Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Scope
This document is designed to familiarize the designer with Austempered Ductile Iron, through a
cross reference between different standards of the available grades.
It is a reference document, not to be referred to as a standard.
The data in this document are taken from Zanardi research database, international standards,
and technical papers; they shall be considered by the designer for information only.
Disclaimer
The content of this informational sheet has to be considered for information only. The real
component design shall be based only upon international standards and/or contractual
Material notes
ADI
Austempered Ductile Iron (ADI) is produced by heat-treating an alloyed ductile iron, casted with a
special preconditioning of the metal bath.
The matrix structure consists predominantly of ferrite and austenite, depending on the grade. The
new matrix is called ausferritic and gives to the new material unique mechanical properties.
IDI
Isothermed Ductile Iron (IDI) is produced by heat-treating an unalloyed ductile iron, casted with a
special preconditioning of the metal bath.
The matrix structure of the grade IDI consists predominantly of ferrite and pearlite, distributed
differently from the usual shapes of the as cast grades. The new matrix is called perferritic and
gives to the new material unique mechanical properties.
The grade IDI is subject of a patent application by Zanardi Fonderie SpA.
References
02
01
Rev
Revisione da Infosheet
Emissione
Descrizione
23/06/2008
2006
Data
VEN
ZFR
Firma
Pag. 1/7
PUBBLICABILE
Foto 8
95
Descrizione
GS 400 500X
GS 400 100X
Graphite form VI - Distribution A - Size 6/7
Ferrite 100 %
Foto 1
Foto 2
Foto 7
GS600 100x
Descrizione
Descrizione
GS 600 100X
GS 600 500X
Graphite form VI - Distribution A - Size 6/7
Ferrite 40 % - Perlite 60 %
GS 800 100X
GS 800 500X
Graphite form VI - Distribution A - Size 5/6
Ferrite 10 % - Perlite 90 %
Foto 3
Foto 4
Descrizione
Descrizione
IDI 100X
IDI 500X
Graphite form VI - Distribution A - Size 5/6
Ferrite 30 % - Perlite 70 % INTERCONNECTED
Foto 5
Foto 6
NOT AVAILABLE
Descrizione
Descrizione
Pag. 2/7
PUBBLICABILE
Foto 2
Descrizione
Descrizione
GS 400 500X
Typlically BRITTLE
Presence of CLEAVAGE
GS 600 500X
Typlically BRITTLE
Presence of CLEAVAGE
Foto 3
Foto 4
Descrizione
Descrizione
GS 800 500X
Typlically BRITTLE
Presence of CLEAVAGE
IDI 500X
Typlically BRITTLE
Presence of CLEAVAGE
Foto 5
Foto 7
Descrizione
Descrizione
DIMPLES
