,341
.F
Chungking, China, 1,011,597.
Cienfuegos, Cuba, 37,241
C
Clermont-Ferrand, Fr., 82,577. .E
Coblenz (Koblenz),Ger.,56,108...B
Cologne (Koln), Ger., 642,899. .B
Colombo, 'Cevlon, 211,274
Concepci6n, Chile, 64,074
C
Constantine, Algeria, 78,220
Constantinople (Stamboul), Tuikey, 1,000,000
Copenhagen, 'Denmark, 581,344
Cordoba, Argentina, 135,000

55
45

H4
2

G7

2
3

24
51
64

58

C7
G

B2
G9
D4

Cordova (Cordoba),Spain,73,710.D4
Cork, Irish Free State, 76,673
Coventry, England, 128,205

27
54
86
23
24

E4

Crefeld (Krefeld), Ger., 125,351. .B 3

Cronstadt (Kronstadt), Russia,
60,000
Croydon, England, 190,877
F S
Czernowitz (Cernauti, Czernovitz), Rumania, 87.128

46
27
64
39
19
15
24

F3

32
IS

HI

41

50

(Port.), India, 57,000.... B 4

Damascus, Syria, 250,000
F 6
Danzig, 'Free City of Danzig (L.

46

Dacca, India, 117,304

Daman

ofN.),330,252
Darbhangah, India, 62,628
Darmstadt, Germany, 83,1 19.
Debreczen, Hungary, 103,288.

HI
E
.

Delhi, 'India, 303,149

Derby, England, 129,836

Devenport, England, 81,678
Dijon, France, 78,578
Domfront, France, 108,500

Dortmund, Germany, 296,872

Dresden, Germany, 539,854

.C 4

B
F

3
3

Dublin, 'Irish Free State, 309,272 E 3

B 3
Duisburg, Germany, 243,686
Latvia,
(Dvinsk),
Diinaburg
E4
90,000
F 3
Dundee, Scotland, 168,217
Dunedin. New Zealand, 72,255.. .H 8
Durazzo (Drac),'Albania,73,400 A 2
F 6
Durban, Natal, 140,324
B 3
Diisseldorf. Germany, 409,614
.

Edinburgh. 'Scotland, 420,281

.E 4

51

25
50
24
33
50
14
15
23
22
24
25
19
24

30
17
57
40
60
24

17

F 4

81

(Yekaterinburg),
Ekaterinburg
L 4
Russia, 51,000
(Yekaterinodar),
Ekaterinodar

32

Edmonton, 'Alberta, 58,821

H7
G6

Russia, 71,000
(Yekaterinoslav),
Ekaterinoslaf
Ukraine, 157,000
B
Elberfeld, Germany, 157,342
(Yelisavetgrad),
Elizavetgrad
F
Ukraine, 61,488
Elizavetpol (Yelisavetpol), Azerbaiian, 63,400
J
Erfurt, Germany J130,136

32

32
24

32

32
24

D3

INDEX OF PRINCIPAL CITIES OF THE WORLD

140
Erzerum, Armenia, 80,000

H3

Essen, Germany, 443,3 12

47
24

Fachan (Fatshan), China,4S0,000 G 6

Faizabad (Fyzabad), India, 75,D3
035
D3
Farukhabad, India, 59,647
Ferrara, Italy, 102,550
Fez, Morocco, 62,693

54

50
50
36
58
24
36
37
24
25
27

CI

Fredericksberg,Denmark,104,815 G 9
*New Brunswick,
Fredericton,
B3
8,114

Germany, 88,136.

Fuchau

72
24

.C 4
China,

(Foochow),

H5
D4

55
24

Galatz, Rumania, 73,512

J 4
.E 2
Gateshead, England, 124,514.
Gaya, India, 67,759
Geneva, Switzerland, *L. of N.
171,000
B 2
Genoa, Italy, 300,139
(Penang),
Straits
Georgetown
Settlements, 90,000
E6
Germiston, Transvaal, 42,218
Ghent (Gand), Belgium, 165,910. C 5
D1
Gij6n, Spain, 57,573
4
Glasgow, Scotland, 1 ,034,069 ....
F 5
Gomel, Russia, 47,000
Gorlitz, Germany, 80,613
F 3
Gottenborg (Goteborg), Sweden,
8
202,366
E 4
Granada, Spain, 103,368
Gratz (Graz), Austria, 157,644.. .G 5
Great Grimsby (Grimsby), Eng.,
F 3
82.329
Greenock, Scotland, 81.120
Greenwich, England, 95.968
G5
Grenoble, France, 77,409
Grodno, Poland, 64,100
Groningen, Netherlands, 89,895. J 1

41
14

1,491,143
Furth, Germany, 67,923

E4
B4

50
28
36

A3

56
60
21
39
17
32
25

27
39
35

(Nagy

20

Vdrad),

D2
119,468.. .. D 4
A
C

4
3

50

E
Haarlem, Netherlands. 76.853
B
Hagen, Germany, 93.310
('s Gravenhage), 'Nether-

20
24

Guadalajara, Mexico,
Guayaquil, Ecuador, 93.851
Gwalior (Lashkar), India, 80,750
.

Hague

D3

lands, 353.286

Hakodate, Japan, 144.740

Halifax, England, 99,129
Hahfax, 'Nova Scotia, 58,372

Germany, 183.768
Hamburg, Germany, 996,645....

Halle,

E
E
E

3
3

4
3

D2

D4
Hamilton, Ontario, 114,151
Hangchau (Hangchow), China
729,948

Hankau

(Hankow),

China,

H4
H4

289,804
D3
Hanley, England, 66.255
Hanoi (Kesho), 'French IndoH3
China, 109.500
(Hannover)
,Germany,
Hanover,
C2
313.837
G4
Hanyang, China, 456.3 12
Harbin, Manchuria, 365.000
J 1
C2
Harburg, Germany, 65.940
G6
Hastings, England, 66.496
B 2
Havana, 'Cuba, 363.506
Havre (Le Havre), Fr., 163.374. .C 2
Heidelberg, Germany, 59,824 .... C 4
Helsingfors, 'Finland, 188,922. .E 5
.

H6dmez6

VAsdrhely,

Hungary,

60,854

Homs, Syria, 60,000

Hong Kong (Br.), China,

16,520,

(Bombay),

India,

75,952

Hyderabad (Hyderabad),

G6

t625,166
1- 1
Honolulu, 'Hawaii, 81.900
Howrah, India, 157,594 ....V.V.'.Ei

India,

CS

404,225

Ibadan, Nigeria, 175,000

F 7

Indore, India, 92,993

Ipswich, England, 79,383
Irkutsk, Siberia, 129,700
Ispahan, Persia, 80,000
Ixelles, Belgium, 72,991

C4
H4
H2
C2
D6

India,
(Jubbulpore),
100,651
C
Jaipur, India, 120,196
Jassv, Rumania, 76,120
J
Jehol (Chengte), China, 260,000.
Jerez de laFrontera,Spain,67,076.C
E
Jerusalem, 'Palestine, 64,000.
B
Jodhpur, India, 73,480
Johannesburg, Transva.il,284,191 E
A
Jokjokarta, Java, 79,567
Joppa (Yafa), Palestine, 50,000. .E

Jabalpur

D4

2
2
3

7
3

6
4
6

Germany, 70,365
F 3
Lienkiang, China, 222.008
I
5
Lille (Lisle), France, 200,952
El
Lima, 'Peru, 176,467
Limoges, France, 90,187
4
Linden, Germany, 83,045
Linz, Austria, 94,072
F 3
Lisbon, 'Portugal, 489,667
B 3
Liverpool, England, 803,118
D3
Lodz, Poland, 451,813
London,
'England,
4,483,249,
17,476,168
London, Ontario, 60,959
C5
F 4
Lorca, Spain, 74,696
Lubeck, Germay, 1 1 2, 1 70
2
H6
Lublin, Poland, 99,917
Lucca, Italy, 79,110
C3
Lucknow, India, 243,553
D3
Ludw.gshafen, Germany, 92,002
4
Lugansk, Ukraine, 21,000
F 4
Lyon, France, 561,592

2S
55
23
62
22
24
35
39
14

Macao, (Port.), China, 78,627.. .G 6

D6
Madras, India, 522,951

54

Liegnitz,

B6
D
C2

E6
F5

31

IS
78
39
24

31

36
50
24
32
23

D
G6

51

39

Madura, India, 138,894

C7
Madgeburg, Germany, 285,711.. .D 2
Mainz (Mayence), Ger., 108,513 D 4
D4
Malaga, Spain, 150,584
H9
Malmo, Sweden, 113,558
Manaos, Brazil, 80,931
F 4

51

Madrid, 'Spain, 751.352

Kabul

'Afghanistan,
(Cabul),
F 2
150,000
J 8
H4
Kaifong, China, 972,391
H2
Kalgan, China, 62,979
Kanazawa, Japan, 129,320
Karachi
(Currachee),
India,
215,781
Karlsruhe, Germany, 137,577.
.C 4
Kasan (Kazan), Russia, 195,300.. J 4
F 2
Kashgar, Sinkiang, 60,000
Kerbela, Mesopotamia, 65,000.
J 6
D2
Kerman, Persia, 70,000
G6
Kertch, Russia, 55,883
6
Kharkof, Ukraine, 206,000

Kagoshima, Japan, 102,396

MS
A4

Khatmandu (Katmandu), Nepal

31

41
83
62

Rumania, 64.169

Hull (Kingston-upon-Hull), Eng.,

F 3
287,013

14
17
15
23

D4
G4
Ki

Grusswardein

H5

Hukau, China, 618,888

Hyderabad

Flensburg, Germany, 60,926

C3
Florence, Italy, 232.860
E4
Foggia, Italy, 79,213
Frankfort-on-Main,Ger.,425,221..C 3
Frankfort-on-Oder,Ger.,66,133. .F 2

Freiburg,

Huddersfield, England, 110,120. .E 3

Kiaochau (Jap.), China 621,135.. I 3

ES
Kief 'Ukraine 323,000
Kiel,

CI

Germany, 206,361

L 6

Kyoto, Japan, 591,305

L 2
Kishenef, Rumania, 114,100
.H 4
Kiungchau, China, 586,870..
Klausenburg (Kolozsvar, Cluj),
E 3
Rumania, 60,808
L 6
Kobe, Japan, 608,628
G 1
Kokand, Turkestan, 118,854
B 5
Kolhapur, India, 48,122
Konigsberg, Germany, 264,502.. .J 1
Kostroma, Russia, 43,000
C4
Kovno, 'Lithuania, 80,000
Poland,
Krakow,
(Cracow),
F 7
176,463
.G 2
Krasnoyarsk. Siberia. 87,500.
Kremenchug, Ukraine. 63,000. .F 6
S
Kursk, Ukraine, 75,000
7
Kutais, Georgia, 53,900
L 6
Kyoto, Japan, 591,305
.

20
53

H4

14
72

24
24
78

G
H

55
55
14

F 7
Lagos, 'Nigeria, 33400
B 2
Lahore, India 279.558
E 3
24 Lancha China, 368.608
via, 107,252
54 La Paz,
135,000.... F 4
55 La Plat Argentina,

24 Lausanne, Switzerland, 68,533. .C 3

E 3
15 Leeds, England, 458,320
C3
86 Leghorn, Italy, 105,335
F4
22 Leicester, England, 234,190
3
24 Leiden, Netherlands, 65,635
E 3
29 Leipzig, Germany, 608,273
Leith, Scotland, 81.654
D
3
FrP.nce,
71,783
33 Le Mans,
K8
47 Ler^berK, Poland, 206,113
F 3
Leningrad, Russia. 705,000
..E4
54 Leon, Mexico. 57,722
Libau (Libava), Latvia, 51,583... B 3
F 6
50 L.6ge. Belsium, 165,117

45

D7

D
E4

Mandalay, Burma, 147,429

.E

B 2
285,306
Mannheim, Germany, 231,425...
Marakesh (Morocco), Morocco,
D2
87,800
F 4
Marash, Turkey, 65,000
D6
Marsala, Italy, 37,015
F 5
Marseille, France, 586,341
E 3
Mecca, 'Heiaz, 80,000
E 5
Mechlin, Belgium, 60,1 18
B 2
Medellin, Colombia, 79,146
122,567
C3
Merrut, India,
Manila, 'Phil.

Is.,

D4

Melbourne,

D3

80,000

Manchester, England, 730,551.

'Victoria,

103,269,

t784,000
Mferida, Mexico, 62,447
Merthyr Tydfil, Wales, 80,161.
Meshed, Persia, 70,000

E7

D4
H4

Mendoza, Argentina, 65,000

.

.C S

D1

E 5
Messina, Italy, 150,000
G2
Metz, France, 62,3 11
F 4
Mexico, 'Mexico, 1,080,000
Middlesbrough, England, 131,103F 2
B2
Milan, Italy, 663,059
E S
Minsk, Russia, 104,000
C2
Modena, Italy, 70,416
Molenbeek (Molenbeek-St. Jean),
Belgium, 66.813
Monastir (Bitolia), Jugo-Slavia,
59.856
J 6
F 3
Monterey. Mexico, 75,528
Montevideo, 'Uruguay, 361,950.. F 5
E 5
Montpellier, France, 81,548
E 5
Montreal, Quebec, 618,506

D6

Moscow

(Moskva),

'Russia,

1,050,011

G4

J 4
Mosul, Mesopotamia, 60,000
Mukden, Manchuria, 250,000.... I 2
G3
Mulhouse, France, 99,226
Germany,
Mulheim-on-Ruhr,

127,642

B 2
Munich (Munchen),Ger..645,654. D 4
B 3
Munster, Germany, 100,729

Multan, India. 86,251

F4

Murcia, Spain, 141,175

Mysore, India, 83,932

Nagasaki, Japan, 176,554

Nagoya, Japan, 429,990

H7
M6

C4
Nagpur, India, 149,522
H5
Nanchang, China, 899,539
G2
Nancv, France, 113,226
China,
(Nankin),
Nanking
902,441

Nanning, China, 300,000

H4
F 6

24
24
39
27
63
14
45
56
24
58

INDEX OF PRINCIPAL CITIES OP THE WORLD

Nintes, France, 183,704
C3
Naples, Italy, 697,917
E 4
New Arad, 63,166
C3
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England,
274,955

New

Guatemala,

'Guatemala,

125,000

DS
G5
N5
F6

Newport, England, 92,369

Nice, France, 155,839

Niigata, Japan, 92,130
Nikolaief, Ukraine, 99,000
Nimes, France, 82,774
F
Ningpo, China, 2,172,320
1
Nizhni-Novgorod, Russia, 99,800.J
Northampton, England, 90,923 F
Norwich, England, 120,653
Nottingham, England, 262,658.. .E
Novorossisk, Russia, 16.897
.

S
5

4
4

H4

Niirnberg
(Nuremberg),
many, 355,223

Ger-

Oberhausen, Germany, 99,082.

Odessa, Ukraine, 500,000
Offenbach, Germany, 76,809
Oldham, England, 145,001

Omsk.

F 6

Siberia, 135.800

Oporto, Portugal, 203,981

Oran, Algeria, 141,156

E
F
B

2
2

El
G5

Orel, Russia. 82,000

Orenburg, Russia, 74,000
Orleans. France, 76.645
Osaka. Japan. 1,252,972
Oslo, 'Norway 258,341

D3
G7
L 6

Osnabruck, Germany, 85,705

C2
Ottawa.
Ontario,
'Canada,
107,843
J 2
Oxford, England, 57,052
E5

Paisley. Scotland, 84,837

C2
D4

Palembang, Sumatra, 61,000

Padang, Sumatra. 47,607

Padua, Italy, 105,135

Palermo, Italy, 345,891

Palma, Spain, 77,418
Panama, 'Panama, 61,369
Faoting, China, 406,886
Para (Belem), Brazil, 250,000..
Paris, 'France, 2,906.472
Patna, India, 120.109
Pavia. Italy. 40.729
Peking. 'China. 1,300,000
Pensa (Penza), Russia, 64,000.
Perm. Russia, 47,000

Pernambuco

(Recife),

D5
H3
D3
G3
.

.H4
E 2
E

B2
G3
.

.H

L 4

Brazil,

KS

216,484
Perth, 'West. Australia, 64,174,

tl55,129
Perugia. Italy. 70,227
Peshawar, India, 93.884
Petrograd, Russia, 705.000
Pforzheim, Germany, 73,839
Piraeus, Greece, 133,482
Pisa, Italy, 67,285
Plauen. Germany, 105,639

Plymouth, England, 209.857

B7
D3
B
F

2
3

4
F 6

C3
E
.

.C 6

Plzen (Pilsen), Czecho-Slovakia,

88,447
B3

Pnom-Penh, French Indo-China,

H4

54,621
Poltava, Ukraine, 59,000
F 6
Poona. (Puna), India, 176.671
B 5
Port-au-Prince. 'Haiti. 120,000. .D3
Porto Alegre. Brazil. 150.343
.G 4
Port Said, Egypt, 91.090
Portsmouth, England, 247,343
.F 6
Pozen (Poznan), Poland, 156,691. B 5
Potsdam. Germany, 59,614
E 2
Prague
(Praha),
'Czecho-Slovakia, 676,476
Preston, England, 1 17.426
3
Puebia, Mexico, 120,000
F 4
.

D2

D4

.B

Rawalpindi. India. 97,4.Si

B 2
Reading, England, 92,274
F 5
Reggio nell'Emilie, Italy, 73,349 C 2
Regma, 'Saskatchewan, 34,432. .G 7
Reims (Rheims), France, 76,645 F 2
Rennes, France, 82,241
C2
Reval (Tallinn), 'Esthonia,
69,000
D2
;
Riga, 'Latvia, 245,000
D3
Rio de Jineiro, 'Brazil, 1,157,873J 8
Rome, 'Italy, 590,960
D4
Rosario, Argentina, 250,000
E 4
Rostock, Germany, 67,120
E 1
Rostof, Russia, 123,000
H6
Rotterdam, Netherlands,510,538.E 4
Roubaix, France, 113,265
E 1
Rouen, France. 123,712

M2

C2
D

Quebec, 'Quebec, 95,193

Quito, 'Ecuador, 70,000

G4

Rangoon, Burma, 339,527

Ravenna, Italy, 74,161

G4
D2

B 4

Saarbriicken,
105,089

Sarre,

Germany,

B4

Saharanpur, India, 62.850

C3
Saigon, Fr. Indo-China, 64,845.. .H 4
Saint Denis, France, 76,358
E 2
Saint Etienne, F"rance. 167.967.. .F 4
St. John, New Brunswick, 47,166
3
Salem, India, 52,217
Saloniki (Salonica), Gr., 170,195. F 3
Samara, Russia, 95.000
K5
Samarang, Java, 106,852
B 4
Samarkand, Turkestan, 89.697.. .F 1
San Luis Potosi. Mexico. 70,000.. E 3
San Salvador, 'Salvador, 80,756
2
Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canary
Islands (Sp.), 63,649
B 3
Santander, Spain, 72,469
El
Santiago, 'Chile, 507,296
4
Santiago de Cuba, Cuba,62,083. .E 4
Santos, Brazil, 70,000
H2
Sao Paulo, Brazil, 504,300
H2
Sapporo, Japan, 102,571
02
Saragossa,
(Zaragoza),
Spain,
141,350
Saratof, Russia, 198,000
H5
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, 25,739 D 5
Schaerbeek, Belgium, 82,480....
Sendai, Japan, 122.720
O4
Seoul (Keijo). 'Chosen, 302,686..
5
Sevastopol (Sebastopol), Russia,
68,000
.F 7
Seville, Spain, 205,527
D4
Shanghai, China, 1,538,500
I 4
Shaohing, China, 300,000
Sheffield, England, 490,724
E 3
Shimonoseki, Japan, 58,240
J 6
Sholapur, India, 61,345
C5
Siangtan, China, 300,000
G5
Simferopol, Russia, 62.000
F 7
Singan, China, 1.000,000
F 4
Singapore, Straits Settlements,
193,089
Sivas, Turkey, 65.000
F3
Skutari(Scutari),Turkev,100,000 B 2
Smolensk, Russia, 49,3()0
F 5
Smyrna, Turkey, 375,000
Sofia, 'Bulgaria. 154.431
B 3
Southampton, England. 160.997.. E 6
South Shields. England. 116.667
Spandau. Germany, 96,300
E 2
Spezia, Italy, 38,294
B 2
Srinagar, India, 141,631
B 2
Stettin, Germany. 233,255
F 2
Stockholm,
'Sweden, 419,429,
L 7
t475,000
Stockport. England, 123.315
E 3
Strasbourg, France, 166.767
H2
Stuttgart, Germany, 311,250
C4
Subotica
(Maria Theresiopel),
Jugo-SIavia, 94,610
Suchau, China, 1,027,091
1 4
Sunderland, England, 159,100... E 2
Surabaya, Java. 160,801
B 4
Surakarta.Java, 137,882
A 4
Surat. India. 118,299
B 4
Swansea, Wales, 157,561
B 5
Sydney,
'New South Wales,
104,182, t897,640
F 7
Szegedin, Hungary, 109,896
3

D
C6

F2

E6

H5

A3

A3
E2

G2

141

Tabriz, Persia, 200,000

B 1
Taganrog, Russia, 62,000
6
Taiyuen, Chma, 222,887
G3
lananarivo
(Antananarivo),

'Madagascar, 63,1 15
14
Taranto, Italy. 50.914
F4
Tashkend. Turkestan, 271,665... F 2
Teheran. 'Persia. 220,000
01
Temesvar
( lemisoara),
Rumania, 72,223
4
Tengchau, China, 277,865
1 3
Tientsin, Chma, 838,629
H3
Tiflis, Georgia, 346.766
17
Tokushima, Japan, 68,463
L 7
Tokyo ( Tokio), 'Japan,2,173,162 N 6
Tomsk, Siberia, 116,664
G2
Toronto, 'Ontario, 521,893
E 4
'loulon, France, 106.331
G5
Toulouse, France, 175,434
DS
Tourcoing, France, 78.600
El
Tours, France, 75,096
D3
Irichinopoli, India, 119,521
Trieste, Italy, 179.599
Tripoli, 'Tripoli (It.), 75,000.

C6
E

.H 2

Tsaritsyn, Russia, 65,900

J 6
Tsin, China, 186,036
F 4
Tsinan, China, 621,039
3
Tsmgtau (Chingtao, Tsingtao),
China, 308,738
13
Tucuman, Argentina. 100,000
D3
Tula, Russia. 125,000
Tunis, 'Tunis, 170,381
HI
Turin, Italy, 427,106
A2
Tver, Russia, 59,300
G4

G5

Ufa. Russia. 58.000

Utrecht, Netherlands, 140,189.

L
.

.F 3

G
D

Valencia, Spain, 243,783

3
Valladolid, Spain, 76,791
2
Valparaiso, Chile, 182,242
C4
Vancouver, Br. Columbia,117,217 J 13
Venice, Italy, 168.039
2
Verona, Italy, 79,213
C2
Victoria, 'Br. Columbia,38,727...J14
Vienna (Wien), 'Austria, 1,841,-

326
Vilna, Poland, 168,000
Vitebsk, Russia, 81,000
Vladikavkas, Russia, 76.225

48
32
54
61

37
44
48
41

55
55
32
53
53
45
78
23
22
23
22
51

36
58
32
54
55

55
64
32
58
36
32
32
20

39
39
64
82
36
36
82

H3

35

31

F 4

32
32
45
32

7
J 2

Vladivostok. Siberia. 91.464

Voronezh, Russia, 65,000

GS

Walsall, England. 96.964

E 4 IS

Warsaw. 'Poland, 931,176

F S

Wellington,
'New
Zealand,
107,488
Wenchau, China, 1.738,994
West Bromwich, Eng., 73,761.. .D
West Hartlepool, Eng., 68,689. F
Wiesbaden, Germany, 97,786.
.C
Windsor, Ontario, 38,591
B

H8
H5

31

57
55
15

14

3
5
5

24
78
79

Wurzburg, Germany, 87,055

D4
H4
G6
H4
D4

14
54
54
55
24

Yaroslaf, Russia, 72,000

32

HS

55
53
14
54

Winnipeg, 'Manitoba, 179,087...

Wolverhampton, England,
102,373

Wuchang, China, 597,967

Wuchau. China, 348,220

Wuhu, China, 235,550

Yenping

(Yanphing),

China,

196,163

Yokohama, Japan, 422,942

N6

York, England, 84,052

Yunnan, China, 275,374

E6

Zhitomir, Ukraine, 80,787

Zurich, Switzerland, 207,161

G2

Zwickau, Germany, 69,189

32
28
24

INDEX OF

CITIES

AND TOWNS OF UNITED STATES

1920

CENSUS

The following list names in alphabetical order approximately all places in the United States having one thousand or
more inhabitants and some of smaller size, locally important. Ihe index references enclosed in parentheses, indicate
The numerals at the extreme right of column are the 1920 census
location of city or village on the accompanying maps.
figures or recent official estimates of population.

ALABAMA

Population of township.

Capitals of States are in capital letters.

INDEX OF UNITED STATES

CALIFORNIA,

144

INDEX OF UNITED STATES

ILLINOIS,

Cont'd

Belleville (C5).... 24,823

Bellewood (E2) . . 1,881
Belvidere(I)l).... 7.804
1,663
Bement(D4)
.

Benld(C4)
Benton (DS)

3,316

Berwyn(E2)

14,150

7,101

Bloornington
28,725
(D3)
Blue Island (E2)..l 1,424
2,128
Bradley (E2)
1,297
Braid wood (D2)
.

2,399
2,229
3,589

Breese (C5)
Bridgeport (ES)...
.
Brookfteld (E2)
Brooklyn (B5)
Brookport (D6) ..
.

1,685
1,098
1,827

Buckner(D6)
Bushnell(B3)

2,716
15,203
Cairo (C6)
CambridKe(B2)... 1,335
10,927
Canton (C3)
6,267
Caroondale (C6)
5,212
CarlinviUe (C4)
2,027
Carlyle(CS)
2,667
Carmi (D5)
Carpentersville
1,036
(Dl)
Carriers Mills
2,343
(D6)
(B4)
2,020
Carrollton
3,404
Carterville (D6)
2,129
Carthape (A3;
2,189
Casey (E4)
Central City (C5).. 1,248
.

Centralia(C5).... 12.491
Champaign (D3) .15.873
6,615
Charleston (D4)
.

Chatsworth(D3).. 1.087

Chenoa(D3)

1,311

1.265
Cherry (C2)
2.904
Chester (C6>
Chicago (E2).. 2,701,705
Chicago Heights

19,653
(E2)
-'
Chillicothe(C3)... 1

Chrisman (E4)..

1,101

Christopher (C6).. 3,830

44.995
Cicero (E2)
5
Clinton (D3)
Coal City (D2).... 1,744
1,387
Colchester (B3)
9,753
CollinsviUe (C5)

Columbia

1,592
2,249
1,484
1,140
33.776
43,81"

(B5)..

Crystallake(Dl)

Cuba(B3)
Dallas City (A3)
Danville (E3)
Decatur (C4)

DeKalb(D2)

7,87

1,19
DeIavan(C3)
2,525
Depue(C2)
DesPlaines(El).. 3,451
Divemon(C4).... 2,382
8,191
Dixon (C2)

2.076
Dorrisville(D6)... 1,740

Dolton (E2)

Downers Grove
(D2)

Dundee (Dl)
Duquoin(C5)
Dwight (D2)

3,543
4,100
7,285
2,255

Earlville (C2)

1,012

East Alton (B5)... 1,669

East Dubuque
(Bl)

East
East
East
East

Dundee (Dl).

1,163
1,303

Moline(B2).. 8,675
Peoria (C3)
Saint Louis

(,B5)

2,214
66,767

Edwardsville (CS). 5,336

ElTingh:un(D4)..

145

INDEX OF UNITED STATES

146
Loogootee (C7)

.
2,335
1,197
6,711
10.962 Madison (F7)
23,747
Marion (E3)
3,499 Martinsville (D6) . 4,895
(F2)
1,200
Columbus (E6) .. . 8,990 Mecca (B5)
9,901 Michigan City
Connersville (F5)
19,457
1,049
(Bl)
Converse (E3)
1,785 Middletown(F4).. 1,273
Corydon (D8)
Covington (B4) .. . 1,945 Mishawaka(Dl) .15,195
3,025
Mitchell (C7)
Crawfordsville
1,357
Monon(C3)
10,139
(C4)
Crothersville (E7). 1,131 Montezuma (B5).. 1,178
Crown Point (B2) 3,232 Monticello(C3)... 2,536
1,080 Montpelier(F3)... 2,297
Culver (D2)
1,729 Mooresville (DS).. 1,781
Danville (C5)
1,064
4,762 Morocco (B3)
Decatur (G3)
2,087 Mt. Vernon (A9) . 5,284
Delphi (C3)
36,524
1,679 Muncie(F2)
Dugger(B6)
2,678
2,532 Nappanee (D2)
Dunkirk (F4)
E. Chicago (Bl)... 35,967 National Military
2,300
Home(E3)
1,214
Eaton (F4)
Edinburg(D6).... 2,376 New Albany
22,992
24,277
(E8)
Elkhart (El)
10,790 Newburg (B9) . . . 1,295
Elwood(E4)
Evansville(AS)...85,264 Newcastle (F5) . . 14,458
1,000 New Harmony
Ewing(D7)
1,126
(A8)
Fairmount(E4)... 2,155
Farmersburg (A6). 1,141 New Haven (G2).. 1,237
1,441 Noblesville (E4) .. 4,758
Flora (D3)
Fort Branch (A8) . 1,339 No. Judson (C2) .. 1,189
1,213 North Manchester
Fortville (E5)
2,711
(E2)
Fort Wayne (F2) .86,549
3,084
1,442 No. Vernon (E6)
Fowler (B3)
Frankfort (C4)....l 1,585 Notre Dame (Dl). 1,200
4,909 Oakland City (B8) 2,270
Franklin (D6)
1,408
Frenchlick (C7) .. 1,980 Orleans (C7)
1,093
4,796 Osgood (F6)
Garrett (F2)
55,378 Owensville(A8)... 1,239
Gaiy(Bl)
1,520
Gas City (E3) ... , 2,870 Paoli(C7)
1,244
Goodland(B3).... 1,120 Pendleton (E4) ..
12,410
9,525 Peru(D3)
Goshen (El)
(B7)...
2,367
3,780
Petersburg
Greencastle (C5) . .
Greenfield (E5) .. . 4,168 Pierceton(E2).... 1,018
5,345 Plainfield (D5).... 1,373
Greensburg (F6) .
4,338
GreentowQ (E4)... 1,163 Plymouth (D2)
5,958
Greenwood (D5) . 1,907 Portland (04)
Hagerstown(F5)... 1,238 Princeton (A8).... 7,132
1,386
Hammond (Bl) ..36,004 Redkey(F4)
Harmony (B6).. .. 1,200 Remington (B3) . 1,044
2,912
Hartford Cy. (F4). 6,183 Rensselaer (B3)
Hessville(Bl).... 1,480 Richmond (G.5)... 26,765
3,450 Ridgeville (04) . . 1,042
Hobart(Bl)
1,183 Rising Sun (07).., 1,411
Hope(E6)
2,100 Rochester (D2) .. . 3,720
Howell (A9)
Huntingburg (B8). 3,261 Rockport(B9).... 2,581
Huntington (E3) .14,000 Rockville(B5).... 1,968
1,599 Rushville(F5).,,. 5,498
Hymera(B6)
.
1,400
St. Paul (E6)
Indiana Harbor
2,836
9,000 Salem (D7)
(Bl)
Scottsburg(E7).., 1,609
INDIANAPOLIS
314,194 Seymour (E7)
7,348
(D5)
1,814
Tasonville(B6).... 4,461 Shelbum(B6)
2.539 Shelbyville(ES)... 9,701
Jasper (C8)
Sheridan (D4) ...
1,761
Jeilersonville
10,098 Shirley (E5)
1,079
(E8)
1,034
Jonesboro (E4) ... 1,429 Shoals (C7)
Kendallville(F2).. 5.273 South Bend (Dl) .70,983
1,283 South Whitley (E2).l, 074
Kentland(B3)
2,066
Knightstown (E5) 1,918 Spencer (C6)
4,489
1,577 Sullivan (B6)
Knox(C2)
30,067 Summitville(E4).. 1,001
Kokomo(D3)
1,171
1,010 Syracuse (E2)
Ladoga (C5)
4,086
Tell
....
City (C9)
LaFayette(C4)...22,486
Lagrange (Fl).... 1,610 Terre Haute (B6). 66,083
1,079 Thomtown(C4) .. 1,432
Lapel (E4)
4,507
15,158 Tipton (E4)
Laporte(Cl)
Tolleston(Bl).... 1,000
Lawrenceburg
Union City (04) .. 3,406
3,466
(G6)
6,257 Universal (A5).... 1,570
Lebanon (C4)
1,301
Liberty (F5)...,,, 1,292 Upland (F3)
Ligonier(E2)..... 2,037 Valparaiso (B2).... 6,518
1,580
5,856 Veedersburg (B4)
Linton (B6)
.21.626
1,175
(D3)
Vevay(F7)
Logansport

INDIANA,

C<mt'd

Lowell (B2)

Clmton(B5)
Columbia City

2,684
Vincennes(.\7)...17,160 Forest City (Dl).. 2,145 Osceola (D3)
9,872 Fort Dodge (C2).. 19,347 Oskaloosa (E3) ... 9,427
Wabash (E3)
23,003
Ottumwa(E4)
Wa!kerton(D2)... 1,033 Fort Madison
1,108
1,520
(F4)
12,066 Parkersburg (E2)
Warren (F3)
3,338
Warsaw (E2)
5,478 Garner (Dl)
1,311 Pella(E3)
5,642
Washington (B7).. 8,743 Olenwood (B3) .. 3,862 Perry (03)
1,302
1,375 Pocahontas (C2)
Waterloo (02) ... . 1,172 Greene (E2)
5,578
W. Lafayette (C4) 3,830 Greenfield (C3) .. . 1,707 Redoak(B3)
.
1,415
5,362 Reinbeck (E2)
W. Terre Haute(A6)4,310 Orinnell(E3)
1,144
1,264 Remsen(A2)
Whiting (Bl)
10,145 Oriswold(B3)
Williamsport (B4). 1,088 Orundy Cen. (E2). 1,749 Rock Rapids (A 1). 2,172
Winamac(C2)
1,684 Guthrie Cen. (C3). 1,727 Rock Valley (Al).. 1,347
(F2)
Rockwell
City
1,666
Winchester (04) . . 4,021 Outtenberg
.

2,017
(C2)
Winslow(B8)
1,140 Hamburg (B4)
Worthington (C6). 1,853 Hampton (D3).... 2,992 Rolfe(C2)

Harlan (B3)

IOWA
Ackley (D2)
Adel(C3)

1,529
1,445
1,324
Akron (A2)
Albia(E3)
5,067
.'>ilgona(Cl)
3,724
1,290
.\lta(B2)
6,270
Ames(D2)
Anamosa(F2)
2,881
Anita (C3)
1,236
5,329
Atlantic (B3)
Audubon (C3) ... . 2,108
Avoca(B3)
1,482
Bedford (C4)
2,073
Belle Plaine (E3) . 3,887
Bellevue(G2)..,.. 1,663
Belraond(D2).... 1,797
Bettendorf (03)... 2,178
Bloomfield (E4)... 2,064
Boone (D2)... ...12,451
Brighton (F3) ... . 1,014
1,619
Britt(Dl)
Brooklyn (E3).... 1,533
Burlington (F4)... 24,057
.

. . . .

4,300
4,254

Bu.xton(E3)
Carroll (C2)

1,249
Cascade (021
Cedar Falls (E2).. 6,316
Cedar Rapids

45,566
(F3^
Centerville(E4)... 8,486
Chariton (D3) ..
5,175
Charles City (El) . 7,350
Cherokee (B2) ... 5,824
Cincinnati (D4)... 1,301
Clarinda(B4;..... 4,511
Clarion (D2)
2,826
2,804
Clear Lake (Dl)
Clinton (0.3)
.24,151
Colfa.x(D3)
2,504
Coon Rapids (C3) 1,328
Corning fC4) ....
1,840
Correctionville
(B2)
1,016
Corydon (D4) ... 1,867
Council Bluffs
(B3)
36,162
Cresco(El)
3,195
8,034
Creston(C3)
Davenport (03).. .56,727
4,039
Decorah(Fl)
Denison(B2)
3,581
.

DES MOINES
(D3)

126.468

DeWitt(03)

1,849
1,145

Dows(D2)
Dubuque (02)

39,141

Dunlap(B3)
Dyersville (02)

Eaglegrove (D2)

Eldon(E4)
Eldora(D2)
Elkader(F2)

. .
.

2,821
1,306
2,491
1,248
2,232
1,214

Hartley (Bl)

1,455
1,933

4,433
2,091
3,189
1,223

Emmetsburg (CI) 2,762

Estherville(Cl)... 4.699
Fairfield (F3) .... 5,948
Farminpton (F4)... 1,086
Fayette (F2)
1.085

2,039
1,031

Sac City (B2)

Sanborn (Bl)
Seymour (D4) ...
Sheffield (D2)
Sheldon (Bl).....

2,630

1,497
1,746
1,106
3,488
Humboldt (C2) .. .
Shenandoah (B4).. 5,255
Humeston (D4)
Idagrove(B2)
2,020 Sibley (Bl).,..... 1,803
Independence (F2) 3,672 Sidney (B4)...... 1,154
2,210
Indianola(D.?).... 3,628 Sigourney(E3) ..
Iowa City (F3)....l 1,2 67 Sioux Center (.Al) 1,387
Iowa Falls (D2) . 3,954 Sioux City (A2).... 7 1,227
4.599
3,416 Spencer (CI)
Jefferson (C2)
1,701
1,090 Spirit Lake (Bl)
Jewell (D2)
14,423 Storm Lake (B2). 3,658
Keokuk (F4)
Knoxville (D3) ... 3,523 Story City (D2)... 1,591
Lake City (C2) ... 2,110 Strawberry Point
(F2)
1,101
Lake Mills (Dl)... 1,529
1,716
Lamoni(D4)
1,787 Stuart (C3)
1,511
1,447 Sumner (E2)
Lansing (Fl)
1,186
Laporte City (E2). 1,443 Tabor (B4)
2,601
1,090 Tama(E3)
Lehigh (C2)
2,142
4,683 Tipton (F3)
Lemars(A2)
1,604
Leno.t(C4)
1,197 Toledo (E2)
1,329
2,193 Traer(E2)
Leon(D4)
1,637 Vallyjct. (D3).... 3,631,
Logan (B3)
2,111
5,000 Villisca(B4)
Lyons (03)
3,381
McGregor (F2) .. . 1,289 Vinton (E2)
1,480
1,783 Wapello (F3)
Madrid (D3)
4,697
1,195 Washington (F3)
Malvern (B4)
Manchester (F2)
3,111 Waterloo (E2).... 36,230
2,359
1,476 Waukon(Fl)
Manly (Dl)
3,352
1,863 Waverly (E2)
Manning (B3)
Manilla (B3)
1,142 Webster City (D2) 5,657
(F4)
1,212
Burlington
Manson(C2)
1,409 W.
Mapleton(B2).... 1,367 West Liberty (F3). 1,834
Maquoketa (02) . 3,626 West Union (F2) . . 1,777
1,091 Whatcheer(E3;... 1,626
Marcus (B2)
2,048 Williamsburg (E3) 1,251
Marengo (E3)
4,138 Wiltonjct. (F3)... 1,178
Marion (F2)
Winterset(C3).... 2,906
Marshalltown
1,463
15,731 Woodbine (B3) ..
(E2)
Mason City (Dl).. 20,065
Melcher(D3)
1,582
4,895
.\bilene(E3)
Missouri Valley
789
3,985 Alma(F2)
(B3)
1,016
Montezuma (E3).. 1,273 Altoona(G4)
2.740
2,257 Anthony (D4)
Monticello (F2)
1,175
1,387 .\rcadia(H4)
Moulton(E4)
1,738 Arkansas City
Mount Ayr (C4)
11,253
(F4)
Mt. Pleasant (F4). 3,987
2,180
1,466 Arma(H4)
Mt. Vernon (F3)
1,147
.Muscatine (F3)... 16,068 Ashland (04)
12,630
2,796 Atchison (02)
Mystic (E4)
4,219
Nashua (E2). ,, .. 1,317 Augusta (E4)
2,668 Baldwin City (0,3) 1,137
Nevada (D2)
3,608
Baxter Sprs.(H 5)
New Hampton
839
2,539 Belle Plaine (E4)...
(El)
New London (F4) 1,144 Belleville (E2).... 2,254
3,315
New Sharon (E3).. 1,084 Beloit(D2)
(F2)..
1,534
Blue
Rapids
6,627
Newton (D3)
Nora Springs (El). 1,055 Bonner Sprs. (02). 1,626
835
Northwood(Dl).. 1,597 Bucklin (04)
1,188 Burlingame (03) . 1,330
Oakland (B3)
1,445 Burlington (03)... 2,236
Odebolt(B2)
2,191
Caldwell
(E4)
7,455
0elwein(E2)
3,427
1,451 Caney (F5)
0gden(C2)
2,256 CedarVale(F4)... 1,044
Onawa(A2)
10,286
Orange City (A2).. 1,632 Chanute(G4)
2.878 Cherokee (H4).... 1,091
Osage (El)

Hawarden(Al)...
Holstein(B2)

KANSAS

..
.

INDEX OF UNITED STATES

148

"3,280
Winterport (B4) .."1,433
"2,152 Winthrop(.A4)... "1,90."
Machiasport (D4) "l.in Wiscasset(B5).... "1,192
Madawaska (CI).. "1,933 Yarmouth (A5) .. ."2,216
3,729 Yarmouthville
Madison (B4)
(A5)
1,600
Mapleton(C2)... "1,128
MareHill(C2)... "1,783 York Village (A5) . 1,100

MAINE,

Cont'd

Winslow(B4)

Machias(D4)

Mechanic Falls
"1,614
"3,242
Mexico (A4)
Mi!lbridge(D4)... "1,196
Millinocket(C3).. "4,528
1,000
Milltown(D3)..
"2
Milo(B3)
Monmouth (B4) "1,372
"1,079
Monson(B3)
Monticello(D2)... "1,268
Mt. Desert (C4)... "1,49
New Gloucester
"1.384
(A5)
Newport (B4) .. "1,709

(A4)

Norridgewock
"1,532

(B4)

MARYLAND
Aberdeen (F2)

1,067

ANNAPOLIS
(E3)
11,214
Arlington (E2).. .. 1,000
Baltimore (E2) .733,826
Barton (B4)
765
Belair(Fl)
1,091
Berlin (H4)
1,366

Boonsboro(Cl)... 1,044
Brunswick (C2).... 3,905
Cambridge (F3)... 7,467
Capitol Heights
(E3)

1,194

North Anson (B4). 1,200 Catonsville (E2)

No. Berwick (A5) ."1,652 Center\'ille(F2)..
2,208
Norway (A4)
Oakland (B4).... "2,473
Old Orchard (A5) "1,164
6,956
OIdtown(C4)
"3,133
Orono(C4)

4,500

1,765
2,537
1,500

Chestertown (F2)
Cockeysville (E2)
Crisfield(G5)

4,116

Cumberland CC4) 29,837

Deal Island (G4)

2,000

Orrin?ton(C4)...."l,174 Delmar (G4)

Parsonsfield(A5).. "1,062 Denton (G3)
"1,498
Patten (C3)
"1,168
Pembroke (D4)
"1,146
Perry (D4)
(B4)
2,146
Pittsfield
"1,399
Poland (A4)
Portland (A5).... 69,272
PresqueIsle(C2).. 3,452
"1,091
Princeton (D3)
Randolph (B4).... "1,145
Richmond (B4)... "1,724
Rockland (B4).... 8,109
."1,774
Rockport (B4)
7,016
Rumford (A4)
.

1,291

1,570
3,442
1,500

Easton (F3)
Eastport(F3)
Eckhart Mines

Elkton(Gl)
Ellicott City (E2)

940

1,700
2,660
1,246

Federalsburg (G3). 1,288

Frederick (D2).. .. 11,066
Frostburg (B4) ..
6,017

Emmitsburg(Dl).

Saco(AS)
(Fl)
St. Agatha (CI) .."1,669
St. Albans (B4)... "1,207 Hurlock(G3)
"1,654 HyattsviUe (E3)
St. George (B4)
Sanford(A5). ..."10,691 KiUmiller (B4)
.

Laurel (E2)

Lonaconing (C4)
Midland (B4)
Mt. Rainier (E3).
Mt. Savage (C4)
.

4,377
1,075
2,675
1,044
2,239
2,054

910
.
.

Northeast (Gl) ..
So. Berwick (A5)... 2,955 Oakland (A4)
1,793 Oxford (F3)
South Paris (A4)
So. Portland (A5).. 9,254 Pikesville(E2)....
So. Windham (A5) 1,200 Pocomoke City
(G4)
Springvale(A5)... 2,300
"1,735 Port Deposit (Fl).
Standish(A5)
Princess Anne
Stockton Springs
(G4)
1,175
(C4)
Stonington(C4)... "1,353 Reisterstown (E2)
"1,132 Relay (E2)
Sullivan (C4)
Tenants Har.(B5). 1,700 Rockville(D2)....
Thomaston (B4) "2,019 St. Michaels (F3)..
Topsham(B5)...."2,102 Salisbury (G4)....
"1,029 Savage (E2)
Tremont(C4)
"1,382 Snow Hill (H4) ...
Turner (A4)
"1,133 Sparrows Point
Union (B4)
(F2)
Vassalboro(B4)... "1,936
Vanburen (CI). ..."4,594 Takoma Park (D3)
.

Vinalhaven(C4).. "1,965 Texas (E2)

VValdoboro(B4)... "2,426 Thurmont (Dl)..
Wallagrass (CI). .."1,144 Towson (E2)
"1,500 Union Bridge (Dl)
Wan-en (B4)
Washburn (C2) .. 1,870 Western Port
(B4)
Waterville(B4)... 13,351
"1,943 Westminster (El).
W'ells(A5)
.

2,462
3,600
1,112
1,225

998

UOO

Waton(A4)

Medfield(E2).... "3,595
Medford(E2)
39,038

Medway(E2)
"2,956
Melrose (E2)
18,204
Merrick (B2)
1,300
"12,967 Essex (Fl)
"1,47
Merrimac(El)...."2,173
.'^dams(Al)
."5,023
(B2)
Everett
(E2)
40,120
Methuen(El).
.."15,189
.'Vgawam
."7,291 MiddIeboro(F3).. "8,453
Amesbury (El).. "10,036 Fairhaven (F3)
Amherst (C2).. .. "5,550 Fall River (E3)
120,485 Middleton (El)... "1,195
Andover(El).. .. "8,268 Falmouth (F3)... "3,500 Milford(D2).... "13,471
"5,653
Arlington (E2).. ."18,665 FiskdaIe(C2)
1,200 Millbury (D2)
"1,485
Fitchburg(Dl)... 41,029 Millis(E2)
Ariington Heights
2,200 Florence (B2)
2,400 Millville (D2)
2,224
(E2)
"4,136 Milton (E2)
"9,382
Ashbumham (Dl) "2,012 Foxboro(E2)
"2,287 Framingham (E2)"17,033 Mittineague (B2)
Ashland (E2)
3,000
"6,497 Monson(C2)
"4,826
"9,792 Franklin (E2)
Athol (CI)
Attleboro(E3).... 19,731 Gardner (CI).. ."16,9
Montague (Bl). .."7,675
"3,891 Georgetown (Fl).. "2,004 Nahant(F2)
"1,318
Auburn (D2)
Aubumdale (E2)
2,500 Gilbertville (C2)
2,250 Nantucket (G4).. "2,797
"2,176 Globe Village (C2). 2,300 Natick (E2)
"10,907
Avon(E2)
"3,052 Gloucester (Fl).. 22.947 Needham(E2)....^,012
Ayer(Dl)
"6
Baldwinsville (CI) 1,700 Grafton (D2)
Needham Heights
Barnstable (G3)... "4,836 Graniteville (El)... 1,200
(E2)
1,700
"3,357 Great Barrington
New Bedford
Barre(C2)
"1,362
121,217
Bedford (El)
6,315
(E3)
(.42)
"1,303
Belchertown (B2) "2,058 Greenfield (Bl). ."15,462 Newbury (Fl)
"2,185 Newburyport
Bellingham(D2).."2,102 Groton(Dl)
(Fl)
15,618
Belmont (E2).... "10,749 Groveland(Fl)..."2,650
"2,784 Newton (E2)
Beverly (Fl)
46,054
22,561 Hadley (B2)
Beverly Farms
Hamilton (Fl).. ."1,631 Newton Center
"2,575
950 Hanover (F2)
(Fl)
(E2)
6,000
"1,900 Newton Highlands
"3,646 Hanson (F2)
Billerica(El)
Blackstone(E2)... "4,299 Hardwick(C2).... "3,085
(E2)
3,000
"2,546 Newton Lower Falls
Bondsville (C2)
1.750 Harvard (Dl)
"1.846
BOSTON (F2)... 748,060 Harwick(G3)
(E2)
1,200
"2,530 Hatfield (B2) ...
"2,651 Newton Upper Falls
Bourne (F3)
(E2)
2,500
Braintree(F2)... "10,580 Haverhill (El).. .53,884
Bridgewater(F3).. "8,438 Haydenville(B2).. 1,100 Newtonville(E2).. 6,200
"1,159
Brockton (E2).... 66,254 Hingham(F2)...."5,604 Norfolk (E2)
Brookfield(C2)..."2,216 Hinsdale (A2) .. . "1,065 No. Abington (F2) 2,800
Brookline(E2)... "37,748 Holbrook(F2)... "3,161 No. Adams (Al) .22,282
"2,970 Northampton
Byfield (Fl)
880 Holden(D2)
"2,707
.
Cambridge (E2).. 109,694 Holliston (E2)
(B2)
21.951
"5,945 Holyoke(B2)
60,203 No. Andover (El) ."6,265
Canton (E2)
Chatham (G3).. ."1,737 Hopedale(D2).... "2,777 No. Attleboro (E3)"9,238
Chelmsford (El).. "5 ,682 Hopkinton(E2).. "2,289 Northboro(D2)... "1.753
2,200 Northbridge (D2)"10,174
Chelsea (E2)
43,184 Housatonic (A2)
Cherry Valley
Hudson (D2) ... . "7,607 North Brookfield
"1.771
"2,610
(D2)
1,200 Hull(F2)
(C2)
Cheshire (A 1).... "1,476 Huntington (B2) "1,425 North Chelmsford
"1,302 Hyannis(G3)
(El)
Chester (B2)
2,000
1,700
Chicopee(B2)
36,214 Indian Orchard
No. Cohasset (F2). 1,400
7,500 North Dartmouth
Chicopee Falls
(C2)
"6,201
900
(F3)
(B2)
8,500 Ipswich (Fl)
900 No. Dighton (E3)
900
Cliftondale (E2)
.3,500 Jefferson (D2) ....
"2,505 No. Easton (E2) .. 3,200
Clinton (D2).... "12,979 Kingston (F3)
"1,419 Northfield(Cl)..."1.77S
Cochituate(E2)... 1,300 Lakeville (F3)
"2,639 Lancaster (D2) .."2,461 No. Grafton (D2) 2,000
Cohasset(F2)
"1,607 Lanesville (Fl) ..
Colerain(Bl)
1,000 North Leominster
(Dl)
900
CoUinsville (El).. 1,200 Lawrence (El).... 94,2 70
"4,085 No. Plymouth (F3). 900
"6,461 Lee(.A2)
Concord (E2)..
1,100 No. Scituate (F2)
1,100
Concord Jet. (E2)
1,850 Leeds (B2)
"3,635 No. Wobum (El)
"3,752 Leicester (D2) ..
2,000
Dalton(A2)
"2,691 Norton (E3)
"2,374
Danvers(Fl).. ."11,108 Lenox (A2)
"1.348
19,744 Norwell(F2)
Danversport (Fl)
1,000 Leominster (Dl)
."6,350 Norwood (E2)... "12,627
Dartmouth (E3) "6,493 Le.xington (E2)
"1,042 Oak Bluffs (F4)... "1,047
Dedham(E2).... "10,792 Lincoln (E2)
1,400 Onset (F3)
1 .600
Deerfield(Bl)... "2,803 Linwood(D2)
"5 393"1,536 Littleton (Dl).... "1,277 Orange (CI)
Dennis (G3)
"3.820
Dighton(E3).... "2,574 Longmeadow(B2). "2,618 0.xford(D2)
"9.896
112,759 Palmer (C2)
Douglass (D2).... "2,181 Lowell (El)
"7,470 Peabody(Fl).... "19,552
"5,280 Ludlow (C2)
Dracut(El)
"3,701 Luenburg(Dl).. "1,634 Pembroke (F2) ..."1,358
Dudley (D2)
"1,533 Lvnn(F2)
99,148 Pepperell(Dl)... "2,468
Duxbury (F2)
49,103 Pittsfield (A2).... 41, 763
E. Braintree (E2).. 1,200 Maiden (E2)
"1,365
Manchaug(D2)..
1,600 Plainville (E2)
East Bridgewater
"3,486 Manchester (Fl).. "2,466 Pl>-mouth(F3).... 13,045
(F2)
3,800 Mansfield (E2)... "6,255 Provincetown (G2)"4,246
E. Dedham (E2)
47,876
E. Douglass (D2).. 1,500 Marblehead (Fl) "7,324 Quincy(E2)
"1.288 Randolph (F2).... "4,756
Easthampton(B2)"ll,261 Marion (F3)
"1,695
E. Lexington (E2) . 840 Marlboro (D2).... 15,028 Raynham (E3)
"7,439
East Milton (E2).. 2,000 Marshfield(F2).... "1,379 Reading (El)
2,400 Matupoisett (F3)."l,277 Rehobotb(E3)...."2,065
E. Pepperell(Dl)
E.Saugus(F2)....
960 Maynard(D2)... "7.086 Revere (F2)
28.823
.

"2,505 Williamsport (CI)

2,444
1,090

968
1,000
1,000
1,145
1,347
7,553
1,000
1,684

4,800
3,168
1,000
1,074

3,700
1,082

Westbrook(AS)... 9.453 Westport (E2)

(C4)

Hagerstown (CI). .28,064

Hamilton (E2).... 1,500
Hancock (Bl)
972
6,817 Havre de Grace

SaDgerville(B3)..." 1,246
Scarboro(A5).... "1,832
Searsport(C4).... "1,373
"1,131
Shennan (C3)
Skowhegan(B4).. "5,981
"1,054
Solon (B4)

Taunton (E3)
900
MASSACHUSETTS E.
E. Walpole(E2)...
900
"5,787 E.We>Tiiouth(F2). 4,000
Abington (E2)
"2,162 Edgartown(F4)... "1,190
Acton (E2)
"1,295
Acushnet(F3).... "3.075 Erving(Cl)

3,971
3,521
1,000
1,615

INDEX OF UNITED STATES

iSb

MINNESOTA,

Cont'd

..

INDEX OF
MONTANA,

Cont'd

Marysville(D3)... 2,000
Miles City (L3) .
7,937
Missoula (B3)
12,
Mondak(Ml)
400
Moore (G3)
355
Philipsburg (C3)
1,724
Plains (B2)
452
Plenty wood (Ml) .
Poison (B2)
1,132
Poplar (LI)
1,1S2
.

RedLodw(G4)...
Roundup (113)
Sandcoulcc (E2)

Scobey (LI)
Shelby (Dl)

4,515
2,434
1,000
1,170

537
538

Sheridan (D4)
Sidney (M2)
Stanford (G2)

1,400

Stevcnsville (B3)..
Stockett (F2)
Terry (L3)
Three Forks (E3)..
Townsend (E3) ...

Troy(Al)
Twin Bridges (D4)
Valier(Dl)

300
744
1,100

794
1,071

897
763
755
613

Virginia City
(E4)
342
Walkerville (D3).. .2,391
Whitcflsh(Bl)
2,867
Whitehall (D4) ...
629

White Sulphur
Springs (F3)....

574

Wibaux (M3)

61

Wolfpoint (LI)

2,098

NEBRASKA
Ainsworth (E2)
Albion (F3)

. .

Alliance (A2)

Alma(E4)

1,508
1,978
4,591
1,058

Ashland (H3)

1,725

Auburn

2,863
2,962
2,127
9,664
2,702

(J4)

Aurora (F4)
Bayard (A3)

Beatrice (H4)
Blair (H3)
Bloomfield(G2)... 1,431
Bridgeport (A3)... 1,235

Brokenbow (E3)
Cambridge (D4)

2,567
1,042

Central City (F3). 2,410

Chadron(B2)
4,412
Collegeview(H4).. 2,249
Columbus (G3) .. . 5,410

Cozad(D4)

1,293

Crawford (A2)

1,646
1,446
2,445
2,216

Creighton (F2)....
Crete (G4)
David City (G3) .
Dundee (H3)
.

Fairbury(G4)

1,023
5,454

Falls City (J4) .... 4,930

Fremont (H3)

9,605
1,263

Friend (G4)
Fullerton (F3)
Geneva (G4)
Genoa (G3)

1,595
1,768
1,069
2,508

Gering(A3)

Gordon (B2)
1,581
Gothenburg (E4).. 1,754
Grand Island (F4) 13,947
Hartington (G2)
Hastings (F4)

1,467

11,647

Havelock(H4).... 3,602
Hebron (G4)
1,513
Holdrege (E4) .... 3,108

Humboldt a4)....
Kearney (E4)

1,277
7,702

Kimball (A3)
1,620
Lexington (E4) ... 2,327
LINCOLN (H4).. 54,948

Loup City (E3)

tJNITEt) StATfiS

151

..

INDEX OF UNITED STATES

1S2

Waldwick(Dl)...

New Durham
4,100

(D2)
Providence
(D2)

New

Newton

1,203
4,125

(CI)

No. Arlington
1,767

(D2)
North Paterson
(D2)

1,296
Wallington (D2) . 5,715
Wanaque(Dl).... 2,916
Washington (C2).. 3,341
Weehawken (D2) .13,488
Westfield(D2).... 9,063
W.Hoboken(D2). 40,074
.

West

SanMarcial(B4)..
San Rafael (A3)...
Santa Cruz (D3)

4,143
2,673
3,024

SANTA FE(C3)

1,595 Gouvemeur (El)

4,728 Gowanda(B3)....
1,347 Granville (G2)....
1,683 Greene (E3)
2,838 Green Island (G3).

Castleton(G3)...
Catskill(F3)
Cattaraugus (B3)
Cazenovia (E3)
Cedarhurst(Bl)
7,236 Center Moriches

3,039 Sandoval (C3) ....

Vineland (CS) .... 6,799 San Juan (C4)

Cont'd Verona (D2)

NEW JERSEY,

1,297
4.411

Greenport(Cl)... 3,122
1,100 Greenwich (G2)... 2,384
2,235
1,140 Groton(D3)

(CI)
Santa Rita (B6)... 1,900
Santa Rosa (E4) .. 1,093 Champlain (Gl)
(B3).... 3,185
Silver City (A6)... 2,662 Charlotte (C2).... 2,302 Hamburg
1,505
1,256 Chateaugay(Gl).. 1,291 Hamilton (E3)....
Socorro (C4)
915 Chatham (G3).... 2,710 Hammondsport
29,926 Springer (E2)

New York

(D2)
1,300
W. Orange (D2)...
6,916 W. Paterson (D2)
9,42' Westville (B4) ....
Nutley(D2)
OceanCity(CS)... 2,512 Westwood (D2) .
Wharton (C2)
Ocean Grove
3,100 Wildwood (C5)
(D3)
33,268 Williamstown (C4)
Orange (D2)
2,600 Woodbine (C5)
0.x{ord(C2)

North

15,573

Plainfield

(D2)

1,800 Chester (Al)

381 Clayton (El)
Clifton Sorings
990
(C3)..:
Clinton (E2)
1,(
3,117 Clyde (D2)
1,096 Cobleskill(F3)....
3,500 Coeymans (G3)....

Taos(D2)
Texico(F4)

1,1

1,049
1

1.060

(C3)

Hampton Bays(C2)l,000
Handcock

1,326
(E4)
1,500
1,628 Harrison (Bl)
1,270 Hastings upon
Tome(C4)
Hudson (Bl)... 5,526
2,528
Tucumcari(F3)...
2,410 Haverstraw (Al).. 5,226
Tularosa(C5)
6,382
1,000 Hempstead (Bl)
Tyrone (A6)
10,453
22,987 Herkimer (F2)
620 Cohoes(G3)
Vallecitos(C2)....
Woodbridge (D2)
Palisades Park
1,433 Hicksville (Bl) ... 3,000
Cold Spring (G4)
Vaughn (D4)
2,633 Woodbury (B4)...
(D2)
2,000
875 Cooperstown (E3).. 2,725 Highland (F4) ...
1,923 Wagonmound (E3)
2,500 Woodridge (D2)
Palmyra (B3)
2,576 Highland Fall:
1,600 Corinth (G2)
1,589 Zuni(A3)
1,481 Woodstown (B4)
Park Ridge (El)
(Al)
2,588
15,820
Coming (C3)
63,841 Wrightstown (C3) 5,288
Passaic (D2)
1,112
Cornwall (F4)
1,755 Hillbum(Al)
Paterson (D2)... 135,875
1,625
Holley(B2)
1,557 Cornwall-on-theAdams (E2)
Paulsboro (B4) .. 4,352
2,356
Hudson(Bl)... 2,240 Homer (D3)
1,699
500 Addison (C3)
Penns Grove (B4) . 6,060 Abiguiu (C2)
Falls
Honeoye
(D3)
13,294
Cortland
....
1,960
(B2)
Akron
2,363
Alamogordo
(C6)..
Perth Amboy
1,107
Co.xsackie
(G3)
2,121
(C3)
(G3).. 113,344
41,707 Albuquerque
(D3)
Hoosick Falls
4,683 Croton-on-Hudson
15,157 Albion (B2)
(C3)..
Phillipsburg (B2) 16,923
4,896
(G3)
(Bl)
2,286
Alexandria Bay
3,385 Anton Chico
Pitman (B4)
15,025
1,611 Homell(C3)
1,649 Cuba (B3)
(El)
850
(D3)
Plainfield (D2).... 27,700
2,078
1,350 Danneraora (Gl) . 2,623 Horseheads (D3)
1,115 Allegany (B3)
5,887 Artesia(E6)
PleasantviUe (C5)
11,745
1,200 Dansville(C3).... 4,631 Hudson (G3)
489 Amenia(G4)
Aztec (A2)
Point Pleasant
1,669 Hudson Falls
1,306 Amityville(Bl)... 3,265 Delhi (F3)
1,575 Belen(C4)
Beach (D3)
5,761
5,850
(G2)
770 Amsterdam (F3).. 33,542 Depew(B3)
Bernalillo (C3)....
Pompton Lakes
1,943 Huntington (Bl).. 5,000
1,132 DeDosit(E3)
620 Andover(C3)
2,008 Bland (C3)
(D2)
10,169
1,164 I!ion(E2)
972 De.xter(Dl)
2,205 Angelica (C3)
Port Norris (B5) . 1,350 Carlsbad (E6)
2,000
Inwood(Bl)
Ferrv
(Al)
4,401
Dobbs
1,367
2,157 Angola (A3)
Princeton (C3) .... 5,917 Clayton (F2)
1,012 Dolgeville (F2) ... 3,448 Irvington(Bl).... 2,701
4,904 Antwerp (El)
Prospect Park (D2) 4.292 Clovis(F4)
.... 2,300
1,143 Islip(Bl).
1,609 Dundee (D3)
11,042 Columbus (B7) .. 2,110 Arcade (B3)
Rahway(D2)
17,004
19,336 Ithaca (D3;
1,844 Dunkirk (A3)
4,000 Athens (G3)
2,090 Dawson (E2)
Ramsey (Dl)
2,015 East Aurora (B3).. 3,703 Jamestown (A3) ...38,917
3,212 Attica (B3)
4,557 Deming(B6)
Raritan(C2)
Johnson City (F3) 8,587
36,192 East Hampton
750 Auburn (D3)
Red Bank (D3) .. . 9,251 Dona Ana (C6) ...
2,100 Johnstown (F2) . 10,908
(CI)
Ausable Forks
1,560 East Las Vegas
Ridgefield (E2)
1,012
1,500 EastIslip(B2).... 1,300 Jordan (C2)
(Gl)
4,304
(E3)
Ridgefieid Park
1,500
Katonah(Bl)
1,019 East Rochester
Avoca(C3)
8,575 Espanola (C3)
(E2)
3,901 Keeseville(Gl)... 1,524
2,585
(C2)
Avon(C3)
7,580 Estancia (D4)
Ridgewood (D2)
3,160
(B3)
Kenmore
Rockaway
East
(Bl)
2,523
Babylon
1,077 Farmington(A2)..
Riverside (B3)
26,688
(F4)....
2,005 Kingston
(B2)
Bainbridge(E3)... 1,259
2,341 Fierro (A6)
Riverton (B3)
Lackawanna (B3). 17,918
3,000 East Syracuse
Baldwin (Bl)
2,655 Fort Bayard (A6)
Rockaway (D2)
4,106 Lake Placid (Gl).. 2,099
(E2)
Baldwinsville (D2) 3
8,049 Fort Sumner (E4)
Roosevelt (D2)
(D2)
2,194 Lancaster (B3).... 6,059
Eastwood
4,103
BallstonSpa(G2)..
Fruitland(A2)....
5,737
Roselle(D2)
Larchmont (Bl).. 2,468
1,200
Eaton
(E3)
13,541
3,920 Batavia(B2)
Roselle Park (D2) 5,438 Gallup (A3)
3,813
4,795 EUenville (F4) . . . 3,116 La Salle (A2)
970 Bath(G3)
1,658 Gardiner (E2)
Rumson(D3)
2,861
45,393 Lawrence (Bl)
600 Bav Shore (Bl)... 3,400 Elmira(D3)
Rutherford (D2) . 9,497 Hillsboro (B6) ....
4,203
Leroy(B3)
10,996 Elmira Heights
430 Beacon (Bl)
7,435 Hope (E6)
Salem (B4)
2,459
Liberty (F4)
(D3)
1,021
4,
1.000 Belmont (C3)
5,000 Tsleta(C4)
SayreviUe (D3) .
1,800
(Bl)
.
Lindenhurst
Elmsford(Bl)....
1,535
(E3)
66,800
Binghampton
525
^..
5,423 Femes (C3)
Secaucus (D2) .
(F2)...
13,029
Falls
9,500 Little
1,401 Endicott(E3)
,000 Blasdell(B3)
6,718 Laguna(B4)..
Somerville (C2)
4,626 Little Valley (B3) . 1,253
1,146 Fairport(C2)
3,969 Bolivar (B3)
Lascruces (C6)
South Amboy
-1,831
2,742 Liverpool (D2) .
1914 Falconer (A3)
3 ,902 Boonville (E2)
7,897 Las Vegas (D3)
...
(D3)
859 Farmingdale(Bl). 2,091 Livingston Manor
1,100 Brewster (Bl)
Lincoln (D5)
South Boundbrook
1,000
(G3)
Fayetteville (D3) . 1,584
,325 BriarcliS Manor
1,302 Lordsburg (A6)
(C2)
Lockport(B2)....21,308
1,027 Floral Park (B2) . 2,097
(Bl)
Magdalena (B4) . 1,867
South Orange
1,208 Lowville(E2)..... 3,127
Fonda (F2)
650 Bridgehampton
7,274 Manzano (C4)
(D2)
3,300 Lynbrook(Bl).... 4,371
1,500 Forks (B3)
(CI)
1,900
South River (D3).. 6,596 Mesilla(C6)
4,253
1,000 Fort Edward (G2). 3,871 Lyons (D2)
900 Brighton (C2)
Mogollon(A5)
Spring Lake Beach
1,032
2,980 Fort Plain (F3) . . 2,747 McGraw (D3) . .
1,400 Brockport (C2) .
1,009 Mora (D3)
(E3)
7,556
1,383 Frankfort (E2).... 4,198 Malone(Fl)
Stanhope (C2).... 1,031 Mountainair (C4) . 577 Brockton (A3)
3,055 Franklmville (B3) 2,015 Mamaroneck (Bl). 6,571
980 Bron.xville (B2)
10,174 Parkview (C2) ...
Summit (D2)
540 Brooklyn (B2) .2,018,356 Fredonia (A3) .... 6,051 Manchester (C2) . 1,418
1,318 Pecos (D3)
Sussex (CI)
8,599 Manhasset(B2)... 1,050
506,775 Freeport (Bl)
890 Buffalo (B3)
Swedesboro (B4) . 1,838 Penasco(D2)
1,296
1,026 Manlius(D3)
570 Caledonia (C3) ... 1,170 Friendship (B3)..
5,650 Peralta(C4)
Tenafly(E2)
5,993
13,043 Massena(Fl)
Pinos Altos (A6) .. 1,100 Cambridge (G2)... 1,559 Fulton (D2)
Toms River (D4) . 2,200
"
1,941 Garden City (B2) . 2,420 Mattituck (CI) .
1,154 Camden (E2)
Portales(F4)
1
Totowa (D2)
Canaioharie(F3).. 2,415 Gamerville(Al)... 1,300
Puerto de Luma
2,157
i.lOO Canandaigua (C3). 7,356 Geneseo(C3)
(E4)
119,289
(C3)
14,648
3,995 Geneva (D3)
.
650 Canastota (E2)
1,106 Questa(D2)
Tuckerton(D4)..
1,600
2,201 Glasco(F3)
Canisteo(C3)
21,739 Ranches of Taos
Union (D2)
8,664
2,631 Glen Cove (Bl)..
400 Canton (El)
(D2)
Union (D2)....... 1,900
913 Glens Falls (G2) .16,638
5,544 Cape Vincent (Dl)
Raton (E2)
Upper Montclair
4,320 Gloversville (F2).. 22,075
7,033 Carthage (E2) ...
Roswell (E5)
1
(D2)
2.843
564 Castile (B3) ...... 1.013 Cioshen(Al)
2,193 Roy(E3)

2,380
2,597
2,877
2,790
1,600
1,406
4,500
5,801

Tierra Amarilla
(C2)

NEW YORK

NEW MEXICO

ALBANY

TRENTON

VenUior(CS)

..
..

. ..

. ..

