WATER LEVEL

INDICATOR
ME-012
Batch of 2013-14
MED
Electronics
Feb 12, 2015
BASE USED

The veraboard was preferred for this project as it is

the most suitable base for making prototype projects
that also allows one to conduct experiments through
trial and error.

IDEA SOURCE
This project was selected through a circuit diagram
available on the internet.

REFERENCE
All components of this project were bought from
FINE ELECTRONICS Corporate Market, Saddar.
Attached is a card of the shop.

WORKING
The circuit consists of 3 sets of BC547 transistors
acting as amplifiers connected to LEDs at their
emitters and 330 ohm resistors for biasing purposes.

The positive terminal of the battery is submerged in

the water tank while terminals from each set
extending out from the base of the transistor are
placed in the water tank in a height arrangement.
As the water fills up and reaches the first terminal of
the transistor, the circuit gets completed with water
acting as a conductor between the terminals and a
small voltage is carried to the base of the transistor
which thus gets amplified and triggers the emitter to
release the amplified current allow the LED to glow,
indicator a low quantity of water in the tank.
Similarly, when water in the tank reaches the second
terminal the second LED begins to glow which
indicates medium quantity of water in the tank.
When water reaches the third terminal a third LED
glows which indicates a near over-flow quantity of
water in the tank and also triggers a buzzer
connected to the base of the transistor which serves
as an alarm.

APPLICATION
Water level indicators have a wide application in
industries in boilers, stand pipes, storage wells etc. It
can also be used to household water tanks.

COMPONENTS LIST
- BC 547 transistors x3
- 330 ohm resistors x3
- LED x3
- 3-12 volt buzzer
- 9 volt battery
- Breadboard

PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED

Properly arranging the terminals extending out form

the transistors to avoid contact between them, which
would result in two LEDs glowing at the same
water level.

FINANCE
- LEDs, BC547 transistors, 330 ohm resistors x3
: 62/- Connecting wires : 20/- Buzzer : 40/- 9v battery : 50/- Breakboard : 150/Total cost: 322/-

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM