SMS VOTING SYSTEM

A Project in Methods of Research of Related literature

MICHELLE ANN M. BATAUSA

LUCILLE P. MIANO
RACHEL V. BERNADOS

AUGUST 2013

Authors: U. Rajkumar, H. Karunakaran, B.karthikeyan & M.venkatesh,

(March 2012) A Secure Mobile Voting System Using Fingerprint.
Retrieved from http://www.studymode.com/essays/A-Secure-Mobile-VotingSystem-Using-937050.html

The fingerprint shows the most promising future in real-world

applications. Because of their uniqueness and consistency over time, fingerprints
have been used for identification and authentication purpose. However, there are
some challenges in using fingerprint in real-world application. We are interested
in designing and analyzing the Mobile voting system using fingerprint texture,
which is the core in current modern approach for fingerprint analysis. As the
mobile phone become a part of the human, it is very convenient to use. We are
using the mobile phone for the purpose of voting. It helps the user to poll their
vote in spite of any location and also in short period of time. Keywords
Biometric, Fingerprint, Minutiae, Mobile phone. Elections allow the populace to
choose their representatives and express their preferences for how they will be
governed. Naturally, the integrity of the election process is fundamental to the
integrity of democracy itself. The election system must be sufficiently robust to
withstand a variety of fraudulent behaviors and must be sufficiently transparent
and comprehensible that voters and candidates can accept the results of an
election. Most of the countries in the world e-Voting system have been used. Due
to rapid growth of technology security problems are getting increased. So instead
of developing e-voting systems, also there is a lot research work is being done to
make these systems more secure.

Author/s: Oyite David Robinson Et Al. (Thursday, 10 November 2011)

Mobile Voting Systems. Retrieved from
http://mobilevotingsystems.blogspot.com

Mobile Voting System (MVS) is a system that will operate in

parallel with the existing manual and automated voting processes. It will enable
legitimate voters to cast their vote from wherever they please using their mobile
devices unlike other means that require the voter to appear at the polling station.
This will help alleviate the nuisance of long queues at poll-sites which waste a lot
of time. It will also ease the vote-counting process which will be done instantly
as the voting progresses and a graphical display will be available on a site
(attached to the system) for all stakeholders to view progress, hence ensuring
transparency. According to Nadja et al (2009) [6], Mobile voting falls under a
category of voting called e-voting, which is short for electronic voting, and refers
to the option of using electronic means to vote in referendums and elections.
There are systems such as DRE (Direct Electronic Recording) voting machines
that record the vote without that vote being transmitted over the Internet or
another network. The interface of a DRE machine can be a touch screen or a
scanner that scans the ballot paper where the voter marked the vote. The vote is
then registered and stored in the voting machine. Then there is voting over the
Internet that uses a PC with an Internet-connection to cast the vote and send it to
be stored in another remote computer. Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs),
telephones or mobile phones can also be used to cast a vote electronically.

Author: Bryan Adams Layosa (November 2011)

Alarm Press: SMS Broadcast System. Retrieved from
http://www.studymode.com/essays/Sms-Broadcast-System855180.html

In this century of computer generation, many organizations rely on fast

delivery of information using latest technologies that would allow them to be more
productive and efficient. There are many ways in sending messages nowadays
and that is by using E-mail services or by using Mobile Technologies. Like in
school, Bulletin Boards or sometimes word of mouth are the method use in
delivering a message to the student and faculty but sometimes the student or
others does not received the messages because they dont read the bulletin
board often or the information is really failed in reaching them. Sending
information in a large amount of people using E-mail requires a lot of work and
sometimes the information that needs urgent response does not always received.
The culprit of that is because people are not always able to check their E-mail.
On the other hand, mobile technology is one of the most effective ways in
sending and receiving messages as fast as possible. Because almost all people
in the world has their own cellular phone and they usually have them always. The
delivery of the messages using this medium is more ideal and efficient in sending
messages in large amount of people. Universal SMS Broadcast System is a
system that can send mobile messages in large quantity of people using a GSM
modem or using an SMPP Protocol.

