Czec ents ‘Spbols. Abbreviations and various marks used. Instructions ‘Frequently asked questions about Czech Be Grammatical terms asic pronunciation rules Bbpendix to lesson 1 Wordlist for lesson 1 ‘Appendix to lesson 2 ‘Wordlist for lesson 2 ‘Appendix to lesson 3 Wordlist for lesson 3 Appendix to lesson 4 Wordlist for lesson 4 Appendix to lesson 5 Wordlist for lesson 5 Appendix to lesson 6 Wordlist for lesson 6 Appendix to lesson 7 Wordlist for lesson 7 Audio tapescripts Key Glossary Summary tables of cases (standard and colloquial Czech) h Express 1 10 4 16 18 20 24 26 29 30 34 36 39 43 45 50 58Symbols By coe csa ne language under the magnifying glass (a close look at language) Pe 08 D5: oe Abbreviations and various marks used —folse, Ma, Mi ‘masculine animate, masculine inanimate gender F feminine gender N neuter gender impf. impertective verb (expressing an activity asa process) pf. perfective verb (expressing the result of an activity) 0¢ colloquial Czech neg. negative 59 singular pl. plural the mobile-e- (eg. den day, dny days) informal form. formal N nominative 6 genitive D dative A accusative v vocative L locative 1 instrumental verbs with stem changes inthe present tense conjugation (-E conjugation), eg. ist*, étu to read, |read x versus Instructions doplite fillin POZOR BE CAREFUL Seeley Eee —pecitite — peciee piste, napiste write pielozte transiate ‘Sipovdee answer a opakujte repeat feknéte sy enate ark note ee PAMATUJTE SI REMEMBER spojte ma Be con a Poslouchejte listen zméfte cageFAQs about Czech 1. Is Czech related to English? Ys itis, Both of them are members of the Indo-European family of languages (compare: mother - matka, brother - bratr, sister - sestra, thre 1), However, they are different types of languages: English is an analytical language and Czech i a synthetic language. Compare: | do not understand /4 units) ~ nerozumim (7 unit), by car (2 units)~ autem (7 unit. 2. Doall Czech words consist of horrifying clusters of consonants? Well, some of them do. Fortunately, they aren't the vitally important ones. Actually, how often do you ask people stré prst skrz krk (stick your fin ‘through your throat) or vzevenkls (did you flick up)? 3. How to pronounce “i”? The articulation for # derives from the palatal (not the French one). When you want to pronounce é place your top and bottom teeth slightly togett purse your lips and whisper the following words: tri, tri, tri, tri... (without even trying to say ¥ — it will come out by itself). If this doesn't help, cons ‘your teacher or a speech therapist. But don't worry - Czechs know that this unique sound that they are very proud of is difficult and they will h ‘mercyon you! 4. Why are Czech words usually longer than English ones? Asa synthetic language, it uses prefixes suffixes and sometimes infxes 9. odpoposedavat sito sit alittle bit aside several times. 5. Why do two varieties of Czech exist - standard and colloquial? After the defeat of the Protestants at the battle of White Mountain in 1620, Czech almost disappeared as an official and literary language a was replaced in these functions by German. The spoken form of the language, however, continued to develop. During the National Revival at ‘beginning of the 19th century the standard form of Czech was gradually codified on the basis ofthe older form of Czech from the 16th century, wh lead to the current difference between standard (spisovnd éestina - S¢) and colloquial Czech (obecnd éestina - OC). In the Czech Express coursebook mainly standard Czech will be taught. if grammatical features or expressions appear here which are part of generally spoken language, they will be marked with the abbreviation OC (obecnd éestina, colloquial Czech). 6. Why doesn’t Czech have articles? The absence of articles is the result of the historical development of the language. Their absence is compensated for by the flexible word order Czech, Information that was already mentioned or is otherwise known is usually placed at the beginning of a sentence (English uses the defi article, the, here). New information is usually placed at the end (and its expressed by the indefinite article, a/an, in English). However, Czech certain words that express the same meanings as English articles. For example, néjaky, néjak,njaké (some) or jeden, jedna, jedno (one) are of used where you use the indefinite article in English. Ten ta, to (the, that) is often used where you use the definite article in English. 7.Why does Czech have cases? How are the cases used? Czech, as a synthetic language witha flexible word order, needs cases with their endings as a kind of ‘signal; which expresses the grammati relationship between words. Compare the basic meanings ofthe cases: 1. The nominative is the dictionary form of nouns, adjectives, pronouns and some numerals. It expresses the subject of a sentence. Forexample: Student je ve Skole. ~ A student is at school. 2. The genitive expresses possessive o parttive mening. Forexample: Knina studenta. ~The book of a student. Lahev vin A bottle of wine. 3 The dative expresses the indirect object in a sentence. For example: Dam darek studentovi. - Ill give a present to a student. 4, The accusative expresses the direct object in a sentence. Forexample: Vidim studenta. -| see a student. 5. The vocative is the addressing form. Ifyou want to address someone in Czech, use the vocative. For example: Adame! ~ Adam! Evo! ~ Eval 6. The locative expresses location. For example: Jsem ve 3kole. - 'm at school. 7. The instrumental expresses the means or instruments by or with which an action is carried out. Forexample: Jedu autem. -| go by car.However, in addition to these basic meanings, there are further uses ofthe cases. Allverbs and prepositions in Czech are connected with a certain or cases. Students have to master this part of the language through language exercises and drills (just as students of English learn phrasal verbs example). Fora better understanding you can imagine that verbs and prepositions have a hook or hooks, on which you can hang one or more ca In the following table you can see an overview of the cases that follow several verbs and prepositions. Verbs Prepositions’ Cases byt (to be), jmenovat se (to be called) = nominative Dat se (to be afraid of), Gastnit se (to take part in) 2 (from), do (to/into), od from), bez (without), | genitive (at), vedle (next to) rozumét (to understand), pomahat (to help), telefonovat (to | k (to), kvill (because of), diky (thanks to), | dative telephone), gratulovat (to congratulate) proti (against) mit (to have), vid&t (to see), dat si (to take), znat (to know), | pro for, za (behind/aften), na (to), ‘accusative hledat (to look for), kupovat (to buy), potfebovat (to need) = = vocative ‘0 (to réad about), mluvito (to speak about), povidat sio (to | v (in) na (on), 0 (about) Tocative talk about), slySet o (to hear about) ‘Zabyvat se (fo be occupied with), stat se (to become), bjt | s (with), pfed (in front of/before), mezi | instrumental spokojenys (to be content with) (between) "For the prepositions we present ante most common meanings. n rely, every preposition may have other equivalents depending on the conte What do the colours used in the textbook mean? The colourcoding diferentiates the three grammatical genders ofnouns: masculine (we distinguish animate, orlive people and animals of masc. gender, e.g student student, and inanimate, eg. barn banana), feminine (eg, kava coffee) and neuter (e.g. auto car. Its important to know the gender of a noun because the gender determines how each noun is declined (how to make its case endings). Luc however, you don't have to learn the gender of every new noun you meet by heart! Words which in the nominative sg. (= the form that you fir the dictionary) end with a consonant (student, banan) are often masculine, words that end in -a (kava), are often feminine, and words that er -0 (auto), are often neuter. Gender diferences don't only affect nouns, but also some other words. Compare: Ten student by! dobry. That student was good. Ten banan byl dobry. That banana was good. Ta kéva byla dobré. That coffee was good. To auto bylo dobré. That car was good. 9. Why do English verbs often have two Czech equivalents in the dictionary, e.g. to cook - varit, uvarit? ‘Most Czech verbs lve “in pairs: These verbs have what are called imperfective and perfective aspects. Put simply, the aspect expresses the actic ‘event either as a process or as the result ofa process. In this way we distinguish imperfective and perfective verbs. Imperfective verbs, e.g, vaiit (to cook), express the action as a process, as ift was being “filmed”: These verbs express unlimited, unfinishe repeated actions. They have past, present and future tenses. Perfective verbs, e.g. uvatit (to cook), express the result of an action or an action ata particular moment, as fit was being “photographed verbs do not have a present form, they only have past and future tenses. Notice that for this reason in the glossary we translate forms of conjug. verbs marked with the abbreviation pf. into the future tense: e.g. uvatim (Il cook). Czech aspects can't be automatically matched with English tenses. Although there does exist a certain similarity, English tenses are frequently differently from the Czech perfective and imperfective verbs.. Are there any priorities in Czech grammar & beginner should concentrate on when learning Czech? “Opinions can die, but the authors ofthis textbook believe that helps beginnesifthey concentrate onthe llowing prions inthis order: oo to remember the gender ofthe nouns that youfear and noice the function of gender in the sentence. Verbs. Verbs form the core of Czech sentences! Prepositions Pay careful atention to prepositions pecausejus ike vers they wil ep you a ltin expressing yourselt coves and their endings. You cant avoid endings in Czech, although you shouldnt let them put you offor scare you! 1. 