153

INDEX OP UNITED STATES

1,147
1,704 Crosby (Al)
945 Hertford (Fl)
Jervis(Al)... 10,171 Victor (C3)
YORK, Cont'd Port
5,076 Devils Lake (F2).. 5,140
5,493 Hickory (A2)
Walden (F4)
Port Washington
3,598 Highpoint(B2).. .14,302 Dickinson (B4)... 4,122
3,200 Walton (E3)
(Bl)
1,096
Millbrook (G4)
803
James City (F2)... 1,200 Edgeley (F4)
4,039 Wappingers Falls
1,200 Potsdam (Fl)
Milton (F4)
1,334
1,219 Ellendale (F4)
3,235 Kemersville(Bl).
(G4)
3,016 Poughkeepsie
Mmeola(Bl)
Enderlin(G4)
1,919
Kings Mountain
35,000 Warrensburg
(G4)
Mineville(Gl).... 2,000
706
2,800 Fairmount (H5)...
(A2)
2,200
(G2)
1,895
2.919 Pulaski (D2)
Mohawk (F3)
21,961
9,771 Fargo (H4)
3,622 Kinston (E2)
1,527 Randolph (B3).... 1,310 Warsaw (B3) ....
Monroe (Al)
731
1,399 Fessenden (E3) ...
2,420 Lagrange (E2)
.
2,093 Warwick (Al)
Monticello (F4) . . 2,330 Ravena (G3)
87S
2,643 GlenuUin (C4)
2,637 Laurinburg (C3)
Rensselaer (G3)... 10,823 Waterford (G3) .
Montour Falls
2,512
1,606 Grafton (G2)
1,560 Rhinebeck(G4)... 1,397 Waterloo (D3).... 3,809 LeaksviUe (CI)
(D3)
3,718 Grand Forks (G3) 14,010
Watertown(D2)..31,28S Lenoir (A2)
1,331 Richfield Springs
Moravia (D3)
5,254 Hankinson(G4)... 1,477
1,255 Lexington (B2)
1,388 Waterville (E3)
(E3)
1,300
Moriah(Gl)
1,590
16,073 Lincolnton(A2)... 3,390 Harvey (D3)
1,000 Watervliet (G3)
Mt. Kisco(Bl) ... 3,944 Ripley (A3)
828
1,010 Hatton(G3)
2,785 Littleton (Dl)
3,312 Riverhead(Cl)... 2,800 Watkins(D3)
Mt. Morris (C3)
1,374
5,270 Louisburg(Dl).... 1,954 Hebron (B4)
Mt. Vernon (Bl).. 42,726 Rochester (C2) .295.750 Waverly (D3)
1,790 Lumberton (D3) . 2,691 Hillsboro(H3).... 1,183
Wayland (C3)
1,148 Rockville Center
Naples (C3)
(F4)..
6,627
Jamestown
(Bl)
1,247
Madison
1,247
Webster
(C3)
6,262
(Bl)
6,964
Newark (C2)
1,446
1,784 Kenmare (B2)
26,341 Weedsport(D2)... 1,379 Marion (C4)
New Berlin (E3)... 1.070 Rome(E2)
959
Newburgh (F4) . J0^66 Roosevelt (B2).... 1,000 Wellsville(C3).... 4,996 Maxton (C3) .... 1,397 Lakota (F2)
,014
Mayodan (Bl)..
1,886 Lamoure (F4)
1,000 West Carthage
Roscoe(F4)
New Hartford
1,228
1,146 Langdon (F2).
(E2)
1,666 Mocksville(B2)..
2,004
1,621 Roseton(F4)
(E2)
1,089
Lariraore
(G3)
....
(B3)
4,084
Monroe
Westfield
(A3)
3,413
2,500
Roslyn(Bl)
New Hyde Park
1,065
4,315 Lidgerwood (G4)
Mooresville (B2)
1,000 Rouses Point (Gl) 1,700 West Haverstraw
(B2)
1,011
2,018 MoreheadCity (F3)2,958 Linton (D4)
(Al)
5,308
New Paltz (F4) . 1,056 Rye(Bl)
1,855
1,200 Morganton (A2) .. 2,867 Lisbon (04)
2,993 West Point (A 1)
Sag Harbor (CI) .
New Rochelle
4,336
Whitehall (G2) ... 5,258 Mountairy (Bl)... 4,752 Mandan(D4)
36,213 St. Johnsville
(Bl)
(A4)
1,318
Marmarth
Olive
(D2)
2,297
Mount
Plains
White
2,469
(F3)
New York
1,218
.
21,031 Newbern(E2)....12,198 Mayville (03)
(Bl)
5,620,048 St. Regis tails
(Bl)
10,476
3,021 Minot(C2)
3,038 Newton (A2)
1,500 Whitesboro (E2)
(Fl)
New York Mills
723
9,276 Williamsville (B3). 1,753 No.Wilkesboro(Al) 2,363 Mott(B4)
2,600 Salamanca CB3>.
(E2)
3,606 NewRockford(E3)2,lll
1,186 Oxford (Dl)
1,083 Wolcott(D2)
Salem (G2)
Niagara Falls
Worcester (F3) .. 1,500 Plymouth (F2).... 1,847 Northwood (G3)
50,760 Saranac Lake
(A2)
(D2)..
24,418
1,600
(Fl)....
5,174 Yonkers(Al).... 100,176 RALEIGH
Norfolk (El)
1,014
Ramseur(C2)
Yorktown Heights
No. Collins (B3) . 1,158 Saratoga Springs
1,250 Randleman (B2) . 1,967
(Bl)
,13,181
(G2)
North Pelham
4,013 Yorkville (E2) . . . 1,512 Red Springs (C3).. 1,018
2,385 Saugerties (F3) .
(B2)
(CI)
Reidsville
...
5,333
3,200
Northport(Bl)... 1,977 Sayville(Bl)
Roanoke Rapids
Scarsdale (B2) .... 3,506
North Tarrytown
3,369
(El)
5,927 Schenectady (F3). 88,723
(Bl)
2,509
1,625 Albemarle (B2) .. . 2,691 Rockingham (C2)
Schuylerville (G2)
North Tonawanda
2,559 Rockymount
4,358 Ashboro(C2)
15,482 Scotia (F3)
(B2)
12,742
(E2)
28,504
Ashville(B4)
2
Northvme(F2).... 1,190 Sea Cliff (Bl)
1,651
Roxboro(Dl)
1,673
6,389 Ayden(E2)
8,268 Seneca Falls (D3)
Norwich (E3)
2,^" Rutherfordton
Sherburne (E3) .. 1,104 Beaufort (F3)
Norwood (Fl)
1,693
(C4)
1,761 Belhaven (F2) . . . 1,816
1,152 SherrilUE2)
Nunda(C3)
2,941 Salisbury (B2).... 13,884
4,444 Shortsville (C3) .. 1,300 Belmont (B2)
Nyack(Bl)
2,977
2,670 Bessemer City (A2) 2,176 Sanford (C2)
1,422 Sidney (E3)
Oakfield(B2)
Neck
Scotland
Ogdensburg(El).. 14,609 Silvercreek(A3)... 3,260 Burlington (CI)... 5,952
2,061
(El)
2,584
20,506 Silver Springs (B3) 1,155 Canton (B4)
01ean(B3)
1,601
Selma(D2)
1,.
.
10,541 Skaneateles (D3).. 1,635 Caroleen (A2)
Oneida (E2)
3,609
1,121 Shelby (A2)
1,791 Chadboum (D3)
11,58
Sloan (B3)
Oneonta(E3)
(D2)
1,895
Smithfield
. .
.
1,483
ChapelhiU
(C2)
.
(Al)
1,150
1,101 Sloatsburg
..
Oriskany (E3)
(D4)
.
1,664
Southport
.
1,329 Charlotte (B2).... 46,338
Oriskany Falls (E3). 1,0 14 Sodus(C2)
2,510
7,352 Cherryville (A2) .. 1,884 Spencer (B2)
10,739 Solvay (D2)
Ossining(Bl)
1,250
1,423 Spray (CI)
23,626 Southampton (CI) 2,891 Clayton (D2)
Oswego (D2)
1,000 Spring Hope (D2). 1,221
Cliffside(A2)
Oswego Falls (D 2). 1,014 South Glens Falls
7,895
2,110 Statesville (B2)
2,158 Clinton (D3)
4,147
(G2)
Owego(D3)
4,568
Tarboro(E2)
9,903
1,590 South Nyack (Bl). 1,799 Concord (B2)
Oxford (E3)
1,600 Cooleemee(B2).... 2,000 Thomasville (B2). 5,676
Southold(Cl)
Oyster Bay (Bl) ..3
1,102
1,397 Troy(C2)
Dallas (A2)
Painted Post (C3) 2,170 Spring Valley
2,648
1,156 Wadesboro (B3)
2
3,818 Davidson (B2)
(Al)
Palmyra (C2)
2,805 Wake Forest (D2). 1.425
Dunn(D2)
(B3)
2,331
4,031
Springville
..
Patchogue(Cl)...
(F2)..
6,314
Washington
21,719
947 Durham (C2)
1,032 Stamford (F3) ....
Pawling (04)
1,500 Waynesville(B4).. 1,942
1,500 Stillwater (G3).... 1,041 E. Durham (D2)
Pearl River (Al)
1,872
Suffem(Al)
3,154 East Spencer (B2). 2,239 Weldon (El)
15,!
Peekskill(Bl)
2,777 W. Durham (Dl).. 2,000
1,056 Syracuse (D3)... 17 1,7 17 Edenton (Fl)
Pelham (B2).
Whiteville(D3).... 1,664
Elizabeth
City
(Bl)...
5,807
Tarrytown
Manor
Pelham
Williamston(E2)..
8,925
(Fl)
1,754 Ticonderoga (G2) . 2,102
(Bl)
1,648 Wilmington (D3).. 33,372
Enfield (El)
PennYan(C3).., 4,51" Tomkms Cove
10,612
1,780 Wilson (D2)
1,200 Farmville(E2)...
4,717
(Al)
Perry (C3)
8,877 Winston-Salem
1,200 Tonawanda (B2) .10,068 Fayetteville (D2)
Phelps (D3)
48,395
(Bl)
2,312
72,013 Forest City (A2)
1,919 Troy(G3)
Philmont(G3) ..
(CI)
.12,871
Gastonia
1,747 Trumansburg (D3) 1,011
Phoenix (D2)....
1,302
1,600 Tuckahoe(Bl).... 3,509 Gibsonville (CI) .
Piermont (Al)
1,009
.11,296 Ashley (E4)
1,600 TupperLake(Fl). 2,508 Goldsboro (D2)
Pine Plains (G4)
1,106
2,336 Beach (A4)
1,328 Tuxedo Park (Al) 2,000 Graham (CI)
Pittsford (C2)
1,157 Greensboro (CI).. 19,861 BISMARCK (D4) 7,122
10,909 Unadilla(E3)
Plattsburg(Gl).
1,172
(D2)
..
Bottineau
Greenville
..
5,772
(E2)
3,303
Pleasantville(Bl). 3,590 Union (D3)
1,111
3,808 Cando(E2)
91,156 Hamlet (C3)
1,035 Utica(E2)
Port Byron (D2)
1,301 Henderson (Dl)... 5,222 Carrington(E3)... 1,420
Port Chester (Bl). 16,573 Valatie(G3)
Casselton(G4).... 1,538
Hendersonville
1,600 Valley Stream
Port Ewen (F4)
819
3,720 Cavalier (G2)
(B4)
2,800
(Bl)
PortHenry (Gl).. 2,183
1,856 Cooperstown (F3). 1,112
1,000 Henrietta (A2)..
Port Jefferson (Bl) 2,800 Verplanck (Bl)

NEW

NOETH CAROLINA

"

NORTH DAKOTA

INDEX OF UNITED STATES

154

OnfO

Cnnf^A

.
.

....

...

..

INDEX OF UNITED STATES

156

2,192 Pitcaim(B3)
5,738 South Greensburg
Westmont (B3) .. 1,976
(B3)
2.645
.. . 5,575 Pittsburgh (B3) .588,343
2,188 W. Newton (B3)
(F3)
18,497 South Renovo (D2) 1,291 W. Pittston (F2)
6,968
1,370 Pittston(F2)
Lock Haven (D2)
Mt. Pleasant (B3). 5,862 Plains (F2)
1,175 South Waveriy
W.Reading (E3).. 2,921
Locustdale(E3)..
16,500
(El)
2,797
Mt. Union (D3)
4,744 Plymouth (E2)
1,251 West View (A3)
Muncy(E2)
2,054 Point Marion (B4) 1,607, Southwest GreensLocust Gap (E3)
W. Wyoming (F2) 1,938
burg (B3)
Lopez (E2)
Munhali(B3)
6,418 Polk(B2)
2,762
2,538 WestYork(E4)... 3,320
Lost Creek (E3)...
Myerstown (E3)
Wheatland (A2)... 1.742
2,385 Portage (C3)
4,804 South Williamsport
Nanticoke(E2)... 22,614 Port Allegany
Luzerne (F2)
(E2)
4,341 Whitaker(B3).. .. 1,881
2,356 Spangler (C3)
Lykens(E3)
2,880 Nanty01o(C3) .. 5,028
(C2)
3,035 White Haven (F2). 1,402
Lyndora(B3)
1,500 Narberth (F4) .
2,882 Spring City (F3)
3,704 Port Carbon (E3)
2,944 White Mills (F2).. 1,450
4,000 Port Keimedy
Springdale (B3)
McAdoo(F3)
4,674 Natrona (B 3)
2,929 Wickboro(B3).... 2,775
(F3)
1,000 Spring GardenWisconisco(E3)... 2,100
McDonald (A3) .. 2,751 Nazareth (F3)
4,288
.
1,050
McKeesport (B3) 46,781 Nescopeck (E2)
1,050
(A3)
1,638 Port Perry (B3)
1,100 Wilcox (C2)
Wilkes-Barre (F2) 73,833
Portvue (B3)
2,538 Spring Grove
McKees Rocks
Nesquehoning
.17,431
16,713
2,000 Pottstown (F3)
(E4)
1,115 Wilkinsburg (B3) 24.403
(A3)
(F3)
Pottsville(E3).. .21,876 Star Junction (B3) 1,500 Williamsburg (C3) 1,872
McSherrytown
New Bethlehem
State College (D3). 2,405 Williamsport (D2). 36, 198
(D4)
1,800
(B3)
1,662 Prospect Park
(F4)
2,536 Steelton(E3)
13,428 WiUiamstown (E3) 2,878
1,200 New Brighton
Madera (C3)
Stoneboro (A2)
1,405 Wilmerding (B3).. 6.441
Mahanoy City
(A3)
9,361 Punxsutawney
3,243
10,311 Stroudsburg(F3).. 5,278 Wilson (B3)
(C3)
15,599 Newcastle (A2) ..44,938
(E3)
Quakertown (F3)
4,391 Sturgeon (A3)
1,200 Winburne (C3)... 1.250
New Cumberland
Mahanoy Plane
9,462
1,093 Sugar Notch (F2). 2,612 Windber(C3)
1,577 Ramey(C3)
(E3)
2,000
(D3)
7,582
Rankin
(B3)
7,301
Summit
Hill
(F3)..
Winton(F2)
5,499
Maltby(F2)
1,200 New Eagle (B 3)..
1,572
1,000 Sunbury (E3)
15,721 Womelsdorf (E3).. 1,331
Malvern (F3).... 1,286 New Holland (E4) 1,453 Rathmel(C2)
1,000 New Hope (F3) .. . 1,093 Reading (F3).... 107,784 Susquehanna (F2). 3,764 Woodlawn(A3).... 12,495
Mammoth (B3)
1,943
3,198 Swarthmore(F4).. 2,350 Wrightsville (E4)
Red Lion (E4)
2,712 New Kensington
Manheim (E3)..
5,877 Swissvale (B3) ...10,908 Wyoming (F2).... 3,582
1,077
11,987 Renovo(D2)
Manor (B3)
(B3)
Republic (B4)
1,000 Swoyers(F2)
1,400 Wyomissing(E3).. 2.062
Mansfield (E2)...
1,609 New Philadelphia
1.200
2,537 Reynoldsville (C2) 4,116 Swoyersville (F2) . 6 876 Yatesboro (B3) .
Marcus Hook
(F3)
47.512
6.037 Sykesville (C2) ... 2,507 York(E4)
1,972 Ridgwav (C2)
5,324 Newport (D3)
(F4)
12,363 Youngsville (B2) . 1,611
1,124 Newtown (03).... 1,703 Ridley Park (F4) . 2,313 Tamaqua(F3)
Marianna (A3)..
2,275
2,379 Tarentum (B3)
8,925 Youngwood (B3)
2,000 Newville(D3)
1,482 Roaring Spr. (C3)
Marienville (B2)
1,000
9,876 Yukon (B3)
1,000 Robesonia (E3) . . 1,203 Taylor (F2)
\,735 Noblestown (A3)
Marietta (E3)
1,870
6,672 Zelienopls (A3)
Norristown (F3) ..32,319 Rochester (A3) ... 6,957 Throop(F2)
Marion Heights
1,362 Tidioute(E2)
1,063
1,874 Northampton (F3) 9,349 Rockwood (B4)
(E3)
ISLAIVD
Roscoe(B3)
1,480 Titusville(B2).... 8,432
1,226 Northampton
Mars(B3;
700
4,269 AIlenton(C3)
1,877
Heights (F3) ... 3,791 Rosemont(F3) ... 1,000 Towanda(E2)
Marysville(D3)..
2,200
Rossiter(C3)
1,500 Tower City (E3)
2,324 Anthony (B2)
1,525 North Belle Vernon
Masontown (B4)
1,500 Trafford (B3)
2,895 Apponaug (C2) . . 1,300
1,535
2,705 Roulette (C2)
Matamoras (G2)
(A3)
4,000
Roya!ton(E3)
1,156 Trainer (F4)
1,367 Arctic (B2)
North Braddock
Mauch Chunk
2,015 Arlington (C2) ... 2,500
14,928 Royersford(F3)... 3,278 Tremont (E3)
3,666
(B3)
(F3)
700
Sagamore (B3).... 2,100 Treveskyn (A3)
2,500 Ashaway (A4)
3,832 North Catasauqua
Mayfield (F2)
2.000
Ashton(Cl)
(B3)
Clair
6,585
1
revorton
(E3)
1,400
St.
.
14,568
2,321
Meadville (A2)
(F3)
970
6,495 Troy(E2)
St. Clair (E3)
1,419 Auburn (C2)
North Charleroi
Mechanicsburg
Barrington (C2) ."3,897
1,931 St. Marj-s(C2).... 6,967 Tunkhannock
4,688
(B3)
(E3)
900
(E2)
1,736 Block Island (B5)
4,109 North East (Bl) .. 3,481 Saltsburg(B3).... 1,01
Media (F4)
"11,375
Saxton(C3).
1.165 Turtle Creek (B3)
8,138 Bristol (D2)
1.932 Northumberland
Mercer (A2)
Centerdale(Cn... 3,000
8,078
Tyrone
9,084
Sayre(E2)
(C3)
4,061
(E3)
Mercersburg (D4). 1,603
2.041 Scalp Level (C3).. 1,690 Union City (B2).. 3,850 Center\'ille(B2)... 2.500
3,716 North Wales (F3)
Meyersdale (C4)
Uniontown (B4).. 15,692 Central Falls (CI) .24. 174
2,239 Schuylkill Haven
Middletown(E3).. 5,920 North York (E3)
5,437 Upland (F4)
(E3)
2,486 Charlestown (B4) . "759
Midland (A3).... 5,452 Norwood Sta. (F4) 2,353
,183 Chepachet (Al) .. 1,200
1,611 Scottdale (B3) .... 5.768 Vanderbilt (B3).
1,744 0akdale(A3)
Mifflinburg (D3)
Scranton(F2)
..137,783
Vandergrift
(B3)
9,531 Coventry (B 2)... "5,670
4.512
Oakmont(B3)
2,936
Millersburg (E3)
3,938 Cranston (C2).... 29,407
21,274 Selinsgrove (E3) .. 1,937 Verona (B3)
1,350 Oil City (B2)
Millersville (E3)
1,800
12,237 Sellersville(F3)... 1,739 Versailles (B3)...
1,936 Crompton (B3) .
1,238 01dforge(F2)
Millhall (D2)
2.053 Cumberland.. .."10,077
1,000 Sewickley(A3).... 4,955 Vintondale(C3)..
Millsboro(B4).... 1,000 Oliver (B4)
1,600 Wall(B3)
2,426 East Greenwich
8,031 CHyphant(F2).... 10,236 Shaft (E3)
Millvale(B3)
"3,290
Shamokin
.21,204
Walnutport(F3)..
1,051
(C3)
(E3).
1,200
1,500
Oneida
(E3)
Milroy(D3)
21,747 Walston(B3)
1,200 East Providence
8,638 Orwigsburg (E3) . 1,985 Sharon (.\2)
Milton (E2)
"21,793
Sharon Hill (F4) . 1.780 Wanamie(E2).... 1,500
(C2)
Miners Mills (F2) . 4,365 Osceola Mills
"1,031
8,921 Warren (B2)
14,272 Exeter (B3)
2,512 Sharpsburg (B3)
(C3)
Minersville (E3) .. 7,845
900
4,674 Warrior Run (F2) . 1,387 Fiskeville(C2)....
2,093 Sharpsville (A2)
3,000 Oxford (F4)
Mkiooka (F2)
"905
Foster
(A
1,525
Washington
(A3)..
2
1)
Sheffield
(C2)
1,480
(F3)
7
Palmerton
...
1,640
Mohnton(E3)
1,000
Georgiaville(Bl).
2,153
3,646 Shenandoah (E3).. 24, 726 Watsontown (E2)
3,838 Palmyra (E3)
Monaca(A3)
990
1,000 Wayne (F3)
3.000 Greenville (Bl)..
Monessen(B3)....18,179 Palo Alto (E3) ... . 1,667 Sheppton(E3)
800
Shickshinny(E2).. 2.289 Waynesboro (D4)
9,720 Greystone(Bl)..
Parkers Landing
Monongahela (.\3)
2,200
Shillington(E3)... 2,175 Waynesburg (A4) . 3,332 Harris%allp(Al).,
(B2)
1,
Montgomery (E2). 1,798
1,200
Hills
Grove
(F3)
.
(C2)
Shinglehouse
(C2).
1,169
Weatherly
2,356
(F4)
.
Parksburg
2,543
.
Montoursville
850
(B2)
(D3)
1,000
Hope
4,372 Webster (B3)
1,949 Parnassus (B3) ... 3,816 Shippensburg
(E2)
1.450
5,628 Silver Creek (F3).. 2,512 Wellsboro (D2) . . 3.452 Hope Valley (A3).
Montrose (F2)..., 1,661 Parsons (F2)
1,800 Wesleyville(Bl).. 1,457 Hopkinton(A4)..."2,316
3,628 Simpson (F2)
Moon Run (A3) . 1,000 Patton(C3)
900
Howard (C2)
1.616 West Brownsville
3,975 Siverlv(B2)
1,400 Peckville (F2)
Moores(F4)
4,014
1,900 Jamestown (C4) ."1,633
1.387 Slatington (F3)
(.\3)
4,364 Peely(F2)
Moosic(F2)
650
4,096 Smethport (C2) .. 1,568 W. Chester (F4)... 11,7 17 Lakewood (C2) ...
1,500 PenArgyI(F3).
Morgan (A3)
Little Compton
3,121 West Conshohocken
2,072 Somerset (B3)
Morris Run (E2) . 1,600 Penbrook(E3)..
"1,389
(D3)
3,125
(F3)
2,331
1,404 Souderton (F3) .
3,639 Pennsburg (F3)
Morrisville (03)
1.019 South Allentown
West Easton (F3) 1,408 Lonsdale (CI) .... 4,000
1,212 PennsSta. (B3).
Mortan(F4)
700
2,549 W. Fairview (D3)
1,800 L>Tnansville (CI)
(F3)
3,150
Perkasie(F3)...
Mt. Braddock
4,700
Westfield (D2).... 1,303 Manville (CI)
South Brownsville
1,000 Philadelphia
(B4)
(B4)
4,675 Westgrove (F4)... 1,152 Middletown (D3) "2,094
1,823,779
(F4)
Mt. Carmel(E3)..17,469
W. Hazelton (E3) 5,854 Narragansett Pier
Philipsburg (C3) . 3,900 South Connellsville
Mt. Holly Springs
"1,250
(C4)
2,196 W. Homestead (B3) 3,435
(B2)
1,109 Pha'nix\'ille (F3) .10,484
(D3)
Mt.Jewett(C2)... 1,494 Pinegrove (E3) ... 1,778 Southfork (C3)... 4,239 W. Middlesex (A2) 1,340 Natidt(C2)...... 2.400

PENNA.,

Cont'd

Littlestown CD4)

1,552
8,557
1,000
1,700
1,250
1,500
5,998

Mt. Joy (E3)

Mt. Oliver (A3)

Mount Penn

RHODE

_.

.
.. ..

...

. .

..

INDEX OF UNITED STATES

B.

I.,

Kingstree (H4) ... 2,074 Lennox (H4)

Lake City (H4) .. 1,606 Madison (G4)
30.255 Lancaster (F2)
.
3,032 Menno(G4)

1,074

Cont'd

Newport (C4)

4,144

918

1.050 Laagley(DS)
No. Scituate (R2)
No. Tiverton (D3). 1,650 Latta(J3)
650 Laurens (C3)
Norwood (C2)
3,000 Leesville (D4)
PascoaK(Al)
Pawtucket(Cl) ..64.248 Liberty (B2)
Peace Dale (B4)... 1,550 Lockhart(E2)
Phenix (B2)
3,000 McColl(H2)
Phmipsdale(Cl)..
700 Manning (G4)
1,900
PonUac(152)
Marion (J3)
Portsmouth (n3).. "2,590 Mcggett(G6)

1,400
1,079
4,629
1,216
1,705
1,000
2,129
2,022
3,892
1,000

PROVIDENCE

Moultrieville(H6). 1,011
237.595
Mt. Pleasant (H6).. 1,575
"1.301
Richmond
Muliins(J3)
2,379
3,500 Newberry (D3)
River Point (C2)
..
5,894
Riverside (C2).... 2,000 New Brookland
990
Saylesville(Cl)...
(E4)
1,793
(CI)

Slatersville(Bl)...

1,850

Smithfield(Bl)... "3,199
900
Thornton (C2)....
Tiverton (D3).... "3,894
Valley Falls (CI) . 5,000
Wakefield (B4) ... 2,750
"7,841
Warren (D2)
."13,481
Warwick (C2)
660
Washington (B2)..
.

W. Barrin?toQ (D2) 900

.."9,952
W. Warwick (C2) "15,461
1,050
Wickford (C3)
Woonsocket (CI). .43,496

Westerly (A4)

SOUTH CAROLINA
Abbeville (C3).... 4,57C
4,103
Aiken (D4)
Allendale (E5) ... . 1,893
Anderson (B3).... 10,570
1,968
Andrews (J5)
Bamberg (E5) ... 2,210
1,903
Barnwell (E5)
.
2,848
Batesburg (E4)
Beaufort (F7)
2,831
1.78G
Belton(B2)
Bennettsville (H2) 3,197
Bishopville (G3) . 2,090
.

3,150
5,557
4,500
3,767
1,608

COLUMBIA
37,524

(F4)

York (El)

PIERRE

(D3)..

Plankinton (F4).
Platte (F4)

Rapid City (A3)

Redfield (F3)

Salem (G4)

1,853
1,847
1,955 Alcoa (G4)

TENNESSEE

2,322 Altonpark (E4) .

1,822 Athens (F4)
2,396 Binghamton (A4).
2,731 Bolivar (B4)
.

SOUTH DAKOTA
Alexandria (G4)..
Arlington (G3)..

Bristol (H3)

Brownsville (A4)

965 Clarksville(C3)...
1,011 Cleveland (F4)....
1,045 Clinton (G3)
1,616 Coal Creek (F3)...
1,519 Columbia (D4)
Cookeville (E3)

976 Copper Hill (F4)

1,105 Covington (A4)

Clearlake(H3)....
Dallas (E4)
Dead wood (A3)

1,100
5,065
4,579
Graniteville(D4).. 2,500
Greenville (C2)... 23,127
Greenwood (C3) .. 8,703
2,292
Greer (C2)
HartsviUe (0.3)
3,624
1,900
Honeapath (B3)

(C2)

Gaffney(Dl)
Georgetown (J5)

8,110
6,522
1,409
1,204

5,526
2,395

1,701

2,263
1,007
1,465
1,250
.

Englewood(F4)... 1,271

Erwin(H3)
2,965
569 Etowah (F4)
2,516
1,470 Fayetteville (D4) . 3,629
872 Franklin (D4)
3,123
1,200 Gallatin (D3)
2,757
1,929 Greeneville (H3).. 3,775
894 Greenfield (B3) .. 1,474
715 Halls (A4)
1,400
Geddes(F4)
695 Harriman (F4)
4,019
Gettysburg (E2)
951 HartsviUe (D3). .. 1,023
Gregory (E4)
1,067 Henderson (B4)..
1,181
Groton (F2)
1,273 Humboldt (A4) ..
3,913
Hartford (G4) ...
677 Huntingdon (B4).. 1,121
Highmore (E3).
1,022 Jackson (B4)
18,860
Hot Springs (A4)
2,141 Jefferson City (G3) 1,414
Howard (G3)
1,325 Jellico(F3)
1,878
Huron (F3)
8,302 Johnson City (H3) 12,442
Ipswich (E2)
909 Kingsport (H3)
5,692
Kimball (F4)
713 Knoxville(G4).... 77,818
Lake Preston (G3). 1,008 Lafollette(G3).... 3,056
Lead (A3)
5,013 Lawrenceburg (C4) 2,461
Lemmon (B2)
1,126 Lebanon (D3)
4.084
.

Fountain Inn

8,047
3,062

835 Dyersburg (A3)

6,444
705 East Chattanooga
2,403
(E4)
4,720
1,677 Elizabethton(H5). 2,749
1,035
1,254

3,500
(G6)
2,000
10,968
Florence (H3)
Fort Mill (Fl).... 1,946

1,673
1,031

1,102

Enoree(D2)

3,358
3,020
2,580

3,410

3,924 Dayton (E4)

Canton (H4)
2,225 Dickson (C3)
Centerville (H4) .. 1,104 Dresden (B3)
Chamberlain (E4). 1,303 Dunlap(E4)
Clark (G3)
1,392 Dyer (A3)

1,000 Dell Rapids (H4).

1,969 Desmet (G3) ....
Conway (J 4)
1,284 Edgemont (A4)
Cowpens(D2)
Darlington (H3) .. 4,669 Egan (H4)
Denmark (E5).... 1,254 Elkpoint (H5)
2,205 Elkton(H3)
Dillon (J3)
3,568 Eureka (E2)
Easley (B2)
Eau Claire (F4) .. 2,566 Flandreau (H3)
Edgefield (C4)
1,865 Freeman (G4)..
Edisto Island
Garretson (H4)

4,210 Canadian (B2)

2,711 Canyon (A2)
1,792 Carthage (E3)
1,215 Center (E4)

2,187
1,618
1 ,366
1,838
1,200
5,003

630 Chico(D3)
McMinnville (E4). 2^814 Childress (B2)
Manchester (E4).. 1,114 lChilllcothe(C2)... 1,351
Martin (B3)
2,837 Cisco (C3)
7,422
Maryville (G4)
3,739 Clarendon (B2) ..
2,456
'

Memphis (A4)... 162 ,351

Clarksville (E3)
3,386
2,057 Cleburne (D3)
12,820
1,445 Clifton (D4)
1,327
5,875 Coleman (C4)
2,868
2,093 Colorado (B,3)
1,766
5,367 Columbus (D5)
2,000
NASHVILLE
Comanche (C4)
3,524
(D3)
118,342 Commerce (E3)
3,842
Newborn (A3)
1,767 Conroe (E4)..
858
Newport (G4)
2,753 Cooper (E3)
2,563
North Chattanooga
Corpus Christ!
(E4)
(D6)
2,196
10,522
Oakdale(F3)
1,552 Corsicana (D3) ... 1 1 ,356
Obion (A3)
1,376 Cotulla(C5)
1,058
Paris (B3)
4,730 Crockett (E4)
3,061
Pulaski (C4)
2,780 Crowell(C3)
1,175
Ripley (A4)
2,070 Cuero(D5)
3,671
Rockwood (F4) . . 4,652 Dalhart(Al)
2,676
Rogersville(G3)... 1,402 Dallas (D3)
158.976
St. Elmo (E4)
3,890 Dayton (E4)
2,000
Shelbyville (D4) . 2,912 Decatur (D3)
2,205
Soddy(E4)
1,200 DeLeon(C3)
3,302
Somerville (A4)
1,106 Del Rio (B5)
10,589
South Fulton (A3). 1,650 Denison(D3)
17,065
So. Pittsburg (E4) 2,356 Denton (D3)
7,626
Sparta (E4)
1,517 Desdemona (C3)
3,008
Spring City (E4)
1,001 Detroit (E3)
2,000
Springfield (C3)..
3
Donna (C6)
1,579
Sweetwater (F4)
1,972 Dublin (C3)
3,229
Tiptonville (A3).., 1,050 Eagle Lake (D.S)
2,017
Tracy City (E4).. 2,669 Eagle Pass (B5).... 5,765
Trenton (A4)
2,75
Eastland (C3)
9,368
Tullahoma(E4)... 3,479 Edna(D5)
1,700
Union Citv(B3).. 4,412 Edinburg (C6)
1,406
Waverly(C3)
1,054 ElCampo(D5). .. 1,766
Winchester (D 4) . 2,230 Electra(C2)
4,744
Elgin(D4)
1,630
El Paso (A6)
77,560
Abilene (C3)
10,274 Ennis (D3)
7,224
Alba(E3)
1,352 Falfurrias(C6).... 1,600
Albany (C3)
1,469 Farmersville (D3)
2,167
Alice (C6)....
Ferris (D3)
1,586
Alvarado(D3)
1,284 Floresville (C3)
1,518
Alvin(ES)
1,519 Forney (D3)
1 ,345
Alvord(D3)
1,376 Ft. Stockton (A4)
1,297
Amarillo(A2)
15,494 Ft. Worth (D3).. 106,482
Angleton(E5)
1,043 Franklin (D4)
1,131
Anson (C3)
1,425 Fredericksburg
Aransas Pass (D6). 1,569
(C4)
2,900
Arlington (D3).... 3,031 Freeport(E5)
1,798
Athens (E3)
3,176 Gainesville (D3)
8,648
Atlanta (E3)
1,469 Galveston (E5)
.44,255
AUSTIN (D4).... 34,876 Gatesville (D4)
2,499
Baird(C3)
1,902 Georgetown (D4)
2,871
Ballinger (C4)
2,767 Giddings (D4)
1 ,650
Bartlett (D4)
1,731 Gilmer (E3)
2,268
Bastrop (D4)
1,828 Glen Rose (D,3) ..
1,400
Bay City (D5)
3,454 Goldthwaite (C4)
1,214
Beaumont (E4)... 40,422 Goliad (D5)
2,100
Beeville (D5)
3,063 Gonzales (D5)
3,128
Belton(D4)
5,098 Gorman (C3)
3,200
Big Spring (B3) ..
4,273 Graham (C3)
2,544
Bonham(D3)
6,008 Granbury (D3)
1,364
Bowie (C3)
3,179 Grand Saline (E3). 1,528
Brackettville (B5). 1,800 Grand View (D3).. 1,084
Brady (C4)
2,197 Granger (D4)
1,944
Breckenridge(C3). 1,846 Grayburg(E4).... 1,406
Brehara (D4)
5,066 Greenville (E3)... 12,384
Bridgeport (C3)... 1,872 Groesbeck (D4)..
1,522
Brownsville (D7).. 11,791 Groveton (E4)..
1,103
Brown wood (C4).. 8,223 Hallettsville (D5)
1,444
Bryan (D4)
6,307 Hamilton (C4)
2,018
Caldwell (D4)
1,689 Hamlin (B3)
1,633
Calvert (D4)
2,099 Harlingen (D6)
.
1,784
Cameron (D4) ... . 4,298 Haskell (C3)
2,300
.

803 Milan (B4)

1,242 Monterey (E3)....
5,777 Morristown (G3) .
2,755 Mt. Pleasant (C4).
1,187 Murfreesboro (D4)

Aberdeen (F2).... 14,537 Chattanooga (E4) 57,895

Converse (Dl)

Mobridge(D2)
Parker (G4)
Parkston(G4)

Walterboro (F6) ..
Westminster (A2)
Whitmire(D2)..,.
Williamston (B2)..
Winnsboro(E3)...
Woodruff (C2)....

Chester (E2)
Clifton (D2)
Clinton (D3)
Clover (El)

2,215
1,478
8,478
3,517
1,288
1,230
3,209

Miller (E3)
Mitchell (F4)

Scotland (G4)
1,234
Sioux Falls (H4).. 25,202
Sisseton(G2)
1,431
Speariish (A3)
1,254
.
North Augusta
Springfield (F5)....
719
(D5)
1,742 Sturgis(A3)
1,250
Orangeburg (F4) . 7,290 Tripp (G4)
970
Pelzer(C2)
5,500 Tyndall(G4)
1,405
Piedmont (B2).... 4,000, Vermilion (G5)... 2,590
Rockhill (E2)
8,809lWagner (F4)
1,236
Matthews
St.
|Watertown (G3). . 9,400
(F4)
1,780 Waubay(G2)
979
Seneca (B2)
1,460 Webster (G2)
l,f
Spartanburg (C2). 22,638 Wessington
Summerville (G5) 2,550
Spring (F3) . .
1,618
Sumter (G4)
9,508 Winner (E4)
2,000
Timmonsville (H3) 1.860 Woonsocket
Union (D2)
6,141
(F4)
1,368
Walhalla (A2)
2,<
Yankton (G5) .
5,024

Armour (F4)
Blacksburg(Dl).. 1,512 Bellefourche (A3)
Blackville (E5) ... 1,421 Beresford(H4)...
Branchville (F5) . 1,814 Bowdle(E2)
1,200 Bridgewater (G4)
Buffalo (D2)
3,930 Britton(G2)
Camden (F3)
Charleston (H6)... 67,957 Brookings (H3) ..

Cheraw(H2)

Milbank(H2)

157

Lenoir City (F4)

Lewisburg (D4)
Lexington (B4).
Livingston (E3).
McKenzie (B3)

TEXAS

..
..

INDEX OP UNITED STATES

158

TEXAS,

UTAH

Hearne (D4)
Hempstead (E4)
Henderson (E3)... 2,273
.