SHEARING
Pag. 3/7
PUBBLICABILE
STATIC MATERIAL PROPERTIES ON TEST PIECES MACHINED FROM SEPARATELY CAST SAMPLES OR CAST-ON
MPa
min
ISO
6892
30 < t < 60
Standard
A5
%
min
ISO
6892
30 < t < 60
Standard
BRINELL HARDNESS
HBW
HBW
ISO
6506-1
550
600
700
450
520
600
700
320
360
370
420
500
550
650
220
240
250
310
320
350
370
420
210
230
250
300
330
360
400
200
220
240
to be
agreed
290
320
340
380
22
18
18
15
10
18
15
15
14
15
12
12
11
to be
agreed
130
130
160
170
180
190
225
245
270
175
180
210
230
250
270
350
335
360
800
900
to be to be
agreed agreed
480
730
[a]
Standard
[a]
440
[a]
420
[a]
380
to be to be
agreed agreed
700
640
600
to be to be
agreed agreed
Notes
500
to be
agreed
IDI
450
390
Notes
400
370
JS/
900-2
380
330
JS/
800-2
350
min
JS/
400-15
JS/
700-2
Rp0,2
JS/
600-3
t 30
0,2% YIELD STRENGHT
JS/
550-5
JS/
500-07
Standard
JS/
450-10
t 30
JS/
400-18
30 < t < 60
JS/
40018RT
ISO
6892
JS/
40018LT
MPa
min
JS/
350-22
Rm
JS/
35022RT
TENSILE STRENGHT
JS/
35022LT
Test
Standard
RELEVANT
WALL
THIKNESS
SOURCE
Symbol
Measure
unit
ISO1083
PROPERTY
7
[a]
[a]
5
220
[a]
[b]
160
max
300
IMPACT PROPERTIES ON TEST PIECES MACHINED FROM SEPARATELY CAST SAMPLES OR CAST-ON
STD 101 [f]
IDI
Notes
4,4 / 3
[d]
[c]
4,4
[c]
[b]
4,3 / 2
[d]
[c]
4,3
[c]
Standard
[b]
4,1 / 4
[d]
ZANARDI
[c]
4,1
[c]
[b]
[d]
[c]
[e]
JS/
900-2
[c]
[b]
JS/
800-2
[d]
6,3
JS/
700-2
6,3 / 4
[c]
JS/
600-3
[b]
JS/
550-5
Notes
JS/
500-07
JS/
450-10
JS/
400-15
JS/
400-18
JS/
400-18RT
JS/
400-18LT
JS/
350-22
JS/
350-22RT
JS/
350-22LT
RELEVANT
WALL
THIKNESS
SOURCE
Test
Standard
Symbol
Measure
unit
ISO1083
PROPERTY
Standard
t 30
11 /9
ZANARDI
KV
235C
J
min
ISO
148-1
148-2
148-3
17 / 14
Standard
30 < t < 60
5/4
14 / 11
10 / 9
ZANARDI
15 / 12
Standard
3/2
3/2
3/2
12 / 9
10 / 9
ZANARDI
2/2
t 30
IMPACT RESISTANCE
Mean value of 3 tests /
individual value
KV -20C
J
min
ISO
148-1
148-2
148-3
12 / 9
Standard
30 < t < 60
ZANARDI
[b]
ZANARDI
10 / 7
[c]
[e]
Standard
[b]
3,0 / 2
[d]
ZANARDI
[c]
3,4
[c]
[b]
[d]
[c]
[e]
Standard
t 30
KV -40C
J
min
ISO
148-1
148-2
148-3
Standard
30 < t < 60
12 / 9
ZANARDI
Standard
10 / 7
ZANARDI
[b]
[c]
[e]
[c]
[e]
161
ZANARDI
J
min
ISO
148-1
148-2
148-3
28
Standard
55
[d]
ZANARDI
63
[c]
Standard
50
[d]
ZANARDI
57
[c]
Standard
55
30 < t < 60
t 30
158
ZANARDI
IMPACT RESISTANCE
Mean of 3 highest value of 4 spearated tests
K -20C
J
min
ISO
148-1
148-2
148-3
16
[c]
45
[d]
ZANARDI
46
[c]
Standard
40
[d]
ZANARDI
45
[c]
Standard
45
30 < t < 60
t 30
163
ZANARDI
K -40C
J
min
[c]
KIC
Mpa / m
ASTM E