1s Czech really as difficult as I've heard? and ne. Yes, mainly becauseithas so many different endings. No» because ithas.logical grammatical system similarto Latin, no more than three soa tensesandjusta handful of regular verbs. However, doyou know any language that is easy to learn?Basic grammatical terms Just as a craftsman needs tools for his work, you need some basic grammatical terms for study of @ language. You can find an overview of the the following table. You will certainly know some of them from studying your first language at school, others will be new to you. However, knov them can help you with your studies to.a certain extent, Latin/Czech term English term Example or explanation in English adjektivum/ pridavné jméno ¥ adjektiva (tvrdé pridavnd jména) adjective “J adjectives (hard adjectives) ‘An adjective is a word whose main syntactic role is to modify a nour pronoun, giving more information about the noun or pronoun's refer dobry (good), blizky (close). adjektiva (mékké pridavnd jména) | ~i adjectives (soft adjectives) _| kvalitné (high-quality), modernf (modern adverbium/piislovce adverb ‘An adverb is a word that modifies any part of language other tk @ noun. Adverbs can modify verbs, adjectives, clauses, sentences ¢ other adverbs. dobre (well, bizko (closely), kvalitn (to a high-quality), moderné a modern way). aspekt/vid aspect The verbal category that is absent in English. There are two aspect perfektivni/nedokonavy perfective Czech: imperfective it expresses the activity as a repeated or unlimi Imperfektivni/dokonavy imperfective process) and perfective (it expresses the result of an activity or vi the activity at a particular moment), eg. délat/udélat (to do/make Iimpertectve/perfective. eas tense futurum/budouct as future tense Budu doma. (Ill be at home) prézens/piitomnyéas resent tense Jsem doma. ('m at home) préteritum/minuly éas ast tense Byl jsem doma. (| was at home) deklinace/sklonovani, declension, to decline ‘Nouns, adjectives, pronouns and numerals are declined in Cze deklinovat/sklofiovat Itmeans that endings (koncovky) are used to create cases Note:to a student - studentovir without a car- bez auta infiitiv the infinitive The infinitive is the “to-form” ofthe verb in English and the *-t form” in Czech, e.g. to do-délat interjekce/citoslovee interjection ach (oh), au (ow), brr (br)... konjugace/éasovéni, conjugation, toconjugate _| Verbs are conjugated in Czech. It means that endings are used to cre konjugovat/éasovat persons. Note: do - délém, , you do - déla8, he/she/it does - dela... konjunkce/spojka conjunction a (and), nebo (on) ale (but), kdyé (if/when)... konzonant/souhléska consonant hich kB. him, p23, F.. numerdlie/éislovka numeral zdkladni cardinal eden (onel, dva (two), tH (three). fadové ordinal prvni (first), druby (second), teti (third) objekt/predmet: object: piimy direct ‘Maminka posilé dopis studentovi. (Mom sendsalletter to the tude! Maminka posilé dopis studentovi. (Mom sends a letter to t neptimy indirect student) pad case Czech needs cases with their various endings as .signals* express grammatical relations between words. For more about cases, page 3, point 7. plurél/mnozné éisto plural studenti (students), bandny (bananas), kévy (coffees), restaur (restaurants), auta (cars) 6CZECH EXPR prepozice/predlozka reposition bez (without), na (on/to,v (in), do (tofinto),z (rom), pro (for.. pronomen/zdjmeno pronoun persondini/osobné personal 8 (0,ty (you), on (he)... posesivni/pfivlastiovact possessive ‘mij (my), tv6j (your, jeho (his)... interogativn/ tézact interrogative do (who), co (what), &f (whose)... indefinitni/neuréité indefinite inékdo (someone], néco (something), néjaky (some).. negativni/zdporné negative nikdo (no one), nic (nothing), Z4dny (no)... rod gender ‘Nouns, adjectives, the majority of pronouns and some numerals he ‘Mo maskulinim animaturn/mudsky | \a masculine animate genders. There are three grammatical genders in Czech: mascul 10d divotny IMimasculine inanimate __| (animate and inanimate), feminine and neuter, 2: ‘Mi maskulinum inanimatum/muésky | F feminine ‘Masculine animate (Via):student (student) rod nesivotny Nneuter ‘Masculine inanimate (Mi) banén (banana) F femininum/Zensky rod Feminine (F): Kava (coffee) Nneutrum/stfednt rod Neuter (N}:auto (car) samohléska vowel 3,011,940, Ud 6 fone singulér/jednotné éisto singular student (student), bandn (banana), kava (coffee), auto (car)... ‘subjekt/podmet subject ‘Maminka posilé dopis studentovi. (Mom sends allettertothe stude substantivum/podstatnéjméno | noun student (student), bandn (banana), kava (coffee), auto (car). verbum/sloveso verb [A verb is a part of speech that conveys action or a state of being, é transitivn/prechodné transitive videt (to see), mit (to have), byt (to be), spat (to sleep). intransitivni/nepfechodné intransitive A transitive verb is a verb that requires both a subject and one or m objects (eg. vidét, mit...). An intransitive verb does not take an obj (eg. byt, spat...) REMEMBER: Nouns, adjectives and verbs have different forms in Czech! Compare: English work work work Czech préce pracovat pracovni pracovnéBasic pronunciation rules 1. Letters you know: fae fe fa le [f fo [hi fi [k ft [mn Jo Jp fa [r Js fe Ju Jv [w |x 2. Czech letters: consonants ele ch i [s 3. Czech letters: vowels. a ee i 6 aa i The diacritc symbols used in Czech are called: ~héek - hook * &hrka — length mark *krouéek - circle. 1. We divide vowels into short ones: a, @, i, y, 0, w and long ones: &, &; fy Ys 6 alt. Long vowels are about 1.75 times longer than thes ‘equivalents. There ae also three diphthongs in Czech: ou, a, eu. 2. The vowelsi and y (or and ¥) are pronounced the same way. 3. The vowels & and tare pronounced the same way. Their spelling only reflects differences that existed in the past. Note thatthe vowel ds always writen ath beginning ofa word or ter a prefix eg. hel, Ztastnit sl while the vowel dis writen inthe stem anda the end of word domi 4. Insome Czech words there are the following pairs of vowelsia, ie, i, io, iu. We read them asfollo io liyo] - rédio, iu (iyu] - vrédiu. yal -fialka, ie liye] - tale, ii fii) —v 5. We divide consonants into hard (h, ch, k, f, 9, dt, n), soft (2,8 &,f, dt, cj) and ambiguous (b, f,|,m, p, 5, v2) This vision issignifeant in one way for declination and in another way forspelng. Yu notice that when far fellow consonants theres an after sft consonants an ‘har consonants Czechs lam words wth ambiguous consonants which are followed bya by hear, as So-aled listed words. Foreign words are exceptions fo therule. 6. The consonants that are absent from the English alphabet are:é, ch, ¥, 8,2, dt, Note especially ch which counts as a single letter and a special position in the Czech alphabet (after h). 7. p.t, kare unaspirated sounds. This means that when they are pronounced they are not accompanied by a stream of ar. 8. How should d; t # be pronounced? To pronounce d, and a, imitate the sounds that your teacher produces by putting the tip ofyour tongue against the back of your upper gum ‘above your front teeth. You end up pronouncing sounds similar to d, tn, but softer 9. Where should dt, be pronounced? Ifthere is dt, hin atext, as in bel, tukat, Pizei Ifthereis d, t,n-+ & asin d&kuju, t&2ky, n&kdo. Ifthereisd, t,n+ili, asin divadlo, dite, tisk tise, nikdo, nizky: “exceptions: ‘international words eg. tens temys ditt [yt tp (tyP) 10,How should the syllables be, pé, vé, mé be pronounced? Bé, pé, ve, mé should be read as [b’ye, p’ye, v'ye, mn’ ye}, as in: bézet, na Kampé, clovék, mésto. 11.Assimilation rules: To understand the assimilation rules, you should know the difference between voiced and voiceless consonants. Compare the following voiced - unvoiced consonants:b -p,v-f,d-td-tz-s,2-3,g-k,h—ch, ‘Assimilation type 1: At the end of a word, voiced consonants are pronounced lke theit voiceless counterparts. Eg: Vaclav (Vaclaf], Cheb [Chepl. ‘Assimilation type 2: ftwo consonants occur after each other in a word, the second consonant changes whether the firsts voiced or not, as follows’: vklad {fklat], tudka [tuskal, kdo (gdo), sbirat [2birat}‘Assimilation also affects some prepositions, eg. z Francie [sfranciel, k domu (gdomul]. fa voiced preposition is followed by a word beginnir with a vowel, this consonant is pronounced as if unvoiced, eg. Italie [sitalie}. ‘There are regional diferences to tis rule 9, the parting salutation nashedanou is pronounced n Bohemia nasehledancul andin Moravic nazhledanou). 12.The vast majority of Czech words have the stress on the first syllable eg, ndmést,situace, analiza. The exceptions consist of a mere hand ‘of unstressed words which take the second logical position in the sentence. ‘Note: When connecting a preposition wth another wor, thestress is placedon the preposition, eg.veskole.Appendix to lesson 1 Il 1.1 The preposition z/ze + the genitive {In the bubbles you can see the names of countries: Vietnam (Vietnam), Kanada (Canada), Italie (Italy) @ Némecko (Germany). These names a the form which iscalled the nominative singular we say that they are in the nominative singular. The nominative singularis the basic form ofan which you find in the dictionary and which you should remember. However, if we use the name of the country or another noun after a preposi a different case will follow it, whose ending is diferent from the nominative. To understand this better you can imagine that each preposition a hook or hooks'on which we ‘hang’ different cases with their endings. For example, after the preposition rom), which we usein the phrase } 2.. fm from...) there follows the genitive singular with its endings. Compare: Vietnam (the nominative) - 2 Vienarn (the genitive) Kanada (the nominative) ~ z Kanadf (the genitive) Italie (the nominative) ~z tlie the genitive) Némecko (the nominative) - z Némeck§ (the genitive). The overview ofthe genitive singular ison page 66. I 1.2 Vy xty. Formal vs. informal address [Note the difference between formal and informal expressions and forms: Dobry den! x Ahoj! Cau! Hello! Hil ‘Odkud jste? x Odkud jsi? Where are you from? Codaléte? x Co d&la8? What do you do? Avy? x Aty? And you? Na shledanou! x Aho}! Cau! Goodbye! Bye! ‘Adult trangers are addressed in the formal way. Relatives friends, children (to about 15) and young people (ifyou arein the same age) are addre ininformal way.Itis usualy the older person or a woman who suggests: Mazeme si tykat? Can we use the informal form? il 1.3 Personal pronouns: ja, ty, on... 1 you | he she [it we you _| they ia ty on ona |onojto'| my | vy oni? "Note:The demonstrative pronoun ta corresponds to English this, that. We use ono veryrarey eg. inthe exresion To je anol (Thats it) 2 Invrting you wl ee the forms on,0=/anylona in the plural which are distinguished by gender. However inthis table for simply, we use only the form oni WH 1.4 Verb byt ‘AllCzech verbs are conjugated. Conjugation means that verbs change thelr endings