Richmond (E5)

1,273

Henrietta (C3).... 2,563

2,700
1,696 Rio Grande (C6)
Hereford (A2) ...
2,323
1,635 Rockdale (D4)
Hico(D4)
HilIsboro(D4).... 6,952 Rockport(D5).... 1,545
2,500 Rockwall (D3).... 1,388
Hondo (C5)
1,256
Honey Grove (E3). 2,642 Rogers (D4)
1,516
Houston (E5).. ..138,276 Rosebud (D4)
Houston Hts. (ES) 6,984 Rosenberg (E5) .. 1,279
1,000
Hubbard (D4) ... 2,072 Rotan(B3)
3,000 Royyjaty(D3).. 1,289
Humble (E5)
1,070
4,689 Runge(D5)
Huntsville (E4)
2,348
Iowa Park (C3) .. 2,041 Rusk(E4)
1,458
1,350 Sabinal(C5)
Italy (D3)
10,050
1,599 San Angelo (B4)
Itasca (D3)
Jacksboro(C3).... 1,373 San Antonio
161,379
(E4)..
3,723
(C5)
Jacksonville
2,549 San Augustine
Jefferson (E3)
1,268
(E4)
Kaufman(D3).... 2,501
1,500 San Benito (D6).. 5,070
Kemp(E3)
2,015 San Marcos (D4).. 4,527
Kenedy (D5)
...
2,011
2,353
San
Saba
(C4)
Kerrville (C4)
1,407
1,298 Santa Anna (C4)
Killeen(D4)
1,300
4,770 Saratoga (E4)
KingsviUe (D6)
1,165 Schulenburg
Kirbyville (F4)
1,246
1,713
(D5)
Ladonia (E3)
1,700
La Grange (D5)... 1,669 Sealy(D5)
..

3,631
1,188 Seguin(D5)
2,121
2,107 Seymour (C3)
15,031
1,190 Sherman (D3)
1,300
22,710 Shiner (D5)
Laredo (C6)
1,058
1,382 Sinton(D5)
Leonard (D3)
3,204
1,645 Smithville (D5)
Llano (C4)
2,179
Lockhart(DS).... 3,731 Snyder (B3)
1,879
5,713 Somerville(D4)..
Longview (E3)
3,032
1,093 Sourlake(E4)
Lott(D4)
3,704
4,051 Stamford (C3) ...
Lubbock (B3)
1,400
4,878 Stanton (B3)
Lufkin(E4)
1,502 Stephenville (D3) . 3,891
Luling(D5)
1,194 Stockdale(D5).. .. 1,250
'Lyra(C3)
2,457
5,331 Strawn(C3)
McAllen(C6)
McGregor (D4) .. 2,081 Sulphur Sprs. (E3) 5,558
McKinney(D3)... 6,677 Sweet Water (B3) 4,307
5,965
1,700 Taylor (D4)
Mabank(E3)
3,306
Madisonville (E4). 1,079 Teague(D4)
11,033
Magnolia (E4).... 4,080 Temple (D4)
8,349
3,553 Terrell (D3)
Marfa(A6)
4,310 Texarkana(E3).. .11,480
Marlin(D4)
Marshall (E3) ... .14,271 Texas City (E5)... 2,509
4,500
3,105 Thurber(C3)
Mart (D4)
1,526
1,200 Timpson(E4)
Mason (C4)
1,052
Memphis (B2) ... 2,839 Toyah(B6)
1,363
Mercedes (D6).... 3,414 Trinity (E4)
1,258
1,810 Troup (E3)
Merkel(B3)
1,189
3.482 Tulia(B2)
Mexia(D4)
12,085
1,795 Tyler (E3)
Midland (B4)
3,885
2,299 Uvalde (C5)
Mineola(E3)
~
1.'
Alstyne(D3)..
1,588
Van
Mineral Wells (C3)
1,500
Velasco(E5)
3,
Mission (C6)
5,14
Mt. Pleasant (E3). 4,099 Vernon (C2)
5,957
1,212 Victoria (D5)
Mt. Vernon (E3)
38,500
Nacogdoches (E4) 3,546 Waco(D4)
Navasota(E4).... 5,060 Walnut Sprs. (D3). 1,449
Waxahachie (D3) . 7,958
New Braunfels
5,203
3,590 Weatherford (C3)
(C5)
1,452 Wellington (B2)... 1
Newcastle (C3) ..
1,629
1.124 West (D4)
NLTOn(D5)
2,346
(E5)
1,422
Wharton
Nocona(D3)
1,164 Whitesboro (D3).. 1,810
01ney(C3)
9,212 Whitewright
Orange (F4)
1,666
(D3)
1,357
Paducah(B2)
1,335 Wichita Falls
Palacios(D5)
40,079
1,039
(E4)....l
(C3)
Palestine
"
15,040 Wills Point (E3)... 1
Paris (E3)
2,161 Winnsboro(E3)... 2,184
Pearsall(C5)
1,509
1,445 Winters (C3)
Pecos (B6)
Pilot Point (D3) .. 1,499 Wolfe City (E3)... 1,859
6
Pittsburg (E3)...: 2,540 Yoakum (D5)
1,723
Plainview(B2).... 3,989 Yorktown (D5)
2,000
1.715 Ysleta(A6)
Piano (D3)

Lamesa(A3)
Lampasas (D4)
Lancaster (D3)

..

2,

2,763 Hartford (C.^)

1,827 Highgate(Bl)

Bingham Canyon

Pond
2,676 Ludlow (B4)
Island

"4,739 Emporia (E4)

1,
"1,528 Falls Church (E2)
1,
(Dl). 1,837 Farmville (D3) ... 2,
.

(B3)
1,732
Bountiful (C3).... 2,063 Lyndonville (Dl).. 1,878
5,282 Middlebury (A2).. 1,993
Brigham(C2)
Castlegate(D4)... 1,120 Montgomery (Bl)."l,721
Cedar City (A6)... 2,462 MONTPELIER
Ephraim(C4)
2,287
7,125
(C2)
3,608 Morrisville(Bl)... 1,707
Eureka (B4)

Fairview(C4)
Farmington(B3)..

1,423 New Haven (A2).." 1,001

1,170 Newport (CI)
4,976
1,490 Northfield (B2) .. 1,916
-

Fillmore (BS)

Fountain Green

North Troy (CI)..

1,169 Norwich (C3),

(C4)
Grantsville (B3)..

1,0
,092,

1,213 Orleans (CI)

1,358
1,931 Pawlet(A4)
"1,413
Helper (D4)
1,606 Poultney (A3)
1,371
Huntington (C4).. 1,285 Pownal(A5)
"1,599
1,858 Proctor (A3)
Hyrum(C2)
2,692
3,078 Randolph (B3).. .. 1,819
Lehi (C3)
1,645 Richford(Bl)
Lewiston (C2)
1,995
9,439 Rochester (B3) .. ."1,397
Logan (C2)
2,412 Royalton (B3)
Manti(C4)
"1,469
.
2,209 Rutland (B3)
Midvale(B3)
14,954
1,308 St. Albans (Al)
Milford(B5)
7,588
1,719 St. Johnsbury (D2) 7,164
Monroe (B5)
1,355 Saxtons River
Moroni (C4)
Mt. Pleasant
(B4)
1,000
2,415 Shaftsbury (AS)... "1,534
(C4)
4,584 Shelburne(A2).... "997
Murray (C3)
2,603 Sheldon (Bl)
Nephi(C4)
"1,473
32,804 So. Royalton (B3)
Ogden(C2)
1,100
1,473 Springfield (C4)...
Panguitch (B6)
5,283
Park City fC3).... 3,393 Swanton(Al)
1,371
1,640
Parowan(B6)
Vergennes (A2) .. 1,609
Payson(C3)
3,031 WartJngford (A4) ."1,581

Heber(C3)

Pleasant Grove
(C3)
Price (D4)
Providence (C2)
Prove (C3)
Richfield (C5)
Richmond (C2) ..

F'ortress

Monroe

(F4)

2,

Franklin (E4)
Fredericksburg
(E2)
Fries (A4)
Front Royal (D2) .
Galax (B4)
Graham (A3)
Hampton (F3)....
Harrisonburg (C2)
Jlopewell (E3)....
Lawrenceville
(E4)
Leesburg (El) ...
Lexington (C3)
(

1,
1,

Martinsville (B4).

4,
1,

National Soldiers

Hoaie (F3) ....

Newport News

3,

(F4)

35,

Norfolk (F4)

115

Norton (B2)
Onancock (G3)
Penniman (F3)

3
...

1,

...

2,

Petersburg (E3)... 30

Phoebus (F3)
Pinners

(1^4)

Pocahontas (A3)

RICHMOND

10,303 Williamstowa
3,262
(B2)
1,396 Windsor (C4)

"1,526
3,061

(E3)

Roanoke (B3).

Sandy (C3)

Shenandoah (D2)

VntGINIA
1,208
2,421 Abingdon (B2).... 2,532
Smithfield (C2)
Spanish Fork (C3). 4,036 Alexandria (E2)... 18,060
3,010 AltaVista (C3) ...
Springville(C3)..
1,206
2,072 Appalachia (Bl).. 2,036
Sunnyside (D4)
3,602 Arlington (F2).... 1,000
Tooele (B3)
1,309 Ashland (E3)
Vernal (E3>
1,299
Wellsville(C2).... 1,298 Basic (D2)
2,21?
Bedford City (C3). 3,24 J
Berkley (F4)
5,200
1,138
Arlington (A4).... "1,370 Berry ville (El)
"1,685 Bigstone Gap (B2) 3,009
Barnet(C2)
10,008 Blacksburg (B3).. 1.095
Barre(C2)
Barton (CI)
1,187 Blackstone (D3) .. 1,497
6,729
Bellows Falls (C4). 4,860 BristoKBI)
Bennington (A5)
7,230 Buenavista (C3) .. 3,911
"1,782 Cape Charles (F3) 2,517
Bethel (B3)
Brandon (A3)
1,631 Charlottesville
10,688
(D2)
Brattleboro (B5) . 7,324
1,251 Chase City (D4) .. 1,646
Bristol (A2)
1,171
Burlington (A2)... 22,779 Chatham (C4) ...
Castleton (A3). ..."1,919 Chincoteague
Island (G3)
1,418
Charlotte (A2).. .."1,160
"1,087 Christiansburg (B3) 1,64
Chelsea (C3)
2,300
Danville (C2).... "1,494 Clarendon (E2) ..
"1,226 Clifton Forge (C3). 6,164
Dorset (A4)
Colonial Beach (E2) 1,093
Enosburg Falls
5,623
(Bl)
1,236 Covington (B3)
2,097
Essex Jet. (A2).... 1,410 Crewe (D3)
1,819
"1,244 Culpeper (D2)
Fairfax (Bl)
"1,532 Damascus (CI)... 1,599
Fairfield (Al)
21,539
Danville
(C4)
2,182
Fairhaven (A3)
1,795
Ferrisburg(A2)... "1,338 Dendron(F3)
.

VERMONT

1,

2,

Narrows (B3)

Saltville (C2)
Schoolfield (C4)

1,

6,
S,

Luray(D2)
1,
Lynchburg (C3)... 30,
Manassas (E2)
1,
Marion (C2)
3,

SALT LAKE
CITY (B3).... 118,110

1,

2,

171
.50

George (A6).... 2,215 Winooski (Al)

4,932 Rockvmount (C4)
Salina(C5)
1,451 Woodstock (B3)... 1,252 Salem (B3)

2,

St.

5,

2,

Waterbury (B2)... 1,515 Port Norfolk (F4) 1

1,682 W.Rutland (A3).. "3,391 Portsmouth (F4)..54,
2,364 White River Junc5,
Pulaski (A3)
1,132
4,
2.500 Radford (B3)
tion (C3)

3,

Graniteville (C2)..

"1.075 East Falls Church

(E2)
1,076

Hardwick(C2).... 1,550 East Radford (B3)

Georgia (B4)

Polytechnec (D3) 4,338

Port Arthur (F5).. 22, 251
American Fork
2,741 Port Lavaca (D5). 1,213
(C3)
3,691
2,600 Quanah(C2)
(B5)
16,205 Beaver
Ranger (C3)

Cont'd

4
2,

..3,

Smithfield (F4) ..

1,
1,

So. Boston (D4)...

So. Norfolk (F4) ..

4,

Staunton (C2)....

10,

Suffolk (F4)

7.

9,

Tazewell (CI)....

Toano(F3)

1,
1,

Victoria (D3)

1,

Vinton (C3)

2,

Warrenton (E2)..
Waverly(E3)
Waynesboro (C2)
West Norfolk (F4).
.

1,

1,
1,
1,

Y/estpoint (F3) ...

Williamsburg (F3)
Winchester (Dl)..
Woodstock (D2)
Wytheville(B4)...

2,

6,
1,

2,

WASHINGTON
Aberdeen (B2)....

15,

Anacortes (CI) ...

Arlington (Dl)

5,

Auburn (C2)

3,

1,

Bellingham(Cl)..25,
Blaine (CI)

2,

Bremerton (C2)..
Buckley (D2)

8,
1,

Burlington (CI)..
Camas (C4)
Centralia (C3)
Charleston (C2)...
.

1,

7,

1,

3,

flTOEX
WASH.,

Cont'd
4,558

Chehalis(C3)
Cheney (H2)

Chewelah(Hl)
Clarkston (H3)

1,252
1,288
1,859
2,661
3,027 Eskdale(D4)

...

CleElum(E2)....

Colfax (H3)
1,71
Colville(Hl)
1.512
Cosmopolis (B3)
Davenport (G2)... 1,112
2,695
Dayton (Hi)
Ellensburg(E3)... 3,967

OP UNITED STATES

2,527
Charlestown (L2)
3,283
Chester (K4)
Clarksburg (F2)... 27,867
1,263
Clendenin (D3) .
2,491
Davis (H2)
6,788
Elkins (G3)
Elm Grove (K5).. 1,899
.

1,003
17, 851

Fairmont (F2)....

Follansbee(K5)... 3,135
1,038
Fulton (K5)

Gassaway (E3) ... 1,518

8,517
Grafton (F2)
1,253 Harrisville(D2)... 1,036
1,378 Hinton(E5)
3;912

Elma(B2)
Enumclaw(D2)...

27,644
Everett (CI)
Goldendale (E4) .. 1,274
3,942
Hillyard(H2)
10,058
....
(A2)
Hoquiam

HollidaysCove(LS)l,213
Huntington (B3) .50,177
6,0U3
Keyser (J2)
Keystone (DO).... 1,839
1,228 Kimball (D6)
1,428

Kalama(C3)

2,228

Kelso (C3)

Kingwood (Gl)

Kennewick(F3)... 1,684 Lewisburg (F5)

2,282 rogan(C5)

Kent(C2)

Kirkland (C2)
Leavenworth (E2)
.

1,354
1,791
1,244
1,244
2,545
1,675

Lynden(Cl)
Marysville

(CD

..

Medical Lake(H2)
Monroe (D2)

2,158
Montesano (B2)
Mt. Vernon (CI).. 3,341
.

0LYMP1A(B2)..

7,795
1,179
3,362
1,804
Port Angeles (Bl). 5,351
Port Blakeley
1,950
(C2)
Port Townsend
2,847
(Bl)
1,697
Prosser(F3)...
2,440
Pullman (H3)..
6,323
Puyallup (C2)
4,260
Raymond (B3),
3,301
Renton(C2)...
1,900
RitzviUe (G2)
2,673
Roslyn(E2)
315,312
Seattle (C2)

Palouse(H3)
Pasco (F3)
Pomeroy (H3)

Sedro Woolley
3,389
(CI)
Snohomish (D2).. 2,985
1,948
South Bend (A3)
Spokane (H2).... 104,437
.

Sumner (C2)
Sunnyside (F3)

1,417
1,202

2,998
3,356
McMechen (K6)
Mabscott(D5).... 1,114
Mannington (Fl). 3,673
1,177
Marlinton (F4)
Martinsburg (K2) 12,515
1,023
Milton (B4)
Monongah(F2)... 2,031
Montgomery (D4). 2,130
Morgantown (Gl).12,127
Moundsville (K6) 10,669
Mount Hope (D5) 1,989
1,425
Mullens (D5)
.

New

Cumberlantl
(K4)

1,816

New Martinsville
2,341
1,705

(Dl)

PadenCityCEl)..

Parkersburg
20,050
(D2)
2,001
Parsons (G2)
1,654
Pennsboro(D2)..
1,543
Philippi(G2)
.

Piedmont

2,835
3,059
Princeton (E6).... 6,224
Ravenswood (C3) 1,284
(J 1)....

Pt. Pleasant (B3)

Richwood(F4).... 4,331

1,061
1,028
Ronceverte (F5) .. 2,319
1,499 Rowlesburg (G2)
1,225
1,809 St. Albans (C4) .. . 2,825
.
96,965 St. Marys (D2) ..
1,648
1,520
2,920
.

Rivesville(Fl)....

Romney(J2)

Tacoma (C2)
Tekoa(H2)

3,120
Toppenish (E3)
Vancouver (C4).. 12,637
Waitsburg(H3)... 1,174
Walla Walla

3,238

15,503
1,198

3,650

(G3)
Waterville (E2)

Wenatchee(E2)... 6,324

Yakima

(E3)

18,539

WEST VmCINIA

1,063
1,079

1,798

3,016
5,165

159

Descriptive Gazetteer
of the

Principal Countries of the

Copyright C.

S.

Hammond &

ABYSSINIA
A

native kingdom of East Africa, sepaThe Country.

rated from the Red Sea by Italian, French and British coloIt is mainly a
nies; area about 350,000 square miles.
plateau varying from 4,000 ft. to 8,000 ft. high. Minerals
abound, including gold, silver, iron, rock salt and coal.
Government. Abyssinia is ruled by an emperor and
political institutions essentially feudal.

Commerce and Industry. Abyssinia is an agricultural

and grazing country varying in climate and products. In
the south, cotton does well, while further north, coffee is
Sugar is grown in the south and oranges, indigo and bananas are abundant. The forests produce
ebony, mahogany and other hard woods, as well as acacia

indigenous.

and bamboo.

In the northwest

is

a district famous for

exports mainly consist of coffee, skins and

hides, bees-wax, ivory, rubber, butter and herbs.
Communications. The main avenue of trade is the

cattle.

The

French-Ethiopian Railway which runs from the port of

Djibouti, in French Somaliland to the Abyssinian capital,
Addis Abeba, a distance of 490 miles. In the West and
north, goods are exported via Khartum.
Principal Towns. The principal towns are Addis Abeba,
the capital; Harar, Adowa, Gondar, Ankober and Gambela.

AFGHANISTAN
The Country.
sian frontier to

The length of Afghanistan from the Perthe Khyber Pass is about 600 miles and

the extreme width north to south about 500 miles, estimated area being 245,000 square miles. It is mainly
mountainous, broken by deep ravines and fertile valleys.
Government. Afghanistan is an absolute monarchy.
The country is divided into provinces, each ruled by a governor responsible to the Ameer.
Commerce and Industry. Climate and products are
those of temperate regions, varying in altitude, permitting
cultivation in the south of tobacco, cotton and fruits. The
spring crop consists of wheat, barley and lentils and the
autumn harvest produces rice, millet, sorghum, tobacco
and corn. Cotton goods, indigo, tea and sugar are the
chief articles of import and the wool and skins of fat-tailed
sheep, cattle, horses, timber, fruit, silk and drugs are the

Co.,

World

N. Y.

Towns. The principal towns are Kabul, the

capital, 6,396 feet above sea level; Herat, the chief to^-n in
the west, an important depot for the carpets of central
Asia; Kandahar, the chief city in the south; Ghanzi, Jelalabad and Faizabad.
Principal

ALBANIA
Albania is a mountainous country on the
western side of the Balkan peninsula, with an area of about
11,000 square miles. It is independent, but under the
In the center, part of the
political influence of Italy.

The Country.

plateau is cultivable and in the south there is fertile alluvial

Saseno Island, off the
soil with grazing land on the slopes.
Albanian coast, forms the Gibraltar of the Adriatic.
Commerce and Industry. Albania has little outside
trade. Tobacco, wool and olive oil are the principal products. Forests are scarce but as for minerals, Albania posThere is little agrisesses silver, copper, gold and lead.
culture, but in a few districts, fair crops of corn are raised
and olives, mulberries and other fruits are grown. Flocks

and herds provide the main subsistence

of the people.

Communications. Northern Albania has one road connecting Durazzo and Tirana with Scutari. Central Albania has no roads but some military roads have been constructed in the south.
Principal Towns. The principal towns are Durazzo, a
Scutari, Tirana, the provisional capital; Elbassan,
the port Avlona (Valona) and Goritza (Korytsa.)

port;

ANDORRA
The Country.

A small republic in the eastern

syndic while the

civil

judge and two magistrates alternately

exercise judicial power.

Commerce and Industry.
soil is

Agriculture thrives where the

and tobacco being

suited to tillage, rye, barley, vines

There is also some mineral wealth, especially

iron and lead. Transport difficulties make_ exploitation
cultivated.

inhabitants pay

much

attention to stock-

principal exports.

doubtful.

The

pets are the

breeding.

Prindpal Town: Andorra la Vieja.

Of manufactured articles, silk and carmost important.

Communications. There are no railways in the country.
The Khyber and Bolan roads are fit for light-wheeled
Mertraffic as far as Kabul and Kandahar, respectively.
chandise is still transported on camel or pony back. Telephonic communication exists between Dakka, Jelalabad
and Kabul, a distance of 136 miles, and it is being extended
to Kandahar.

Pyrenees,

with an area of about 190 square miles.

Government. Andorra is under the joint suzerainty of
the president of France and the bishop of Urgel and its government is intrusted to a council of twenty-four members,
holding office for four years, who elect the first and second
syndic to preside. The executive power rests with the first

ARGENTINA
A South

American republic with an area

about 1,153,119 square miles. The republic measures
about twenty-three hundred miles from north to south. It
is mountainous toward the west and the mountains extend
to the Western Andes. The remainder of the surface con-

The Country.

of

160

GAZETTEER OF PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES

drained by the Parana,
Plata, Colorado and other rivers flowing into the Atlantic.
GoTernment. The constitution of the Argentine Confederation resembles that of the United States, The republic
consists of 14 provinces, 10 territories and one federal district.
The provinces elect their own governors and legislatures. The territories are under governors appointed by
the president. The executive power, which is practically
independent of the legislature, is in the hands of a president
elected for six years by electors appointed by the provinces.
The national congress consists of a senate and a house of
sists of grassy plains, forested hills,

There are 30 senators, two elected by each

province and two by the capital; one-third of the senate is
renewed every three years. The 120 deputies are elected
directly by the people for four years, but half the house reJustice is administered by a federal
tires every two years.
court of five judges which sits at Buenos Aires, four appeal
coiu-ts with three judges each at Buenos Aires, La Plata,
Cordoba and Parana, and provincial and a number of
minor courts. Each province has formulated its own judideputies.

cial

system.

Commerce and Industry. Argentina is in the forefront

among the countries in exporting food and iraw materials
such as wheat, corn, linseed, oats, alfalfa, wool, chilled or
frozen meal and hides. Tobacco-growing is not inconsidThe northern
erable and cotton-growing is increasing.
forests supply bard quebracho, excellent for building but
also exported for use in tanning. Textiles, food-stuffs, iron,
glassware and oil are the chief articles of import. The
metric system of weights and measures is compulsory.
Communications. There are about 25,000 miles of railways in operation, about one-third of which are owned by
the government. The rivers Parana, Plata, and Uruguay
also form important means of communication. There is
an excellent postal, telegraph and telephone system and
cable communication with all parts of the world.
Principal Towns. Buenos Aires, the capital; Rosario,
Cordoba, Tucuman, Santa Fe, Mendoza, La Plata, and
Bahia Blanca.

AUSTRALIA

Tasmania, is 2,974,581 square

a coastline of about 8,800 miles. Its extreme
measurements are from Cape York in the north to Wilson's
Promontory in the south, about 2,000 miles and from Steep
Point in the west to Cape Byron in the east, 2,450 miles.
Its climate is partly temperate and partly sub-tropical.
Tasmania, the island of the southeast, is the most temperate
area, including the island of
miles, with

area, with a climate similar to that of Ireland.

A series of

highlands runs along the eastern and northeastern shores of

Australia; coastal plains are the feature of the southeastern
littoral, which broaden out in the eastern half of the interior
into a great plain through w^hich flow the main rivers of

NewSouth Wales, Victoria and South Australiathe DarMurrumbidgee and Murray. This plain covers
nearly the whole of New South Wales and adjacent parts of
Queensland and Victoria. Another large plain stretches

ling,

inland along the Great Bight in the south, but both middle
and southern plains give way to the western plateau, which
reaches from the Indian Ocean to the Eyria Peninsula and
comprises over half the continent. Although the Darling,
Murrumbidgee and Murray water the great area of the

The soil is generally fertile even in the most

heavy rainfall favors a rapid growth of
vegetation but while the eastern shores are washed by
a warm ocean current from the north, the western shores
are washed by a cold current from the Antarctic Ocean.
The eastern half is visited at intervals of every few years
by droughts causing heavy loss and suffering. In the
northern tropical belt, where several short but torrential
rivers run into the sea, growth is again luxuriant; but the
whole of this great district, potentially wealthy in minerals
as well as in pasture and arable land, awaits development.
The eastern plains form one of the great stock-raising diswaterless.

arid districts a

tricts of

the world.

Government.

The Commonwealth

of Australia is di-

vided politically into six states: New South Wales, Western Australia, Southern Australia, Victoria and Queensland and two territories, the Northern Territory and the
Federal Capital Territory, which, with Tasmania, constitute the Commonwealth. Australia is a self-governing
dominion of the British Empire and its constitution is defined by the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act

Commonwealth under the

Crown of the United Kingdom." It is governed, like other
governor-general
appointed by
British dominions, by a
as "an indissoluble Federal

and responsible to the crown; the governor-general is

assisted by an advisory federal executive council in
The
practice, the commonwealth cabinet of the day.
Australian parliament consists of two houses, caiied the
senate and the house of representatives. In the theory
of the constitution the senate represents the states, and
the house of representatives the people, as in the U. S. A.;
but the senators in Australia are elected directly by the
people.

Commerce and

Industry.

There are no native

cattle,

The main

industry is the produchas long been the second

tion of wool. Genera!
industry, and wheat is grown for export. In recent years
wines have become an important subsidiary industry. The
sheep, horses, or pigs.

agricultiu'e

soil of

Australia may be considered the largest

island and the smallest continent in the world. It is the
greatest isolated mass of land south of the equator. Its total

The Country.

161

eastern plains, and are both navigable and irrigable for hundreds of miles, the western half of the continent is almost

many

districts, particularly in

South Australia, Vic-

New

South Wales, is suitable to the grape. The

discovery of gold in Victoria first called attention to Australian minerals. Before this, copper and coal had been
mined to some extent, but it was the sensational finds of
gold in Victoria that induced the great stream of immigratoria

and

Since then large quantities of gold have been found

tion.
in Western Australia, enormous deposits of silver at
Broken Hill in New South Wales, and other metals else-

where. Australia is now one of the great metal-producing

countries of the world, both for precious and base, and the
extent of the deposits, particularly in Queensland and the
Northern Territory, is still imperfectly known. AgriculluTal
products: wheat, oats, barley, corn, hay, potatoes, sugarMineral output: gold,
cane, beet sugar, wine and fruit.

Imports: textiles,
silver, copper, zinc and tin.
yarns, woolen, all other apparel (including boots), bags
and sacks, cotton piece goods and other textiles, manlead,

ufactures of metal, agricultural machinery, other machinery, iron and steel, plate and sheet, tinned plates, vehicles and parts, paper and paper boards, drugs, chemicals
and fertilizers, oils and waxes, tobacco, alcoholic liquors,
and sugar. Exports: wool, wheat, flour, skins and hides,
tinned meat, butter, beef, copper ingots and bars,
tallow,
silver,
jama and ielliea,
leather
products,

GAZETTEER OF PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES

162
metal

and

mutton

products,

fertilisers,

and

lamb,

dry

chemicals

milk, tin ingots, coal and zinc concentrates.

Government railways, miles open

Private railways in commonwealth, open for

Communications.
23,295.

968 miles.
Melbourne, present capital until the
ready for the new capital; Ballarat, gold
field center; Bendigo, quartz crushing; Sydney, capital of
New South Wales with Port Jackson, one of the world's
most convenient harbors; Parramatta, in the orange disgeneral

traffic,

Principal Towns.

Canberra

site is

Newcastle, coal-mining town and place of coal exBrisbane, capital of Queensland, important port;
Adelaide, one of chief ports and capital of South Australia;
Perth, capital of Western Australia; Fremantle, port for
trict;

port;

Hobart, capital of Tasmania, im-

Perth; Albany, port;

portant port.

AUSTRIA
republic consists roughly of
the German-speaking portion of what was Austria in the
dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary. The approximate
area of the country is about 30,766 square miles. A large
part of the Alps lies in that part of western Austria called
the Tyrol. Eastern Austria is in the valley of the Danube

The Country.

The Austrian

and its branches.

Government. A national constitutional assembly consisting of a single cham"ber, is elected by universal sutfrage.
Seven of the eight provinces have an assembly of one chamriver

ber; the city of Vienna, the eighth province, holds a special

position in respect to local government.

Commerce and
but there

is

some

Industry.

Agriculture predominates,

and stockbreeding. IManufacwoollens, glass, woodwork, pianos,

forestry

tures include cottons,

Commerce and Industry. While Belgium is a great

agricultural country its prosperity is in scarcely less degree
the result of industrial activity. The principal manufactures are lace, iron work, locomotives and steam engines,
motor cars, arms, bronze, porcelain, glass, etc. Belgium is
rich in minerals including valuable zinc and coal mines.
Metric weights and measures.
Communications. The railway sj'stem is the oldest on
the continent, total mileage 6,600. With few exceptions
all railways are owTied by the state.
There are more than
fifty canals, with a total length of over 3,000 miles, and five
ship caii^is.
,

Principal

Towns.

Brussels,

the

capital;

Antwerp,

Liege, and Ghent.

Dependencies. Belgian Congo in central Africa, with

an area of 909,654 square miles. This colony is of great
importance to the mother country owing to its great yield
Principal towns are
of rubber, palm nuts and palm oil.
Leopoldville, the capital, and Bcma, the seaport.

BOLIVIA
The area of the republic of Boli\'ia is estimated at about 514, Lj5 square miles. Cut off from direct
access to the sea, it is the most sparsely populated of any
The northern part is the
of the South American republics.
more inhabited, as it contains the Lake of Titicaca and

The Country.

many well-watered valleys around

lower tableland is chiefly a desert.

it.

The southern and

The president is elected by direct popular

years; the chamber of deputies, 68 in num-

Governrficnt.

vote for four

ber, also for four years, one-half the deputies retiring every

in number, two for each department, are elected for six years, one-third retiring every

two years; the senators, 16

an arrangement due to

motor cars, etc. The country has not been deprived of all
minerals and is producing lignite, anthracite, and iron ore
in considerable quantities. Some copper, zinc, silver and
gold ore, lead and salt are also produced. Chief imports
are coal, iron and food stuffs. Weights and measures-

two

metric system.

visions,

Communications. Although now a land-locked state,

Austria was accorded free access by rail to the Adriatic.
The Danube river is internationalized from the Ulm
to the Black Sea. There are about 4,000 miles of railroads

and silk goods,

and an elaborate telephone system.

Principal Towns. Vienna, the capital; Gratz, Linz,
Innsbruck, Salzburg, Wiener-Xeustadt and Klagenfurt.

Communications. Three railways descend from the

highlands to the Chilean ports of Antofagasta and Arica
and to the Peru\-ian port of MoUendo, the total railway
mileage being about 1,500 miles. Rubber and timber of the
eastern forests are carried to the Amazon and Atlantic by
Brazilian rail and river. Southern Boli\-ia has an outlet
by way of Tupiza to the Ai-genrine railway system. Notwithstanding the extensive navigable waters and a consid-

BELGIUM
Belgium is the most densely populated
country in Europe, occupying an area of 11,373 square
In the Ardennes, which include parts of the provmiles.
inces of Namur, Luxemburg and Liege, the average elevation is about 500 feet while the highest points attain an
altitude of little over 2,000 feet. The country is well watered, but its two principal rivers, the Schelde and the
Meuse, are Belgian only in part. Their affluents, however, are for the greater part held by Belgium and those of
the Schelde are the more important of the two. Four-fifths
of the land is under cultivation and more people are employed on the land than in all the trades, including mines.
Government. Belgium is a constitutional and hereditary
monarchy. The legislative power is vested in the chamber of representatives and the senate, whose members are
elected partly directly and partly indirectly.

The Country.

years.

There are two

capitals,

La Paz
The supreme

eariy local rivalries.

and

legislature.

is also

the seat of the executive

tribunal sits at Sucre , which
is

the seat of the archbishop.

Commerce and

industry.

hardware, wines and

The

chief imports are pro-

spirits, cotton,

woolen, linen

and ready-made clothes. The chief exports are silver, tin and rubber. There is scarcely any food
export. The metric system of weights and measures is in
use.

erable extent of roads, partly admitting slow motor traffic,

communication is very defective.
Principal Towns. La Paz, the actual seat of govern-

internal

ment; Sucre, the capital;

Santa Cruz, and Trinidad.

Cochabamba, Potosi, Oruro,

BRAZIL
more than half of the
South American continent, an area of 3,275,510 square
miles and is the largest of the South American republics.
From north to south, the extreme measure of her territory
On the
is 2,630 miles; from east to west it is even greater.

The Country.

Brazil occupies

north and west are the great depressions of the

Amazon

GAZETTEER OF PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES

and Paraguay rivers which comprise large areas of floodplains and swamps, heavily wooded, and almost uninhab-

The interior of the country is a high plateau with a

general elevation of 1,000 to 3,000 feet, irregularly ridged
by mountains and deeply cut by large rivers. The mountainous ranges of the maritime system form the eastern

itable.

margin

of this plateau.

Brazil possesses three great river-

systems the Amazon, Plata, and San Francisco.

Amazon and its tributaries drain fully half

The Plata system drains nearly one-fifth

The

of the country.

of the country

through its "three branches the Paraguay, Parana, and

Uruguay. Only the first of these is freely navigable for a
long distance.
Government. The United States of Brazil constitute
a federal republic, having a general resemblance to the constitution of the United States of America, but with one
notable difference. The Brazilian states have severally
the right of levying export duties a concession to local
sentiment. The country is divided into twenty states, one
national territory, and one federal district, which includes

the capital. The president is elected for four years by

direct popular vote. The chamber of deputies contains

212 members; elected for three years. The 63 senators,

three for each state and three for the federal district, are
elected for nine years, one-third retiring every three years.

Commerce and
first

place in

Industry.

Agriculture continues to hold

Brazil and the industries are related closely

to agriculture. Brazil is the chief coffee producer of the

world and the next natural product is rubber. Rice, cotton, sugar, tobacco, Paraguay tea and cacao are important
products. Textiles amount to about forty per cent of the

Both the forests and mines

Gold is found and the greater
comes from Brazil.
monazite
part of the world's supply of
There has been lumber development in recent years. Pine
has become an important export. Other exports are mica
and talc, copper ore, platinum and rock crystal. The
metric system of weights and measures is compulsory, but
total

manufactured

articles.

of Brazil are important.

nevertheless certain local units are

still

used.

Communications. About 20,000 miles of railways are

open for traffic. While many of these are short lines connecting the several ports with towns in the interior, the
entire system now joins the railways of Brazil with those of
Uruguay, Argentina and Paraguay. The republic has
over 10,000 miles of navigable waterways open to river
steamers and ocean-going vessels and 20,000 miles additional which are navigable for light-draft and flat-bottom

boats only.
Principal Towns. Rio de Janeiro, the capital; Sao
Paulo, Bahia, Pernambuco, Para (Belem), Porto Alegre,
Manaos and Parahiba.

BRITISH EMPIRE
BRITISH ISLES
AND DEPENDENCIES IN EUROPE
The British Isles comprise the United
The
Irish Free State.
governmental functions of Northern Ireland and the Irish
Free State are treated under these respective headings.
The Kingdom of Great Britain and the Irish Free State
have an area of 121,633 square miles. Within the small
compass of the islanas there is a considerable variety
Ireland is largely an ill-drained plain,
of topography.
dotted with lakes and peat-bogs, and crossed by the
The

Countries.

Kingdom, Northern Ireland and the

163

In the north-west and south-west

respectively lie the mountains of Donegal and Kerry,
while to the east lie the Wicklow Mountains, and the basalt
plateau of Antrim. In Scotland three well-marked divisions stand out: the highlands, the southern uplands and
between these two the central lowlands, into which fourThe lowlands contain
fifths of the population is crowded.
the richest agricultural land, as well as the coal-fields.
They are penetrated by three great estuaries, the Firths of
Tay and Forth on the east, and of Clyde on the west, so that
communication coast-wise or over-seas is everywhere easy.
The Welsh upland is flanked to north and east by small
coal-fields, but the greatest field, rich in steam coal and
anthracite, lies to the south. A belt of limestone running
from Bill of Portland to Tees Bay, and bearing at many
points valuable iron ores, serves as a rough boundary
of industrial England, for to the south and east of it,
sluggish

Shannon.

apart from the metropolis, agricultural interests predominate. Lying to the west of the limestone band, is
the Devon-Corawall peninsula, where great bosses of
granite and slate build the famous moors. The Channel
Islands, lying across the English Channel off the coast of
Normandy, and the Scilly Islands, lying south-west of
Land's End, enjoy an almost complete freedom from frost

and severe weather.