399-90
[e]
Standard
35
[d]
ZANARDI
41
[c]
Standard
30
[d]
ZANARDI
38
[c]
30 < t < 60
FRACTURE TOUGHNESS
[e]
Standard
ISO
148-1
148-2
148-3
[d]
60
Standard
t 30
K 235C
[d]
Standard
ZANARDI
31
30
28
25
22
20
15
14
[d]
[e]
Pag. 4/7
PUBBLICABILE
FATIGUE PROPERTIES ON TEST PIECES MACHINED FROM SEPARATELY CAST SAMPLES OR CAST-ON
ZANARDI
ASTM E
739-91
t 30
[e]
[e]
[e]
Notes
304
280
378
Notes
JS/
600-3
248
JS/
900-2
JS/
550-5
236
JS/
800-2
JS/
500-07
224
JS/
700-2
JS/
450-10
JS/
400-15
JS/
400-18
JS/
400-18RT
210
320
[d]
380
[d]
[c]
380
[g]
[e]
[e]
[e]
Standard
ZANARDI
0,74
0,51
195
JS/
400-18LT
180
t 30
30 < t < 60
JS/
350-22
Standard
JS/
350-22RT
t 30
JS/
350-22LT
SOURCE
Mpa
ASTM E
739-91
RELEVANT
WALL
THIKNESS
IDI
AG
Test
Standard
Symbol
Measure
unit
ISO1083
PROPERTY
0,52
[d]
[c]
0,46
[g]
a0
t 30
ZANARDI
119
107
[c]
94
[g]
KTh
Mpa m0,5
t 30
ZANARDI
12,4
14,6
[c]
13,4
[g]
TOOTH ROOT BENDING FATIGUE AND CONTACT FATIGUE PROPERTIES ON TEST PIECES MACHINED FROM SEPARATELY CAST OR CAST-ON SAMPLES
F90%
Standard
ZANARDI
Standard
ZANARDI
ZANARDI
Notes
IDI
Notes
JS/
900-2
JS/
800-2
JS/
700-2
JS/
600-3
JS/
550-5
JS/
500-07
JS/
450-10
JS/
400-15
JS/
400-18
JS/
400-18RT
JS/
400-18LT
JS/
350-22
Mpa
JS/
350-22RT
JS/
350-22LT
Mpa
RELEVANT
WALL
THIKNESS
SOURCE
H90%
Test
Standard
Symbol
Measure
unit
ISO1083
PROPERTY
WEAR RESISTANCE PROPERTIES ON TEST PIECES MACHINED FROM SEPARATELY CAST SAMPLES OR CAST-ON
Notes
IDI
Notes
JS/
900-2
JS/
800-2
JS/
700-2
JS/
600-3
JS/
550-5
JS/
500-07
JS/
450-10
JS/
400-15
SOURCE
JS/
400-18
Test
Standard
RELEVANT
WALL
THIKNESS
Symbol
JS/
400-18RT
ZANARDI
JS/
400-18LT
JS/
350-22
ASTM G
132-96
JS/
350-22RT
SOURCE
WR
JS/
350-22LT
Test
Standard
RELEVANT
WALL
THIKNESS
Symbol
Measure
unit
Measure
unit
ISO1083
PROPERTY
OTHER PROPERTIES
JS/
500-07
JS/
550-5
JS/
600-3
JS/
700-2
JS/
800-2
JS/
900-2
Notes
IDI
db
Mpa
Standard
700
700
800
840
870
1000
1150
[d]
[e]
SHEAR STRENGTH
aB
Mpa
Standard
315
360
405
450
500
540
630
720
810
[d]
[e]
TORSIONAL STRENGTH
iB
Mpa
Standard
315
360
405
450
500
540
630
720
810
[d]
[e]
MODULUS OF ELASTICITY
KMPa
Standard
172
174
[d]
155
[d]
POISSON'S RATIO
Standard
[d]
0,275
[d]
SHEAR MODULUS
KMPa
Standard
[d]
61
[d]
DENSITY
g/cm
Standard
[d]
7,2
[d]
W/(mK)
Standard
[d]
32,5
[d]
ZANARDI
MACHINING
1/100
ZANARDI
[c]
100
169
176
0,275
66,3
66,3
66,3
67,5
69,0
68,2
7,1
7,2
36,2
35,2
34
32,5
31,1
-
100
90
Notes
JS/
450-10
JS/
400-15
JS/
400-18
JS/
400-18RT
JS/
400-18LT
COMPRESSION STRENGTH
JS/
350-22
JS/
350-22RT
JS/
350-22LT