Author/s: Maribeth Arado et al, (September 2012)

Sms Based Voting System. Retrieved from

http://www.studymode.com/essays/Sms-Based-Voting-System1102606.html

Information technology has played a vital role throughout the world and
so in our country. Short Message Service (SMS) is the text communication
service component of phone, web or mobile communication systems, using
standardized communications protocols that allow the exchange of short text
messages between fixed line or mobile phone devices. The use of SMS as data
application in the world is enormous, with 2.4 billion active users, or 74% of all
mobile phone subscribers. Therefore, there is the need of a significant alternative
to this conventional system in the delivery of trusted elections. This paper
develops an SMS Based Voting System that can be used in conducting a
trustworthy, secure and robust election. This will allow a fully automated SMS
Based Voting System where electoral vote counts are done instantly by the end
of Election Day. The design requires the use of a national SIM card module
during the electoral process. Using the design for a typical election scenario, the
evaluation results show a Voting System that can be used for efficient processing
and fast delivery of result within less than 24 hours.

By: Abdooz (2013, 04). Mobile Voting System. StudyMode.com.

Retrieved 04, 2013, from http://www.studymode.com/essays/MobileVoting-System-1563752.html

Mobile Technology is most important in the world and current

generation. We can get updated information using mobile devices. Such device
can be used for personal and business transactions. Moreover, mobile devices
functionality has evolved tremendously. Nowadays, it can be used for a variety of
purposes like to locate places much like a GPS, to read barcodes, to play games,
to browse the Internet, to know weather reports, to vote, and so much more.
Significantly the most important uses are the voice calls, video calls and Short
Messaging System (SMS). Currently various models of mobile phones have
come out in the market and each one having special advantages over the others.
The SMS or message facility is important in the mobile device. It allows the
sender to send messages from one mobile to another mobiles device. Most
business establishments advertise through print media like the newspapers,
magazines, pamphlets, brochures, and so much more. They also make use of
the radio to promote their product and services. Furthermore, a lot business
establishments conduct market survey like allowing consumer to choose which
product they like best or selecting the best brands and so on.

By: Shiexy, (August 2010) Voting System. StudyMode.com. Retrieved

from http://www.studymode.com/essays/Voting-System-381603.html

The Student Council elections have always been a perennial activity

for every school. It is an activity wherein each student is required to choose from
a set of candidates who will represent each position in the Student Council. In
order for the student to accomplish this, the student must go through several
processes. First the student must go to the Administration Office if he is a
registered voter, then goes to the voting area and chooses the candidates he
likes. After that, the student submits the filled-up ballot form to the voting
administrator in order for his votes to be cast. Then the student is marked with an
indelible ink to signify that he has already voted. The introduction of computers
greatly enhances the speed and efficiency of voting process. Results could be
attained even right after the elections reducing the time to a mere fraction
compared to the time it takes if the voting is done manually. It also increases the
level of the voting experience because of multimedia enhancements. The manual
voting system of San Juan National High school lacks the advantages of a
Graphical User Interface that the Windows OS could offer.

Mobile Phone Voting System. Retrieved from

http://people.cs.pitt.edu/~chang/163/proj13/vote.htm

Voter can send short text message from his/her smart phone to a
specific smart phone running voting software A (Android version).Upon receipt of
the short text message containing the ID number of the best poster (only one
should be selected), the said ID number will be entered in a Tally Table with
attributes Candidate ID, count. The phone number of the voter will be
remembered in a Voter Table with attributes Voter Phone No. Candidate ID, so
that no voter can use the same phone to vote twice. The administrator at the
smart phone running voting software A can issue a special command, which will
terminate the voting. The voting software A will display the Tally Table in
decreasing number of votes so that the first winner will be displayed first and so
on. At the end the Voter Table will be eliminated. Phone to PC voting system
requirements: Voter can send email from his/her smart phone to a specific PC
running voting software X (Linux version).Upon receipt of the email containing
the ID number of the best poster (only one should be selected), the said ID
number will be entered in a Tally Table with attributes Candidate ID, count. The
phone number of the voter will be remembered in a Voter Table with attributes
Voter Phone No. Candidate ID, so that no voter can use the same phone to vote
twice.