Government. The government is vested in crown and
parliament. England is united with Wales in a system of
local government, for the purposes of which the country
administrative counties, in each of
represented by a local lord-lieutenant.
administered
by justices of the peace
County affairs are
and county councils. In certain matters, for instance, education, Wales and Monmouthshire have a distinct organizaThere is also a Welsh board of health with headtion.
quarters at Cardiff. The Isle of Man has a governor
appointed by the Crown and its own laws and government.
For the general control of Scottish affairs by the government, there is a secretary for Scotland, who does not rank as
a secretary of state. Certain British state departments, e.g.,
the home office and board of trade, have authority in
Scotland, but for other branches of public work there are
separate Scottish departments, these including education,
is

divided into

fifty

which the crown

agriculture,

and

is

health.

Commerce and

Industry.

mineral wealth the basis of

its

The kingdom owes

prosperity.

to its
Soft coal of the

England and Wales; iron

abounds in the same regions, and in Scotland and Ireland;
Cornwall
since pre-historic times,
tin has been mined in
and zinc, copper, gold and silver, with a large range of
finest quality underlies central

non-metallic minerals, are also present. Fisheries are

conducted on an extensive scale and furnish a large proportion of the food of the people. The climate favors the

breeding of horses, cattle and sheep, and the development

of certain breeds has greatly improved the livestock of the
worid. About half of the total area is devoted to agriculture but the total product is insufficient for home
demands. The vast supplies of coal, the geographical
situation,

and the

deficiency in agricultural resources,

have combined to favor and force an industrial development. Great Britain maintains supremacy in shipbuilding and naval equipment and ranges among the greatest producers of iron and steel, machinery, metallic
goods, textiles and leather goods. The majority of the
population is employed in these industries, for which
markets are found in all parts of the world.

GAZETTEER OP PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES

164

Emvire-^oniinued
Communications. There are about 24,000 miles of
railways, and 4,700 miles of canals. The Manchester
Ship Canal, opened in 1894, is 353^ miles in length and 28
feet in depth. The canal is in direct communication with
all the principal railway systems and barge canals of the
Kingdom.
Principal Towns. London, the capital, is the largest
British

city of Europe; Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland; Dublin,

famous for its

and great shipping

capital of the Irish Free State; Glasgow,

shipbuilding,

general manufactures

trade; Manchester, the great cotton manufacturing center,

connected with the great port of Liverpool by a shipcanal.

Birmingham,

and

Sheffield,

Wolverhampton,

manufacturing centers for machinery, cutlery and hardware; Belfast, the capital of Northern Ireland, is the seat
of the Irish linen trade and of shipbuilding interests; Leeds
and Bradford, woolen centers; Bristol a manufacturing
and commercial port; Hull and Dundee, important fishing
centers; Newcastle and the Tyne ports, coal exporters;
Nottingham, noted for laces, curtains, boots and shoes;
Cardiff and Swansea, the chief Welsh ports, exporting
:

quantities of coal

and

ore.

Countries.

or morality. The chartered company which, until recently,

controlled the administration of Rhodesia, has been relieved
of its obligations.
Northern Rhodesia has been constituted

a crown colony, while Southern Rhodesia has been granted

government and becomes a self-governing
dominion.
Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. Consists of fifteen provinces
under military governors. Area about 1,014,000 square
miles. Principal source of world supply of gum arable and
ivory. Cotton growing important. Principal Towns: Khartum, the capital; Omdurman, Meroe, Suakin, El-Obeid.
Ascension Island in South Atlantic, a dependency of the
colony of St. Helena. Area, 34 square miles. Garrison staresponsible

tion, GeorgetouTi.

Basutoland (Territory). Area 11,716 square miles.

Produces cattle, wool, wheat, maize and Kaffir com.
Capital, l\Iaseru.

Bechuanaland (Protectorate). Area about 275,000 square

Administered by Union of South Africa. Cattle
Headquarters of administration at Mafeking, Transvaal. Principal Towns: Serowe,
miles.

DEPENDENCIES
The

Nigeria, Kenya, Togoland, Tanganyika, Uganda, Zanzibar,

Nyasaland, Somaliland, Swaziland.
In the protectorates and colonies native kings and chiefs
are encouraged to govern their own people, and native laws
and customs are respected unless they conflict with justice

rearing is principal industry.

Consist of the Island of Malta in the

Mediterranean and Gibraltar.

Francistown.

Malta. An island south of Sicily, with an area of 91 J^

square miles; total area wuth the neighboring dependent
island 118 square miles. Chief products: wheat, barley,
Considerable fishing industry. Chief
potatoes and fruit.

(Colony) formerly German Protectorate.

rtiiles, divided into French and British
spheres. British sphere, a strip of 28,000 square miles, on
Nigerian eastern border. Rich in forest produce. Capital, Buea.
Gambia (Colony and Protectorate). Area of colony

town and

port, Valletta.

Gibraltar. A naval base commanding the entrance to

the Mediterranean from the Atlantic Ocean and position
Area Ij^ square miles. The trade
of great importance.
is chiefly transit trade.

Government.
consisting of 32

Malta has a legislature

members and a senate

for local affairs,

of 17

members,

while Gibraltar is administered by a governor who is commander-in-chief and exercises all functions of civil govern-

BRITISH DEPENDENCIES IN AFRICA

Countries.

Consist of a

number

of colonies, pro-

tectorates, provinces, territories, islands and groups of

islands, the chartered territory of Rhodesia, the self-govern-

ing Union of South Africa. The last and the independent

kingdom of Egypt are described under their own headings.
Government. Constitution of British Empire i s largely
unwritten, but administration is based on three principles:
self-government, wherever and whenever practicable, self-

The dependencies in Africa,

support and self-defence.
apart from the self-governing Union of South Africa, are
administered
1.

By

legislative assembly, partly

or entirely elected,

and an executive council nominated by the crown,

e.g.,

Mauritius.

By

a governor with executive and (or) legislative

councils nominated by the Crown, e.g., Gambia, Sierra
Leone, Gold Coast, Seychelles.
3. By a governor alone, e.g., St. Helena, Bechuanaland, Basutoland.
4. By governors or commissioners under the Colonial
Office, with nominated advisory or executive councils, e.g.,
2.

proper, St.

Mary

Island, four square miles.

4,500 square miles.

Protectorate,

Capital, Bathurst.

Gold Coast (Colony) with Ashanti and Norihern TerriArea about 80,000 square miles. Chief products,
tories.
cocoa (about half world's supply), gold, palm oiland kerAkkra is centre
nels, kola nuts, manganese and timber.
of

government.

Other important

toTvns,

Kumassi, Cape

Coast-Castle, Sekondi and Axim.

Kenya (Crown Colony and Protectorate).

ment and legislation.

The

Cameroon

Area 191,300 square

Area, 245,060
square miles. Rice, corn, cassava, cocoanuts and other
tropical products grown on lowlands; wheat, sheep, ostrich
and dairy farming thrive on highlands. Forests contain
many valuable species of wood. Chief port, Mombasa,
with fine harbor. Other towns, Nairobi, capital, Kismayu

and

Lamu

Mauritius, with dependencies Rodriguez, Diego Garcia

and seven other islands in Indian Ocean, east of MadagasArea about 809 square miles. Produces sugar, fibre,
car.
cocoanut

oil.

Capital, Port Louis.

Nigeria (Colony and Protectorate). Area about 336,000

square miles. Chief products, palm oil, palm kernels,
ground nuts, cocoa, rubber, cotton, hides. Tin fields
(about 9,000 square miles in Northern Provinces). Large
coal fields. Lagos is seat of government. Other trade cen-

Kano, Wari, and Opobo.

Nyasaland Protectorate. Formerly British Central
Area about 39,573 square miles. Produces cotton,
tobacco, ground nuts and tea. Principal Towns: Zomba, the
seat of government; Blantyre, Kotakota and Fort Johnston.
Rhodesia. Area about 440,000 square miles, extending
from the Union of South Africa to the Belgian Kongo.
ters are

Africa.

GAZETTEER OF PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES

Bnthh Empire Continued

Principal products: Great mineral wealth, including gold,

copper, chrome iron, lead and coal. Com, tobacco,
and oranges are grown. Principal Towns: Livingstone, the

silver,

capital of Northern Rhodesia; Salisbury, the capital of

Southern Rhodesia; Bulawayo, Hartley, Gatooma and
Victoria.

Helena, solitary island in South Atlantic, 1,200 miles

Indusof Africa. Area, 47 square miles.
Capital, Jamestown.
try, flax.
Seychelles, about 90 islands in Indian Ocean. Total
area estimated at 156 square miles. Chief products, cocoanuts, vanilla and cinnamon.
Sierra Leone (Crown Colony and Protectorate). Area
about 31,000 square miles. Produces palm kernels, palm
Principal Town:
oil, ginger, kola nuts and piassaba.
Freetown, capital and greatest seaport in West Africa.
Somaliland Protectorate. Area about 68,000 square
St.

from west coast

miles.

Exports, hides, gums, cattle and sheep.

Principal

Town: Berbera.
Swaziland (Protectorate). Area, 6,678 square miles.
Excellent grazing grounds, and large cattle ranches. Sheep
brought in large numbers from Transvaal for winter grazGold, coal, and

Rich mineral deposits; tin exported.

copper also exist.

ing.

ports in Africa.

BRITISH DEPENDENCIES IN AMERICA

The

Countries.

In addition to Canada, described sepa-

America consist of the

Archipelago of West Indies, Bermuda, Falkland Islands,
British Guiana, British Honduras and Newfoundland with

rately, the British dependencies in

Labrador.

Government,

All the islands

and

territories are

crown

and the crown is represented by governors. Representative government, with partially or wholly elected
legislative councils or executives, exists in Bermuda, Bahacolonies,

mas, Barbados, Jamaica, Leeward Islands (except

Antigua and Dominica), and Newfoundland. In Windward Islands each island has its own institutions, semielective in Grenada and by nominated council in St.
Lucia and St. Vincent. Falkland Islands, British Honduras and Trinidad are ruled by governors with nominated
In Newfoundland the governor is assisted by an
councils.

largo

number

of unin-

habited islands. Principal island, New Providence. Area

about 4,404 square miles. Chief industries, sponges and
Capital, Nassau.
sisal, also pearls, ambergris, and fruit.
Staple products,
Barbados.
Area, 166 square miles.
sugar and cotton. Capital, Bridgetown.
Bermuda Islands. About 300 islands (twenty inhabited).
Area, 19 square miles. Principal products are
onions, potatoes,
tal,

lily

bulbs and garden vegetables.

Capi-

Hamilton.

Area, 89,500 square miles. Principal

products are sugar cane, rice, cocoanuts, coffee, para rubBritish Guiana.

British Guiana is
manganese ore and mica deposits have

ber; also livestock.

rich in gold
also

and

been found.

Capital, Georgetown.
British Honduras.
for mahogany

cocoa, etc.

Noted

Area, 8,598 square miles.

and logwood production, also bananas,

coffee,

Capital, Belize.

Falkland Islands. East and West Falkland (about

5,300 square miles), and about one hundred small islands;
total area, 6,500 square miles. Also dependencies of South
Georgia (estimated 1,000 square miles), South Shetlands,
South Orkneys, Sandwich group, and Graham Land (AntPrincipal products are whale and whale produce.
arctic).

Chief

Tanganyika Territory (formerly German East Africa),

di\ided between British and Belgians. Area estimated at
365,000 square miles. Native products as in Kenya. European planters grow rubber, sisal, coffee, cotton, rice, sugar,
Chief ports, Dar-es-Salaam (capital), Tanga, Baetc.
gamoyo, Kilwa Kivinje, Ujiji.
Togo (Colony), formeriy German, now under joint
Franco-British administration. Total area about 33,700
square miles, of which 12,500 square miles on Gold Coast
borders is British. Abundantly cultivated products similar to those of Gold Coast. Capital, Lome.
Uganda (Protectorate). Area 109,119 square miles.
Chief products, cotton, coffee, oil seeds, ivory and hides.
British headquarters, Entebbe.
Zanzibar (Protectorate) and Pemba. Two coralline
islands, area 640 square miles and 380 square miles, respecUnder a sultan and British commissioner. Clove
tively.
industry is practically a worid monopoly. Cocoanut industry also of great importance. Zanzibar is one of the finest

165

Twenty inhabited and

Bahamas.

industries,

sheep farming

and

horse

breeding.

Capital, Port Stanley.

Area, 4,207 square miles, with Turks and

Caicos Islands (170 square miles). Cayman Islands (89
square miles), Movant Cays, and Pedro Cays. Principal
products, sugar, bananas, rum, cocoanuts, logwood, coffee,
and cocoa. Chief industry in Turks' Islands, is salt
raking; in Caymans, cocoanut planting. Principal Towns:
Kingston, capital; Spanish To\, Port Antonio.
Jamaica.

Leeward Islands comprise five presidencies, as follows:

Antigua (170 square miles), with Barbuda and Redonda.
Produce sugar, cotton, and pineapples. Capital, St. John,
St. Kitts (68 square miles) and Nevis (50 square miles),
with Anguilla (35 square miles). Produce sugar, syrup,
and cotton. Capital, Basseterre. Montserrat. Area about
32 square miles. Chief products, cotton, lime juice, sugar.
Chief town, Plymouth. Dominica, about 305 square miles;
produces limes and lime products, cocoa, cocoanuts. Chief
town, Roseau. British Virgin Islands, about 32 of the
group are British, remainder belonging to U.SA. British
area, about 58 square miles. Principal islands: Tortola,
Chief Industry, cotton; copper
Virgin Gorda, Anegada.
mine on Virgin Gorda,
Newfoundland and Labrador, the latter a political dependency of the former, have a total area of 162,734 square miles.
The chief occupation is fishing, dried cod being the leading
commercial product, also cod-liver oil. There is a large
paper-pulp industry and some mining of iron ore and
copper. Principal Towns: St. Johns, the capital; Harbor
Grace and Bonavista.
Trinidad. (1,863 square miles), and Tobago (114 square
Principal products are cocoa, crude petroleum,
asphalt from a large asphalt lake and coconuts. Capital,
miles).

Port of Spain.

Windward

Islands consist of three colonies with dependArea about 133 square miles.

encies as follows: Grenada.

executive council, a legislative council and an elected

Chief products, sugar, rum, cocoa, nutmegs and spices.

Chief town, St. George. St. Vincent. Area, 150 square
Produces fine Sea Island cotton and arrowroot;
miles.

house of assembly consisting of 36 representatives^

also sugar,

rum, cocoa, and

spices.

Capital, Kingstown.

GAZETTEER OF PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES

166
British

EmpireContinued--

Area, 233 square miles. Exports: sugar, cocoa,

lime juice, molasses, logwood, hides, and fuel.
St. Lucia.

BRITISH DEPENDENCIES IN ASIA

The Countries. Consists of Aden, Cyprus, Ceylon, Sokotra, Bahrein Islands, British Borneo, Hong Kong, Straits
Settlements, Federated Malay States, Mesopotamia and
Islands
India, with the Andaman, Nicobar, and Laccadive
Burma, a major province of India. India, owing to
and

its

importance

is

GoTernment.

described separately.
_

Aden and its dependencies

(Perim, Lahej,

with
Sokotra, and Kuria Muria Islands) are protectorates
The
sheikh.
political resident; Sokotra having a native
Bahrein Islands have native sheikh under British protecgovwith
protectorate
British North Borneo is a
tion.

Comernor under administration of British North Borneo

pany. Brunei has a native sultan. Sarawak is an indeEnglish
an
with
protection
British
under
pendent state
British agent for North Borneo and Sarawak and
high commissioner for Brunei is the governor of the
Ceylon, Hong Kong and the Straits
Settlements are crown colonies, with a governor and exec-

raja.

Straits Settlements.

and legislative councils. The Federated Malay

States have native rulers with British high commissioner
and residents; Johore has a sultan, assisted by British
adviser and executive and legislative councils. Mesopotamia is an autonomous kingdom under British mandate.
Palestine is governed by a high commissioner who appoints
an advisory council composed of 4 Moslems, 3 Christians,
utive

and 3 Jews.
, n ..^i
Aden and Red Sea Territories. Aden. Area of Settlement and Protectorate about 9,000 square miles; town, 75
square miles; Perim Island, 5 square miles. Fortified coaling station; transhipment trade with adjacent coasts.
Industries, pastoral.
Sokotra. Area, 1,400 square miles.
Kuria Muria, Islands. Area, 29
Capital, Tamareed.

square miles. Contain guano deposits.

Bahrein Islands. Bahrein Island is 27 miles long by 10
miles broad. Muharrak is 4 miles long by about half a
mile wide. Pearl fishing important.
Area, 3 1,106 square miles. Chief
British North Borneo.
products, timber, rubber, tobacco, rice, sago, spices, cocoanuts,

camphor.

Principal

Towns:

Tawao.

Sandakan,

Ceylon.

Area, 25,481 square miles.

Kudat,

Ceylon produces

about one-sixth of the world's tea. Principal grain is rice.

Other products include cocoanuts, coffee, cinnamon, vanilla,
areca-nut, tobacco. Forests yield ebony and satinwood.
Pearl-fishery in the Gulf of Manar. There are about 700
miles of railways. Principal Towns: Colombo, the capital;
Jaffna, Point de Galle, Kandy, Trincomali, a naval station.
Cyprus. The third largest island in the Mediterranean,
40 miles from the coast of Asia Minor. Area, 3,584 square
Administered by a high commissioner and an
miles.
executive council. Cyprus is mainly agricultural. The
chief products are wheat, barley, vetches, olives. Sponge
abundance.
fisheries are carried on and marble is found in

chief exports are animals, lemons and oranges, pomegranates, raisins and wine. Principal Towns: Nicosia, the

The

capital;

Larnaka and Limasol.

Federated Malay States. Area, 27,506 square miles.

Exports, rubber, copra, tin and tin ore, metals, timber.
Hong Kong. Area of island 32 square miles; with
Kowloon and New Territories about 391 square miles; capi-

Chief industries: sugar refining, shipbuildtal, Victoria.

ing and repairing, ropemaking, tin refining, manufacture
of tobacco and cement, and deep-sea fishing. Large trade
in sugar, flour, rice, cotton, silk, leather, wolframite, iron

and steel goods,

Mesopotamia

tea, oils,

matches, etc.

(Irak).

An independent kingdom between

Euphrates, allied by treaty to

The area is 143,250 square miles. It is a
land of greatest potentialities, owing to its oil wellsand its
rich soil, which is being developed by means of irrigation.
Principal Towns: Bagdad, the capital and Basra, the
seaport at the head of the Persian Gulf.

the rivers Tigris

and

Great Britain.

Palestine. This British mandate has the object to' provide for the establishment of the Jewish National Home,
without prejudicing the rights of the non-Jewish communiThe area is about 9,000 square miles and
ties in Palestine.
includes only that part of Palestine which lies west of the
Jordan. It is mainly an agricultural country, the principal
products being raisins, wine, olives, oranges and some tobacco. Principal Towns: Jerusalem the Holy City of Jews.

Moslems and Christians alike, and Yaf a, the chief seaport.

Sarawak. Area about 42,000 square miles; capital,
Kuching. Large deposits of coal, gold, silver, antimony,
mercury; oil-fields also being developed.
Straits Settlements. Consist of Singapore Island with
small islands adjoining at southeast point of peninsula;
Penang Island off northwest coast; Wellesley Province on
northwest mainland; the Bindings, including island of
PangkoT and a strip on the mainland, on west; Malacca

on southwest coast. Also Cocos or Keeling Islands, about

700 miles southwest of Sumatra, Christmas Island, 200 miles
east of Cocos Islands and Labuan Island, about 43 miles
from Brunei, North Borneo. Total area, 1,600 square
Exports include tin, rubber, gums, spices, copra,
miles.
sago, gambler, tapioca, preserved pineapples,
phosphates of lime. Singapore is chief town and seat of
government for Straits Settlements and one of the greatrattans,

est oorts in the world.

BRITISH DEPENDENCIES IN
OCEANIA
The Countries. Australian Commonwealth (with Tasmania), New Zealand and Pacific Islands. Last only dealt
with here. Roughly grouped as Melanesia, Micronesia and
Polynesia, they consist of colonies, protectorates and Australian territories, formerly German, with the New Hebrides and Nauru. Total estimated area of the islands discussed here about 208,000 square miles.
Government. British high commissioner for Western
Pacific has jurisdiction over the islands, except those asZealand.
signed by League of Nations to Australia and

New

Papua has a

legislative council,

partly nominated^

by

New Guinea is adminisgovernor-general of Australia;

tered under Commonwealth laws, as are Papuan Islands.
council partly elected.
legislative
and
governor
Fiji has
Tonga has
affairs

legislative council

are

supervised by

on similar
high

lines,

but financial

commissioner.

British

policy, as in other parts of the Empire, is to encourage

native administration.
Fiji.

Crown colony

of

about 250

islands,

80 inhabited,

including Viti Levu. (area, 4,053 square miles), Vanua Levu

(area, 2,130 square miles), Rotuma. Chief products: sugar,
molasses, copra, rubber, bread-fruit, plantains, bananas.
CaoitJil,

Suva.

GAZETTEER OP PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES

Empire Contin iied

British

Nauru or Pleasznt Island. Formerly German, now administered by Great Britain, Australia, and New Zealand.
Small coral island; has valuable deposits of phosphates.

New

Britain Archipelago,

pelago, assigned to Australia.

formerly Bismarck ArchiNative industry; cocoanut

growing. Total area of islands, about 18,200 sf|uare miles.

New Hebrides. Under joint British and French administration.
Area, 5,500 square miles. Chief products:
copra, maize, cotton, coffee.

Papua
consists

(British
of

New

southeast

167

Communications.

There are about 1,500 miles of railway in operation in the country of which about 200 are
narrow gauge. There are aliout 3,500 miles of telegraph
and about 1,500 miles of telephone lines.
Principal Towns. Sofia, the capital; Philippopolis
(Plovdiv), Rustchuk, Varna, Shumla, Slivno and Plevna
(Pleven).

CANADA
The Country.

Guinea).
portion

Australian territory,

New

of

Guinea

with
90,540

D'Entrecasteaux and Louisiade gi'oups. Area,

square miles. Industries: gold and copper mining, pearlTrading center:
fishing, rubber, cocoanut, sisal-hemp.
Port Moresby. Northeast portion of New Guinea, formerly Kaiser Wilhelm's Land, is also Australian territory.
Area, 70,000 square miles. Chief products; cocoanul, rubber, yams, bananas.
Phoenix Islands. Group of eight small islands. Area,
16 square miles.
Pitcairn Island (Colony). Area, 2 square miles. Chief
products: sugar-cane, sweet potatoes, yams, pineapples,
bananas, arrowroot and coffee.
Solomon Islands. British Protectorate includes Guadalcanar, Malayta, San Cristoval, New Georgia, Choiseul,
Santa Cruz group were added in
Ysabel, and Lord Howe.
1890. Bougainville, area 3,500 square miles. Buka Island,
area 300 square miles; formerly German, assigned to Australia.
Total area about 11,000 square miles. Chief products: cocoanuts, rubber, pineapples, bananas.
Area 385
Tonga or Friendly Islands (Protectorate).
square miles. Products: copra, kava, green fruit, fungus,
candlenuts.

Other Islands. Gilbert Islands (Colony) area 166 square

produce phosphates, cocoanuts, and pandanus fruit.
Lagoon group, area 14 square miles.
Union or
Tokclau group, area 7 square miles. Fanning Island, area
15 square miles. Washington Island, area, 6 square
Christmas Island, which has valuable phosphate
miles.
Area, about 56 square miles.
deposits, anne.xed 1919.
,

The Dominion

of

Canada

consists of

Ontario and Quebec, with the maritime provinces of Nova

New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, the three
prairie provinces of Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta,
and British Columbia, Yukon and North-West Territories.
Total area, 3,729,665 square miles (water area about
126,000 square miles).
Goverrmient, Executive authority vested in governorgeneral, appointed by the British crown, and executive
council; legislative power in federal parliament; governor-general has power of veto, but appeal lies to privy
council. Senate of 104 life members may be nominated
by governor-general; present number, 96. House of
commons with 235 members, to be increased to 244,
elected for five years. Women have vote except in Quebec. Nine provinces have local legislatures, and control of
administration under lieutenant-governor. Territory of
Yukon under chief executive officer and elective council.
North West Territories administered by commissioner and
Scotia,

nominated council.
Commerce and Industry. Staple industry, agricultiu-e;
great wheat belt in prairie provinces; 55,000,000 acres under
field crops.
Area of land covered by timber between
500,000,000 and 600,000,000 acres. Pulp and paper production important. Mineral products include gold,
silver, nickel,

copper, cobalt, chromite, iron, zinc, lead,

Among the producing mines

miles,

coal, asbestos, petroleum.

Ellice or

are the great nickel-copper mines of Sudbury, the chief

source of the nickel supply of the world; the silver mines of
Cobalt, perhaps the richest silver-bearing area of the world;

BULGARIA
A Balkan

The Country.

an area of about
is hilly and
well
watered by numerous streams of which the Isker, Struma
and Maritza are the most important.
Government. Bulgaria is a constitutional monarchy.
The legislative authority is vested in a single chamber
called the Sobranye or national assembly. The members
of it are elected by universal suffrage. For local administration the country is divided into a number of departments, each under a prefect assisted by a departmental
40,656 square

council

miles.

and aided by

Commerce and
population

are

state covering

The country

several sub-prefects.

Industry.

engaged

in

About

five-sevenths of the

agriculture.

Methods

of

the gold mines of Porcupine, which comprise three of the

greatest gold mines of the worid; together with important
mica, feldspar and talc mines, in Ontario; the asbestos
mines of Quebec, the source of most of the asbestos of the
world; the coal mines of Nova Scotia and Alberta, and the
coal, copper, lead and gold mines of British Columbia.
Canada is the principal fur-bearing country. Other industries include

fish,

canneries, fruit, wool,

chiefly

salmon and

tobacco,

lobster,

and

maple-sugar, and agri-

cultural implements.

Communications.

Over 2,700 miles

of canal, river,

and

Eight rivers over 1,000 miles in length,

including Mackenzie, St. Lawrence, Nelson, and Saskatchewan. Railway mileage totals about 40,000 miles, half
lake navigation.

of which is operated by the Dominion government.

Principal Towns. Ottawa, the capital; Montreal,
Toronto, Winnipeg, Vancouver, Hamilton, Quebec, Calgary, Halifax, Edmonton, St. John, London, Victoria.

machinery is being gradually

found in large quantities and the

cultivation are primitive;

introduced.

Iron is

other chief mineral deposits are gold, silver, lead, manganese and copper. Chief manufactures are fiuur, woolen

goods and cotton.

V/heat and live stock are the principal

exports of the country.
The chief imports are metal goods,
machinery, kerosene, textiles and provisions. The metric
system is in general use.

CHILE
The Country.

The

republic of Chile occupying the

western coast of South America from 18 south altitude to
Cape Horn, has an area of 289,829 square miles. The
average width from east to west is only ninety miles and
the length of the coastline is 2,625 miles. For about two-

GAZETTEER OF PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES

168

thirds of its total length, the Andean chain borders Chilean

In Tierra del Fuogo the loftiest peaks barely
territory.
reacb 7,000 ft., but the hei<:!hts generally increase northwards up to Aconcagua, which exceeds 23,000 ft., the
highest peak of the whole continent.
Government. Chile consists of twenty-three provinces
and one territory. The administration is highly centralized, thel ocal authorities being controlled by the executive
in the capital. The franchise, being confined to propertyholders and those able to read and write, is possessed

Next to India, China is the largest rice producing country in

the world. Home requirements prevent the exports from
being very large. Wheat, cotton, corn and tea are being cultivated on a large scale and the only food material exported
from China on a large scale is the soya-bean and its products.
In cotton growing, China occupies third place in the
worid's countries. China possesses abundance of coal, including ample quantities of coal suitable for coking, which
are found in the vicinity of iron ore deposits. Iron ore is

by

not so plentiful as coal, "but although geological research in

China is still in its infancy, many deposits of high-grade ore

Commerce and Industry. The varieties of Chilean

products correspond to the immense geographical range.
Nitrates, iodine, copper, iron, silver, gold, borax and lead
from the northern provinces; coal, wheat, fruit, wine and
pastoral products from central Chile; timber from the
southern forests; meat and wool from the pastures north
and south of Strait of ]\Iagellan. The chief exports are
minerals and pastoral products. The metric system of

have been located capable of yielding several hundred

China also possesses an abundance of antimony, zinc and lead ores, quicksilver, copper, silver and
wolfram ores.
Communications. China has some 8,000 miles of railways open including the foreign system on Chinese territory but much of the internal trade is carried on by means
of the numerous canals and navigable rivers.
Principal Towns. Peking, the capital; Han-kau, Shang-

weights and measures

hai,

only

by a small minority.

The

president appointed

electors, rules for five years.

is obligatoiy.

Communications. There are in Chile 22,000 miles of

public road, 850 miles of navigable river and 497 miles
The Longitudinal Railway of Chile,
of navigable lakes.
traversing the republic from north to south over
a distance of 2,854 miles, is a government-owned line,
embracing w'ith the Arica to La Paz Railway (271 miles)
an extent of 3,125 miles. There are also 2,270 miles of
privately

owned lines, making a total

Towns. Santiago, the

Principal

the principal

port;

of 5,395 miles.

capital;

Valparaiso,

Antofagasta,

Concepcion,

Iquique,

Talca and Chilian.

eighteen provinces of China proper, and

Manchuria, Mongolia, Sinkiang and Tibet. The total
area of the republic is estimated at 4,2/7,170 square miles.
China proper is a coastal plain formed by the alluvial val-

Hoang, Yangtze and lesser rivers. Manchuria

has a similar character, but is separated from Chosen
(Korea) and the coast by mountains. Western China and
Tibet are a mass of very high mountains containing the

leys of the

all

the great rivers of southern Asia.

Government. The government is composed of a president, a vice-president and a bi-cameral legislature assembling at Peking and consisting of a senate (J'san Yi Yuan)
of 264 members and a house of representatives {Chung Yi
Yuan) of 596 members. Executive authority is provisionally vested in a premier nominated by the president and a
cabinet of nine ministers nominated by the premier. All
appointments require the sanction of both houses of parliament. The qualification for electors is based on property, education or previous official rank.

Commerce and Industry.

Silk

is

COLOMBIA
republic of Colombia occupies the
northwestern region of South America. Alone among the
South American republics, Colombia has a coastline upon
both oceans, its northern shores being washed by the Caribbean Sea, its western shores by the Pacific Ocean. The
country lies wholly within the tropics, the equatorial line
traversing its southern region. The area is estimated at

The Country.

The

about 440,846 square miles. The dominating feature of

the whole country is the gigantic mountain-system of the

Government.

The Chinese Republic comprises the

the provinces of

sources of

Canton.

Andes.

CHINA
The Country.

million tons.

one of the most impor-

tant of Chinese industries and exports. Another famous

industry which originated in China is the manufacture of
porcelain. The typical native industries still flourishing
are lacquer-ware and enamel and cloisonne. Tientsin has

a reputation for its carpets and rugs. Fireworks, mats

and matting and palm-leaf fans are manufactured. Industries on a large scale are carried on at the open ports;
cotton-spinning and weaving at Shanghai, sugar-refining at
Canton, iron and steel works at Hanyang, docks, shipbuilding and engineering works at Shanghai

and Han-kau.

The

president, elected

by

direct popular

vote for a term of four years, possesses large centralised

power, particulariy through the exercise of official patronage. The senators are elected for four years and the
deputies for two years.
Commerce and Industry.

Only a small setion of the

under cultivation. Coffee is the staple product.
cocoa, sugar, vegetable
cotton,
grown;
also
Tobacco is
ivory, tagua (or vegetable i voiy nut) and dyewoods are proBanana culduced, besides wheat, com, plantains, etc.
tivation isincreasing rapidly. The rubber tree grows wild,
and its cultivation has begun. Tolu balsamis cultivated
and copaiba trees are tapped but are not cultivated. Dye
and cedar woods are abundant on the Magdalen a river but
country

is

no wood of any sort is exported. The Panama hat

Colombia is rich in minis making great strides.
Other minerals, more
erals, and gold is found in all parts.
or less worked, are copper, lead, mercury, cinnabar, manga-

little

or

industry

Neariy all the emeralds

emeralds and platinum.
mined to-day come from Colombia. The iron works northeast of Bogota are important; in the immediate neighborhood of the w-orks are coal, iron, limestone, sand, manganese and fireclay deposits. The salt mines north of Bogota
are a government monopoly and a great source of revenue,
supplying most of the interior departments. In several sections there are extensive deposits of coal and oil. The metric system of weights and measures is used.
Communications. Colombia cannot be said to possess a
nese,

railroad system. The few railroads are detached lines uniting important towns to sea or river. The totallength of
the railroad systems is about one thousand miles. The
main channel of communication to the interior is the Mag=

GAZETTEER OP PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES

dalena river, whose mouth is blocked by an impassable bar.
Principal Towns. Bogota, the capital, at an elevation
of 8,600 feet above the sea; Medeliin, Barranquilla, Cartagena an important mining center; Manizales and Bucaramanga, center of coffee production.

169

Extensive forest lands yield mahogany, cedar and other

valuable cabinet woods, dyewoods, gums, resins and other
tropical forest products.
Metric system of weights and
measures.

COSTA RICA

Communications. Cuba has about 2,600 miles of steam

railways and 250 miles of electric railways. Through
trains run daily between Havana and Santiago and many

The Country. A Central American republic with an

area of 23,000 square miles. Costa Rica is traversed from
northwest to southeast by a chain of mountains (cordillera).
The slopes of the mountains are heavily forested, much of

branch lines from this main trunk connect the principal

ports on both the north and south coasts with the interior.
The railway system is being supplemented by an elaborate
system of highways.

the timber consisting of

mahogany and other

valuable

cabinet woods.

Government. Legislative power is vested in the cona chamber of 43 deputies, elected by universal suff-

gress,

The president is elected for six years.

Commerce and Industry. The principal

rage.

industry

zas,

Manzanillo, Pinar del Rio, Sancti Spiritus, Trinidad

and Cardenas. Coaling stations at Guantanamo Bay and

Bahia Honda were leased to the United States.

is

and bananas are exported in large

quantities, as rosewood, cedar and mahogany; horses,
pigs, sheep, and goats are raised in considerable numbers.
Gold and silver are mined; and there are deposits of
agriculture;

Principal Towns. Havana, the capital;

Camaguey,
Cienfuegos, Santiago, Guantanamo, Santa Clara, Matan-

CZECHOSLOVAKIA

coffee

The Country. A land-locked state comprising the former Austrian states of Bohemia, Moravia and a part of
together with the former Hungarian districts of
Slovakia and the semi-autonomous Carpatho-Russia or
Ruthenia, with an area of 54,264 square miles and
about 700 miles in length from east to west. It includes
on the west the plateau of Bohemia and on the east the
southern slopes of the Carpathians as far as the Danube
and the Theiss. The rivers are, with two exceptions, the

manganese. The metric system is in general use.

Communications. The country has about five hundred
miles of railway including one through transcontinental
railroad.
At Limon there are excellent terminal facilities,
with wharves so equipped with track facilities that loading
and unloading can be carried on directly from the car to the
vessel.
At Puntarenas on the Pacific Ocean, the harbor
has only fifteen feet of water at low tide, necessitating the

Silesia,

handling of cargo by lighters. There are sixteen navigable

rivers in the republic, the most important being the San
Juan River and its tributaries, which are largely utilized for
the transportation of the natural products. There are fifteen hundred miles of telephone lines in operation.
Principal Towns. San Jose, the capital; Cartago, Here-

tula, etc.

dia,

Limon, Puntarenas and Alajuela.

CUBA
The Country. Cuba, the largest and westernmost of the
West India Islands, has an area of 44,215 square miles, its
maximum length east to west is 730 miles and its width
i ts coast line being about 2,000
mountainous, though considerable
flatlands and marshy depressions extend along the south

varies
miles.

from 20 to 100

miles,

It is generally

coast.

Government. Republic, modelled after the system of the

United States, with a president, vice-president, senate and
a house of representatives. The government of Cuba cannot make a treaty with any foreign government endangering
its independence, and the United States has the right of
intervention and the use of naval stations.
Commerce and Industry. The foremost crops are tobacco and cane sugar, the former producing the finest leaf
for cigars in the world. Other products are coffee, cacao,
cereals, potatoes, market vegetables and fruits, bananas,
guavas, oranges, grapes, etc. Cattle-raising in the central
and eastern districts is an ancient and extensive industry.
The ixports, largely to the United States, are sugar, leaf
tobacco, cigars, iron ore, cattle products, forest products,
and fruit. The imports, also largely from the United
States, are meat products, iron and steel manufactures,

wheat, lumber and timber products, coal and coke. Copper, iron and manganese mines are worked in the east,

and limestone, clays, and asphalt occur in

useful quantities.

relatively useless

is entirely

upper courses,

i.e.

of the Elbe, Oder, Vis-

The exceptions are the Moldau (Vltava) which

Bohemian and fragments of the course of the
,

Danube on the south

of Slovakia.

