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Nestle Case Study
Nestle Case Study
1.
The company of Nestle had undergone both the first order change and second order change.
In a first order change, the company underwent some changes in terms of transactional and
organizational climate change. On the other hand, Nestle also underwent second order change
wherein there are changes in terms of transformational change. This order second-order type
of change is more evident. Below are the snippets organizational change that occurred at
Nestle according to its order:
First Order
Nestle began expanding globally and begun to purchase local subsidiaries in local
markets.
Second Order
Discussing more on the second-order change, a transformational change happened when the
organization switched from entrepreneurial to become a wider and more professional
management kind of structure when they begun to purchase local subsidiaries in foreign
market in order for their sales agent (new position) to introduce their product outside of
Switzerland. Another transformational change that happen involves the visionary changes that
make the organization change in terms of involving in other fields of business through product
d1versification through:
i.
ii.
Created new product like malted milk, powdered beverage and powdered bottled milk ;
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
During the course change, the company applied some mid-management change theory
without destroying employees loyalty, impression, motivation, self belongingness and positive
behaviours.
Lastly, acquisitions and mergers was also a big part of Nestls second order type of change.
This provided them accelerated growth (but other critics had viewed it as negative), increase
in popularity and maintained organizational reputation.
2.
Peter Brabeck-Letmathe line of thought regarding incremental change that occurred in Nestle
is based primarily in his leadership mindset whose focus is on substance over style which
3.
Listed are the following specific implications that managers from Nestle had encountered:
i.
Bridging cultural gaps in bringing together people from different cultures together.
ii.
iii.
Having to manage people through the trauma of change and deal with their fears and
concerns when Nestle centralized its IT.
iv.
v.
In summary, there are three (3) environmental pressures for change that managers faced
during the process. First is the geopolitical pressure in the form of emergency situation during
the world wars that requires immediate action or a long-term geographical realignment. At the
end of the WW1, Nestle have experienced financial losses due to price increase in raw
materials and total economic downturn and in WWII the company again was affected with low
profitability because Switzerland had became more separated from Europe. Due to this
pressure the company initiated the move to transfer its executive offices offshore.
Second environmental pressure that the company encountered is the market decline at the
end of WWII since the demand of condensed and powdered milk had changed through
customer preference. Customer taste wants fresh milk instead of condensed and powdered
milk. In relation, coffee beans and cocoa prices had increased rapidly and make it less of a
demand by the people which made the company to venture out in order for the business to
offset the loss. Concurrently, the CEO was facing a hyper competition pressure with AngloSwiss condensed milk prior Nestle decided to merge with it.
Third, and lastly, are the new broom pressures. This happened when the CEO appointed them
(coming from the outside) to improve and increase company quality and productivity to have a
more successful future. To control this type of change, the CEO had emphasized that they
must focus to reinforce and sustain strengths rather than changing them.
4.
Downsizing through retrenchment and down scoping, Technological change, Mergers and
Acquisitions are considered the top three (3) lessons coming from the frontline. In general,
downsizing causes stress not just for the ones who leaves the company and those that
remains. Keeping the morale of these survivors is very important in every company. Often,
employees who remain do not feel happy that they survived the layoffs. Rather, they feel
angry or shocked that the layoffs happened.
Their image of the company may have changed, as they now feel that the environment has
become more cut-throat and everyone is on their own in battling to survive
In assisting employees after downsizing, we must help them understand why it happened. Call
a meeting to discuss the nature of the downsizing, what the future holds, and the security of
their jobs. Also take this time to answer questions or issues that they want to have addressed.
If possible, offer career counselling to those who are having a hard time with the change.
Clearly communicate what the future holds. Address the new changes in policy and structure
any why they are in place. If there is a large amount of restructuring, make time for employees
to come together to build new working relationships through workshops or social time. This
way, they quickly become more comfortable with the new environment and people they will be
working with.
Moreover, in assisting management to retrenchment and down scoping, we must communicate
to them why the process is necessary, and be open to discuss the issues they have with the
downsizing.
They, too, will be directly affected in the future when it comes to structure of the groups they
manage, new process that need to be implemented, and new workgroups that will be formed.
Lastly, Nestle must monitor the aftermaths of the process checking if there is an increasing
trend of absenteeism and retention rate.
rewards people associate with their work. The leadership box refers to the typical
leadership tasks, including the balance between the other boxes. Finally, the helping
mechanisms are the planning, controlling, budgeting, and information systems that serve
to meet organization goals. However, this model focuses on the internal issues within an
organization primarily by posing diagnostic questions which have to do with the fit
between what is and what should be.