to express persons. The verb byt (to be) is conjugated irregu in the present tense. You have to learn the forms by heart. byt (to be) positive forms negative forms 6 sem’ nejsem ty jst" (colloquially: ses") ngjsi (colloquially: nejse3) on,ona,to |je neni my sme’ nejsme y iste! nejste oni sou nejsou "Not the pronunciation jem (sem) sls [s/s], me sme, st [ste jsou sou) The personalpronounsjé,ty,on..., which you learned in paragraph 1.3, arenot usually used in Czech with the verbs, unlike in many other langu because the information about the person is expressed by the ending of the verb. For example: rozumifit - | understand, rozumig - you unders rozumi - he/she/it understands etc. We only use personal pronouns with verbs when we want to emphasise them (eg. 4a sem doktor, ale am a doctor, not you), orin everyday speech. BUT: In the expression To je.../To neni... (Wts../Itist...) on the other hand, we don't leave out the demonstrative pronoun to,‘Negation: When you want to form the negative, you should add the prefix ne- before the verb, which we write joined together with the verb. For example: Ja jsem Paolo, ja Riejsem Kurt. | am Paolo, | am not Kurt, Ty js Mai, ty fijsi Lori. You are Mat you are not Lor The only exception is the third person singular: To je vino? To @ii vino. Is it wine? Itis not wine. I 1.5 Model of conjugation: -A verbs AllCzech verbs conjugate. Conjugation means that the verb changes its ending in order to show the person. Compare: dala —| do, dla ald - he/sherit does etc n the present tense there are four types of present conjugation. (Note: Czech doesn't have the continuous tense: dé! | do/l am doing) In this lesson you will learn the first ofthese, the so-called -A model conjugation, represented by the verb delat (to do or tom We conjugate verbs whose infinitives end -at (except for the ending -ovat, see p. 27 paragraph 4.6) and also the verb mit, mam (to have, | ha the same way as this verb. -Averbs dlat to do, to make positive forms negative forms ié da nedalam ty alas ned&las on,ona,to | d ned&la my ime nedélame w di nedélate oni dala nedélajf" " Incolloqual Cech the shortened form is also used (oni dl, ned. You can find the other types of conjugation on pages 17, 22.and 27. Il 1.6 Verb tenses Czech has three verb tenses: present, future and past. You'll notice that in the conjugation tables in the present, you will also find for each ve ‘example of the Ist person in the past and future tense (known as the jd-form). For example under the conjugation of the verb byt you'll see: Past tense: byl/byla jsem | was (masculine and feminine respectively) Future tense: budu | will be ‘You will learn the past tense in lesson 6. The future tense is not presented until Czech Express 2, but for the time being you can very simply present tense to express the future. This is perfectly correct grammatically, even ifit is more typical for everyday spoken language. Observe: Zitrajsem doma. I'l be at home tomorrow) Co zitra délas? (What are you doing tomorrow?) Inthis way you can use the expressions zitra (tomorrow), 0 vikendu (at/on the weekend), piisti tyden (next week), piisti 'mésic (next month), rok (next year). 17 Question {f you want toask a question just change the intonation ofthe sentence. Note two types of question intonation: 1. Questions that can be answered yes or no: To je Vaclav Havel? Is it Vaclav Havel? Vy jste student? Are you a student? 2. Questions that cannot be answered yes or no: ‘Odkud jsi? Where are you from? Co dal4é? What do you do? Il 1.8 Gender of nouns ‘The words student, studentka (student) or politik, politika (politician) ete. reflect the natural gender stucient and politik ore men, stud a politika are women. This natural gender is logical, for example, with people and animals. However, in Czech nouns have a grammatical 9 which has no logical basis, for instance banan is masculine, kava is feminine and auto is neuter). For more about how to identity the gramn gender of a noun, see page 20, paragraph 3.1.Il 1.9 Addressing people To address people and animals, Czech uses names in the vocative case. The vocative singular ‘Masculine names Femininenames The majority of names: Martin = Marting* The majority of names: Dana - Danél ‘Names ending inh ch, k, g: Marek ~ Mark ‘Names ending in-¢ or a consonant: Lucie = Lucie! Carre ‘Names ending ina consonant with a hook, c, j-tel and sometimes also -l,-5,-20r-«: Ales ~ Alesft Names with -a ending: Honza ~ Honzt "NaPe Pee 2 Theso-caled mobile’ isunderied.tclsoppears when the noun i decined. For formal address, use the ttle pan Sir, Mr, pani madam, Mis, Ms.or sletna Miss and a surname/last name in the vocative case. Eg: Pane Malétel, coll Pane Malat! Mr. Malét! Pani Novakova! Mrs. Novakova! Sleéno Zajigkoval Miss Zajitkoval 1.10 Czech habits, traditions and conventions 1. Greetings The most common greetings are: Dobré réno! - Good morning! Dobry dent - Hello! Dobry veéer! - Good evening! Dobrou noc! - Good night! Na shledanou! - Goodbye! Ahojt Cau -Hil/Bye! (On leaving we can also wish somebody: Méjte se hezky! (formal) Have a good day! /Maj se hezky! (informal) Have a good day! Note: Jak se ms8?/ak se mite? How ae you? fs not just conventional phrase ora greeting asin English Younever say t when you meet peopl forthe fst time. Compan nother diference that you nay often heara detailed or negative answer 2. Pronunciation of your name and surname ‘Ask your teacher about how to pronounce/spell your name in case of misunderstanding. f someone doesn't understand your name, do not spellit. You simply repeat it again as itis written, sylable by syllable (e.g. Jan Malat > Jan Ma - lat). However, sometimes you precise information, e.g. you want to say that there s an a with a length mark a long a) in the word Malat. In this situation you can highl the help ofthese names for letters (see the table): Jan Malat, dlouhé &. ‘Gzech Alphabet ana -eshétkem I-el w- dvojité ve ‘4-dlouhéa foef m-em x-iks b-be g-ge n-en ¥~ypsilon, tvrd cnce hha fief ¥-dlouhé turd t-te ch-cha 0-0 z-zet d-de {= kréthé mékké 6-dlouhé o i-det dds {= dlouhé mékké i p-pe e-e J-Je a-kve é-dlouhée k-ka rer Be careful: Foreign women’s surnames can be used with the ending -ov8, eg. pani Verdi = pani Verdiové, pani Blair = pani Blairova etc. 3. Apologies When you apologise you say: Promif. (informal) or Promifte. (formal) Sorry. or Pardon, Pardon me. The reaction is: To nic. “It It's OK When you want to go through a crowd of people you say: Pardon. Pardon me. or S dovolenim. Let me through, please. 12(esse oaa 4. Expressing regret and sympathy ‘Note: When you regret someone or something, you say To je 3koda. It's a shame/pity. When you are told sad news you say To je mi li lam sorry (or you). 5. Auniversal Czech word: prosim The Czech word prosim can be used in many situations. Note: 1. The most common use: Dékuju/D&kujl.— Prosim. Thank you. - You're welcome. 2. Inarrestaurant: Prosim, pivo. Beer, please. 3. Your telephone rings. You pick up the receiver and say: Prosim? Yes? 4. You are addressed by a shop assistant: Prosim? Can | help you? 5. You misunderstand your partner. You ask him or her: Prosim? Pardon? 6. You meet someone by a door and want to let him or her pass fist: Prosim. Please.ROU Caren Wordlist for lesson 1 +Page4 Ano. Coznamené..2 Dékuju. coll Diky. Dobie. Jakse fekne..? Jak se to pie? Je8t8 jednou, prosim Ne. Nerozumim. Prosi, Rozumite? Spatné. «Page 6 auto byt, sem co eesky den dobry hrad Je kdo. ‘rise noc pivo prazsky rano to veter Cojeto? Dobré réno! Dobrou noc! aha ahoj au lat, délam ‘ekonom, ekonomka Italie ia Jit, jdu Kanada kancelai, v kanceléti me muset, musim, 14 Yes What does .. mean? ‘Thank you. Thanks. Good. Well. Fine, How do you say..2 How do you write it? Once again, please! No. | don't understand, Please. | beg your pardon. Do you understand? Bad_/Not well. car tobe, lam what Czech ad) day 00d, delicious castle is who crystal night , beer Prague ad). morning it that the evening What ist? Good morning! Good night! Hello! Good evening! Whois it? Hil Hello! todo, 1 do/ to make, | make ‘economist Italy ' t0.g0, | go (on foot) Canada office, in an office ime (the accusative form of the pronoun ja) ‘must, | must / have to, | have to Nemecko odkud rominout*, prominu pf promis, promifte! restaurace, vrestauraci situace student, studentka tak y titel uéitelka uz (extended form: ve) +L Vietnam y (extended form: 22) +6 Co dalas/dalate? Na shledanou, Odkud jsi/jste? Promifite, musim jft. Tesi mal +Pages manazer, manazerka my on ‘ona oni ono pan pani sleéna +Page9 Ceska republika (Cesko) Francie herec heretka Irsko ie nic politik, politika Polsko profesor, profesorka Rusko sportovec, sportovkyné Ukrajina USA [react ties 8] _zpévik zpévacka Germany from where to excuse, Ill excuse the imperativ restaurant, ina restaurant situation student you (informal singular) teacher already, stil in Vietnam you (plural and formal singular) from (aplace) What do you do? What are you doi Goodbye. ‘Where ate you from? Excuse me, | have to go. Nice to meet you. manager we he she they Sir, Mister Mrs, Madam, Ms. Miss the Czech Republic France actor Ireland oh! gee! nothing politician Poland professor Russia sportsman, sportswoman; athlete Ukraine the USA singer Sorry! Don't worry about it. Iti... Thatis...*Page 10 ale éislo e-mail jak jaky minus mit, mam plus prog se tady telefon telefonni vas «read: tetka} @ lread: zavinaa] cz {read cé zet} Jak se mas/mate? Jaky ma8/mate telefon? Prosim vas... Ujde to/ide to. +Page 11 ‘ach jo autobus au nowy problém piedstavovat se, iedstavuju se slon ten Dale! Sdovolenim! but number e-mail how what kind, what sort of, what...Jike minus tohave, Ihave plus why oneself here telephone telephone adj Yyou (the accusative form ofthe pronoun vy) dot at (inan e-mail address) @ How are you? What is your telephone number? Excuse me... Soso. oh well bus ‘Ow'/Ouch! new problem to introduce oneself, lintroduce myself elephant that, the ‘Come in! (literally:*Further!") Let me through, please!patete)i Pa Appendix to lesson 2 I 2.1 The prepositions vedle + the genitive In the bubble, you can see the nominative sg. of nouns, eg, clvchod (shop), banka (bank), restaurace (restaurant) and kino (cinema). already know from the first lesson, the nominative sg. is the dictionary form of the noun that you should remember. However, if you use a: after a preposition, you don't use the nominative. in this particular case, the preposition vedlle (next to) is followed by the genitive singular: endings. Compare: ‘obchod (the nominative) - vedle obchoulll (the genitive) banka (the nominative) - vedle bank (the genitive) restaurace (the nominative) ~ vedle restaurace (the genitive) kino (the nominative) - vedle kin (the genitive) See oko page 10, paragraph 1.1. Foran overview ofthe genitive singular see page 6. I 2.2 Adverbs expressing direction or motion x adverbs expressing location In Czech, motion or drection to somewhere and location are expressed differently. Direction or motion Location Question: Kam? Where to? ‘Question: Kde? Where? Dynamic verbs: Static (= stationary) verbs: Jit to goon foot, byttobe, Jet to go by vehicle, pracovat to work, letat to fly... studovat to study, bydlet to reside, iitto live, Rekat to wait... semhere tady here tam there ‘tam there nahoru up, upwards nahoie up, above dol down, downwards dole down, below doprava to the right pravo/napravo on the right doleva tothe left vlevo/nalevo on the left doprostied to the middle uprostied in the middle Compare; Jdéte nahoru .“Go to up” Go up. x To je nahoi I'S up above. Jdéte dold. “Go to down’ Go down. x To je dole. I's down below. Jdéte doprava, Go to the right. Go right. x To je vpravo. It's on the right Jdate doleva, Go to the left. Go left. x To je vlevo. t's on the left. Jdéte doprostied. Go to the middle. x To je uprostied. It's in the middle. I 2.3 Metro x metrem The forms autobusem by bus, viakem by train tramvaj{ by tram, metrem by metro, autem by car are in the instrumental sg. At this stage, are recommended to learn these expressions by heart as phrases. Gender Masculine Feminine Neuter Nominative sg,_[autobus,viak ramvaj auto, metro instrumentalsg, | autobusil viaKl_[tramvall au men However, the word pé8ky(on foot) isan adverb, Adverbs don't take endings, and therefore it doesn't change its form. Observe: Musite jet tramvaji isto jedna, = Musite jet jednigkou. Musite jet autobusem gislo dva, = Musite jet dvojkou. 16CZECH E Hh 2.4 Verbs jit and jet (Czech distinguishes the verbs jit (to go on foot) and jet (to go by vehicle). When you ask for directions, you can often hear the expressions: ‘Musite jt... "You have to go on foot ...You need to go... ‘Musite jet... "You have to go by vehicle..."You need too... ‘Sometimes you may also hear the imperative forms ofthe verbs jt andjet, eg. Jdéte [dete] rovné! Go straight ahead! Jedte doleva! Turn left! Formore about the vert tt goon fot andjet to go by vehicle) se page 32 paragraph 6 Il 2.5 Model of conjugation: -i verbs From the first lesson you already know the irregular verb byt and also the verb délat, representing the -A model of conjugation. Here you can see the -[model of conjugation represented by the verb rozumét (to understand). All the verbs ending in -et, -ét, “it and also the verbs jist, jist (to eat, | eat), ‘spat, spim (to sleep, | sleep) and stat, stoji (meaning 1: to stand, it stands, meaning 2: to cost, it costs) are ‘conjugated according to this model. -Averbs rozumat (to understand) ia rozut ty rozut fon, ona,to | rozur my rozumime y rozui oni rozumi/rozuméji’ "This forms only sedi formalr written Czech. In colloquial Czech the shortened form oni rozumé}s used. Il 2.6 Information about travelling 1. Maps: wwew.mapy.cz 2. How to look up transport connections on the internet Transport in the Czech Republic: wwwridos.cz Transport in Prague: www.dpp.cz Goto Vyhledavani spojeni. Important words: ‘odkud where from, kam where to, pfes via, datum date, éas time, prestup transfer, change, vyhledat search 1 2.7 Czech habits, traditions and conventions 1. If youte asking about a price, you use the question: Kolik stoji does it cost? Remember: The question Koike...” cant be usedto translate How much fs..? This question sony used for calculations eg. Kolkje 1+ 1? How muchis 1 +1? 2 How much does ... cost? or Kolik to stoji? How much 2. How to address a stranger Ifyou want to address a stranger (someone in the treet, a policeman, waiter, shop-assistantetc.) say Prosim vas, ... Excuse me (formal). Children can be addressed with Prosim t .. Excuse me (informal). Another option is Promitite,... formal) or Promitt,.. (informal). 3. Negative questions ‘negative question is more polite than a positive one in this context. Note: Nevite, kolik stojilistek? ‘Don't you know how much a ticket is?” Do you know how much a ti 4, Foreigners living in the Czech Republic sometimes complain that Czechs speak English to them and therefore they have litle opportunity to practice their Czech in real life. It's partly because Czechs are eager to practice their English, German, French, Spanish etc, partly because they know Czech is not an easy language and they want to help foreigners or speed up the conversation. this happens to you, simply say: Promifite, ale mitzeme mluvit Zesky? Sorry, but can we speak Czech? You could explain: Jsem cizinec/eizinka. | am a (male) foreigner/(female) foreigner. Uzim se éesky. 'm learning Czech. Above all, however, keep speaking Czech and let the people around you get used to it. = Phisrevnovh seasters Wordlist for lesson 2 Page 14 banka bank blicko neat, nearby daleko far divadlo ‘theatre. dole down below kavarna, café kino cinema kostel church (only a building) masto city town most bridge nadrazi (railway or bus) station namésti town square nahote up above nemocnice hospital obchod shop orientace ctientation eka river socha statue stanice station stop $kola school uprostied +6 inthe middle vedle +G next to. vesnice village vlevo/nalevo on the left vpravo/napravo on the right zastavka stop Jeto blizko nebo daleko? Kdeje...? Page 15 cko, atkem_ auto, autem autobus, autobusemn bécko, bétkem bily ‘cétko, céekem esky doleva doprava dam hledat, ledsm jedtel jet”, jedu liste isthy ‘metro, metrem minuta rmluvit, mluvim moc Isis near or far? Whereis... Aline, by the A line (on the Prague underground) car, by car bus, by bus Bline, by the B line (on the Prague underground) white Cline, by the C line (on the Prague underground) inCzech tothe left to the right house +0 look for, 'm looking for 0! (by vehicle) t0 90,1 go (by vehicle) ticket, tickets underground, by underground minute to speak, | speak much, many, a lot pesky rovné rozumat, rozumim stat, stoji tam ‘urista, turistka vvédet, vim vidat, vidim viak, vlakem Jdéte doprava/doleva, Nevite, kde je...? +Page 16 druhy hhned rvni supermarket tet ulice zase Jdéte prvni/druhou/teti ulici doleva +Page 17 adresa es diky (OC) dlouhé dlouhy informace internet mapa Podivat se, podivim se pf. Podivej se na.. Rozumite anglicky, némecky, rusky? +Page 18 bydlet, bydlim éislodomu kino, v king kolik koruna a+b nadrazi,na nédraai rnormalni obec PSC [read: pé es ée] on foot straight to understand, | understand 1.to stand, it stands 2. to cost, it there tourist to know, | know to see, | (can) see train, by train Goto the right/to the left. Do you know where is...? the second immediately, right the first supermarket the third street again Take the first/second/third ‘turning to the left. address time thanks long a, a with a length mark long information internet map to look, I'l look Lookat.... Do you understand English, German, Russian? tolive, live house number cinema, in the cinema how much, how many crown on railway station, at the railway station normal ‘universal term fora city, town or village postal code taxiCZECH EXPRESS zemé country zpateeni return ad). Kolikje1 +1? How much is 1412 (when you count) Kolik stoji...? How much s...? (when you ask about aprice) Kolik to stoj? How much is it? (when you ask about aprice) Kde bydlis/bydlite? Where do you live? Jakou mas/mate adresu? Whats your address? +Page 19 dovolend adj. holidays, vacation GPS (read: dai pies) GPs halé hello Hava Hawail let flight letisté airport mosny possible potast weather pro+A for snad perhaps Spatny bad t8sit sea, t&sim sena+a__ tolook forward to, look forward to zrusen cancelled Let na Havaj zrusen ‘The flight to Hawaii was cancelled pro Spatné potast. due to bad weather. Tosnad neni mone! That's not possible! Honem! Hurry up! Mimo provoz. Out of order.PARK Appendix to lesson 3 i 3.1 Grammatical gender. The nominative singular Inthe following table of he nominative singular (whichis the form that you willfind in the dictionary) the so-called declension patterns arepresen These patterns represent various types of declension. (You will encounter them in the overall overview of cases on pages 66 and 67.) [Nominative singular! Gender pronounten |-§a-1adjective noun ‘Masculine animate ten dobry kvalitni student, muz, kolega ‘Masculine inanimate ten dobry kvalitn’ bandn, éaj Feminine ta obra kvalitni kava, restaurace, kanceléi, mistnost Neuter to dobré?kvalitni auto, mofe, kufe, nédrazi The typical endings forthe nominative plural (nthe majority of ase] ari ory (eg. knelt, brambory,paaéinky.) You can ind an overview of nominative plurlsin the tab age 67 +n colloquial Cech you can ako hear these nominatvesg. adjective forms dobre) stuen! bans, dobry aut, In this table you can see that we have used three colours to mark grammatical genders visually in this coursebook: blue, red and green. Each n hhas a grammatical gender which determines the forms of several other types of word, e.g. adjectives, several pronouns and verbs in the past (see page 36, paragraph 6.1). ‘Nouns ‘Nouns have three grammatical genders: masculine (we make a distinction between masculine animate~ people and animals eg. stucient, pes, ‘masculine inanimate, eg. banan), feminine (eg. kava) and neuter (eg. auto). Its important to know the gender of each noun. There isa practical aid to determine the gender ofa noun. Remember: (66% of nouns have these majority ending in the nominative singular: ‘Masculine ends ina consonant (eg, stucient, banén, profesor, muz man, ucitel, supermarket, éaj tea.) Feminineends na (eg. kava, studentka, profesorka, utitelka, banka, skola...) Neuterends in-0 (eg, auto, kino, divadlo, m&sto, pivo, metro...) You can easily recognise the gender of most nouns by these endings. 