The National parliament, which constibody for the whole of the republic,
a chamber of deputies elected by universal
franchise without distinction of sex, for a period of six years
and containing 300 members, and of a senate comprising
150 members to be renewed every eight years. The two
chambers in joint congress elect the president of the republic
for seven years. The constitution safeguards racial minorities to whom it assures the maintenance of their schools.
Government.

tutes the only legislative

is

composed

of

Commerce and

Industry.

The

principal products of the

mines are coal, lignite, iron, gold, silver, and graphite.

Manufactured products include textiles, shoes, gloves,
glass, porcelain, sugar, metal goods, foodstuffs, toys, etc.
Agriculture is highly developed and intensive farming is
carried on. The beet-root is the foundation of an enormous sugar industry. Large quantities of fruit are exported. Forests comprise thirty-two per cent, of the whole
area, the country ranking among the most richly wooded of
Europe. Only metric weights and measures are used.

Communications. There are about 8,300 miles of railways, over half of which are owned by the government.
There is no important continuous railway route from east
to west; the majority of important lines simply cross the
republic to connect German cities and ports with Vienna
or Budapest. TrafiBc on the internationalized Danube is
constantly increasing and the government is doing all in

power to develop the Danube ports. The Elbe and Oder

are also internationalized and the Peace Treaty vested
Czecho-Slovakia with the right to use certain terminal facilities in the German ports of Hamburg and Stettin.

its

Principal Towns. Prague (Praha), the capital; Brunn

(Brno), Pilsen (Plzen), Pressburg (Bratislava).

GAZETTEER OF PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES

170

DANZIG

visional president to further the restoration of constitu-

Danzig, constituted as a Free City ("Freistaat") by the

Treaty of Versailles and under the protection of the League
of Nations, stands on the delta of the Vistula. The territory included within the administration of the city has an
area of about 794 square miles and contains 325 localities.
About three thousand steamships use the port annually.
Sugar is next in importance to grain, and lumber ranks
third as the commodities shipped through Danzig. The
City is in fiscal union with Poland and under Polish suzerainty as regards foreign affairs, but German currency is
used. Weights and measures are of the metric system.

DENMARK

melbjurg in Jutland, which

is

and female) for a term of four years. The seats allotted

to Copenhagen are filled by proportional representation,
the remainder, including the Faroe Islands, by simple majority, but a certain number of seats are held by non-elected

who have

received the largest minority votes

and whose parties are not proportionately represented. The
Siatsraadet or cabinet consists of twelve ministers who are

individually and collectively responsible to the Folketing.

Commerce and Industry, The principal industries of the
country have to do with agricultural pursuits. Beet-root,
potatoes, barley, wheat, rye, oats

and other

cereals con-

stitute the chief agricultural products of the country.

The

and dairying industries, the manufacture of margarine and the fisheries are important. The principal impoTts of Denmark are: oil cake and meal, iron, steel, lumIser, coal, hardv;are and machinery, fertilizers, paper,
wheat, flour and cotton.
Conununications. In the kingdom, 2,635 miles of railway are open for traffic, half of which belong to the state.
Principal Towns. Copenhagen, the capital and great

live stock

clearing house for all of Scandinavia-

Aarhus, Odense,

Aalborg, Horsens and Randers.

Colonies, Greenland is the only colonial possession of
Denmark, The King of Denmark is also King of Iceland,

which, however,

is

There are large forested tracts throughout

the country, }ielding enormous quantities of cedar, mahogsatinwood
and dye woods. Cattle-raising is extenany,
sively carried on and the minerals, although not exploited
to any considerable extent, include gold, silver, platinum,
quicksilver, coal, iron and rock salt.
Communications. Roads are bad in the interior and
transport is difficult; there are only 153 miles of railway in

independent of Denmark.

Towns.

ECUADOR
The Country. This South American republic Is so
named because the equatorial line runs through the counIts western shores, 500 miles in extent, are washed
Its area is approximately 116,000
Pacific Ocean.
square miles including the Galapagos Islands, in the PaIt contains the
cific Ocean, 600 miles from Ecuador.
volcanoes Chimborazo, Cotopaxi and others of great altitude. The most valuable and productive part of the
try.

by the

the broad coastal plain.

The president is chosen by direct popular
The 32 senators and 48 deputies
election for four years.
are elected upon a limited franchise which is withheld from

country

is

Government.

an arrangement which secures ascendency to

the inhabitants of more or less white blood.
Commerce and Industry. The staple products of Ecuador are cacao and ivory nuts. Coffee is grown and largely
exported. Other products are rubber, tobacco and sugar.

illiterates,

Weaving of Panama hats

gold

is

is

West

Indies.

Government, The Dominican Republic is nominally

governed by a president elected for six years, and a national
congress, consisting of a senate and a chamber of deputies,
elected for four years. This system of government obtained
until 1916, when the United States set up a government
with naval officers at the heads of all departments. In
October, 1922, plans for the withdrawal of the American
Marines were completed in accordance with a proclamation of the military governor providing for ratification of
the laws of American administration in the island, the pro-

Some
The legal system of weights

a considerable industry.

metric.

Communications. Roads of the country are mostly

and often impassable for half the year.
A railway is open from Guayaquil to Quito, 280 miles.
There are also a few short lines connecting important
Various streams provide access from Guayaquil
points.

bridle roads only,

to a large part of the cacao-bearing region of the southern

coastal strip. The lower reaches are navigated by river

steamers, the upper waters by canoes and rafts. The Maranon River is navigable in its entirety.
Principal Towns. Quito, the capital; Guayaquil, chief

Cuenca and Riobamba.

EGYPT

The Dominican Republic embraces tha

the highest peak in the island and in the

is

produced in the Andes.

and measures

port;

eastern and larger portion of the Island of Haiti. It hag

l\It. Tina (9,420 ft.) is
an area of 19,332 square miles.

Santo Domingo, the capital; Puerto

and SantiagOc

Plata, chief north coast port,

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
The Country.

from the

and cotton.

Principal

only 560 feet high.

Government Constitutional monarchy. The Rigsdag
Folkding or lower house,
houses,
the
two
or diet embraces
and the Land&ting or senate. The Folketing, which consists of 140 members, is elected by universal suffrage (male

candidates

elections, free

intervention of military government.

Commerce and Industry, The chief industry is agriculture, the products being sugar, tobacco, cacao, coffee

use.

Denmark

occupies a peninsula and numerous islands between the North and Baltic Seas and its
area, including the islands in the Baltic and Faroe Islands
The highest elevation is the Himis 16,609 square miles.

The Country,

government through general

tional

Area including the Libyan Desert, the

region between the Nile and the Red Sea, and Sinai PenThe Libyan Desert
insula, about 350,000 square miles.

The Country.

is

part of the extensive territory.

Independent sovereign

Government.

state.

Sultan

Pasha, proclaimed king March 14, 1922, with

The British governlegislative assembly.
ment proclaimed Egypt a sovereign state, having no
connection with the British Empire, and enjoying the same
status as any other sovereign state in the world. The
British reservations, announced coincident with the withdrawal of the protectorate were: The security of British
imperial communication; the defense of Egypt against

Ahmed Fuad

cabinet and

GAZETTEER OF PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES

attack; protection of foreign interests, and retention of
Britain's interests in the Sudan.

Commerce and Industry. Chief industry: aRriculture.

The cultivable area is estimated at about 13,000 square
miles. Grain, cotton and sutjar are important products.
Where, as in Lower Egypt, irriL^ation is perennial, two and
sometimes three crops are secured each year. The date
palm is an important growth, and limes, bananas, melons,
and olives are cultivated. Oil and tobacco are being exploited, and building stones, clays, gypsum, gold, manganese ores, natron, phosphate of lime, salt, alum, magnesia,
and others developed commercially. The leading exports
are textiles and yams, cereals and vegetables, and tobacco.
Communications. The Kilo is the great highway, and
much travelling is done by boat. Exclusive of the Sudan
military railway to Khartum, the state-owned railways
have over 2,311 miles of track; private companies own over
720 miles of light railways. Since 1918 there has been
direct railway communication between Cairo and Palestine.
Length of Suez Canal, including approach channels, is 103

miles.

Principal Towiis. Cairo, the capital; Alexandria, Port

and Ismailia, Tanta, Assiout, Damanhur, Medinetel-Faiyum, Zagazig, El Rlinya, Suez and Damietta.
Said,

ESTHONIA
Esthonia comprises the former Russian
province of Esthonia, the northern part of Livonia, the
northwestern portion of the Pskof government and the

The Country,

Islands Osel (Ezel) and Dago in the Baltic Sea. Its area
23,160 square miles. Except in the southeast which is

is

of shallow lakes, many of them linked by short natural

and artificial channels.
Government, Republic. The president is elected for
six years and the cabinet consists of twelve members, and
the house of representatives chosen by direct and propor-

The suffrage is possessed, with the usual

by every Finnish citizen Cman or woman) who
has reached his or her twenty-l'oui th year. Every citizen
entitled to vote is eligible to the house of representatives,
which is elected for throe years.
tional election.

exceptions,

Commerce and Industry, Agriculture is the chief occupation of the peopie, although the cultivated area covers
than 9 per cent, of the land. A considerable part of
the population along the coast gains its livelihood from
fishing and considerable quantities of salt fish are exported
to neighboring Baltic countries. Lumber is the main industry and the principal basis of the general prosperity of

less

Butter is also being exported extensively.

Manufactures are well developed, mainly by help of water
power. They include engineering, machine and shipbuilding, pulp and paper making, cotton goods and tanning.
Metric weights and measures are used.
Communications. The southern half of the country is
well served by railways which are linked with those of
Russia and tho.se of Sweden, total mileage being about
2,700. ]\Iost of the railways are owned by the state.
Numerous canals connect the lake districts in the interior

the country.

the mainland lies low, much of which is swampy.

There are many lakes and about half of Peipus Lake lies

with the coast.

wnthin

(Tampere),

hilly,

it.

Government.

power

is

assured to the people

of the elections to the legislative

portional representation

and by universal

suffrage.

The

executive power consists of the state head {Riigiwanem,

state elder), and ministers who form the government.
Commerce and Industry. Agriculture is the chief occupation of Esthonia.

Flax

is

one of the principal products and

the live stock industry is flourishing. Oil-shale in rich

quality is plentiful. Principal exports are timber, meat,
potatoes, flax, and paper. Manufactures include iron,
steel, machinery, cotton, paper, wood pulp, and spirits.
Principal imports are salt, coal, fertilizers and sugar.

Metric weights and measures.

Communications. Reval is an important port for the
It is also the
transit of Russian imports and exports.
nearest winter port for Siberian produce. When Petrograd is closed by ice, most of that trade passes through

Reval.
Principal Towns, Reval (Tallinn), the capital; Dorpat
(Yurief), the university town; Pernau, the port on the Gulf
of Riga,

and Ivangorod (Narva), manufacturing town,

FINLAND
The Country. Finland comprises the former GrandDuchy of Finland to which was added through treaty with
the Soviet government of Russia, the territory of Petsamo,
giving outlet to the Arctic Ocean. The Aland Islands

Helsingfors, the capital; Tammerfoi-s

(Turku), Viborg and Uleaborgc

Towns.

Abo

FIUME

by

assembly (Riigikogii, the state assembly), the referendum and the right of
The state assembly is composed of
initiating legislation.
100 members elected for three years on the basis of pro-

means

Principal

According to the constitution of the re-

public, the sovereign

l!7l

were awarded to Finland by the League of Nations. The

The countotal area of Finland is 149,586 square miles.
try consists of a great plateau, the southern half of which
thousands
by
area
occupied
has about 25 per cent, of its

This Adriatic seaport was created an

independent state by the Treaty of Rapallo (1920), between Italy and the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and
It ceased to exist as a free state
Slovenes (Jugo-Slavia).
in January, 1294, when it passed under the sovereignty
of Italy alter direct negotiations with Jugo-Slavia. That
part of the harbor Ivnown as Port Barros was reserved to
Jugo-Slavia. Both ports are under a common adminis-

The Country.

Long a small center of coastwise trade, Fiume

came into prominence only when the Budapest-ZagrebFiume Railway was built.
tration.

FRANCE
is a republic of western Europe
with an area, including Corsica, of 212,659 square miles.
The
is about 2,000 miles.
coastline
the
of
length
total
The
few
surface is diversified, but most of it is lowland, with a
called
plateau
triangular
is
a
center
the
In
level plains.
the Auvergne Mountains, with a height of something over
3,000 feet. The Cevennes form the eastern edge of this
plateau and from them to the Vosges, the tableland conThere is a mountainous area in Brittany, but the
tinues.
greatest heights are on the frontiers, the Jura separating
France from Switzeriand, the Pyrenees separating it from
Spain, and the Alps separating it from Italy. The Ardennes in the northeast are less lofty. France has few

The Country.

but in the southwest, there are numerous lagoons.

Seine drains the north, the Loire and the Garonne th
Rhone the east and south

lakes,

The

France

west, and the

GAZETTEER OP PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES

1^2

Government.

France

is

governed

by a

president and a

council of ministers wiio are respon?ible to a parliament of

two houses called the national assembly. The president
He chooses
is elected by the assembly for se?en years.

the ministers, but his functions approximate rather to

those of the English king than of the prime minister,
although on ceremonial occasions he presides over meetings
of the council of ministers. The ministers are the
ble heads of the various departments and it is not
sary for them to be members of the assembly for they can
attend and speak in either house when necessary. They
are responsible to the parliament and also for all the acts
of the president. Their responsibility is collective. Their
head is the prime minister v/ho presides over their ordinary
i

deliberations.

The

314 members.
tion, for

senate, or upper house, consists of

Of these 225 are chosen by indirect elec-

nine years, one-third retiring every three years.

The remaining 75 are chosen from among the other senators

and sit for life. The senate sits in impo tant cases as a
high court of justice. The lower house or chamber of
deputies, consists of persons directly elected by universal
manhood suffrage. They are chosen for four years.
Commerce and Industry. First among the industries of
France are fine textile products and the French have a
worldwide reputation for fine silks, fine linens, and fine
cloths, Manufactured silk is by far the largest export and
raw silk figures high up in the list. Wine, is of course,
prominent, but much more is imported than exported.
French coal mines, of which the most productive are in the
north, do not yield sufficient for the manufacturers' needs.
The making of soap, cheese, and beet-sugar are important
industries. The state maintains manufacturing and industrial monopolies in tobacco and matches. Certain explosives, but not dynamite or nitro-glycerine, are state
products and the artistic manufactures of Sevres porcelain
and Gobelin and Beauvais tapestries are famed for a higher
quality than are the first-named monopolies. Iron ore,

and silver are the chief mineral products. Fishand oyster culture form a large item in the wealth of
the coast population. Agriculture is distinguished by

lead, zinc
eries

thoroughness of cultivation, the land being divided into a

multitude o f small holdings. Only metric weights and measures are legal.

Communications. The total length of railways is about

26,000 miles of which about 6,000 miles are operated by
the state. The canals of France are a most valuable auxiliary to the railways and are used regularly for transporting merchandise. There are over 3,600 miles of them actuFrench
ally navigated out of 3,620 miles in existence.
roads are excellent. Those of the first class, national roads,
are looked after by the state. In the second class come the
departmental roads, kept up by the local government authorities; and in the third class, district roads under the
district councils.

Principal Towns. Paris, the capital and metropolis;

Marseille, the chief Mediterranean port; Lyon, a leading
industrial and commercial center; Bordeaux, and important port and coaling station on the Garonna River with a
large export trade; Lille, center of important coal fields;
antes, an
Strasbo urg, an i mportan t Rhine port i n Alsace ;

important port on the Loire; Toulouse, a large manufacturing and market town; St. Etienne, a mining and manufacturing center; Nice, pleasure and health resort on the
Riviera; Havre, an important port on the English Channel.

Colonies, Mandates, and Dependencies. France has

the second greatest colonial empire of the world. Its colonies, dependencies, protectorates and mandates in all
parts of the world, from which it derives a great part of
its wealth and power, cover a total area of about 5,000,000
square miles. The French colonies and dependencies in
Africa are: French Equatorial Africa with 982,049 sa. m.;

French West Africa with 1,800,000 sq. m.; Madagascar with

228,000 sq. m.; Mayoite with 790 sq. m.; Morocco with
231,500 sq m.; Reunion with 970 sq. m.; Sahara with
1,544,000 sq. m.; Somali Coast with 5,790 sq. m.; French
Togo with 31,000 sq. m.; Txmis with 50,000 sq. m.; French
Kamcrun with 160,000 sq. m.; and Algeria with 222,180 sq.
m. which, however, has not the status of a colony, but is
politically ani ntegral part of France proper.

The Colonial possessions and mandates in Asia embrace

Syria with an area of 106,700 sq. m.; Anam with 52,100
sq. m.; Cambodia with 45,000 sq. m.; Cochin China with
20,000 sq. m.; French India with 196 sq. m.; Kwang-chauwan with 190 sq. m.; Laos with 98,000 sq. m.; and Tongking with 46,400 sq. m.
The insular possessions in America are represented by
Guadeloupe with an area of 722 sq. m.;Guiana with an area
of 32,000 sq. m.; Martinique with an area of 385 sq. m.;
and St. Pierre and Miquelon with an area of 93 sq. m.
The principal possessions in Oceania are New Caledonia
with an area of 7,650 sq. m. and Tahiti and many other
small islands with an area of 9,194 sq. m.

GERMANY
The Country. The largest state of Central Europe with
an area of 183,381 square miles. The greater part of the
country is flat. Throughout the northern districts, the
plain is scarcely broken; in the south there are several
systems of hiUs and regions of great beauty. On the Bavarian border the highest point is 9,710 feet and there are
many peaks between 4,000 and 8,000 feet. The rivei's, in
order of importance, are the Rhine, Elbe, Weser and Oder.

Government. Republic. The president according to

the constitution is elected by direct vote of all citizens and
holds office for seven years. Though the head of the German State is not, like the American president, also the
chief executive, that post being held by the chancellor,
who, like the British and French premiers, gets his support from a majority of the reichstag, he is the commanderin-chief of the military and naval forces, and can at will
dissolve the reichstag. He can also refuse to approve laws
passed by the reichstag and have them submitted to a
popular referendum.

The

legislature of

Germany

(the

reichstag) and of each of the constituent republics is elected

on the proportional system by the universal, equal, direct
and secret votes of all voters of both sexes. Declarations
of war and peace must be by legal enactment.
Commerce and Industry. About 90 per cent, of the

area of Germany is agriculturally productive, the principal

crops being wheat, rye, barley, oats, potatoes and beets.
Forestry is an important industry, conducted by scientific
methods under governmental supervision. Rye is the
cereal chiefly grown. Potatoes are produced in enormous
quantities and sugar beets also. Vines are cultivated in
many parts and the wines have a world-wide fame. Coal,
Textiles
iron, copper, zinc, lead and potash are mined.
are largely manufactured in Saxony, Silesia and Westphalia.
The chemical industry
Metric weights and measures.

is of special

importance.

GAZETTEER OF PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES

Communications. The total railway mileage is 38,000
The lines
of which nearly four per cent is narrow-gauge.

among

are fairly evenly distributed in proportion to area,

Germany is well served by

the constituent states.
north and south waterways. The Rhine, Ems, Weser,
Elbe and Oder form natural highways for water transport,
all of which have been canalized to bring the inland areas
into connection by barge with the North Sea and Baltic
ports. From Magdeburg on the Elbe, a valuable system
of east-west canals extends east to the Oder, near FrankThe Kiel
fort, and to the Vistula at Bromberg, Poland.
Canal carries as much traffic as the Rhine. The Oder has
been canalized to Breslau.
Principal To wns. Berlin, the capital and one of the great
railway c nters of Europe; Hamburg, chief of the German
Hansa ports; Munich, capital of Bavaria, with the famous

academy of arts;

Lei^wig, chief city in the publishing trade;

Dresden, capital of Saxony, noted for its picture galleries;
Cologne, an important river port and center of coal fields
and textile areas of the north; Breslau, an important market to wn a t the head of the barge traffic on the Oder Frankfort (on-the-Main), a financial center; Dusseldorf, the river
port for the industrial area of the Westphalia coal fields;
Nuremberg (Nurnbcg), the chief railway center of Bavaria;
Hanover, a market town and industrial center: Essen, with
;

the

Krupp works.

GREECE
Greece lies in the south of the Balkan
peninsula, with a very long coasthne on the Aegean and
Ionian Seas, and a large number of islands. The area of
Greece is estimated at about 42,000 square miles. It is
generally mountainous. The mountains, though not very
high, divide the country into a number of small districiis
between which communication is difficult. It is the sea
which links up the different regions of Greece.
A plebiscite held in April, 1924, deterGovernment.
mined that the monarchy should be succeeded by a republic.
There is only one legislative chamber, the Boule, to which
each 1 6,000 inhabitants return one member. The chamber
must be in session for at least three months every year and
cannot transact business unless one-third of its members
are present. There is a council of state, but its functions
are judicial, not legislative.
_

The Country.

The forests are gradually dispasture land, and the area available for cereals is small. Although wheat, corn, and barley
are gi'own, the chief crop, especially in the west, is the currant, with which Greece supplies the world. Olives, to-

Commerce and

appearing, there

Industry.

is little

bacco, oranges, lemons, figs and nuts are important prodRice is grown near Saloniki. Ores of manganese,
ucts.
and emery are mined.
Communications. There are only about 1,700 miles of
railways open for traffic. All the lines are state-owned
and state-controlled. There are good steamer services

iron

on the long
Principal

coastline.

Towns.

now an important
mouth

Athens, the capital and ancient city,

railway center; Saloniki, a great port

Athens
and an important manufacturing center; Candia, chief
town and former capital of Crete.
near the

of the Vardar; Piraeus, the port of

GUATEMALA
The Country.

Central American republic

wth a

long coastline on the Pacific and a short coastline .on the

Caribbean Sea.

The

surface

is

It has

173

a total area of 48,290 square miles.

mountainous, except near the northeast

coast where it is low-lying and

marshy f orst land. Several

mountain ranges, mainly belonging to the Antillean system, traverse the country. The coastline is unbroken
on the Pacific side and the only indentation on the Atlantic
side is the Gulf of Amatique, an extension of the Gulf of
Honduras.
Government. The legislative power is vested in a
national assembly, consisting of representatives (one for
every 20,000 inhabitants) chosen by universal suffrage for
four years and a council of state of 13 members partly
elected

by the national assembly, partly appointed by the

The president is elected for

president of the republic.

six years.

Commerce and

Industry.

The most important crops

are coffee, plantains, bananas, corn, rice

and potatoes.

cotton-growing industry is being developed. On the

plateau horses, mules, cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs are
reared in large numbers. Gold, silver, coal, lignite, manganese, copper, tin, lead, cinnabar, slate, alum, antimony,
marble, alabaster, plumbago, asbestos, bitumen, porphyry,
zinc and chalk are found, and opals and other precious
stones also exist. The forests abound in valuable trees,
producing mahogany, dyewoods, oak, pine and spruce
wood. Metric weights and measures.

The

Communications. There are about 500 miles of railways. One trans-continental line and several minor lines
are in operation. Most of the traffic is borne by mules.
Principal Towns. New Guatemala, the capital; Quezaltenango, an industrial center and Coban, center of a coffee
district.

HAITI
The Country.

The

republic of Haiti, occupying the

western portion of an island of the same name, has an
area of 10,204 square miles. It is a land of mountains and

The coast line is greatly indented on the west by

the Gulf of Gonaive or Leogane. Several islands lying
Torrid heat
off the coast are subject to this republic.
prevails on the lowlands but the climate is more equable
in the higher regions.
valleys.

Government. The legislative power is vested in a

chamber of deputies whose members are chosen for two
years by direct vote, and in a senate of 15 members elected
for 6 years, likewise by direct vote of the people. All
citizens over

The United

The president is
by the two chambers in joint session.

21 enjoy the franchise.

elected for four years

States maintains a protectorate over the re-

public.

Commerce and Industry. Nearly all the trade is with

the United States. Logwood from the forests, excellent
some cotton and cocoa are exported. Most of the
people depend on agriculture. Many minerals, gold, iron,
copper, etc., are known to occur, but are little worked.
Officially, metric weights and measures have been adopted.
coffee,

Communications. Port au Prince is connected with

Haitien by a road 169 miles long and with Mirebalais
and Las Cahobas by a road 33 miles long. A light railway
has been constructed from Port au Prince to Lake Assuei
(28 miles) but the traffic is small.
Principal Towns. Port au Prince, the capital with a
large shipping trade; Cap Haitien, with considerable

Cap

export trade.

GAZETTEER OF PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES

HEJAZ

Principal

Hejaz which obtained its independence

during the course of the great war, has an estimated area
It has a frontage on the Red
of 170,000 square miles.
Sea of about 700 miles. It is barr'^f or semi-barren in its
Lacking perennial rivers, the land is fertile
entire area.
only in its few valleys. It owes its importance to the holy
cities of Mekka and Medina, from the latter of which the
HeJRi railway runs north to Damascus, a distance of
1,105 miles. Besides Mekka and Medina, the towns o'
the Hejaz are Jidda and Yanbo, the ports respectively of
these two cities and Taif, in the south. In these cities

The kingdom

and towns

of

live the greater

the country.

number

of the

population of

spersed with elevated plateaus, plains and valleys. The

The loftiest
coastal regions are low-lying and swampy.
peaks are found in the volcanic ranges on the Nicaraguan
boundary, rising to nearly 10,000 feet. Most of the rivers

The Gulf

are difficult of navigation.

of

Fonseca on the

south coast, contains numerous islands.

Government. At the head of the government

is

the

president, who, assisted by an executive council of five

members, serves for four years. Legislative power is
vested in a congress of deputies, also serving for four years,

who are elected at

Commerce and
engaged in. The

the ratio of one per 10,000 inhabitants.

Industry. Stock-raising is extensively

product is bananas.
tobacco and coffee are also
gold,
silver, lead and copproduced. The minerals include
per, but the mining industry has not yet been e.xtensively
developed. Metric weights and measures.
Communications. There are about 500 miles of railways
rice,

on the north coast. In general, travelling and transport

are accomplished by means of mules and ox-carts, but
the number of automobiles for mail service is increasing.
Boats of 20 feet draft ply on the Ulua River. The government owns and operates the telephone and telegraph lines.
Principal Towns. Tegucigalpa, the capital and mining
center;

La Esperanza and Santa

Ptosa.

HUNGARY
The Country. Hungary is one of the states of Europe
formed out of the old Austro-Hungarian Empire. It has
an area of 35,654 square miles. It is almost entirely
lowland. The shallow Lake Balaton is fed by springs,
has brackish waters, and drains into the Danube.
Govsrnment. The titular head of Hungary is styled
officially

state

is

Protector of the

to be regarded as a

Magyar

State or regent; the

monarchy and the word royal

is

officially retained.

capital

and

great

island of the north Atlantic, with

an

area of about 39,709 square miles. Iceland is a great

tableland averaging 2,000 feet above sea-level, of which
a large portion is covered with lava fields or with enormous
glaciers.
Of its whole area barely a quarter is habitable.
The surface is dotted by over 100 volcanic peaks. There

many boiling springs, and

Iceland.

It is

the geysers are world famous.

The King of Denmark is also King of

however independent of Denmark which is

by a minister at Reykjavik. Denmark also

takes charge of the foreign affairs of Iceland. The legislative body is the Althing, composed of a senate of 14
represented

and a house

26 members.
Apart from sheep and

of representatives of

Commerce and

Industry.

cattle-

Herring abound,
raising, the principal industry is fishing.
but the chief wealth of Icelandic waters consists of cod.
Finbacked whales are hunted by the Icelanders and seals
are numerous.

Large quantities

ers are exported annually.

sulphur and Iceland

of

eider-down and feath-

The only

minerals are lignite,

spar.

There are no railways in Iceland.

Principal Town. Reykjavik, the capital and largest city.

Communications.

INDIA

chief agricultural

Lemons, oranges, corn,

the

ICELAND
An

The Country.

Government.

The Country. A Central American republic with an

area of 44,275 square miles. The surface is mainly
mountainous, especially in the west and southeast, inter-

Budapest,

Vasarhely, an agricultural center.

are

HONDURAS

Towns.

railway center; Szegedin, important trading center;

Debreczin, chief city of the northeast; Kecskemet, an
important agricultural and cattle market; Hodmezo-

The term British India includes the

districts subject to British law, the area of which is 1,093,074 square miles. The Indian States or Agencies having
The Country.

with the Indian Government have an

area of 709,555 square miles.thus making the total area
The
of India and Dependencies 1,802,629 square miles.
whole northern portion is mountainous, and includes

political relations

the Himalayas, the loftiest mountains in the world, with

and several others exceeding
l\It. Everest (29,002 ft.)
25,000 feet. An extension of the western coast uplands
crosses central India and forms the western and eastern

Ghats. The Malay peninsula is formed by mountain

ranges with broad lowlands along the coast.
Government. The sovereign of the United Kingdom
The chief authority is the secretary
is emperor of India.
of state for India, who is a member of the cabinet of the
He
is responsible to parliament.
Kingdom,
and
United
has a council composed of twelve members representing
without
can
act
matters
he
Indians. In political and secret
them. In India the government is committed to the
governor-general-in-council, who has also the title of
viceroy. He and the eight members of his council are

the breeds of cattle.

appointed by the crown. The Indian legislature consists

of a council of state and a legislative assembly, the majority
of the members of both being directly elected by various
constituencies such as the Mahomcdans, Sikhs and
Em-opeans. Each house also has appointed members in
order that government may be directly represented, but
some of these have to be non-officials. Each of the large
provinces, except Burma, is governed by a governor who
is advised by a council, while ministers look after the de-

Budapest, the total mileage being 4,372.

partments of state. Burvia is under a lieutenant-governor.

In each province there is also a legislative counciL

Commerce and

Industry.

The

cultivation of the soil

the chief industry of Hungary. Except for lignite,

there are no minerals and there are none but local industries.
The Magyars still retain the bulk of the agricultural land,
the products of which made Hungary the chief granary of
the old dual empire. Corn and wheat are the chief cereals,
although barley and oats are grown. Horses are reared in
is

and great efforts have been made to improve

Metric weights and measures.
Communications. Hungarian railways radiate from

large numbers,

i^AZETTEER OF PRINCIPAL COONTRIES

Commerce and

ilncfustry.

Minerals of every sort occur

to the mountains, and coal is abundant in east central

parts. The aggregate output of gold is very great and
constantly increasing, while the gem mines of Burma
yield the greater part of the world's supply of rubies and
similar precious stones. The tin and oil of upper Burma,

and lead and copper in the Himalayas, are also important.

The most valuable forest product is

Several breeds
of cattle have been domesticated from wild stock. The
proportion
the
food of the
notable
of
supply
fisheries
a
common people. Five sevenths of the people are engaged
in agricultural pui'suits, and initiation is extensively
developed. Rice, corn, wheat, millet and sugar cane,
teak.

are the chief food-crops; of these rice and wheat are

expoTted. Cotton, jute, opium, tea, tobacco, indigo and
oil-yielding seeds are also grown for export. Cattle are
largely raised in the northwest, whence hides form a valuable item of export; camels, asses and horses in the northwestern plains, and sheep, goats and yaks among the
northern mountains. The manufactiu-es are mainly
yarns and cheap cottons, silks, largely from tussar (wild
Shipsilk), cocoons, sugar, paper, rugs and blankets.

building is extensively carried on. India imports manufactured articles, chief of which are cotton goods, metals,
sugar, silk, woolen goods, machinery, railway equipment

and

oils.

Communications. There are about 40,000 miles of

railways open. There are good metalled roads over most
Inland steam navigation is well established on
of India.
the lower courses of the main rivers.
Principal Towns. Calcutta, the principal port of the
east coast; Madras, the great cotton manufacturing and
shipping port of the south; Bombay, the principal financial
center; Delhi, the capital; Karachi, the port of the western
region There are twenty-five other towns exceeding
100,000 inhabitants, and fifty-two more with over 50,000
inhabitants each. Important towns, including several
native capitals, are Hyderabad, Lucknow, Rangoon, the
port of Burma, Benares, Lahore, Cawnpur, Agra, Ahmadabad, Mandalay, the capital of Burma, Allahabad, Amritsar,

Howrah, opposite Calcutta, Poona,

Patna, Bareli (Bareilly), Nagpur, Srinagar, the capital of
Kashmir, Surat, Meerut, Madura, Trichinopoli and Baroda.

Jaipur, Bangalore,

IRELAND, NORTHERN
The Country. The present Ulster border was determined by the Government of Ireland Act in 1920, which
contemplated the division of Ireland between a nationalist
south and a unionist north. For centuries Ireland had
been geographically divided into four provinces, Ulster,
Munster, Leinster and Connaught, of which the first is
predominatingly unionist, and the remainder nationalist,
the latter term being used to include Sinn Fein. But
upon closer examination the framers of the act discovered
that three of the counties of Ulster, namely, Donegal,
Monaghan and Cavan, contained a population with a
considerable majority of nationalists. These counties
were therefore included in Southern Ireland, and the Ulster
border became the lines circumscribing the remaining six
counties of Ulster. Area of Northern Ireland 8,613
square miles.
Government. Under the Act of 1920 the government
of the territory comprising the six counties of Down,
Antrim, Londonderry, Armagh, Tyrone and Fermanagh

is

175

intrusted to a parliament "consisting of His Majesty, the

senate of Nort-hem Ireland, and the house of commons of

Northern Ireland." The powers of the parliament and
government of Northern Ireland are wholly domestic. The
mini;itry of commerce of Northern Ireland assists in the

development of new markets and encouragement of export

So far as foreign policy and affairs are concerned
LHster remains essentially a part of the British unit.
Therefore her foreign credit remains on a par with that of
Great Britain. Her representatives abroad are the
trade.

British representatives.

For description of physical

under British Isles.

features, principal

towns

etc., see

IRISH FREE STATE

For demarcation of territory see under
Northern Ireland; for physical features see under British
Irish
Free State 23,973 square miles.
Isles.
Area of
Government. The constitution of the Irish Free State
gives the people those powers to govern themselves possessed by the peoples of Canada, Australia, South Africa
and New Zealand. Unlike the cases of these self-governing
dominions, however, the constitution of the Swiss Republic
rather than that of Great Britain was used as a model
in framing the organization through which these powers
are to be exercised. The British and dominion system of
government by a cabinet composed exclusively of members
of the dominant party in parliament is replaced by intrusting the carrying out of the will of the elected majority
to a federal council, in which only a minority of the members are drawn from the ranks of politicians. The similarity
to the Swiss constitution extends also to an arrangement
included whereby legislation can be initiated by referendum. Article XI says: "The rights of the state in and to
natural resources, the use of which is of national importance, shall not be alienated. Their exploitation by private
individuals or associations shall be permitted only under
state supervision and in accordance with the conditions
and regulations approved by legislation." Another important point is the immunity Ireland is to enjoy from
embroilment in British quarrels. Article 48 provides
that, save in case of actual invasion, the Irish Free State
"shall not be committed to active participation in any
war," without the assent of the Free State parliament.
For description of principal towns see under British
Tlie Country.

Isles.

ITALY
The Country.

Italy consists of the Italic peninsula,

the peninsula of Istria and the islands of Sicily and Sardinia.

The area including the new territories added to the
kingdom, comprises about 117,982 square miles. The
Apennines, extending southward from the Alps, form the
backbone of the peninsula, the southern and western parts
of which have been subjected to volcanic eruptions and
Vesuvius, Etna and Stromboli are still active volcanoes.
The Alpine lakes are long and narrow and the lakes of
central Italy are in the craters or pipes of extinct volcanoes.
The principal rivers are the Adige, 230 miles in length,
the Arno, 150 miles, the Po, 420 miles and the Tiber,

250 miles.
Government. Constitutional monarchy; the executive
power is vested in the king, but is exercised through responsible ministers. Law-making power is the joint
prerogative of king and parliament, the latter consisting

GAZETTEER OF PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES

176
of a senate

and a chamber

of deputies.

Commerce and

The king nomi-

nates the senators for life, the deputies are elected on a

universal manhood suffrage.
Commerce and Industry. Italy is predominantly
agricultural; one fifth of the area is forested and many
portions of the lowlands cannot be cultivated on account
The chief food products
of the prevalence of malaria.

