HEATING SYSTEM &

MAINTENANCE
NURUL NAJIHAH BINTI JAFFAR
2011
NURHIDAYAHTUL NAZRAH BINTI KAMIL
2011
MAYA AQILAH BINTI MASHUD
2011
FATIN SYAHIRAH BINTI MOHAMMAD AZLI
2011722471
NURUL ASYIQIN BINTI ISMAIL
2011

INTRODUCTION
An important function of many industrial
processes.
Allows a hot fluid to transfer heat energy to a
cooler fluid through conduction and convection.
Provides heating or cooling to a process.
Types of Heat Exchanger (HE):
1. Pipe-coil HE
. Transfer heat by submerged the pipe coils in
water or sprayed with water.
. Characteristics : operation has low heat
transfer coefficient, a lot of space needed
and suited for condensing vapors with low
heat loads.

2. Double-pipe HE
. Incorporates a tube-within-a-tube design
. Found with plain or externally finned tubes.
. Typically used in series-flow operations in
high-pressure applications up to 500 psig
shell side and 5000 psig tube side.
. The warm and cool fluids can run in the
same direction (parallel flow) or in opposite
directions (counter-flow or countercurrent).

Flow direction is usually countercurrent because it is

more efficient. This efficiency comes from the
turbulent and stripping effect of the opposing currents.
In countercurrent flow, the exit temperature of one
liquid can approach the inlet temperature of the other
liquid.
In parallel flow, the exit temperature of one liquid can
only approach the exit temperature of the other liquid.

3. Shell and Tube HE

. The most common style found in industry.
. Able to handle high flow rates in continuous
operations.
. Has a cylindrical shell that surrounds a tube
bundle. Fluid flow through tubes and shell.
. Tube arrangement can vary, depending on the
process and the amount of heat transfer
required.
. A series of baffles support the tubes, direct fluid
flow, increase velocity, decrease tube vibration,
protect tubing and create pressure drops.

 HE components : (1) head, (2) shell, (3) tubes, (4) tube

sheet, (5) baffles
Shell and tube can be found in 4 common designs :
(1) fixed head single pass, (2) fixed head multi pass, (3)
floating head multi pass, (4) U-tube.