34% of nouns have different, minority endings in the nominitive singular: The ending -el-8 very often occurs in the feminine (restaurace, stanice, r72e, sportovkyné, kolegyné ...), but also in the neuter (kue, more see The ending -4 very often occurs in the neuter (eg. nadrazi, namésti). The ending -a can also occur'in the masculine (xo\e92 colleague, cn/eba bread), while a consonant can occur also in the feminine (kancelsiof mistnost room). You need to remember the gender of nouns with minority endings. However, in time you will get practice in determining gender by the ending 0 nominative singular and be able to distinguish almost all nouns. Adjectives We can divide adjectives into two types according to the ending of the nominative singular: 4) Adjectives, which end in J (9 adjectives). InCzech grammar these are called hard adjectives because ys calleda ‘hard y/y’in Czech. These adjectives are affected by the gender of the ri that they go with in the nominative singular. For example: dobry ban, dobré kava, dobré auito. In Czech grammar these are called soft adjectives because is called a soft in Czech. These adjectives are not affected by the gender ofther that they go with in the nominative singular. For example: kvalitn’ ann, kvalitné kava, kvalitn’ auto. Pronouns The demonstrative pronoun ten (this/that) has masculine, feminine and neuter forms. E.g. ten banan, ta kava, to auto, Wl 3.2 Cox jaky, jaka, jaké ‘Co means what. Jaky means what... itis ike. Compare: Co je to? What sit? -To je bandn. It's a banana. x Jaky je? What sit lke? - Je dobry. It's delicious. ‘Be careful ok acct and sot takes masculine fernine ond neve frms ak een band? Jake ta kia? Jakéje to auto?Ii 3.3 The accusative singular In this lesson you will learn the case which is called accusative. In order to understand how we use this case better, compare the two following sentences: Kava je dobré. (The coffee is good.) x Pju kau. (I drink coffee.) Notice the word kéva (coffee) in both sentences. In the first sentence the word kéva isthe subject (the subject is the person or thing which car an action or isthe carrier ofthe state or characteristic). In the second sentence the word kava isthe direct object (the direct object is the pe thing to which the action is done or which is affected). In Czech the direct object indicated by the accusative with its endings. Inthe following table you can see an overview of the accusative singular. Notice that the nouns are divided into the 3 declension groups, should help you find your way better inthe system of case endings and gradually master them. In his phase of your studies you will mainly p the endings for group | ‘Accusative singular Gender_| Pronounten | oradecine Noun Group! Groupil Groupil (nouns ending in 1ouns ending 2, -5, -,-I | (=nouns with a special a consonant, -a,-0) --t-fi-e>} often tel -e/-8) | declension) a |_| dob vane | student mull kolegllt i __| ten dobry'kvalitni | banan aj = i di dobroll kvalitni avid restauradl, kancela? mistnost nN [to dobré'kvalitni | auto mote ute, nédrazi Incollquia Czech you may alo her these accusative sngulr forms: dobryho swdents, dobre) bans dob) auto. in this eszon you wont learn the accusative forms ofthe masculine animate. Youll meet them onlin lesson 4 wen youl say, fr example, Mam baa asst. (have and sister) Mém ps0 akoéku. (have a dog ané cat) How co we know when to use the accusative? You should learn the verbs (and later prepositions too) after which the accusative is used, e.g. lat (to do}, mit (to have), hledat (to look f si (to take}, mit rid (to like, jist (to eat), pit (to drink). We call these verbs transitive. N.B. After some verbs (we call them intransitive) we use a direct object in the accusative. They are, for example: byt (to be), pracovat (to work), spat (to sleep). To help you understand the df between transitive and intransitive verbs you should notice that, lke in English, you cannot say, for example, “| sleep something’ (the verb t isintransitive), but you can say " drink something" (the verb to drink is transitive). I 3.4 The verb dat si The verb dat si literally means "to give to oneself”, but in a restaurant we translate it with the expression “to have/take.’ This verb is reflexive, means that it always goes together with the reflexive pronoun si’ (dam si, daé si, da si...). The reflexive pronoun si can't go at the begin a sentence but takes the second logical position in the sentence (see page 37 paragraph 6.4 for more.) Compare: co a date? “What yourself do you give?” What'll you have?_ Dim (il pomeranéovy dius "1 give myself orange juice” have an orange juice. "in Czech there are two reflexive pronouns: s(t oneself) and se (oneself seepage 26 paragraph 4.1. I 3.5 Counting Counting in Czech is quite complex.’ When you order food in a restaurant or buy things in a shop’, you can avoid unknown case endings by us expressions jednou once, dvakrat twice, tfikrat three times... the accusative singular or plural. For example: Dam sijednou kévu. Il have one coffee. Dame si dvakrat /e'll have two coffees. Dame si ttikrét hranolky. We'll have three portions of fries. "When we count weuse 1 jeder jednajedno) + the nominative singular, 2 (dvs, dv, dv), 3, 4+ the nominative plural and 56,7... the genitive paral Moreover, wel ‘ase endingfornumbers, Dim si jednu kav. have one coffe) Vdim jednioho student (can see one student) 2 Note: in shops they use the weight dekagram (oll deko), whch s 10 grams. So ifyou want to buy eg. 104 cheese, you should say: 10 deka. Another useful unit of weight it klogram (ol kiloeee wo ee 3.6 Mam rad/rad Ifyou like something or someone, you should say: ‘Mam rd... ifyou are aman) Mam réda... fyou area woman). ‘Mame rédi... (in the plural) Honever, the expression mit rd (to like/love) is only used with people or wth objects e.g. Mam réd deeru. (Ilove my daughter. Mam rada kau, (\like/love coffee). fyou like doing something, you should use a different expression. See page 33, paragraph 5.7 for more, Il 3.7 Model of conjugation: -E* verbs Inthis lesson you wil learn the -E* model conjugation represented by the verb ist (to read). Tis is the most difcult conjugation model be in the tense forms the stem of the word often changes, e.g (to read) x bu (read, i (to drink) x fill (! drink). The verbs which follow ‘model are marked with an asterisk (*) in this coursebook. For verbs marked this way you should always remember not just the Infinitive but als ‘stperson, i the|form, eg. est, dtu, We usually conjugate verbs ending t,-t, et, “ist -€s, st, dst the infinitive this way. -E* verbs (verbs with stem changes) Gist* (to read) ia au ty ‘on, ona, to my éteme y te oni étou Nowe: Th ver pit can have tw forms ntand ey forms 8 purl oi pour. Te forms on the ight (indi ar ony sed informa or wten Czech. Hl 3.8 100 korun, eur/euro, dolarii Remember: dolar dollar) ~ 100 dolaré (100 dollars) koruna (crown) ~ 100 korun (100 crowns) ‘euro (euro) - 100 eur/euro (100 euros) With numbers of 5 and higher we use the genitive plural. You can find an overview of the genitive plural on p. 67. Il 3.9 Czech habits, traditions and conventions . 1. Eating and drinking The main meals of the day are snidané breakfast, obéd lunch and vetete dinner. Czech lunch isthe biggest meal ofthe day and it consstsof soup and a main dish. Czechs eat soup with a spoon and the main dish with a knife and fork. When Czechs startto eat, they ther: Dobrou chut. Enjoy your meal The traditional toasts Na zdravil To your health!” Cheers! butin an informal situation people or€ust or aut Watch out:eating noisily or suring you food during a meal are considered very rude! 2. Ordering food ‘Aswellas the phrase Dam si... I'l have... ou can also often hear these ina restaurant: Prosim... Please... Chtél/chtéla bych... 1d tke, Ja bych chtl/chtéla... like. 3. Offering food Daé/date si kavu? Would you like some coffee? Nedéd/nedate si kévu? ‘Wouldn't you like some coffee?" Would you like some coffee? Note the reactions: Ano, dékuju. Yes, please. Ne, d@kuju. No, thank you. 22CZECH EXPR 4. Tipping When you want to tip a waiter in a restaurant, add your tip to the total amount and hand it to the waiter saying: To je v porédku. It's OK. or colloquially To je dobry. It's OK. if you are supposed to pay, for example, 283 crowns, you can round this amount up to 300 crowns. In Czech restaurants the rule of paying a 10% tip does not apply. Czechs round the amount up as in the example given above. 5. Leaving the table ‘Ifyou need to leave the table for a while (eg. oo to the restroom), you say: Odskotim si." jump aside! | have to use the bathroom.Wordlist for lesson 3 +Page 22 bandn bramborovy brambor, brambory & eemny eerveny Eesnekovy okolida Zokolsdovy del (coll deci, decka) dezert, dezerty dort duseny dius uiss gulasovy hotovy houskové kneditky hovézi(maso) hranolek, hranolky jideint listek jidlo, dla karamel kava (coll kafe) kel, knedliky kola madarsky maso apo} népoje neperlvy oméeka ovoce palaginka, palatinky peteny kute perivy piti polévka, polévky pomeranéovy raatovy ryte Hizek 5 (extended form: se) + | salat, salty smazeny svat Sopsky salét tatarsky, vanilkovy vateny 24 banana potato adj potato, potatoes tea black red garlic adj chocolate chocolate adj. ‘abbreviation for decilitre dessert, desserts cake steamed juice goulash ‘goulash adj ready, ready-made bread roll dumplings beef (meat) French fries, chips (UK) menu meal, meals caramel coffee dumpling, dumplings coke Hungarian meat beverage/drink, beverages/ drinks stil sauce fruit pancakes baked chicken carbonated/sparkling drink soup, soups orange ad). tomato adj. rice Vienna schnitzel (breaded pork or chicken cutlet) with salad, salads fried pale "shopa salad’; Greek salad tartar vanilla cooked, boiled vepfové (maso) voda zelenina zeleninovy zeleny zmvraina 2zndt, nam + Page 23 dobry kvalitné +Page24 dat si, dim si dohromady dvakrat ast", dtu Gisnik, eBnice host jednou dist, jim k (extended form: ke) mit réd/réda, mim (dci/réda no pit’, piju taky takée tiikrat vSechno zaplatit,zaplatim pf lit Damsi.. Date si...? Dobrou chut! Toje viechno? Zaplatim. Zvl8t nebo dobromady? +Page 25 esto koktejl miéko Sampaiiské (vino) Ja taky. Jétakyne, +Page26 bota, boty kniha pork (meat) water vegetables vegetable adj. green ice cream to know, know 900d, delicious good-quality to have, Ill have (Be care dat si means literally "to to oneself’ notto have!) together twice toread, read waiter, waitress guest once toeat, leat ‘to (outside places and pee tolike ike wel to drink I drink also, too well, 0 three times everything, all to pay, Ill pay separately Vihhave... Will you hav Bon appetite! Enjoy it, Is that all? pay. Separately or together? often cocktail milk: champaigne Me too. Me neither. shoe, shoes bookmobil cell phone/mobile obéd lunch, svetr sweater tticko Tshirt vitamin, vitaminy