Corn, beans and oats come

next in importance; then potatoes, sugar beets, barley
and rice. Silk culture is general, but of special importance
The chief minerals are sulphur, marble and
in the north.
The chief imports are wheat, coal, raw cotton, iron
iron.
are wheat, wine and olives.

goods and woolens. The prime exports are raw silk,

cotton and silk goods, hemp, wine and motor-cars. Metric
weights and measures.
Communications. There are nearly 12,000 miles of
railways, three fourths of which belong to the state. The

Industry.

Agriculture

is

the

chief

industry, but only about 20,000 square miles of Japan

proper can be cultivated; of this 57 per cent is under

and 33 per cent under wheat. Tea plants are produced on neariy 500 square miles. Over 3,000,000 houserice,

holds are occupied with the production of silk, the yield

of raw silk equalling that of the whole of Europe and about
75 per cent, of the silk is exported. Tobacco, soya beans

produced. Over 2,000,000 men

fishing.
Coal, copper, phosphate, and zinc
Chief manufactures are textiles, silk, earthenware, glass, lacquered goods, matting and hemp. Trade
A large amount of
in matches and paper is important.
timber is produced. Imports are chiefly raw cotton

and

fruit are extensively

are engaged

are mined.

from the United States, India and China.

Communications. The whole country is covered with
a network of railways with a total length of nearly 8,000
miles, and it is possible to travel from the extreme north
of Hokkaido (Yezzo) to the extreme south of Kiushiu

merchant fleet numbers about eight hundred steamships

and five times as many sailing vessels.
Principal Towns. Naples, the most important port;
Milan, great railway and industrial center; Rome, the
capital; Turin, manufacturing center; Palermo on the
island of Sicily and the center of a great fruit producing
industry; Genoa, the port on the Ligurian coast and head-

without once leaving a railway station except to cross the

Tsugaru and Shimonseki, where special steam
The Japanese government subsidizes
ferries are provided.
shipping companies for foreign trade and Japanese vessels
run on four great routes to Europe, North America, South

quarters of the iron trade.

Colonies and Dependencies. Italy has in Africa a
of 591,230 square miles, consisting of
EritTea with 45,800 square miles; Italian Somaliland with
139,430 square miles, and Tripoli and Cyrenaica with an

America and Australia.

Principal Towns. Tokyo, the capital and great industrial center; Osaka, seaport and textile manufacturing
city; Kobe, seaport and extensive shipbuilding; Kyoto
with silk, porcelain and lacquer goods factories; Nag-

area of 406,000 square miles. In addition to those

in Asia, a concession in Tientsin.

oya, port with large textile industries; Yokohama, port of

Tokyo; Nagasaki, a seaport and winter resort.
Dependencies. The most important of Japan's de-

colonial empire

it

has

JAPAN
The Japanese Empire comprises five
and numerous small islands together with the peninChosen (Korea), the southern part of the Sakhalin
Island and the leased territory on the Asiatic coast Kwantung. In addition, it exercises a mandate of the League

The Country.

large

sula of

German colonies in the Pacific,

north of the equator. The area of the mainland and adjacent islands is 148,756 square miles. Bays and inlets are

of Nations over the former

numerous and there are many natural harbors, especially

on the Pacific side. The chief feature of the Empire is
its mountainous character, for each island has a mountainous backbone. Among the higher mountains, several
extend above the snow line. Fuji Yama, the sacred

mountain of Japan, is the highest and reaches 12,245 feet.

The Yoda, one of the longest streams, empties into the
Bay of Osaka. One of the most notable physical features
is the Inland Sea or Japanese Mediterranean which reproduces on a smaller scale, the same features as the larger
Sea of Japan. It is almost entirely landlocked and surrounded by chains of volcanoes of which few are now
active. The climate is temperate and healthful with
abundant rainfall.
Government. The government is in the hands of
the emperor.
He is assisted by cabinet ministers whom
he appoints and who are responsible to him. There is a
privy council which is consulted on important occasions

but the executive power rests with the emperor. Laws

are made under his sanction by the imperial diet which
two houses, a house of peers which has 373
members and a house of representatives of 381 members,
elected by a restricted suffrage.

consists of

Straits of

pendencies are Chosen {Korea), with an area of 84,738

square miles, from which Japan takes the surplus rice crop
and the bulk of the raw cotton; the island Formosa (Taiwan) with 13,944 square miles; the southern part of
Sakhalin (Karafuto) with 13,253 square miles; and the
former German colonies in Oceania awarded by the League
of Nations as mandates to Japan, viz: Caroline Islands,
Mariana Islands, Marshall Islands and Pelew Islands
with a total area of 1,520 square miles.

JUGOSLAVIA
Jugo-Slavia or the Kingdom of the Serbs,
Croats and Slovenes, occupies the northwest corner of the
Balkan peninsula. It combines the old kingdoms of
Serbia and Montenegro, the former Austro-Hungarian
territories of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the former Hungarian provinces of Croatia-Slavonia and parts of the Banat
and Bacska, and portions of Styria, Carniola and Dal-

The Country.

matia, former Austrian provinces.

It consists essentially

a mountainous core, most of which is over 3,000 feet in

elevation which stretches from the Dinaric Alps in the
northwest to the Balkan Mountains on the Bulgarian
The only valley which cuts the mountains and
frontier.
forms a passage way is that of the Morava which, with
that of the Vardar, leads from Belgrade to Saloniki.
Beyond the Save-Danube, as far as the northern boundary,
the land is low, swampy near the rivers, with a few minor
elevations. The chief concentrations of people are round
of

Zagreb (Agram) and near Belgrade. The area is 95,020

square miles.
Government. Jugo-Slavia is a limited nonarchy, with
a two-chamber parliament in which the senate is an ad-

GAZETTEER OF PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES

visory chamber. Parliament is elected for four years on
the basis of one deputy for every 40,000 inhabitants.
The senate consists of 100 members and is elected for nine
years though one third of its membership is renewed every
three years.

Commerce and

Industry.

As^riculture

is

the

chief

Mediterranean fruits, chiefly plums, and tobacco,

are successfully grown. Swine are reared in the oak and
beech forests; cattle, sheep and goats are also reared.
Some wheat is grown. Small quantities of iron ore are
mined. Coal occurs near Sarajevo and Banjaluka.
Lead, iron and coal are mined in Serbia. Quicksilver is
extensively mined. The principal imports are textiles,
agricultural products, animal products, chemicals, leather
and leather goods, metals and machinery. Exports:
Corn, wheat and oats, cattle and other animals, fruits,
timber and timber goods. Metric system of weights and
industry.

Government.

The

177

constitution

of

the

republic

is

modelled on that of the United States. The executive

power is vested in a president and a council of 6 ministers
and the legislative power in a parliament of two houses
called the senate and the house of representatives. Electors
must be of negro blood and owners of land.
Commerce and Industry. The exports include rubber,
palm oil, palm kernels, piassava fibre from the rafia palm,
coffee, cocoa, ginger, chillies, ivory, annatto seed, dye,
and camwood a hard dyewood. The chief imports are
rice, textiles, tobacco, building timber, galvanized roofing
iron, ready-made clothing and dried and preserved fish.
Communications. There are no railways or vehicular
means of transport in the country except ox-carts and a
motor road of about 20 miles.
Principal Towns. Monrovia, the capital and chief port;
Robertsport and Marshall.

measures.

Communications. Jugo-Slavia has about 6,000 miles

Total length of waterof railway, mostly state-owned.
ways, principally the Danube and the Save, 1,322 miles.
Principal Towns. Belgrade, the capital; Zagreb (Agram)
the university city; Sarajevo, former capital of Bosnia;
Monastir, trade center near the Greek frontier; Uskup on
the Vardar, and Nish, an important railway center.

LATVIA
The Country.

Latvia, a republic on the Baltic Sea,

was formerly part of the Russian Empire. Its area is
about 24,440 square miles. It has about 340 miles of
sea coast. The land is flat and low-lying, and is watered

by many
are

rivers,

the chief of which is the Dvina. There

a quarter of the country

many marshy tracts and lakes;

covered with forests.

Government. At the head of the republic stands a
president elected for 5 years on the basis of universal
suffrage.
War can only be declared by a vote of the
Parliament consists of one chamber of 100
legislature.
members, elected for three years.
is

Commerce and
industry,

Industry.

Agriculture

is

and includes dairy farming, the

the principal

raising of live

The soil is moderately fertile,

stock and beekeeping.
but is highly cultivated, producing good crops of barley,
and
The fisheries are of considerable
flax
potatoes.
oats,
Manufactures comprise metals, minerals, chemivalue.
Exports are timber,
cals, textiles, timber and spirits.
cereals, flax, dairy products

and

fish.

Metric system of

weights and measures.

Communications. Latvia has about 1,700 miles of
Three of the Russian main lines verge on
Latvian ports.
Principal Towns. Riga, the capital and chief seaport;
Libau (Libava), an important port on the Baltic Sea;
Mitau (Mitava), formerly the capital of Courland with
railroads.

tanne. ies

and

textile industries.

LIECHTENSTEIN
Liechtenstein, a small independent principality, extend-

bank of the Rhine, opposite the Swiss

canton of St. Gallen and the Austrian land of Vorarlberg.
It has an area of 65 square miles.
The industries include
agriculture, weaving and embroidery.
It is governed by
members.
It has a customs treaty with
a diet of fifteen
Switzerland which includes administration by Switzerland
of the post and telegraph lines.
Vaduz is the capital and
principal town.
ing along the right

LITHUANIA
The Country.

Lithuania is a republic carved out of the

former Russian Empire. It has an estimated area of 22,520
square miles and a narrow frontage on the Baltic Sea. The
country is flat and low-lying. It has numerous lakes and
marshes and many rivers, the largest being the Niemen.
About 25 per cent of the land is forest.
Government. The constituent assembly makes laws,
ratifies treaties with other states, approves the budget and
superintends the execution of the laws. The executive
power is placed in the hands of the president of the republic
and of the cabinet of ministers. The president is elected
by the constituent assembly.

Commerce and

tured

is an independent negro republic,

with an area of 40,000 square miles. It occupies about
350 miles of the west African coast and extends inland
200 miles at its widest part. Many rivers are navigable

in stretches.

The

interior rises into

mountains of from

The

chief articles of export

articles,

The imports are mainly manufac-

fertilizers

and

agricultural

machinery.

engaged in
and
Poultry farming, particularly of geese, is a conof

the population

is

agriculture, the products being cereals, potatoes, flax

linseed.

siderable industry.

Communications. Lithuania has about 1,600 miles of

There are about 120 miles of streams navigable
The Niemen is navigable for about 270
days in the year.
Principal Towns. Kovno (Kamias), provisional capital and an important grain market; Grodno, an important
manufacturing center, Suvalki and Shavli.
railways.

for steamboats.

LUXEMBURG

Liberia

2,000 to 6,000 feet in height.

and wool.

About seventy per cent

LIBERIA
The Country.

Industry.

are corn, cattle, hams, poultry, eggs, butter, timber, flax,

linseed, hides

The Country. A Grand Duchy surrounded by France,

Germany and Belgium. It has an area of about 998 square
miles.
The great wealth of th e country lies in i ts iron ore.
fifths of the area is cultivated; wheat, rye, oats and
potatoes are the main crops. The vine is grown in the Mo-

Three

GAZETTEER OF PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES

178

horses and cattle are reared. The government is in the hands of a council of state and a chamber of
deputies. Luxemburg is in customs union with Belgium.
Principal Towns. Luxemburg, the capital; Esch, center
selle valley;

of

mining

ufacturing center; Puebla, with cotton-spinning and other

manufactures; San Luis Potosi, an agricultural and mining
center; Leon, a mining and manufacturing town; Vera
Cruz, principal port; Tampico, principal oil port,

district.

MONACO

MEXICO
Mexico has an area of 767,198 square
miles. Two mountain chains traverse the republic, forming between them a number of valleys and plateaus. The
plateau of Anahuac, on which the capita! is situated, is the
largest and most important. The eastern edge of the plateau is formed by the Sierra Madre Oriental. On the western edge of the plateau, the Sierra Madre Occidental shows
a steep front and narrow ridges broken by canyons; in
both Sierras the highest peaks are about 10,000 feet. At

The Country.

the southern edge of the plateau, confused ranges of mountains fall sharply to the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, where
the lowest point on the watershed between the Atlantic and
Pacific is a little over 700 feet. The physical divisions eastward of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec include the highlands
of Chiapas, and the narrow low plain of Soconusco on the

These highlands range from 6,000 to 8,000

Northeast of them is the penfeet in extreme elevation.
insula of Yucatan.
Government. Mexico is a federative republic, divided
into states, each of which has a right to manage its own
local affairs, while the whole are bound together in one
body politic by fundamental and constitutional laws. The
powers of the supreme government are divided into the legThe legislative power is
islative, executive and judicial.
Pacific side.

vested in a congress consisting of a house of representaand a senate and the executive power in a president.
Representatives are elected for two years by universal
suffrage. The senate consists of fifty eight members, two
for each state, and are elected in the same manner as the
deputies. Mexico is divided into twenty eight states, one
tives

and two territories.

Commerce and Industry. Mexico is a country of immense natural wealth, with its oil fields, its gold, silver,
copper, iron and other minerals and the great variety of
vegetable products determined by the wide range of elevation and climate. Among these last may be specially mentioned hemp, bananas, logwood, and other tropical forest
products of the southeast; coffee, tobacco and cotton of
more northerly localities, with a variety of fruit and all
usual grain crops. The most interesting development in
resources of Mexico in recent years has occurred in the oil

federal district

In spite of inadequate transportation facilities,

the Mexican oil fields have been able to take a high place
among the petroleum-producing territories of the world.
Coal is
Its vast oil reservoirs have scarcely been tapped.
mined in the state of Coahuila. Large quantities of sugar,
molasses and spirits are also produced.
Communications. Mexico has in operation about 16,000
miles of railways, most of which are run by the government.
Through connections to the United States can be made at
the following five border points: Nogales, Ariz., El Paso,
Tex., Laredo, Tex., Eagle Pass, Tex. and Brownsville,
Tex. A railway service from Vera Cruz and Mexico City
to the frontier of Guatemala has also been completed.
Puerto Mexico, on the Atlantic and Salina Cruz on the
Pacific are connected by the Tehuantepec railroad.
Principal Towns. Mexico (city), the capital and chief
commercial center; Guadalajara, an agricultural and man-

industry.

This principality, the smallest state of Europe, situated

on the Mediterranean coast, has an area of 8 square miles
and is encircled by the French department of Alpes Maritimes and the Mediterranean Sea. The government is carried out under the authority of the prince by a ministry

by a council of state. The legislative power is exby the prince and the national council which con21 members elected for four years. About one

assisted

ercised
sists of

thousand of the inhabitants are employed in the rooms of

the celebrated gambling-house known as the "Casino."
The climate is very mild. Revenue is derived chiefly from
the gambling tables.

NETHERLANDS
The area of the country, about 15,760
square miles, is for the most part flat, much of it lying below the level of the water, salt and fresh. Along the canals,
the meadows are often ten or twelve feet below the waterline, and between the land and sea at high tide, there may
be a difference of twenty-five feet or more. The land is
The Country.

protected

by embankments and

dikes and

it

may be

pic-

tured asagreat trough, the floor of which slopes downfrom

east and southeast toward the North Sea in the west and
north. The rivers which flow across this country from the
higher continent beyond, are, at their mouths, frequently

below the level of the sea into which they have to be lifted
by canals and locks across the dams or dikes. At all times
the precarious river levels threaten internal floods.

Government. Constitutional monarchy. The execupower is vested in the sovereign with nine ministers in
and
states-general, which consists of two chambers, the first of
50 members elected for nine years and the second of 100
deputies elected for four years. There are eleven provinces, sub-divided into communes.
tive

council, the legislative authority being the sovereign

Commerce and

Industry.

The

chief exports are dairy

produce, vegetables and bulbs, flax, fish, sugar-beets, and

colonial wares. Ship-building is an important industry.
Textiles are extensively manufactured. Chief imports are

and raw cotton. One-third of the land is permanent

and intensive methods are largely used in horticulture as well as in agriculture. Metric weights and
oil

pasture,

measures.
is

Communications. Total length of raikoads in operation

about 2,500 miles. Total extent of canals is about 2,000

miles.

Principal Towns. Amsterdam, the metropolis and second seaport; Rotterdam, chief port with a large foreign

trade; The Hague ('s Gravenhage), the capital; Utrecht,

university city; Groningen, chief city of the north; Haarlem, famous for horticulture and center of the bulb trade;
Arnhem on the Rhine near the German frontier; Leiden,
the famous university town; Nijmegen, a historic fortified

on the Waal.
Dependencies. The Netheriands have a large colonial
empire of about 782,000 square miles in Asia and America,
the population of which is many times larger than the pop-

city

GAZETTEER OP PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES

ulation of the Netherlands.

The

principal colonies are

thelargeislandsin the Indian Ocean, the Dutch East Indies,

consisting of Bali and Lomhok with 4,0G5 sq. m., Banka
with 4,446 sq. m., Billiton with 1,863 sq. m., Borneo, South

tapioca, coffee, tobacco, tea, copra,

The Dutch West

and

oil-seed.

Indies are Curacao, with 210 square

mainland of Venezuela, South

America and Dutch Guiana, with 40,060 square miles, on
the north coast of South America, producing coffee, cacao,
bananas and balata.
miles, lying just off the

Lakes Man-

agua and Nicaragua and the San Juan River. Between

the lakes and the Pacific Coast is a range of low mountains
the chief center of volcanic activity in the country.

and Eastm[h 156,912

sq. m., Borneo, Wcstmth 55,825 sq.

m., Celebes Island with 72,070 sq. m., Jara and Madura
with 50,557 sq. m., and the capital, Batavia, Molucca Island
with Dutch New Guinea, with 195,653 sq. m., Riou Linga
Archipelago with 16,301 sq. m., Sumatra with 159,739 sq.
m., Timor Archipelago with 17,698 sq. m.
These colonies are governed by a governor- general who
has the right of passing laws and regulations for the administration of the colony, so far as his power is not reserved to the legislature of the mother country. The
principal products of Dutch East Indies are sago, corn,

179

east across the state, comprising the basins of

Government.

Executive power is vested in the presiappointed for four years. Legislative power is

dent,

vested in a congress of two houses consisting of 40 deputies elected for four years by universal suffrage, and 13
senators elected for six years.

Commerce and

Industry.

The banana

agricultural product in the east.

is

the principal

Cocoanuts are also of

some importance and a few plantains, oranges and pineapples and some yucca are raised. Ilice is grown to a small
extent and some wheat in the hilly districts, while tobacco
is cultivated round Masaya.
The mostimportant products
of the western half are coffee, sugar-cane, cacao, corn and
beans. Extensive forests yield mahogany, cedar, gums,
and medicinal plants. Over a million cattle provide hides
for export. Gold and silver are mined.
Metric weights
and measures.
Communications. The total railway mileage of the reThe principal line runs from
is about 200 miles.

public

NEW ZEALAND

Corinto to Grenada.

New Zealand is a British Dominion in the

The Country.

embraces the two main islands,

north and south, the small Stewart Island separated from
the south end of South Island by Foveaux Strait, and
many islands in the neighboring seas. Area, 104,751square
miles. South Island consists of a great mountain range,
the Southern Alps, alpine in magnitude. North Island conSouth Seas.

a highland reaching from Cook Strait in the south

Cape in the northeast, and two peninsulas.
Government. The Dominion is governed by a governorgeneral and a general assembly, consisting of a legislative
council of thirty-seven paid members and a house of eighty
paid representatives, upon a system of constitutional cabisists of

to East

net government.

Commerce and
sheep-raising.

Industry. The dominant industry

Dairy farming, mainly for the production

is

of

butter and cheese, is of growing importance. Crops of

wheat, oats, and barley are grown for local consumption.

Kauri gum is dug in the Auckland peninsula. Coal is

mined on the western coast of South Island, and gold in the

Thames

peninsula;

some

alluvial gold is dredged.

The

principal exports are wool, frozen meat,butter, cheese, tal-

low, hides, skins and flax.

Communications. Communication is maintained by a

growing railway system connecting the chief towns and
supplemented by a coastal steamer service. Total railway mileage about 3,200. The government telegraph system comprises 14,000 miles of line and a government telephone system is very generally used.
Principal Towns. Wellington, the capital; Auckland,
Christchurch, Dunedin, Hamilton, Gisborne and Napier.
Dependencies. New Zealand exercises the mandate
over those of the Samoan Islands which formerly belonged
to Germany. Their total area is about 1,250 square miles.

NICARAGUA
The Country. Nicaragua, a Central American republic,
has an area of 49,200 square miles. The east coast is
backed by an allu\'ial plain, beyond which lie the central
mountains, which rise to 7,000 feet. From the Gulf of
Fonseca on the northwest coast a depression extends south-

Towns. Managua, the capital; Leon, largest

San Juan del Norte (Greytown), chief seaport.

Principal
city;

Politically it

NORWAY
The Country.

Norway, occupying the western half of

the Scandinavian peninsula, has an area of about 125,000
square miles. It is 1,160 miles in length and the coastline,
excluding minor indentations, is over 2,100 miles long. It
separated from Sweden by the Kjolen Mountains, which
form the backbone of the peninsula. These mountains rise
in many parts to over 6,000 feet, the highest peaks being
over 8,000 feet. Norway's long coastline facing the Atlantic is edged with lofty cliffs and seamed with deep fiords.
Islands, countless in number, fringe the coast. These
archipelagoes cover a total area of no less than 8,600 square
miles. Seventy per cent of Norway's area is barren land
mountain, moor, or glacier uninhabitable by man. Of
the whole area of 125,000 square miles only 3,500 square
is

miles are

fit

are water.

for agriculture

The

and nearly 3,000 square

rivers are short

and

torrential,

miles

but pro-

vide the finest salmon fishingin Europe. Its comparatively

mild climate is due entirely to the influence of the ocean.
Spitzbergen and adjacent islands, with total area of 25,000

square miles and rich coal

fields, is

under the sovereignty

of Nortt ay.

Government. Parliament, called the

of an upper and a lower house, having in

Storting, consists

all 123 members,

one-quarter forming the Lagting or senate, three-fourths
Questions relating to
the Odelsting or house of commons.

the laws are considered by each house separately, but if the

two houses do not agree they resolve themselves into a
common sitting for discussion and a two-thirds vote is
then required for decision. Members are chosen by
universal suffrage, without distinction of sex.
Commerce and Industry. Soil and climate are not very

favorable to agriculture.

The chief crop

oats barley, rye,

;

and potatoes are also cultivated. The hay harvest is large

and important. Dairy farming on cooperative lines is making great progress; butter and tinned milk are exported.
Fishing is the principal occupation. Norway claims a fourmile instead of a three-mile territorial limit and so piany of

GAZETTEER OF PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES

the coastal fishing grounds are under her sovereignty. The
cod fishing is the most important. Silver, copper, iron and
The timber industry is important,
feldspar are mined.
IVIetric weights and measures.
especially in the south.
Communications. The total railroad mileage is about
lines join Christiania with
trunk
2,000 miles. Important
Bergen, and four lines run into Sweden. Coastwise steamers serve all ports.

Principal Towns. Oslo(Christiania) the capital; Bergen, an

important seaport with fishing and ship-building industry;

Trondhjem and Stavanger.

OMAN
Arabia whose
by Great Britain and France.
an area of 82,000 square miles. The chief products
are dates and other fruit. Maskat is the capital.

An independent

state in southeastern

integrity has been guaranteed

It has

Commerce and Industry. Excellent grazing land is

abundant and pastoral industries have made great advance
in recent years. The chief exports are hides, yerba mate
(Paraguay tea), oranges, tobacco, timber, meat, cattle and
quebiacho (tannin) extract. Chief imports are textiles,
provisions, hardware and fancy goods.
Communications. Total railroad mileage is less than
300 miles. Asuncion, the capital, is now in direct communication with Buenos Aires. The main channel of communication is the navigable system of the Plata. Large
river steamers and small sea-going ships penetrate as far
as Asuncion. Thence north, the Paraguay is navigable by
smaller steamers throughout the limits of the republic.
Metric weights and measures.
Principal Towns. Asuncion, the capital and chief river
port; Villa Rica, the center of tobacco growing; Villa Concepcion, a trading center

PANAMA
The Country.

Panama, formerly a department

of the

republic of Colombia, has an area of 32,380 square miles.

It occupies the narrowest portion of the connecting link

between North and South America, known as the Isthmus

of

Panama.

The

interior is elevated

and

drained by
peninsula of

is

The
short rapid streams to both coasts.
Azuero projects into the Pacific Ocean.
Government. The constitution provides for a chamber
of deputies of 33 members, and for a president of the republic, elected
gible

by

and not eliThere are three vice-

direct vote for four years

for the succeeding term.

presidents and a cabinet of five ministers.

Commerce and Industry. The most important product
Rubber is collected by the Indians of the
is the banana.

mountains, or is obtained from trees planted by Europeans

near the coast. Coffee is grown near theCostaRican frontier.
Other products are coconuts, mahogany, and other
woods, copaiba, sarsaparilla and ipecacuanha.^ The country has great timber resources. Cattle raising is carried on
successfully and hides form an important article of export.
Pearl fishing is carried on at the Pearl Islands in the Gulf

Panama and at Coiba Island. Turtle-shell is also exported to a considerable amount. Metric weights and
measures.
Communications. The U. S. government railroad beof

tween Colon and Panama, 48 miles in length, with a branch

line

on the Paraguay River.

PERSIA

3 miles to Balboa, the Pacific entrance to the canal,

the most important transportation route of the isthmus.

There are also other railroad lines of minor importance.
Principal Towns. Panama, the capital and chief port of
the Pacific; Colon, the chief port on the Caribbean.

The Country. Persia, country of Asia called Iran by the

Persians and Arabs, has an area of about 628,000 square
miles.
Most of the country is a plateau, from 2,500 feet
to 3,500 feet above the sea, surrounded by mountain
chains, except in the east, where are the huge salt deserts.
An extension, locally known as the Khorasan Mountains

Hindu Kush, enters on the northeast from Afghanand merges into the Elburz range south of the
Caspian, the Cighest peak being Mt. Demavend, 19,400
of the

istan

feet.

The Shah

Government.

of Persia divides his

power with

The emby governors-general

to the crown, and these are again

a cabinet and a national assembly or "Majlis."

pire is divided into provinces ruled

directly responsible

divided into districts, cities, and their dependencies.

Commerce and Industry. Deposits of coal and iron in
the Elburz Mountains, copper, lead and other metallic ores
in Kerman Desert, copper and turquoise in Khorasan and

rock salt near the Persian Gulf, are

but

little

exploited.

creasing quantity.

Petroleum

is

known but have been

being obtained in_ in-

The chief exports are petroleum, opium

animals, raw cotton, rice, wool and carpets.

Communications. Traflnc is by camels and cart caravans, merchants combining together for protection against
robbers who in some parts are well-armed and numerous.
Small steamers ply on the Karun as high as Ahwaz. With
the exception of a small line (six miles) at Teheran and a
branch of the Trans-Caspian Railway to Tabriz, there are

fruit,

is

no railways.

Towns. Teheran, the capital; Tabriz, manuand chief commercial center; Ispahan, the former
Meshed, principal city of the northeasL

Principal
facturing
capital;

PARAGUAY
Paraguay, one of the two inland counSouth America, has an area of about 97,722 square
An area officially stated to be 100,000 square miles
miles.
in extent, lying between the rivers Paraguay and Pilcomayo, known as the Chaco, is claimed by Paraguay, whose
rights, however, are disputed by Bolivia.
Government, The legislative authority is vested in a
congress of two houses, a senate and a chamber of deputies
elected by the people, the executive power being entrusted
to a president, elected for a term of four years, with five
ministers. There is also a non-active vice-president who
is at the same time president of the senate.

PERU

The Country.

tries of

republic with an area

The Cordilleras of the Andes divide Peru into three natural divisions. The first lies between the coast and the Maritime Cordillera, and consists
for the most part of desert. By means of irriga tion much

The Country.

A South American

of 709,871 square miles.

of this desert is

now

cultivated.

The second
and

lies

between

consists of grass-

the Maritime and Central Cordillera,

clad uplands, suitable for the rearing of cattle and sheep.
Further east in the mountainous regions between the Central and Real Cordilleras, there are huge mineral resources,

untapped for the most part

GAZETTEER OF PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES

Government. The legislative power is vested in a senate
of 35 members and a house of representatives of 110 members elected by direct vote and renewed totally every five
years. The executive power is entrusted to the president,
elected for five years
five years.

and not re-eligible

The president exercises

through a cabinet of

Commerce and

until after another

his executive functions

six ministers.

The mineral

Industry.

deposits which
are found in the mountainous regions of the east, consist of
gold, silver, copper, iron, lead, zinc,sulphur,

petroleum and

various valuable earths.

Cotton, sugar and corn are the
principal productions; coffee, cacao and coca (from which
is made) are also cultivated.
Cinchona, sarsapacopaiba are produced in large quantities. Rubber
which is now an important product is found in the basin

cocaine

ISI

and sugar beets are important crops. Flax and

wool, obtained locally and imported cotton are worked into
tatoes

textile goods.

Communications. Poland has about 8,000 miles of railways, all of which are the property of the state. There are
about 2,000 miles of navigable waterways of which 300
miles are accessible for vessels of over 400 tons. The most
important canal is the former German Bromberg Canal
from the Vistula to the Netze.
Principal Towns. Warsaw, the capital; Lodz, a great
textile industry center; Lemberg (Lwow), I&akow, the old
capital of Poland; Posen (Poznan), Bialystok, a railway
center with manufactures of linens, etc.

rilla,

of

the Amazon.

The

measures.

Communications. The Andean plateau has access to

the sea by two mountain railways. One of these, the
Callao-Oroya line, traverses the western Cordillera and is
linked by a north extension to the gieat copper mines of
Pasco. The Southern Railway mounts over the west Cordillera to the north shore of Lake Titicaca at Puno whence
steamers connect it with the Bolivian railway system.
These two mountain railways with their extensions, together traverse about 900 miles. But much of the transport in the mountains is still carried by troops of llamas
driven

by Indians.

from the Atlantic,

The

river port of Iquitos, 2,300 miles

is visited

by ocean steamers. Large

Amazonian

river steamers navigate great stretches of the

Metric weights and measures.

Principal Towns, lama, the capital with manufactui'es
of idss, furniture, etc.; Callao, the principal port; Cuzco,
the ancient capital of the Incas; Arequipa, a cathedral town.
affluents.

POLAND
The Country.

Poland, whose independence has been

re-established as the result of the war, consists of the Polish
territories formerly incorporated into Russia, Austria and
Prussia. The largest area was recovered from Russia, the
so-called "Congress" Poland; from Austria, Poland recovered Galicia, with the valuable oil and salt mines and from
Germany, Posen, West Prussia, and the necessary territory
for an outlet to the Baltic Sea.
It has an estimated area of
about 150,000 square miles. It consists essentially of the
basins of the Vistula and the Warthe (a tributary of the
Oder), and stretches from the Carpathian Mountains towards the Baltic Sea. Only by a narrow corridor does it
reach the shore, and the Free City of Danzig, at the head
of this corridor, lying outside of the Republic, is the port of
Poland.

Government. There are two chambers, a diet and a

senate, both elected by universal suffrage of both sexes.
The president, elected for a term ot seven years by the diet
and senate united in a national assembly, is the supreme
commander of the army, and can make treaties with foreign
powers.

Commerce and

PORTUGAL

exports consist chiefly of minerals,

and rubber. The principal imports are manufactured goods and machinery. Metric weights and

sugar, cotton

Industry.

In the production of coal, Po-

among the European countries. 1 1 occupies fifth place among the petroleum producing countries of

The Country.

Portugal,

a republic in the extreme

southwest of Europe, has an area of 34,254 square miles.
Including, however, the Azores and Madeira Islands in the
Atlantic Ocean, which politically form an integral part of
the republic, the area is 35,490 square miles. The length
of Portugal from north to south is approximately 300 miles
anditsaverage widthisalittlelessthan 100 miles. Physically, Portugal is an integral part of the Iberian peninsula,
its mountains and rivers being mainly prolongations of those
of Spain.
The longest river rising in Portugal is the Mondego. The chief rivers are the Minho, which forms part of
the northern boundary; the Guadiana, which forms part of
the southeastern frontier; the Duero and the Tagus.
Government. There are two chambers, viz.: the national council and the second or upper chamber. The
former consists of 164 members elected for three years by
direct suffrage; the latter is composed of 71 members,
elected by all the municipal councils and is renewable as to
one half of the members every three years. The president
is elected by both chambers, his term of oSice being for
four years; he may not be re-elected. He appoints the
ministers of state,

Commerce and

who

are responsible to parliament.

The vine is the most generwine the mostimportant product.

Industry.

allycultivated plant,and

In the mountainous regions, rye

is

grown and sheep and

goats are reared; in the north, corn and cattle are raised;
wheat and swine. Olive trees cover nearly

in the south,

1,000,000 acres;

figs,

tomatoes, potatoes, oranges, nuts, etc.

are grown. Fish, especially sardines and tunny fish are

caught, cured and tinned for exportation. Cotton-spinning ranks next after fishing. Articles manufactured of

cork are largely exported. Other industries are silk, leather,

glass, paper, and gold and silver filigree manufactures. Salt,
gypsum and marble are exported.
Communications. About 2,000 miles of railroads are in
operation, of which nearly half are state-owned.
Principal Towns. Lisbon, the capital and chief seaport;
Oporto, with extensive port wine trade; Setubal, noted for
and export of fruit and salt; Braga,
noted for its manufactures of firearms; Coimbra, an inland
city with a famous university.
Colonies and Dependencies. Portugal has a large
colonial empire in Africa totahng 927,292 square miles and
minor possessions in Asia, extending over 8,972 squan
miles.
Thus the total area of the colonies is 936,264 square

its sardine fisheries

land ranks third

miles.

the world.

In Africa the colonies are: Cape Verde Islands, 1,480

square miles, with the capital, Porto Praya; Guinea on the
coast of Senegal, with 13,940 square miles; Principe and St

Iron ore, copper, lead and rock salt are extensively mined. Rye is the chief cereal. Fruits, wheat, po-

GAZETTEER OF PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES

182

Thomas Islands \s-ith 360 square miles; Angola (Portuguese

West Africa) with 4S4,S00 square miles and a coast line of
1,000 miles; capital, Loanda; and Mozambique (Portuguese
East Africa) with an area of 428,132 square miles; capital,
Lourenco Marques.
In Asia the possessions are Goa, 1,469 square miles; Diu,
169 square miles; and Timor, 7,330 square
and Macao, 4 square miles, in China.

miles, in India;

RUMANIA
Rumania, which now has an area of 122,282 square miles, consisted in 1914, of the two principalities
of Walachia and Moldavia, together with the Dobruja on
the other side of the Danube. To these were added after

The Country.

the great war, Bessarabia to the east and Bukowina to the

north of Moldana, along with Transjlvania and part of
the Hungarian plain. The physical structure of Rumania
Walachia is bordered on the
is comparatively simple.
north and Moldavia on the west by the great arc of the
Carpathians. On the south and east this range passes into

a region of

hills

which in Walachia has an extreme breadth

The Dobruja, situated between the Black

Sea and the Danube in its northward course, is hilly in
of fifty miles.

the north, plateau-like in the south and marshy along the

coast, especially in the deltaic land of the northeast.
Bessarabia, in soil and climate, belongs essentially to the
steppe lands of Russia. Transylvania, is, on the whole,
a mountainous coimtry; on the east and south lie the
Carpathians, while within the great curve formed by
them is a high tableland, relieved by various ranges and
deeply dissected by river valleys. To the southwest of
Transylvania lies the Banat, much of which has been

ceded to Rumania.

GoTernment. Constitutional monarchy. No act of the

king can become effective until it has been countersigned
by the minister of state. The executive power which belongs to the crown is generally exercised by the council of
ministers appointed and dismissed by the king. Parhament consists of two houses, a chamber of deputies and a
senate. All citizens of twenty-one years, paying taxes, are
electors.

Commerce and

Industry.

About 80 per

cent, of the pop-

ulation are engaged in agriculture. Wheal is the chief crop

cultivated, but com and other cereals, the mulberrj-, tobacco and vines are also grown. Principal mining prod-

ucts are

oil,

salt, lignite, iron

and copper

ore.

Metric

weights and measures.

About 7,500 miles of railway and a

navigation service on the Danube and Black Sea are all
Communications.

under government control.

PrincipalTowns. Bukharest (Bucuresti), the capital;
Jassy; Galatz, chief port on the Danube; Ismail, a river
port in Bessarabia Ivishenef , a trading center in Bessarabia.
;

RUSSIA
The Country.