In order to determine external factor, Force Field analysis is considered so as to have a
well-rounded analysis of the organization that will consider the external factors (since
internal factors have been identified in above model). The force field analysis identified
both driving forces and restraining forces within an organization. These driving forces,
such as environmental factors, push for change within the organization while the
restraining forces, such as the organizational factors act as barrier to change. In general
the intention is to move to a desirable state of equilibrium by adding driving forces, where
important, and eliminating restraining forces, where appropriate.
2.
In the Six-Box model each box poses a question that refers to his premise regarding the
nature of the formal and informal systems within the organization. It is within these
questions that I will be explaining my choice.
a.
b.
Structure: Is there a fit between purpose and the internal structure of the
organization?
Answer: the loss of being the industry leader from Airbus, stock prices decreasing
by 6.5%, and increasing competitive pressure triggered a series of changes to
overcome the bureaucratic structure, outdated technology system and
unnecessary processes in the company that had changed little since WWII.
c.
d.
Rewards: What does the organization formally reward, and for what do
organizational members feel they are rewarded and punished? What does the
organization fit need to do to fit with the environment?
Answer: The case had not elaborated further the results Stonecipher announced
worked closely with unions to reverse the low morale of the employees from the
past management however, it is assumed that this was addressed in year 2007
when the tides had turned and Boeing again became the number one in the
aviation industry. From this point, morale was reversed, and again assumed,
employees was rewarded in accordance to their performance.
e.
f.
To start with, the OD practitioner must first clarify and verify its client expectations and
the extent of change that they are expecting in order for her to direct his action plans.
After gathering the expectations, he must inform the client on the preliminary data
gathering methodology through extensive assessment of the organization that he will be
using so that the organization will not be surprised on the activities that will be performed
by the OD practitioner.
Under his extensive assessment, the practitioner will focus on the following areas:
Organizational Procedure
Leadership Behaviours
Levels of satisfaction
After gathering all pertinent information regarding the reasons on the misalignment and
misunderstanding of the organization towards its goal, the OD practitioner must establish
and draft the vision and mission of the company. Submit it to the executives for their
approval. If approved, he must formulate specific values aligned to the formulated mission
and vision and then submit again for approval.
2.
Now since the foundation of the action plan is already laid down, and the specific
objectives is already known through the created mission and vision, then it is now the time
to be more specific in developing the strategy and actions plans in managing the transition
between present and future.
The OD practitioner should determine and brainstorm with selected participant projects
within, between and among the organization. Then the OD practitioner will summarize
actions according to their weight based on the diagnostic and component analysis he
prefers to use. The practitioner will now determine top 3 action plans (three each for
within, between and among) on which this will be the key projects. This projects will again
be submitted to the executives with details (one can use the format of PDCA) for buy-in.
Once approved, the action plan will now be executed and monitored (effectiveness).
Now the key projects will be supported by small projects from the brainstormed items. The
small projects will not be neglected however this will be incorporated in the on-going OD
major projects.
3.
The OD practice will not end after execution and relaying to the management
improvements from the applied changes from the activity. A continuous review, planning
and improvement process must be implemented to make sure that (1) the projects and
actions are carried out accordingly and will not die out; (2) the strategy will be regularly
reviewed and updated so that it maintains its relevance and effectiveness; and (3) new
actions are added to replace those that have been completed. In short, there must be a
follow-through of the activities. In this regard, the senior staff will be chosen to oversee
strategy implementation.
In parallel, I can also use analytical tools under the TQM principle, diagnostic tools and
component analysis to have an in-depth analysis on what the problem is and thus could
generate a real solution to the problem. With this, I can already formulate a strategic plan
that also includes environmental scanning and scenario planning. The whole action plan
will emerge from the assessment and feedback phase, and the process may actually begin
during the feedback session as employees suggest next steps in addressing the
assessments findings.
In formulating the strategic plan, a group will be formed in order to have a broader
conceptualization of the action registered and an understanding of what is the problem
and what needs to be done. The problem will be diagnose by a core group depending on
their individual area of responsibility and job design. Moving forward, the team, will design
and choose appropriate interventions to facilitate execution and monitoring of the action
plan. Furthermore, after the timetable for the monitoring, the team will evaluate its
effectiveness and revise if necessary until further institutionalizing the organizational
change. One important factor in this activity is the employee involvement in order for
them to have a sense of pride and acceptance on the changes that will be coming and
being executed.
Moreover, whether the change is in 1 st and/or 2nd order, performance management,
developing talent and managing workforce diversity and wellness will be also taken into
account so as to motivate employees for continuous improvement.