vitamin, vitamins +Page27 do+G to, into hele! look! hlad hunger kuchaf, kuchatka cook aproti + D opposite otevieno open otkat, potkim pf towalt, Il wait roe why 5el the past tense of to go (on foot): went zavieno closed tizeh, thirst Kolik je hodin? What's the time? Mam hlad a zizen. am hungry and thirsty.a ‘ t : 238061425 Gy years) tome Tamas : ies one “at a 5 alm at ne my nu 2 He F pemeenpescr tomsiaties Honan ema Fe eerie nom eete ae Fae ets wn mk a rete Pe | ' i ia om iis | — - | | sedieh jeno el 44-9 and ‘adjectives Youle now bm ess tingush wo types of ce Borel shen phew icin, : piupiateeh ya Wang tat, tone. — Rite Calin, Korafe, Si | ~ es wo Ha 04 5 os tae» ‘ 2 2 45 Stary x start tusty sna socom nwo onc Hybrid ay tar at 2 a dam et a ei a Hh 4.6 The model of conjugation: OVAT verbs From the previous essors you aeady know the-A, (ea prroaert rac antnoie Land madonna me et a LOVEE vores | pny ° ai 1 eck ie ake of pO CON ARORA RNR, Nena, Secnet, ea. =n 4.7 Subject nominative singular x object (accusative singular) = eyo choty iron lesion 3h ec cbs es eh och ecg Co osha en en te feminine changes its ending from the norrunitive sangular (derma awa x den stern kw). in thes lesson youl feaen that in the werent. the he tmsce cre tot mers peopl onin do hanes send Copan ee ern je rte younger dn nal a ae yong bet) tapes ove. Oy ont) ken weil po hr go) nthe it serene mace bao eon pe eth anti the cd erence hye a css oo frapagh' on poy deny mth ccs hs ht fly ae ene on ring an sing ei rat group of noun. 1H 4.8 Czech habits, traditions and conventions ceech names (9) Caech Chstianst name (kes jméno) ike of Stavonic languages Ceech basa rch stem offal and pet names. Fo example Mari on be cfled Maken, Maru, Map, it, ‘Majda... Jan con be ccled Jena, Jeni, Jeoidek, Hons, Hone... (rm the German Hans) and Jost on be coe Sin. Pape, Pept Pepitek. hom he aon Pepe. 1) Ceech sumameast nome ipimend Cech ost names cn sometimes sound funny. You can come across sata Zao (Ms Sunny! pand Mra ic. Box pan Sa Ms. ‘Weak pan Berdnak (Lamb, pan Minera. Rascal pan Poivka Mi Soup) or pan Nohavica Ms, rowereg! Semect'ne molten ending in| orn fact the so-called form, with which we form the past tense, Pan Vyskon ‘stared. Mt Stared, Naturaly pant Koukalov isthe Mon Who Stared wie,Appendix to lesson 4 41 The verb jmenovat se event ry ee a eT Troe wh nas ht Oo Ee Zyoin em er obec use prude men ee Te gate 3 ac coo 9° a oyananer nat eyouete eae ren |e {nsioee [8 B42 Jem et ee rom seer Mtis 25 (years) to me"! an tomas ronments: sp? thier tormenta eer e nan wn sth How nitet-BOHS BH RRS vin mona rnd pest POE Theron ee ed John podem 35 tts 25 e815) 1076"l ay . oa —E oe ‘Rae homarionyae goaehigte | 4.3Possessve pronouns: mij, mo} epasesone procs TReramnaie go 5 [yossemasp soins ts [her [nat [ae lester a [nae [vie ‘early dca lpg pdt neva ys Cove Arerasis malt mya pmo ae mae - ‘tent femme my Doe: tjemenman oy Soe wp eee WM 44-¥ ond adjectives ‘oakedy now hm son hat pending on hero ‘lnm aman aed. ingen tefm tich yo wlindin re i a) Aajecestich end coe 8 Ades ihenain 4 acectvas Wh 4.5 Stary x start, lusty x stints I 4.6 The model of conjugation: OVAT verbs ny | prea [om Prec oc I 4.7 Subject (nominative singular) x object (accusative singular) CGaech est names con sometnes sound fn. ou can come cos seta Zaha pan(Hrubé es Rough pant Stab Weak pan Berane Lar) pan Mizera i asc pan Polvka Mi Sour pan Nohavie (Toure stamLioreish< Dati zaiys mal Haat e all a ah soi acinatmconan witeteriiretes OSH) den 1, Mostumamesare oft ype Taemercine(en Ovals ote 2. These nameremressquoits eg coousond have an gece 3 Msype ver roe does change end stay oro decined tat Woy. Sola, ve ole oma Jaks menuse Smenuiuse iota er demu. sPoge 31 ae + Page32 energy heck boytend it Dad format What's your handsome prety, good ooking sky Jett} brat?Appendix to lesson 5 I 5.1 Prepositions vx ve Se ete at twee Sock ve BPI aSSEOL yb pronunciation. Meform VIS. Fitedu sition v in, at has an extended form ot afte on THUS ve firma in the f IH 5.2 Telling the time: hours 2° When? V kolik hodin?® At what time? ‘adding r8no ©: ‘at 8 [in the evening, :wenty hou! Kady’ arly morning, dopoledne mornir ‘at night).In Czech it’s also rs, This way of expressi .g: Koncert je v8 (veer), The concert is § Koncert je ve 20.00 (dvacet nula nula). The concert is at xa he radio, atthe airport in station announcements etc tice another way ofteling the time. For examples ofthis see the chart below. er way of telling time: ve Bins jean (dvé ti.) | vBlljednd (rub ft | ve HHERWE na jednu (dvé, tii...) Jy zating koncert? When does the concer start? x KdyBzadiné koncert, nemizeme mluvit. When the conce ata quarter to one after twelve athalf past twelve starts, we cant speak Kollkje odin? What's the time? 5.3 Talking about time: parts of the day, days of the week he names ofthe parts ofthe day and days in the nomin the question: kdy? when? Compare: ae he form which you fi ich y dopoledne vpoledne odpoledneNote: vikend (weekend) - 0 vikendu (at/on the weekend) The names of the days in Czech are interesting. pondali (Monday) - from “po nedéli" (after Sunday) tery (Tuesday) — from the Old Slavonic and Russian *vtoroj" it means second). stfeda (Wednesday) - from“stfedni den” (middle day) étvrtek (Thursday) - from “ttvrty den” (fourth day) patek (Friday) - from “paty den* (fifth day) sobota (Saturday) - from the jewish “sabat” (it means the day of rest) nedéle (Sunday) - from “nedélat” (not to do) Note: the preposition v/ve used in connection with time takes the accusative. 5.4 Dates The question is: Kolikatého je dneska? What's the date today? The numerals used in dates are called ordinal numerals. In dates we use these numerals in the genitive. The date can be written in these two ways: 1. ay) 1. (month) 2010 (year) We read it as: prvniho pryni dva tisice deset 1. (day) ledna (month) 2010 (year). We read it as: pruniho ledna dvatisice deset The names of the months in Czech are interesting. leden January (from led - ice) tinor February (probably from nofit se — to immerse = melting ice) bfezen March (from biza — birch tree or biezi - pregnant animal) duben April (from dub - oak) kvéten May (from kvétina - flower) Eerven June (from éerveny - red) Eervenec July (from éerveny ~ red) srpen August (from stp - sickle) zai September (from za fije - during the rutting season) iijen October (from fije — rutting season) listopad November (from list and padat ~a leaf and to fall) prosinec December (probably from siny - a bookish word for gray) Note: Expreising a period oftime from tos translated into Czech as od ~ do. ££: Vjstavaje od 1.ledna do 30. nora. The exhibition is from Ist January to 30th February 5.5 Modal verbs Modal verbs have no meaning by themselves and they ust modify the meaning ofthe main ver. Remember these ‘modal verbs: chtit*, chei (to want, | want) Note:The verb chit has completely inegular conjugation that has tobe learned byhear: che chceb, chee, chceme, chests cht moct*, miu (to be able, can,| am able, | can) muset, musim (must, have to, | must, have to) The infinitive usually follows a modal verb. Observe: hei pracovat. (| want to work) MaZu pracovat. (I can work.) Musim pracovat. (| must work.) These verbs can also be followed by a direct object (in the accusative), e.g. Chei zmrzlinu. | want ice-cream. You may often also hear modal verbs used inthe conditional form, eg. hlicttla bych... would ike)[5.6 Verbs of motion jit, jet + From lesson 2, you know the verbs of motion Jt* = 22, porograph 3.7): rer Je tog on ootau, des ie, deme, jdete jet®(to.g0 by vehicle): jedu, jeded, jede, jedemer 2 sitions 40: Verbsit to go.onfootandjet to goby vehicle) WIN PIEPETE gu They answer the question kam? ~ where to? Compare that they are used with eS =| Direction ormoverent T uestion: Kam? Where to? as | ic verbs: Dynamic verbs: ‘ jitto go on foot, jet to go by vehicle, letét to fly snaandk(andits trating the meaning of | B+the genitive | + meocuse +-actions and activities + the accusative = —>[ 2 st The preposition do The preposition do (flowed by the genitive) is used with motions to the inside of places or “closed/limited” units. Its used, for exany Caan ants sites counties, towns vllages and buildings, Observe: du do Skoly.| am going to school. Jedu do Anglie. am goins t Foran overview ofthe genitive singular se page 6. The preposition na The preposition na (in the dynamic meaning followed by the accusative) a) actions and activities, 9. du na koncert. am going toa concert @) islands and peninsulas «9. edu na Maltu, lam going to Malta, mrp armen "Comore ao with ews of na words wth staves eg bj Jduke kamarédovi. 'm going to my fiends na Gelaereas Foran overview ofthe date singular sepage verbs follow the -E* modelo ie th these vehicle). 60 sss direction or motion t. form ke) express exenepese three prepositions and rem is used with so called “na words", ie. Con Mit For Rad For ot ce wah kde dy Wh Obs Nec Nec Noti1s fith 5.7 Mit rad (to like) x rad délat (to like doing/to do) Compare: “Mitrad +noun (person, animal or thing...) ‘Forexample: Ma réda knibhy. She likes books. Ma réd tenis. He likes tennis. x ‘Rad +verb Forexample:Rada éte knihy. She likes reading books. Rad hraje tenis. He likes playing tennis. ‘Note the shortening in negative forms:réd ~ nerad, radia - nerada, ri ~ neradi 5.8 Multiple negatives Czech uses multiple negatives, e.g. Co nedéla nikdy? "What doesn't he/she never do?" What does he/she never do? swith nteropative pronouns and adverbs kdo (who), kee where) and ky (when) that you know from previous lessons you can easly make indefinite pronouns and negative or adverbs by adding the prefixes n8-(some-) and ni- (no). Observe: {edo (who) ~ nkdlo (someone) ~nikdo (no one) ‘kde (where) - nékde (somewhere) -nikde (nowhere) “ky (when) ~ n@kedy (sometimes) ~nikdy (never) I 5.9 Czech habits, traditions and conventions When you want to invite someone somewhere you often use negative questions, which here full the function ofa polite suggestion or ofer Observe: Nechceé jit na tenis? “Don't you want to go to see/to play tennis?" Would you lke to see/to play tennis? ‘Nechces jit do kina? “Don’t you want to go to the cinema?" Would you like to go to the cinema? Notice the response: Ano, chci. Ne, nechci.