The former Russian empire extended

from the Baltic Sea to the Pacific Ocean and from the Black
Sea to the Arctic Ocean, stretching nearly half way around
the globe and including an area of 8,500,000 square miles.
Of this area it lost about 300,000 square miles to Finland,
Poland, Lat^ia, Lithuania, Esthonia, which have been recognized as independent countries and Bessarabia, which was
annexed by Rumania. The official name of Russia is now:

Union of Socialist Soviet Republics and is a federation of

seven socialist republics: Russia proper including Siberia,
Ukraine, Azerbaijan, Armenia, White Russia, Khiva, and
Georgia; six autonomous republics, and ten autonomous
areas. Georgia includes two additional autonomous republics and one autonomous area.
Russia is mostly a plain and
nowhere does the land rise to heights exceeding 1,200 feet;
only in the fringing Caucasus, Crimean heights and Urals
are there peaks exceeding 5,000 feet; for roughly 200 miles
north of the Caspian Sea, the land is below sea level.
Neariy all the most useful rivers radiate from the Valdai
Hills, the central boss.
Of them the greatest is the Volga,
which flows east to Kasan and then south to the Caspian,
receinng the Kama set of tributaries from the Urals. The
Don and the Dnieper flow to the Black Sea, the Dvina to
the Baltic Sea across Latvia and the Volkhof to Lake
Ladoga which drains by the Neva to the Gulf of Finland.
Government.

The government

and navested in

of the peoples

tionalities inhabiting the territory of

Russia

is

and central Soviets or councils of workers

delegates. Only those have qualifications for

local, regional,

and

soldiers

franchise

The

who

central

are earning a livelihood

power

is

in the

hands

by the All-Russian

sars elected

periodically in

Moscow.

local or regional Soviets,

by productive

of the peoples

labor.

commis-

so\iet congress convened

Local affairs are settled by the

but matters pertaining to war,
hands of the

foreign affairs, foieign trade, etc. are in the

government. Many of the largest industries

have been socialized and are nm by the government,
though smaller industries are run by private ouTiers.

central

Commerce and Industry. Under normal conditions Rusthe world's greatest grower of rye and barley, and was
second only to the United States in the production of oats
and wheal. Less than a quarter of these grain crops were
exported. Skins, hides and furs are also largely exported
under normal conditions. Flax and hemp are products of
the wet soils of the west; sugar beets are cultivated in the
southwest, near the Dnieper; and tobacco, vines, mulberry
trees and cotton are produced in the warm south.
The forests jield timber, wood pulp, wooo pitch and turpentine,
and the tundra yields furs. Coal is mmed west of the Urals,
south of Moscow and in the valley of the Donetz; iron is
mined in the first two coal fields, in the neighborhood of
Krivoi Rog, 100 miles northeast of Kherson and near
Kertch in the Crimea.
saa is

Communications.

In October 1917 the length of

rail-

ways was 34,000 miles. There are over 20,000 miles of

rivers, canals, and lakes navigable for steamers.
PrincipalTowns. Moscow, the capital; Petrograd, the
former capital; Odessa, a great port on the Black Sea; Kief,
the former capital of LTcraine;Kharkof, the present capital

and industrial center.

Russia in Asia and Dependencies. Siberia forms an integral part of So\"iet Russia; Turkestan, Khirghiz, Yakut,
and Buriat-Mongol are autonomous republics. Oirad is an
autonomous

area.

ing, however,

Allied to Soviet Russia, without form-

an integral part

of

it, is

the former vassal state

of the Russian Empire:

Bokhara, with an area of 83,000 square miles.

duces mostly cotton and raw

and

fruit

silk;

trees are extensively

It prowheat, hemp, tobacco,

cultivated,

and sheep,

camels, and horses are br^d in the steppes. Gold, alum,

The principal towns are
salt, and sulphur are found.
Bokhara, Kermineh, Karshi, and Charjui.

GAZETTEER OP PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES

Khna, on the Sea of Aral,

one of the seven members of

the Union. Its area is about; 24,000 square miles. It consists mainly of sandy deserts, the only fertile part being the

Amu-Daria delta. Here grains and fruit are cultivated.

The chief industries are pottery and textile fabrics. Khiva
is

the capital.

SALVADOR
The Country. Salvador, the

smallest of the American

and the only one of the Central American states
lying wholly on the Pacific, has an area of 13,253 square
miles. The Pacific coast plain is narrow, and is backed by
the coast range of mountains, which rise above 7,000 feet,
and contain many volcanoes. The chief river is the Lempa.
Government. The administrative atTairs of the republic
are carried on, under the president, by a ministry of four
members, having charge of the departments. Every citirepublics

zen over eighteen years of ago not only has the right, but
compelled to vote.

Commerce and

is

Industry.

Population is largely engaged

in agriculture.
Coffee is the chief crop and the chief export;
cacao, sugar, indigo and tobacco are grown. Cattle are
numerous.
Gold, silver, copper, iron and mercury occur.
Metric weights and measures.
Communications. Total railroad mileage is 213 miles.
Principal Towns. San Salvador, the capital ; Santa Ana,
center of the sugar-growing district, and San Miguel, an
agricultural center.

The Country. Spain, a kingdom in the southwest of

Europe, occupying about five-sixths of the Iberian Penan area of 194,783 square miles. The Balearic
Islands and the Canary Islands form two of its forty-nine
provinces; the province of Cadiz includes Ceuta, a fortified station on the north coast of Morocco.
A greater part
of the surface is a tableland ranging in height from 2,000
feet to 3,0t)0 feet above sea level.
This great table land is
enclosed by the Cantabrian Mountains and the Pyrenees
on the north and the Sierra Morcna on the south. Outside
tho plateau lie the highest summits of tho whole country,
tho Pic do Nethou in the Pyrenees being over 11,000 feet.
The plateau itself is traversed by four mountain-ranges
which separate tho valley of the Ebro from that of the
Duero. All tho considerable rivers except tho Ebro flow
westward to the Atlantic.
Government. Spain is a constitutional monarchy and
legislation is vested in the king and tho cortes (senate and
congress). The senate consists of not more than 300 members and congress of deputies in the proportion of one to
every 50,000 of the population.
Commerce and Industry. Spain is largely an agriculinsula, has

Wheat, barley, maize, rye, oats and rice

are tho chief crops; the annual production of grape-juice
exceeds 500,000,000 gallons and of olive oil 385,000 tons.
Silk culture and stock raiding are important branches of
tural country.

Coal, iron, copper, lead, zinc, mercury, iron

lignite are mined.
Tho chief imports are raw
and coke, chiimical proiiucts and
the chief exports are metals and mineral ores, wine,

industry.

SAN MARINO
The Country, One of the oldest states in Europe and
one of the smallest republics in the woild, entirely surby Italian territory. The frontier is 24 miles long
and encloses an area of 38 square miles. The state is hilly,
embracing spurs of the Apennines. Authority rests in the
council of 60 popularly elected members; a third of whom
are renewable every three years, and from whom two selected councillors act as regents for a period of six months.
Wine, cattle and stone are exported.
The capital, whose
name is also San Marino, is situated on the Mt. TitanOo
rountied

SIAM
The Country.

An independent kingdom

of southeaEtern
Asia in the Indo-Chinese peninsula, occupying an area of
198,900 square miles. Tho climate is hot, but not unhealthy and the country is mountainous and forest-covered.
Government. Siam is nominally a constitutional, but

pyrites,

and

cotton, machinery, coal

fish;

and manufactures and cork.

Total length of railways is about
private companies.
Principal Towns. Madrid, the capital; Barcelona, the
chief seaport, on tho Mediterranean; Valencia, important
center of tobacco and pottery; Seville, a thriving port and
chief city of Andalusia; Malaga, an important seaport and
health resort; Saragossa, capital of the former kingdom of
Aragon; Cartagena, fortified seaport on the Mediterranean.
Colonies and Dependencies, The former great colonial
empire of Spain is now considerably reduced. All colonies
are in Africa and occupy a total area of 128,149 square miles.
They consist of Spanish Morocco with 7,700 sq. miles, with
the fortified towns of Ceuta and Melilla; Ifni, 965 sq. miles;
Rio de Oro, 109,200 sq. miles; and Spanish Guinea, including Fernando Po and other small islands, 10,284 sq. miles.
olive oil, oranges, cotton

Communications.

10,000 miles, owned

practically an absolute monarchy. The king, assisted by a

cabinet of 12 ministers with crown nominees, form a legis-

Rice is tho staple crop and the

Other produce includes pepper, sesamum,
Industry.

main export.
cardamoms, areca nut, gamboge and tobacco. Teak is tho
chief commercial ])roduct of tho forests. The mineral resources are exlunsivo and varied, including tin, tungsten,
wolfram, coal and iron, zinc, manganese and antimony.
Communications. About 1,500 miles of railway are in
operation. It is now possible to travel by train to Bangkok, via Penang (Georgetown) to Singapore. The Menam
is navigable by deep-draught launches during flood for 275
miles.

Principal Towns. Bangkok, the capital, principal port

and trading center; Ayuthia, trading center on the Menam

Eiver

by

SWEDEN
The Country.

lative council.

Commerce and

183

SPAIN

is

Sweden occupying the eastern and larger

portion of the Scandinavian peninsula, has an area of 173,035 square miles. Tho length is nearly 1,000 miles and it
has a coast hno of over 1,500 miles. Besides the large number of small islands which fringe the coast, Sweden includes
the two largo Baltic islands of Gotland and Oland. Her
islands cover an area of 3,000 sq. miles. Tho whole coun,

a tal)leland sloping from the Kjolen range to the Balless than 8 per cent of the surface of Sweden is
water, the immense number of lakes covering 14,000 square
miles. The two largest are Wenner and Wetter, in the
southern portion of the country and are connected by an
try

tic.

is

No

system of canals.
Government. Sweden is a constitutional monarchy, the
king's power being exercised in conjunction with a council
excellent

GAZETTEER OP PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES

184
of state

and a

diet.

There are two chambers, the

first

of

150 members and the second of 230.

Commerce and Industry.

toes, barley,

rye and

Principal crops are oats , potawheat.

Live stock are produced in

A large amount of butter is exported.

Forests of pine, fir and larch cover more than half of the
area and her output of timber and paper pulp is very large.
great number.

The mining

of iron ore

and the production of iron and slee!

of utmost importance.
Cream separators, matches,
lighthouse apparatus, telephone supplies, motors and many

is

kinds of electrical machinery are among the highly specialPorcelain factories and the glass

ized products of industry.

factories produce wares that

have achieved a high reputa-

About 3,500,000 H.P.

are available for hydroelectric development, of which
800,000 are being used. Metric weights and measurements.
tion in the markets of the world.

Communications. Sweden has about 10,000 miles of

railway supplemented by an excellent system of canals.
Steamer communication is kept up on the internal waterways along the coast during the open season.
Principal Towns. Stockholm, the capital; Gottenborg
the chief seaport; Malmo, a seaport opposite Copenhagen;
Norrkoping, an important manufacturing town.

SWITZERLAND
The Country.

Switzerland, an inland mountainous

country in the central portion of the Alps, has an area of
15,976 square miles. The northwest of the country
bounding France and Germany consists of some of the
parallel ridges and valleys of the Jura Mountains.
Between Lake Constance on the Rhine and the Lake of
Geneva on the Rhone are the Lakes Neuchatel, Zurich,
Lucerne, Brienz, Bienne, etc., which all drain to, the Aar.
Lake Geneva and Lake Constance each exceed 200 square
miles in area; Lake Neuchatel covers 93 square miles.
Owing to its elevation, much of Switzerland is under
permanent snow.
Government. Smtzerland is a confederate republic
of twenty-five cantons. The parliament consists of the
state council (44 members) and the national council
(189 members). The federal assembly which consists
of both chambers, is the supreme authority. The referendum is used when legislative measures are submitted
directly to the people.
The separate cantons have an
independent system of local government.
Commerce and Industry. The thousands of tourists
who visit Switzerland have made hotel-keeping one of the
principal industries of the country. Silk, cotton and
textile mills employ thousands, the manufacture of machinery, clocks and watches, and dairy farming are the
most important economic factors of Switzerland. Large
quantities of milk are consumed in chocolate factories
and milk-condensing concerns, and in the manufacture
of cheese for export. Metric weights and measures.
Communications. About 4,000 miles of railways are
in operation, a large portion of which is electrified.
Principal

Towns.

Zui'ich,

gi'eat

industrial

center;

Basel, manufacture of silk ribbons; Bern, the capital;

(St. Gallen), industrial center south of Lake
Constance; Lausanne, educational center; Geneva, headand noted for its

St. Gall

quarters of the League of Nations,

watches; Lucerne, great tourist center.

TURICEY
The Country. Turkey, now reduced in size to about
174,900 square miles, comprises a portion of Thrace

adjacent to Constantinople and is now mainly confined

to Asia Minor, a peninsula of southwestern Asia. This
peninsula from north to south varies in length from three
hundred to four hundred miles and from east to west is

about 800 miles. Much of the district is an elevated

plateau, the altitude varying from 6,000 to 2,500 feet
above the sea. Among the chief mountains are the
Taurus Chains, stretching across the south of the country
from the southwest shore of the Aegean to the the north
of Syria, their principal peaks reaching from 7,000 feet to
10,000 feet; the Bulgar Mountains are upwards of 10,000
feet and the Ala Mountains, north of Adana, are 8,000 to
10,000 feet high. Between the mountains on the north
and on the south are several chains, from one of which
near Kaisarieh, soars Mount Argaeus, 13,100 feet and
the highest peak in Asia Minor. Flowing into the Black
Sea are the Chorok, the Yeshil Irmak, the Kizil Irmak
(Halys) and the Sakaria. Into the Mediterranean flow
the Sihun and the Jihun. In the east of Asia Minor are
the
sadwaters of both the Euphrates and the Tigris as
well as of the Aras (Araxes). The lakes are the Tuz, 60
miles long; the Kirili, 30 miles long; the Eyerdir, 30 miles
long in Anatolia; and Lake Van 80 miles long.
Government. Constitutional republic with national assembly elected by the people and a council of state appointed by the president. The executive power is entrusted
)

to a cabinet responsible to the assembly.

Commerce and Industry. Agriculture

is

primitive,

but

the soil, where cultivable, is fertile and produces considerable crops of wheat, barley, cotton, tobacco, nuts, figs,
ohves, grapes and other fruits. A large quantity of opium
is groNvn.
The exports include cereals, cotton, fruit,
olive oil, tobacco, carpets and wool.
Asia Minor is rich
in minerals, which, however, are only slightly worked.

About 1,500 miles of railways are

Bagdad railroad extends from
the Bosphorus via Adana and Aleppo to Nisibin.
Principal Towns. Constantinople, the capital; Smyrna,
an important seaport; Brusa, the ancient capital and cenCommunications.

in operation.

The

so-called

ter of silk manufacture; Sivas, a

mining center; Angora,

the provisional capital.

UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA

The Country. The Union of South Africa is a self-governing dominion of the British Empire; area 473,089 square
miles. The Union of South Africa consists of the four prov-

Cape of Good Hope, Natal, Transvaal and Orange

Free State. South Africa is a vast tableland with a lofty
rim to the east and south, represented by the Drakensberg
and other mountains. The main drainage is carried west
by the Orange and Vaal Rivers. The Cape region has a
vegetation of evergreen trees, shrubs and heaths; the wellwatered eastern terraces are clothed with a rich wooded
savannah, with palms on the coastal belt; over vast acres
of the eastern tableland there is an almost treeless grassland, the veldt, which merges westwards into scrub and
bush, composed of thorn bushes and other droughtinces, the

In the north the gi-assland is wooded,

and is known as the bush veldt. Southwest /I /"nVa, formerly
German, with an area of 322,400 square miles, is now administered by the Union under a mandate from the League
resisting plants.

of Nations.

Government Under the act constituting the Union,

the sovereign appoints a governor-general, who, with an

GAZETTEER OF PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES

executive council, administers the executive government
Departments of state have been estabof the Union.
lished, the governor-general appointing officers to administer them. Legislative power is vested in a parlia-

ment consisting of the king, a senate and a house of

assembly. The senate may not be dissolved within ten
years of the establishment of the Union. There must be
a session of parliament every year.
Industry. The most important cereal
Tobacco is widely grown. The leading
Dairy farming is
is sheep raising.
very successful in Natal on the higher and cooler eastern
terraces and in similarly situated parts of the Cape

Commerce and

crop

is

corn.

pastoral occupation

Government.

The

185

country, a federal republic of forty-

is bound together by the pact of

1787, put in force in 1789. The Federal Government,
from its seat at Washington, deals with only such matters
as the states have delegated to it, and each state retains

eight sovereign states,

complete authority over

The government

all

unenumerated categories.
army and

looks after foreign relations,

navy, and dependencies, and controls interstate trade,

customs, post office, currency, bankruptcy and patents.
The ordinary civil and criminal law are state matters,

but income tax, suits between residents of different

states, prohibition, and the majority of banks are
under the control of Washington. The president and

The

province.

vice-president are elected every four years.

enormous; of

president presides over senate, and, in case the president

The president is commander-indies, fills out his term.

Ostriches are reared. The mineral wealth is

this, gold represents considerably more than
Ranking second to the gold mines as regards the
half.
value
of their output are the diamond mines.
monetary

Coal

is

mined

in the Transvaal

and Orange Free

State.

Among metals of secondary importance are copper and

The Union is now the world's largest producer of
tin.
conmdum, and has valuable asbestos mines. As regards
manufactures, the products include biscuits, jams and
preserves, beer, cement, soap, candles, matches, furniture,

and shoes, explosives, chemicals, tobacco,

and so forth.
Communications. The whole transport system of
South Africa railways, ports and harbors is owned and
managed by the State. There are nearly 10,000 miles of

leather, boots

vehicles

railway.
Principal Towns. Johannesburg, the center of the
densely populated gold mining region; Cape Town, the
premier port of South Africa; Durban ranks second,
and is the principal port for Johannesburg; the nearest
port to the latter city is, however, Delagoa Bay (Lourenco
Marques), which takes a certain portion of the Transvaal

trade; Pretoria, Port Elizabeth

and East London.

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Area of the contiguous territory of
United States is 3,026,791 square miles.
Length from north to south is 1,780 miles, width from east
to west 3,100 miles, coastline 21,354 miles. Mountains
and highlands cover the eastern and western borders;
the Rocky Mountains in the west, the Appalachians in
the east. Short slopes and coastal plains di-ained eastward by the Hudson, Delaware, Susquehanna, Potomac
and other rivers, and westward by the Columbia and
Colorado, extend from the mountains to the sea-boards.
Between the mountain-systems is the great central valley
Tlie

Country.

continental

of the Ohio-Missouri-Mississippi river system.

Waterfalls,

Niagara, are features along many of the

The climates vary in different regions, owing to
rivers.
the size of the country. Its northern regions are in a zone
where winters are long and severe; its southern extremities
But for the most part the country
lie near the tropics.
is temperate, though tiie summers are much hotter and
the winters colder than in western Europe. The prevailing
winds of the northwest are from the Pacific Ocean; they
give the western coast a mild and fairly uniform climate.
In Florida and Texas there are regions where tropical
vegetation flourishes; in California and the states along
the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic, as far north as Virginia,
subtropical plants are found.
chief of

which

is

vice-

army and navy, and until it comes to treatymaking, is supreme in foreign affairs. He can, within ten
days of its passage, veto any bill. The senate, representing
the states as sovereign entities, has two members from each
state, regardless of its importance; the house has state delegations proportionate to their population. Senators sit
for six years, and, as one third retire every second year, the
life of the senate is never interrupted and is periodically renewed. Congressmen are elected for two years, a general
election being held every presidential year and again two
chief of the

years later.

Commerce and Industry. The mineral supply is one of

the chief natural sources of wealth of the country, which
exceeds every other in its output of coal, iron, oil and silThe deposits of gold, quick-silver, lead and copver.
per also are extensive. In the west and northeast are
dense forests of pine, spruce, birch and maple; in the
southeast the cedar, pine, and many valuable hard woods
abound; in the east-central part grow oak, maple, hickory,
elm, and other useful trees, while in California are found
the giant sequoia trees. The great agricultural region, raising three fourths of the corn and wheat crop of the world,
is in the northern and central part of the Mississippi Valley.
Three fourths of the cotton supply of the world, and half
the tobacco crop, together with corn, rice, and tropical
grow luxuriantly in the south; grains, vegetables,
fruits, including grapes, are cultivated extensively in
California. The raising of cattle, sheep, hogs and poulfruits,

try, are

important industries, yielding an immense product

for export.

Communications. Total railway mileage 270,000. Total

tonnage of American shipping about 7,000,000. The New
York Barge Canal from Buffalo on Lake Erie to Troy on
the Hudson River is 352 miles long, to which its Oswego and
Cayuga-Seneca tributaries add another 100 miles. The
Great Lakes are connected with each other and by canals
with the Atlantic Ocean, Saint Lawrence River and the
Mississippi River. There are over 290 streams in the
country used to a substantial degree for navigation, with
an approximate navigable mileage of 26,400.
Principal Towns. New York City, Chicago, Philadelphia, Detroit, Cleveland, St. Louis, Boston, Baltimore,

Pittsburgh, Los Angeles, Buffalo.

kee, Washington, the capital.

San Francisco, Milwau-

Dependencies. The total area of Dependencies and

non-contiguous territory of the United States is 716,740
square miles divided as follows: On the Continent of
America, Alaska, with an area of 590,884 square miles,
forms a territory of the United States, governed conjointly

GAZETTEER OF PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES

1S6

at Washington and by the local legislative assembly consisting of 8 senators and 16 representatives.

by Congress

The seat

of government and largest

town

Juneau. Other
dependencies in Ameiica are the Panama CanalZone, with
an area of about 500 square miles, the ViTgin Islands, with
an area of 132 square miles, (formerly Danish West Indies),
and its capital, St. Thomas, and the island of Porto Rico,
with an area of 3,425 square miles and its capital, San Juan.
In the Pacific Ocean is the most important dependency,
the Philippine Islands, with a total area of 114,400 square
milea and the capital, Manila. A governor-general, appointed by the president of the United States, administers
the islands in conjunction with the local legislative body,
consisting of two houses, the senate and a house of representatives. Other dependencies in Oceania are the
islands of Guam, with an area of 225 square miles; Hawaii,
with an area of 6,449 square miles with the capital Honolulu, and American Samoa, with an area of 102 square miles.
is

URUGUAY
The
miles.

Uruguay hag an area of 72,153 square

The most notable feature of Uruguay is its long

Country.

almost the entire length of the

country, occasionally broken by low mountain ranges and
copiously watered by numerous streams. The Uruguay
River, forms the western boundary with its chief tributary
the Negro, draining the entire central portion of the republic. The climate is generally moderate and healthy.
rolling plains, comprising

GoTemment The

executive is divided between the

president and a national administrative council. The
president is elected for four years by direct vote and may
be re-elected after an interval of eight years. The national administrative council consists of nine members, six
of the majority party and three of the largest minority
party; three retiring every two years. The election is by
direct popular vote. The president appoints the ministers
of foreign atfairs, of war and maiine and of the interior and
has supreme control of these departments; the other ministers are appointed by the council.
The legislative power
is vested in a parhament of two houses, the senate and the
of representatives, which meet in annual session.
In the interval of the session, a permanent committee of
five members of the lower house assumes
the control of the executive power. The representatives
are chosen for three years. The senators are chosen for six

chamber

two senators and

by an electoral college whose members are du-ectly

by the people.
Commerce and Industry. Sheep and cattle raising are

years

elected

the principal industry. Agriculture is also practiced to a

considerable extent, nearly all of the cereals being growTi.
Wine is produced in considerable quantities, and tobacco
and olives are cultivated. In the northern department,

gold mines are worked. Silver, copper, lead, magnesia

and lignite coal are found. The exports consist almost en-

animal products. Metric weights and measxires.

Communications. River transport is very extensive.

tirely of

The Uruguay

affords the principal means of communicaa total length of nearly 1,600 miles
the
ports
up
with the chief centers of commerce.
Principal Towns. Montevideo, the capital and chief
seaport; Paysandu, seaport on the Uruguay, with meat
packing interests; Salto, also on the Umguay, with largo
trade in hides,

tions, while railways of

link

VENEZUELA
The Country. Venezuela has an
miles.

area of 398,594 squara

It comprises roughly the basin of the Orinoco

and the district surrounding the Gulf of Maracaibo. The

country is divided geographically into three distinct zones,
viz., the extensive plains and river valleys, Icnown as llanos,
affording excellent pasturage for cattle; the mountain section, formed by three mountain ranges; and the tablelands. This variety of physical features yields an equal
variety of climate, products and soil.
Government. Legislative authority of the republic is
vested in a congress of two chambers, the senate and the
of deputies. The former consists of forty members elected for three years, two for each state. The latter
constituted by du-ect election for three years. The exec-

chamber
is

utive power is exercised by the president in conjunction

with the cabinet ministers through whom he acts. The
president is elected by congress for seven years; there is no
restriction as to re-election.

Commerce and Industry. Coffee and cacao are largely

grown and exported and wheat and other cereals thrive.
The mountains are heavily wooded and many useful trees
and plants are found. The mines produce gold, silver,
copper and lead; the various asphalt lakes yield the best
quality of asphalt; along the coast pearls are obtained.

Metric weights and measures.

Communications. Total railway mileage is about 700
The waterways of Venezuela form important means
of communication and transportation, there being no less
than 70 navigable rivers in the country with a total navigable length of over 6,000 nailes of which the Orinoco, with
miles.

furnishes neaily 4,000 miles. A regular

steamship service is maintained on the Orinoco, between
Ciudad Bolivar and the interior, as well as points along the
coast. Ocean-going vessels enter Lake Maracaibo which
is navigable in its entirety.
Principal Towns. Caracas, the capital; Maracaibo, the
city with extensive export trade in coffee, cocoa and rubber; Ciudad Bohvar, on the right bank of the Orinoco,
with export trade of coffee, hides, etc.; Puerto Cabello, and
its tributaries,

La Guaua,

seaports.

DISTANCES BETWEEN- THB CITIBS OF THE

V.

S.

DISTANCES BETWEEN THE LARGER CITIES

OF THE UNITED STATES
The

War

distances are

Department's

Fbom

by the shortest usually traveled

official

table of distances.

railroad routes.

Compiled from the

iEEAS OF THE EAETH

PRINCIPAL RELIGIONS
OF THE WORLD

Copu,

etc.

7,000,000

CHARACTER OF lATO) OF THE EARTH

'^RE MILES

PRINCIPAL RELIGIOUS DENOMINATIONS

OF THE UNITED STATES

VOTE FOR PRESIDENT

...,

....

... .....

VOTE FOR PRESIDENT

PRESIDENTIAL VOTE
Year and
Party

Candidate and State

Total

Elect.

Vote

Vote

1876-1924

Year and
Party

Total
Vote

Candidate and State

Elect.

Vote

1876

Rutherford

Rep

B. Hayes, O.

4,033, 9S0

Samuel J. Tildeii, N. Y
Greenback. Peter Cooper, N. Y
Prohib
Green Clay Smith, Ky
Amer
James B. Waker, HI

4,284,885
81,740
9,S22
2,636

Rep

J\irES A. Garfikld, Ohio.

Dem

W.

4,449,0S3
4.442.030
307.306
10,305

Dem

1904

Rep

Theodore Roosevelt, N.

Dem
Peop

Soc.

Hancock, Pa
Greenback. James B. Weaver, Iowa.
Prohib
Ncal Dowe, Me
Amer
John W. Phelps, Vt
S.

Gro\'er Ci.E\'ELANr), N. Y.
James G. Blaine, Me
Prohib
John P. St. John. Kan
Greenback. Benj. F. Butler, Mass

Rep

Dem

Dem
Prohib
U. Labor.
United L..

Amer
Soc

N.

182

William

J.

7.679.006
6,409.106
420.820
252.683
83.562
28,131
13,825

Neb

Bryan,

Eugene V. Debs, Ind.

Eugene W. Chafin, 111.

Ind. League Thos. L. Hisgen, Mass.

Peop
Thos. E. Watson, Ga.
Soc. L
August Gillhaus, N. Y.

Dem
Rep
Prog
Soc
Prohib.
Soc. L.

1.591

.
.

Dem

Gro%t:r Cleveland, N. Y..

Rep

Ben. Harrison, Ind

James B. Weaver, Iowa
John Bidwell, Cal

Prohib
Soc. Lab... Simon Wing, Mass

5,554.414
5.190.802
1,027.329
271.058
21,164

277

7,035,638

271

145

22

WnoDROW Wilson. N. J
William H. Taft, Ohio
Theodore Roosevelt, N. Y.
Eugene V. Debs. Ind
Eugene W. Chaplin. Ariz.
Arthur E. Reimer, Mass

6,286.214
.5.483.922
.

2,063

Peop

321
162

1912
5,444,337
5,540,050
250.125
146.897
2.808

A. J. Streeter, 111
R. H. Cowdry, 111
Jas. L. Curtis,

219

4.011.017
4,848,334
151,809
133.825

BENjAiON Harrison, Ind

Grover Cleveland. N. Y
Clinton B. Fisk. N. J

Rep

William H. Taft, Ohio

Soc
Prohib

1884

Rep

336
140

1908

707

Dem

Y.. 7,628,834
5,084,491
402.460
259,257
Thomas E. Watson, G;i
114.753
Charles H. Corregan, N. Y.
33,724

Alton B. Parker, N.
Eufjene V. Debs, Ind
Silas C. Swallow, Pa

Soc
Prohib

4,126.020
901,873
207.928
29,259

1916

Dem.
Rep.
Soc.

WooDROW

Wilson, N. J

Chas. E. Hughes, N. Y
Allen J. Benson. N. Y
Frank Hanly, Ind
Arthur Reimer, Mass

Prohib.

J.

Soc. L..

9,129.606
8.538.221
585.113
220.506
13,403

277
254

16.138.914
9.142.438
192.438
915.302
272,514

404

15.718,789
.378.962
,822.319
37.008
28.161
20.337
2.236
3,257

382
136

1896

William McKinley, Ohio.

Rep

Dem

WiHi-am J. Bryan, Neb

l ^ ,^, n,-c
WiUiim J. Bryan, Neb
/ 6,467,946
Prohib
Joshua Levering, Md
141 ,676
Nat.-Dem.. John M. Palmer, HI
131.529
Ch-'.rles H. Matchett, N. Y..
Soc. Lab.
36.454
Charles E. Bentley, Neb
Nat.
13,969

it.:

176

Peop

1920
Rep.

Dem.

Warren

Soc.
Far.-L..
.

1900

G. H.\rding. Ohio.

James M. Cox, Ohio

Aaron Sherm.an Watkins
Eugene V. Debs, Ind

Prohib.
.

Perley Parker Christensen...

127

1924

Rep

William McKintxy, Ohio.

W iliiam J. Bryaa, Neb
Prohib
John G. Woolley, 111
A.-F. Peop. Wharton Barker, Pa
Soc Dem. Eugeae V. Debs, Ind

...

Dem

Jos. F. MaUonev, Mass

U.Christian J. F. R. Leonard, Iowa
U. Reform. Seth H. EUis, Ohio

Soc.

292

7.219.530
6,358,071

155

209.166
50,373
96,768

32,75 1
1,059

Rep

CALVIN COOLIDGE
John W. Davis

Dem

Robt. M. LaFollettc.
William Z. Foster
Soc.L.... Frank T. Johns
Prohib... Herman P. Fans
Amer.
Gilbert O. Nations
Com. Ld. William J. WaUace

Prog

Far.-L....

5,698

13

DATA OF STATES
Admitted to the
Union

State

Alabama

Dec.
Feb.

14, 1819.
14, 1912.
June 15, 1836.
Sept. 9. 1850.

Arizona
Arkansas
California

Aug.

1876
*Jan. 9, 1788
*Dec. 7, 1787 ...

Colorado
Connecticut

Delaware

March

Florida

Georgia

*Jan. 2, 1788

Idaho

July
Dec.
Dec.
Dec.

Blinois

Indiana

3, 1890
3. 1818
11, 1816.

Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky

28, 1846.
Jan. 29, 1861. ..

Louisiana

April 8, 1812.

June

Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi

Missouri

Montana

1,

March

Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts.

3, 1845..

1792
.

15. 1820..

'April 28, 1 788.

'Feb. 6, 1788.
Jan. 26, 1837..
Alay 11, 1858.
Dec. 10. 1817.
Aug. 10, 1821 ..
.

Nov.

8,

1889

Thirteen Original States.

Area

Rep.

Sq. IVL

Cong

51.998
113,956
53.335
158.297
103.948
4.965
2.370
58.666
59,265
83.888
56.665
36,354
56.147
82.158
40,598
48.506
33,040
12.327
8.266
S7.980
4,6S2
46.S65
69,420
146,997

Elec.

Admitted to the
Union

State

Nebraska

March

Nevada

New Hampshire.
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina.
North Dakota
Ohio

*Dec. 18, 1787.

Jan. 6, 1912.
'July 26, 1788.

Rhode Island

Utah
Vermont
Virginia

Washington
West Virginia

'Nov. 21, 1789.

Nov. 2, 1889.
Nov. 29, 1802.
Nov. 16, 1907.

Oregon
South Carolina.
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas

. .

Oklahoma
Pennsylvania.

1867.
Oct. 31, 1864.
'June 2 1 1788.
1,

Feb. 14. 1859.

.'Dec. 12, 1787.
'May 29, 1790.
'May 23, 1788.
.

Nov.
June

2. 1889.

1, 1796.
Dec. 29. 1845..
Jan. 4, 1896.
.

March

4, 1791..

'Tune 26. 1788.

Nov.

11, 1589.

Tune 19, 1363.

Wisconsin

May

Wyocning

July 10, 1890..

29, 1848.

Area
Sq.

Rep.

M. Cong.

Elec
Vote

77.520
110.690

9.341
8.224
122,634

49,204
52,426
70,837
41,040
70,057
96,699
45.126
1,248

30,939
77,615
42,022

265,896
84.590
9.564
42.627
69.127
24,170
56,C66
97.914

3
14
3

45
12

S
24
10
5
38
5
9
5
12

20
4

4
12
7

CROSS-WORD PUZZLE
1

No. I

CROSS-WORD PUZZLE
1

No. II

CROSS-WORD PUZZLE

No. Ill

CROSS-WORD PUZZLE

No.

IV

DEFINITIONS
HORIZONTAL

1.

4.

The Gopher State (ab.)

The Stub Toe State (ab.)

8. Unaspirated

10. Fervor

12.

And

17. Province in Union of S

Africa
19. Sinned

21. Previous

(Latin)

13. City in Northern Peru

month

(ab.)

24. GreenMountainStateCab.)

37. Capita! of Bolivia

26. City in Peru

39. Each (ab.)

29. Southeastern State (ab.)

40. Prefix

32. Artificial

waterway

meaning

half

42. City in Russia

22. Protract

34. Edible seaweed

44. Free from danger

23. U. S. insular possession

36. Prefix meaning out

45. City in

16. Central State (ab.)

Oklahoma

(ab.)

VERTICAL
1. River in

Colombia

2. Enclosed
3. Country in Asia
5.
6.

Mountains of U. S.
Group of Stales (ab.)

7. Domesticate

8. River in Siberia

20. Capital of Esthonia

25. Frosts a cake

9. Smallest state (ab.)

11.

31. Dinner

33. An edge-tool (pi.)

The Golden State (ab.)
35. To sow
28. The Cotton State (ab.)
38. Keystone State (ab.)
29. Girl's name
41. Mother
30, One of Philippine Islands 43. A New England Stateobj

city in Italy

27.

14. Height of land (ab.)

15. Golfing term

18. City in Italy

195

CROSS-WORD PUZZLE

No.

CROSS-WORD PUZZLE
?

-5

""""

No. VI

CROSS-WORD PUZZLE
15

IS

DEFINITIONS

No.
IT

VH
i

CROSS-WORD PUZZLE
I

i-

No.

VIH

CROSS-WORD PUZZLE
1

No.

IX

CROSS-WORD PUZZLE

No.

CROSS-WORD PUZZLE

No.

XI

CROSS-WORD PUZZLE

No.

XH

?==EH=='

CROSS -WORD PUZZLE

i^-'

No. XIII

CROSS-WORD PUZZLE
.

21

No.

XIV

^^UJtlOU^i aBOORAPUICAt

GROSS -WORD

CROSS -troRD PUZZEE W*

PlAfR

CROSS -WORD -PUZZLE

No.

PUZ2 LBS

SOLUTIONS

GEOGRAPHICAL
CROSS WORD PUZZLE

CROSS-WORD
No.

IX

PUZZLES

To

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