ISO1083
PROPERTY
Pag. 5/7
[g]
PUBBLICABILE
STATIC MATERIAL PROPERTIES ON TEST PIECES MACHINED FROM SEPARATELY CAST SAMPLES OR CAST-ON
t 30
Standard
1200
1400
1000
1170
1170
720
820
970
1140
1140
30 < t < 60
500
600
700
850
t 30
A5
%
min
ISO
6892
30 < t < 60
10
Standard
HBW
ISO
6506-1
HBW
250
280
310
340
[a]
[a]
[a]
to be
agreed
2
1
to be
agreed
320
340
380
380
420
480
400
[b]
450
[b]
ELONGATION
1300
1100
Standard
JS/
HBW450
ISO
6892
[a]
JS/
HBW400
MPa
min
1600
JS/
1400-1
Rp0,2
Notes
1050
850
ADI WR
900
750
JS/
HBW450
800
t 30
0,2% YIELD STRENGHT
JS/
HBW400
JS/
1400-1
30 < t < 60
JS/
1200-3
ISO
6892
JS/
1050-6
MPa
min
JS/
900-8
Rm
JS/
800-10RT
Test
Standard
TENSILE STRENGHT
JS/
800-10
Symbol
SOURCE
PROPERTY
Measure
unit
ISO17804
RELEVANT
WALL
THIKNESS
min
Standard
max
IMPACT PROPERTIES ON TEST PIECES MACHINED FROM SEPARATELY CAST SAMPLES OR CAST-ON
ADI WR
Notes
[b]
10 / 9
KV
235C
ISO
148-1
148-2
148-3
J
min
[c]
Standard
9/8
[b]
ZANARDI
9/8
[c]
Standard
8/7
[b]
ZANARDI
8/7
[c]
Standard
[b]
ZANARDI
7,7
[c]
Standard
[b]
ZANARDI
[e]
Standard
ZANARDI
[e]
30 < t < 60
t 30
IMPACT RESISTANCE
Mean value of 3 tests /
individual value
KV -20C
ISO
148-1
148-2
148-3
J
min
30 < t < 60
KV -40C
ISO
148-1
148-2
148-3
Standard
6,2
[c]
Standard
[b]
ZANARDI
[e]
Standard
ZANARDI
[e]
Standard
30 < t < 60
t 30
ZANARDI
K
235C
ISO
148-1
148-2
148-3
J
min
110
123
ISO
148-1
148-2
148-3
J
min
ZANARDI
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
Standard
ZANARDI
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
120
Mpa / m
ASTM E
399-90
101
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
Standard
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
Standard
ZANARDI
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
104
[e]
83
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
Standard
ZANARDI
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
30 < t < 60
Standard
ZANARDI
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
KIC
[e]
ZANARDI
30 < t < 60
Standard
FRACTURE TOUGHNESS
[c]
[b]
ZANARDI
ISO
148-1
148-2
148-3
20
29
t 30
J
min
25
43
K -40C
35
70
Standard
K -20C
60
113
ZANARDI
IMPACT RESISTANCE
80
139
t 30
Standard
ZANARDI
62
[b]
100
30 < t < 60
[b]
121
Standard
[b]
ZANARDI
t 30
J
min
JS/
1200-3
10 / 9
JS/
1050-6
JS/
900-8
JS/
800-10
Standard
ZANARDI
t 30
JS/
800-10RT
SOURCE
Symbol
Measure
unit
PROPERTY
Test
Standard
ISO17804
RELEVANT
WALL
THIKNESS
[b]
[b]
[b]
[b]
[b]
[b]
[b]
[b]
60
59
54
50
[d]
85
109
60
[g]
Pag. 6/7
PUBBLICABILE