+Page38 exyrtek, ve tvrtek divadelni detektivka ddnes,dneske do+6 dopoledne festival film ky koncert onéit,konéim sulturni le, vnedéli od +6 odpotedne a hodiny tek, v patek pondél, vpondati program sobota v sobotu da, ve stiedu ‘yen tery very vikenc vikendu ystava zatinat, zaginam Kdy je. V kolik (hodin) je. Kolikje hodin? Page 39 datum diskote fort hhoke} narozeniny (only pl) skupina tenis ‘trénink ‘Kolikatého je? Wordlist for lesson 5 Thursdayon Thursday theatre play theatre crime storyrfilm today to,into morning ‘wo tthe feminine form ofthe word ava) festival fim game, play hour hours when concert to finish, finish, to\end, lend cultural Sunday, on Sunday fom (outside places and people) afternoon opera Friday, on Friday Monday, on Monday programme Saturday, on Saturday Wednesday, on Wednesday week Tuesday, on Tuesday weekend, at the weekend exhibition tostart tobegin When is,..? At what time is..? What's the time? date disco football, soccer hockey What, which (ina tine) ‘conference consultation fe fes0n of Czech language) meeting birthday group tennis training What’ the date? page 40 csi che nodit se, hod! s€ moet", mdz eit” se, seidu se treba zitra Hodt se tivam to? = Hodi/Nehodi. Kay se sejdeme? Nechees jt na tenis? Sejdeme se zitra ve 4. +Page41 akce aktivita byt divat se na, divam se na domaci tikol hospoda rat hraju hhudba kazdy kniha nakupovat, nakupuju oslouchat, posloucham price Pracovat, pracuju prochézka sat’, piu spat, spim Supermarket, v supermarketu tancovat, tancuju test tolevice uklizet, uklizim, Vat, vatim Volejbat ao towant, Lwant to be OK, it's OK usually about time) ‘an, leanvto be able, am at, tomeet, I meet about, perhaps, maybe, tomorrow Js that OK for you? = It's OK t's not OK. When shall we meet? Would you like to go and sea, tennis? Weill meet tomorrow at 4 action activity flat, apartment tolook at, !look at homework pub toplay, | play music every book to shop (Compare: kupovat to listen, Ilisten work to work, | work walk to write, | write tosleep, | sleep supermarket, in the supermatk to dance, | dance test television toclean, | clean to cook, | cook volleyball toget up, | get up trip Would you like to goforawak’ | Would you like to go for at? action film Magazine Nother, different very, everyone Somethingrikdy noviny (only pl) potitat spoletny sport sportovat, sportuju unaveny ‘upiné Niky nemim €as. Nikdy nehraju volejbal. +Page 43 stromeéek Vanoce vesely zdobit, zdobim Mam moc prace. Veselé Vanoce! Za tyden jsou Vanoce. never newspaper computer common sport to do sports, Ido sports tired completely Inever have time. Inever play volleyball Christmas tree (literally:“a small tree") Christmas merry, joyful decorate, | decorate “have a lot of work." | am very busy. Merry Christmas! It’s Christmas in a week.Appendix to lesson 6 I 6.1 Forming the past tense pero bye x0 be) Used Look at this comprehensive rable of the pasttense. THE jean be replaced by any ote jexampleandcan i here os a7 Toform the past tense follow these steps , rticipe. sed form (el form the active past partcip get these form = hledal VEd&t —védel, vider - Campa acon pci IGE Shae reef MATCH OUT Some vers often one-sflabe ver ieee, Dee ae eee ae eich ated ft-Sel 3, it~ mal, moct moh, si ie byachangeto the stom ofthe verb frexample di ~ 2. Remember that the form has forms for the masculine, feminine, neuter and plural: For example, the verb byt: byl, byl, blo, byl 3. Youput the appropriate gender form together withthe appropriate form ofthe auxil 59.0nd pl. dont have an auxiliary verb. ny verb byt (see the table above). Note that thei ‘ing the oma orm nthe pes tere: ane Movs Jtedomat Mr Non, were you at home? We use thi when we aradtessing aman, Zant Nova, byl ste doma? Ms Now. were youat home? We ve ths when we aw addessiga weman, rite dom Were you athome? Wewsetiswhen we ar oddesing more than onepeeon “tomiten ach yocon sete leloing endings forms the pl ban yy I 6.2 Negatives in the past tense To form negative forms just add ne-tothe main verb, Forexample: Nebyl sem tam. | was not there Nepracovala jsem. | wasnt working Never howevesput the negative prefirne- bore thea 'e auxiliary verb, e.g Byt nejsem ta Note: tiple ne a : Dott fogette nti Oe Oe lied MH 6.3 Question and reaction in the past tense To form a question, just change the intonation hee " the intonation There Ce toma Were you at home? AnoiNe. esa, PS 2FaHeson intonation in elt cll What you do -Pracoval jem ni eny by alta bya, Thelastform (sta byia i alo used in very fora ech (Compare with page 10, paragraph | Str ain test ta 8 aman {i forms can be shortened inthe past tense in eye athomne. tae cao et ot epage ie a re ang Detarenicmcisitntntcpe nn ee See a Sel ea gay » byl. Yes, Iwas, Vera. Vera. Why do logical second) The exc Youmi theme Note veers veerad Mo. 1. Zn Zné 2nd 2. Ved aw or 3. Um um Um Ger Mo Czech! 5-4Qn I 6.4 The second logical position in the sentence Observe the changes in the word order in the following sentences: I worked. pracoval. _| | worked yesterday. Véera dopoledne jsem_ pracoval. _| I worked yesterday morning. pra worked yesterday morning and afternoon, pracoval._| I worked yesterday morning, afternoon and night. Véera dopoledne a odpoledne Véera dopoledne, odpoledne a veter Why does the word order change like this? As you know from before, Czech word order is flexible (compare page 3, paragraph 6). Nevertheless, there are several litte unstressed words (so called enclcties) that cannot be placed at the beginning of the sentence. They must be located in the second logical position of the sentence ~ but as you can see above, not necessarily as the second word. When more of these unstressed words “meet” in the second position, they are organized like this: The second logical position | Thebeginning | pasttense auxiliaries | reflexive particles se | short forms of dative | short forms of theend | ofasentence’... and si personal pronouns | accusativepersonal | ofa sentence. pronouns and the pronoun to | Dival na televizi. a ® dit The examples used in the chart mean: | watched TV. | was afraid to give it to him. Youmight ask what happens if you put these little unstressed words in some other place. Frankly, nothing: the sentence sounds strange to Czechs, but the meaning remains the same. However, if you don't know this rule, you won't be able to understand Czech speakers or texts properly! "Note: conjuctions and ale othe beginning ofthe sentence do not count e9. Veera dopoledine jsem se uil «pak jsem psal projekt. Yesterday morning studied and then | wrote a project ‘Veera dopoledine jeem se ul, ale pak jsem pracoval. Yesterday moming | studied but then | worked I 6.5 Znat x vadét x umét 1. Znét (to know, be familiar with) is used with the direct object (in the accusative), e.g. ‘Zném Ceskou republiku. | know the Czech Republic. ‘Znam Bozenu Némcovou. | know Bozena Nemcova. Forthe accusative singular, se page 21, parogroph 33. 2. VEd&t (to know) is used a) with aclause, e.g.; Vim, kde je Ceska republika. | know where the Czech Republics. 6) with a pronoun to (it, that), e.g.: Vim to. | know that. 3. Umit (to know how to, can) is used with skills, abilities and languages, .9.! ‘Umim vatit/plavat/lyzovat... | can (= know how to) cook/swim/ski... Umim gesky/anglicky/némecky/rusky... I can (= know how to) Czech/English/Germar/Russsian...”Ican speak Czech/Englishy/ German/Russsian. Il 6.6 Czech habits, traditions and conventions (Czech history in a Nutshell 5-4" century BC The area was settled by the Celtic tribe called the Boii (kelt: region the land ofthe Boil, n Latin Bolohaemum. 6*-7% century The region was settled by Slavic tribes (slovanské kmeny), the rivers Vistula, Oder and Dnieper. sky kmen Béjové). Because of them the Romans later called this, which came here during their migration from the lands between 37863 Arrival of the Christian missionaries Constantine and Methodius aoe aoe a Ce 929. The frst Czech saint, prince Vaclav (Svaty Vaclav), was murdered by his 1085 Veatisiav . was crowned the first Czech king (prvni esky Kral). 1348 Czech king and Holy Roman Emperor Karel IV (Karel W.) founded a uni northern and eastern Europe. +s burnt in Konstanz. Hus’ death sparked off the outbreak of 1415 Master Jan Hus (dan Hus), the Czech preacher and religious reformer, wa Hussite movernent (husitské hnuti) in Bohemia. 1526 The first Hapsburg, Ferdinand |, was chosen to be the Czech king. 1620 The Battle of White Mountain (Bila Hora), which meant the end of religious free Germanization ure mean 1781 Joseftlended serfdom andissueda charteroftolerance, which fer nero cers brought mare eligi freedom, a, fe es ‘the beginning of the National Revival (nérodni obrozeni), which influenced the development of the moc inthe 19° centu ; a 1918 The origin ofthe Independent Crechostovak Republic (Ceskostovenska republika, Ceskoslovensko) with president T. G. Masaryk at »; head. 1939 The Nazi occupation of Bohemia and Moravia (nacistické okupace Cech a Moravy) 1945 The Prague anti-Nazi uprising (Praiské povstani). The end of the Second World War. The liberation of the country by the Russian an Armerican armies. 1948 The February Communist coup detat known as “Victorious February” (‘vit&zny Gnor”) 1968 The “Prague Spring” ("praéské jaro’), an attempt to create a democratic model of socialism. This process was ended by the occupation ofthe country by the armies ofthe socialist countries, 1989 Demonstrations against communism which ended in the “Velvet Revolution’ (‘sametova revoluce”). 