Transport Layer

Provides end to end reliable communication

Support connection oriented and connectionless data streaming
Multiplexing of different type of services (ports)
Fault reporting
Flow/Congestion control
Example of Protocols: TCP, UDP, ICMP

OPM

Session Layer
Provides mechanism for opening, closing and managing a
session between to end user applications processes.
Example: session establishment for Real Time and Non Real
Time services.

OPM

Presentation Layer
It is also called as data translator or syntax layer.
Responsible for formatting and delivering information to other
adjacent layers
Encryption/ Decryption
Audio/ Video Codecs
Image presentation: JPEG etc.
Data Presentation : ASCCI code etc.

OPM

Application Layer
Defined as user interface
Establish process to process communication via ports.
All the Application layer softwars are assigned unique port
number by IANA.

OPM