FATIGUE PROPERTIES ON TEST PIECES MACHINED FROM SEPARATELY CAST SAMPLES OR CAST-ON
AG
6
Un-Notched, 10,6mm, N=5x10 cycle, (ISO
1143) Probability of survival 50% Confidence 95%
AG / 2Rm
ASTM E
739-91
t 30
Notes
ADI WR
JS/
HBW450
JS/
HBW400
JS/
1400-1
JS/
1200-3
400
430
450
375
300
[d]
410
440
387
[g]
ZANARDI
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
[e]
Standard
0,50
0,45
0,40
0,38
[d]
ZANARDI
0,47
0,43
0,39
0,31
[g]
JS/
1050-6
375
400
t 30
30 < t < 60
JS/
900-8
Standard
JS/
800-10RT
t 30
JS/
800-10
Mpa
ASTM E
739-91
SOURCE
Symbol
Test
Standard
PROPERTY
Measure
unit
ISO17804
RELEVANT
WALL
THIKNESS
a0
t 30
ZANARDI
134
147
195
90
[g]
KTh
Mpa m0,5
t 30
ZANARDI
16,8
14,8
21,97
13
[g]
F90%
Mpa
Notes
ADI WR
JS/
HBW450
JS/
HBW400
JS/
1400-1
JS/
1200-3
JS/
1050-6
JS/
900-8
JS/
800-10RT
Mpa
JS/
800-10
H90%
RELEVANT
WALL
THIKNESS
SOURCE
Symbol
Test
Standard
PROPERTY
Measure
unit
TOOTH ROOT BENDING FATIGUE AND CONTACT FATIGUE PROPERTIES ON TEST PIECES MACHINED FROM SEPARATELY CAST OR CAST-ON SAMPLES
ISO17804
Standard
1050
1100
1300
1350
[d]
ZANARDI
[e]
[e]
1160
1209
1307
[g]
Standard
350
320
300
290
[d]
ZANARDI
[e]
[e]
302
293
275
[g]
[e]
504
478
424
[g]
JS/
1200-3
Standard
1300
1450
1675
1900
2200
2500
[d]
Standard
720
800
940
1080
1260
1400
[d]
TORSIONAL STRENGTH
iB
Mpa
Standard
720
800
940
1080
1260
1400
[d]
MODULUS OF ELASTICITY
KMPa
Standard
170
169
168
167
POISSON'S RATIO
Standard
SHEAR MODULUS
KMPa
Standard
DENSITY
g/cm
Standard
W/(mK)
Standard
ZANARDI
MACHINING
1/100
ZANARDI
1,6
1,55
JS/
1400-1
1,50
Notes
JS/
1050-6
Mpa
ADI WR
JS/
900-8
Mpa
aB
JS/
HBW450
SOURCE
db
SHEAR STRENGTH
ZANARDI
JS/
HBW400
Test
Standard
COMPRESSION STRENGTH
JS/
1200-3
Symbol
RELEVANT
WALL
THIKNESS
JS/
1050-6
JS/
900-8
ASTM G
132-96
JS/
800-10RT
Test
Standard
JS/
800-10
Measure
unit
WR
PROPERTY
SOURCE
Symbol
Measure
unit
ISO17804
RELEVANT
WALL
THIKNESS
1,37
[g]
OTHER PROPERTIES
165
[d]
0,27
65
64
[d]
62
63
7,1
[d]
7,0
[d]
2023
280
100
[d]
200
80
70
180
50
Notes
ADI WR
JS/
HBW450
JS/
HBW400
JS/
1400-1
JS/
800-10
PROPERTY
JS/
800-10RT
ISO17804
40
[d]
100
100
[d]
[h]
Notes
[a]
[g]
[h]
Data from Zanardi Fonderie S.p.A. research database. This Typical Value represent the mean of the statistical population of the sample. This value have to be taken as informative because
the statistical population of the sample is too low to determine a Process Capability
Machinability are referred to Pearlitic DI. In case of JS/HBW450 and ADI WR the value are referred at the as-cast material
Pag. 7/7