Swierenga, S. J., & Pierce, G. L. (2012). Testing Usability

Performance of Accessible Voting Systems. Retrieved from
http://usability.msu.edu/research/projects/accessible-voting-systems

Usable voting systems are key to a successful voting experience for

everyone, but are especially important for persons with disabilities. Voting
systems need to be designed so that these voters can effectively interact with a
voting system in a reasonable amount of time and without discomfort.
The overall goal of the research was to develop a suitable, rigorous test protocol
for a Voting System Test Laboratory (VSTL) to conduct usability conformance
testing of accessible voting systems with persons who are blind, have low vision,
or have dexterity impairments in order to ensure that they can vote
independently. We first conducted a gap analysis and formal study of existing
conformance tests and methodologies for conducting usability tests for
accessibility. We then developed and refined tests and protocols appropriate to
the selected demographic groups, before conducting and analyzing dry runs of
the test protocol using multiple voting systems to get expert timings. The
materials that were developed are intended to be used in pilot testing.

(2012, 07) E Voting System. StudyMode.com. Retrieved from

http://www.studymode.com/essays/E-Voting-System-1047789.html

Electronic voting system (EVS) also known as e-voting is a term

encompassing several different types of voting embracing both electronic means
of counting votes.
Electronic voting technology can include punched cards, optical scan voting
systems and specialized voting kiosks (including self-contained direct-recording
electronic voting systems or DRE). It can also involve transmission of ballots and
votes via telephones, private computer networks, or the internet. Generally, the
major approaches towards achieving an effective on line electronic.
VOTING SYSTEM (EVS)

Scope of E-voting system

Specifies the system requirements

Specifies the participating parties of the system and describes their roles,

Specifies the architecture of the E-voting system, the general description

of the functionally, protocols and algorithms,

Analyses and describes possible security of hazards & examines the

compliance of the system to security requirements. The Federal Republic of

Nigeria. Nigeria is a Federal constitutional republic comprises thirty-six states
and its Federal capital Territory, Abuja. The country is located in West Africa and
shares land borders with the Republic of Benin in the West, Chad and Cameroon
in the South lies on the Gulf of Guinea on the Atlantic Ocean. The three largest
and most influential ethnic groups Nigeria are the Hausas, Igbo and Yoruba in
terms of religion Nigeria is roughly split half and half between Muslims and
Christians with a very small Minority who practice traditional religions.

By: MarkAngel26 (2011, 05). PSU Bayambang Campus Voting

System. StudyMode.com. Retrieved from
http://www.studymode.com/essays/Psu-Bayambang-Campus-VotingSystem-708937.html

The computer is now recognized as a powerful and positive force in the

social, political, and economic progress of nations. The growing use of
computers in society is creating new demands for educating and training
students in preparation for life in the Information Age. Because of its seemingly
endless capabilities, the computer has become the most imposing form of
information technology that has intimidated some people. The computer has
undergone a great deal of development in the last 50 years that people have
regarded it as synonymous with change. Any change is usually met with some
form of resistance. This behavior is known as RC Factor the resistance to
change. Cyber phobia is the irrational fear of computers. Psychologists easily
attribute cyber phobia to the lack or absence of knowledge about computers.
Fear of computers has been observed mostly among adults. Computers are
merely machines and should not be feared. Instead computer technology can be
maximized to advanced development. Such is the case of Pangasinan State
University College Student Council (PSU - CSC) which aims to promote peace &
order by prioritizing students safety and develop the students potentialities and
help strengthen the administration. The CSC also aims to deliver basic services
to the students.

1st
http://www.gobookee.net/get_book.php?
u=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5paXNqYWlwdXIub3JnL2lpaW0tY3VycmVudC0wOC9NQ0F
fSVZfU2VtX1Byb19FdmEvMTUuUHJvamVjdCUyMEF0dGVuZGVuY2UlMjBtYW5h
Z2VtbnQlMjBzeXN0ZW0ucGRmCuKAnEF0dGVuZGFuY2UgTWFuYWdlbWVudCB
TeXN0ZW3igJ0gLSBJQ0ZJQTogQXV0b25vbW91cyAuLi4=
2nd
http://www.gobookee.net/get_book.php?
u=aHR0cDovL3d3dy5oZWFjYWRlbXkuYWMudWsvYXNzZXRzL2RvY3VtZW50cy
9zdGVtLWNvbmZlcmVuY2UvR0VFUy9HZW9mZl9SdWJuZXIucGRmCm1iY2xpY
2s6IEFuIEVsZWN0cm9uaWMgdm90aW5nIHN5c3RlbSB0aGF0IHJldHVybnMgaW
5kaXZpZHVhbCAuLi4=