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Transverse Vibrations of A Beam: I-Objectives
Transverse Vibrations of A Beam: I-Objectives
# 10
Beam
(L, E, I, K)
(M b, M eff )
Pin joint
Motor
Mm
Auxiliary masses
M
M M Y KY 0
Eff
(1)
From which the natural frequency of the whole system ns is found as:
K
M M Eff
ns
(2)
K
K
ns
1
1
1
2
2
2
ns
nm nb
1
(3)
Analytical Solution:
1. Natural Frequency (nb):
Analytically, for a simply supported beam, an expression for the natural
frequency n can be derived to give:
n 2
EI
EI
2
4
AL
M b L3
(4)
88
17
M b 0.485714M b
35
(5)
Knowing that:
Deflection of the simply supported beam y(x):
y ( x)
Fx
4 x 2 3L2
48 EI
(6)
Maximum deflection yMax:
y Max ( x )
FL3
48 EI
(7)
Kinetic energy T:
L/2
T 2
M
1 2
y .dm 2 b
2
L
L/2
.dx
(8)
3. Stiffness (K):
From eqn-7, it can be easily concluded that the stiffness of the simply
supported beam K is equal to:
K
48 EI
L3
(9)
89
Simply supported
beam
K1
Fsin( t)
M1
y1
K2
M2
Lc
Cantilever beam
(Lc, Ic, Ec, K 2)
y2 M2
Figure-10.2 General layout of the original system after the addition of the vibration absorber
(10)
(11)
90
From which the steady state response is found for both as:
Y1
Y2
K
1
M 2 2 F
(12)
(13)
K 2 M 1 2 K 2 M 2 2 K 2
K2F
K 2 M 1 2 K 2 M 2 2 K 2
But:
F
K1
Static
(14)
Static
1
n1
K
1 2
K
1 n1
n2
(15)
2
K 2
K1
Y1
Static
without
absorber
with
absorber
Y1
ststic
r1
0.7
0.8
0.9
r2
1.0
1.1
1.2
n1
Figure-10.3 Magnification factor versus frequency ration for the primary system
Considering eqns-12 & 15, to eliminate the vibrations of the primary system, then:
91
Y1 0
K 2 M 2 2 0
K
2
2
M
2
But, at the state of resonance of the primary system:
2 n1
2
K1
M1
K1
K
2
M1 M 2
(16)
That is, the natural frequency of the primary system should be equal to that of the
secondary systems, and so:
R2
3EC I C
3
M 2 LC
(17)
K 1 K 2 M 1 2 K 2 M 2 2 K 2 0
Define:
r
RM 2
,
n
M1
r 4 2 RM r 2 1 0
r1, 2 2
2 RM RM 4 RM
2
(18)
92
r1r2 1
r1 r2 2 RM
(19)
93
V- Collected Data:
Part One- Dunkerleys Equation:
Table-10.1 Dimensions of the beam
Parameter
L (cm)
w (mm)
t (mm)
Value
Trial
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
M (kg)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
NR (rpm)
Parameter
LC (cm)
wC (mm)
tC (mm)
M2 (kg)
Value
94
Parameter
N1 at r1 (rpm)
N2 at r2 (rpm)
Value
Draw
versus
obtained, find the
ns
corresponding natural
M, as shown in
frequency for the system Figure-10.4.
ns.
1) Slope =
1
K
K is determined.
4) Intercept with the vertical
axis
YInter
1
nb
nb is found.
5) Intercept with the
horizontal axis
X Inter M Eff
Verify MEff.
From eqn-5, find MEff
Determine K from eqn-9
Use eqn-4 to find nb
VII- Results:
Part One- Dunkerleys Equation:
Table-10.5 Data processing analysis for the Dunkerleys Equation part
Theoretically:
MEff (kg)
K (N/m)
nb (rad/sec)
Table-10.6 Data processing results for the Dunkerleys Equation part
Slope (m/N)
From Figure-10.4
K (N/m)
Percent Error ( )
YInter (sec/rad)2
nb (rad/sec)
Percent Error ( )
XInter (kg)
MEff (kg)
Percent Error ( )
Parameter
LC (mm)
r1
r2
Theoretical
Experimental
Percent Error ( )
96
2) How can you explain the phenomena of having two resonance states for the
beam after the addition of the vibration absorber Figure-10.3?
3) In eqn-17 concerning the vibration absorber part, why did we use the stiffness
and the mass of only one side of the beam and not both of them?
97
98