1993 The division of Czechoslovakia and origin of the Czech Republic (Ceska republika), 2004 The Czech Republicjoins the European Union (Evropska nie). versity in Prague karlova univerzita) the oldest university incon .dom and the beginning of the Counter Reformation gn;skladatel, skladatelka slavny spisovatel, spisovatelka stejny stoleti ‘talentovany athlete Czech, Czechs Gzech, Czechs (only females) even the twentieth philosopher financial Finland photographer history toridea horse kilometre painter medal to be born, | will be born, ‘olympic games olympic money enrepreneur fairy tale political story president (sports) record year, in year romantic novel composer famous writer the same century talented to die, Idie scientist towin to create, Ill create golden race whole, all document history classic(al) difficult, heavy hairdresser, barber tochat, | chat project yesterday Iwas at the hairdresser/barber. ~Page 49 diouho tiny (only pl) idedini jako kedyz kolo minuly ovocny penize (pl) uit se, udim se uvafit, uvatim pf Kdy2 jsem byl/a mals... Nikdy jsem neméla ... jako ty. +Page 50 docela hymna ral, krétovna kviz nabozensky pfipravit, pfipravim pf reformator, reformtorka umét, umim lozit, zalozim pf *, diju Mluvim esky. Studuju cestinu. Umim gesky, anglicky, rusky. Neumim plavat. Vig, kde je Praha? Zna3 Prahu? +Page51 baron, baronka bezhlavy bild pani hrad pomoc prapraprababicka praprapradédecek rytit strait, strasim. pi, upirka vitat, vitam Vitam vas na hradé Kapsstejn! along time jeans ideal like, as ‘when (asaconjuction in asentence) bike last fruit (adj) money tolearn, learn t0 cook, Il cook ‘When I was young. Inever had ... as you have. quite anthem king, queen quiz religious to prepare, Ill prepare reformer can, can/to know how to, | know how to to found, Il found tolive, Iive I speak Czech. I study Czech, (know how to) speak Czech, English, Russian... Ican‘t (dont know how to) swim. Do you know where Prague is? Do you know Prague? baron, baroness headless “White Lady’ @ female ghost castle help great great great grandmother great great great grandfather knight to haunt, |haunt vampire towelcome Welcome to Kaprstejn castle!Appendix to lesson 7 Il 7.1 Verbs expressing location + prepositions cn The prepostion v (andi extended form ve}, na and wexpress location Tr Compare the diagrams lustrating the meaning ofthese three Prepos! ater kde? where? wer the ges hic they are used with. smber the vero’ ‘bjt tobe), pracovat (to work), studovat 2it (to live), eekat (to walt). Bi oatne sacs andotites Boone @ ad moni Theprepesion sve The preposition vive! means in and expresses a location inside a place ora closed or limited space.Itis therefore used, for example, with continents states, countries, cities, villages and businesses. Observe: Byla jsem ve Skole. | was at school, Studovall jsme v Anglii, We studied in England, Pracuju v kancelAfi. | work in an office. "The preposton vive isused inthis meaning with he locate. Foran overview of he lcatve singular xe page, paragraph 7.3. The preposition na The preposition na' literally means on in English, but itis widespread in many expressions ' ‘where English uses at. The words using this preposition or actions and activities (koncert, diskotéka, ndkup, mitink, film, fotbal, obéd...). eo ee 2. surface (stil or open-space locations (stanice, nédraii, namésti,letist8, parkovist8..) Eg: Byljsi nékdy na Malt8? Have you ever been to Malta? eo Eg:V lété jsme byli na Slovensku. We were in Slovakia in the summer, This is the list of the most common “na-words”: Paes inc ici airport ‘obéd lunch stani zo skoteka disco ‘mitink meeting acer ice station a parking lot ‘in film Morava Moravia Policie police tenis tennis {fotbal football nadradi railway station okta post office toaleta (zachod) toilet Pesomen nkup shopping Slovensko Slovakia Univerzita university conference conference namésti square ade veteie dinner “The prepelion nausea with eave is eaig Foran onde oT aatve Zastavka stop *ompaetheuseof na words" with te dynam vers itondjt See singular see paged, P2982 paragraphs. paragraph 73, The pr Thepr Sejde Bylis Byl js Bydli Itisre wand (insid = ver mee (whe Thev verbs‘The preposition u The preposition u' is used for being outside a place and with people. Observe: ‘Sejdeme se u divadia. Let's meet at the theatre. eee: By! jsem u doktora/u doktorky, | was at the doctor's. Byl jsem u holite/u holitky. | was at the hairdresser's. Bydlim u kamaréda/u kamarddky. ive at my friend’s place. "Theprepostion wis used in this meaning withthe gente. Foran overview othe genitive singular se page Itisrecommended that you learn these expressions (u doktora, u doktorky etc.) as a model at this stage. Remember that we can‘tuse the prepositions v and na in this sense with people. The ig of these rican of thre rposons i ey once and es the Oy ue wo mca soe {inside the person or on the surface of the person's body). i Ss i 7.2 Static (= stationary) verbs x dynamic verbs Verbs byt (to be), pracovat (to work), studovat (to study), jist® (to eat), nakupovat (to shop), spat (to sleep), tancovat (to dance), seft* se (to meet), Cekat (to wait), bydilet (to live, to reside), Zit* (to live) etc. are stationary. It means that they express location and answer the question kde (where). These verbs are used with prepositions vive, na and u. (See the previous paragraph.) The verbs jt (to go on foot), jet (to go by vehicle}, letét (to fy)... are dynamic. It means that they express direction or motion to somewhere. These verbs are used with prepositions do, na and k/ke. (See also page 32, paragraph 5.6,) Compare ve Skole. | am at school. x JAW do Skoly. | am going to school. sna koncerté. | am at a concert. x J@€ na koncert. | am going to a concert. 1udoktora. | am at the doctors. x Jedi k doktorovi. | am going to the doctor's. i 7.3 The locative singular The prepositions vive and na expressing location are used with the locative. Observe: Jsem ve Skole. | am at school, Jsem na kenferenei.| am ata conference. Its very useful to learn the locative sg, properly because itis very frequent. Another reason — and good news for you —Is that the Jocative singular is very similar to the dative singular which you will learn later. To create the forms of the locative sg. you can use some simplified rales. These rules are not 100% reliable, but can help you a lot. They are called the “Last Consonant Rules: 1. First, you should always start by finding the last consonant in the word that you want to use in the locative sg. €.9. klulf, hospofla, restaurage, ‘kancelat, kiflo, divadlo, le8, park. 2. Afteridentifying it, you follow the rules in the following chart. ‘Simplified rules for the locative sg.: _ “Last consonant” rule Examples Endings Tifthe noun is masculine inanimate or neuter and the | th ~ na trhu (market - at the market, Némecko - v Némecku ww last consonant ish, ch, kt, g or ifitis a borrowed foreign | (Germany - in Germany), hotel - v hotelu (hotel - in ‘the hotel), klub word, then the ending is -r. t =v klubu (club — in the club) J D ithe lax consonent is EEE EAC A, cor Fit | Kancelat—vkanceldt (office inthe office) restaurace-vrestauracl | @ feminine or neuter’ ending in-e), the ending is. (restaurant — in the restaurant), Italie ~ v Halil (italy ~ in Italy), parkovisté - na parkovist (parking lot—in the parking lot) _ c Kostel - v kostele (church ~ in church), Skola - ve Skale (school in | $a? school), kino - v kin@ (cinema ~in the cinema) 3. For other nouns the ending is -e or -€*. BUT; Feminine nouns ending in -ha, -ga, -cha,-ka,-ra are softened like this: —— = Praha - v Praze Prague -in Prague) ae stiecha na stiede (roof - on the roof) : ‘Amerika - v Americe (America = 'n America) hora - na hofe (mountain — on. the mountain) aroitway station. lamat the alway station) of drat. Jem na nba is ‘Leer nouns ending in do not change. Obsere:T0 je sor esample obchodu/obchods, ilphvt ncsetine naninate and nee nouns con end both in -sorin--bin cane 7 Jus Theending is usedafterd,t,n.m,prb,vort,Ii 7-4 Simplified rule for the locative singular Ma Among the simplified rules, which you can see in the table in the previous paragt ending in the locative singular for these nouns is -ovi. Compare: To je kamardd, x Mluvi o kamaradovi. (This is a friend. x He/She’s tal To je kolega, x Mluvi o kolegovi. (This is a colleague. x He/She's talking ab I 7.5 Czech habits, traditions and conventions Speoking about interesting place i usualy good topic fr conversation You might sayor be asked: Byl jste nékdy v Ceském Krumlové? Have you ever been to Cesky Krumlov? Byla jste nékdy v Olomouci? Have you ever been to Olomouc? Bylijste nékdy v Karlovych Varech?! Have you ever been to Karlovy Vary? "Net: Some Cech placenames aren the plural, Karlovy Vary, Marnské Lian Ceské Budéjovce In this case, the endings usualy are ech ich and ich 9. Karoo \Varech v Marinskych kiznich,vCeskjch Budéjoviich, sculine animate. The mos is no rule for the mas 1 Most fry raph, there i king about a friend.) out a colleague) Here are some useful questions concerning weekends and holidays: Kde jste byli o vikendu? Where were you at the weekend? Kde jste byli na dovolené? Where were you on holiday/vacation? Jaky byl vikend? How was the weekend? Jaké byla dovolend? How was your holiday? Jak jste se méli o vikendu? How was the weekend? Jak ste se méli na dovolené? How was your holiday?‘Kdo ukrad! diamanty? Page 57 Belge lesson 7 doctor lub tolie down, | lie down visit to.come, Il come to hear, | hear Where were you yesterday? bar ‘to wait, | wait firm hostel park parking lot pension Spain diamond inspector croupier people, people, folks picture, in the pictures really suspicious police adj. true to ask questions, | ask questions rehabilitation stolen to steal, I'l steal porter for (here used with money) thief Who stole the diamonds? Belgium Bulgaria Denmark Estonia Europe nice(ly) Holland spring, in spring South, in the South summer, in summer Lithuania Lucembursko, Madarsko o8klivo podzirn, na podzim Portugalsko pret, prii Rakousko Rumunsko Recko sever, na severu Slovensko Slovinsko slunetno snézit, snéat Stbsko stupen Svédsko teplo Velka Britdnie vite vychod, na vychodé zapad, na zapadé zatazeno zima zima, vzimé Byl/a jsi nékdy v... Jaké bylo poéasi? Jaké potasi je u vas/u nds? Kde jsi byl/a na dovolené? Page 58 cestovani cestovat, cestuju hora, hory chata lyZovani méda more opalovat se, opaluju se pamatka skandal zajimavy Mluvime o dovolené. Oem mluvite? Page 59 hrozny kosmetika obleceni Luxemburg, Hungary nasty, ugly autumn, in autumn Portuguese to rain, it’s raining Austria Romania Greece North, in the North Slovakia Slovenia sunny to snow, it’s snowing Serbia degree Sweden warm Great id East, in the East West, in the West overcast cold winter, in winter Have you ever been to... How was the weather? What is the weather like in your/our country? Where were you for your holidays? travelling to travel, | travel ‘mountain, mountains summer cottage skiing fashion sea to tan/sunbathe, | tan/sunbathe (historical) place of interest scandal interesting We talk/are talking about holidays. What do you talk/are you talking about? terrible, horrible cosmetics clothesJnformat and formal imperative form pod pojctel cof the verb jit | re all the time, constantly | pondé late | pre away | Fie, tekru pt tosay VSEy | ae, hair | a0 ‘tohere, here (direction) Hurotseo,starimseo+A — tocare about, Icare aboutto take care of | take care of ere ‘Ami late? Patten Come here!Key ‘1F.2H, 3D, 4A, SB, 6C, 7G, 8E Soa Lon je» tara, Polo je 2 tle Kurt Je 2 Némed 2Vietnamu 716 Kali, ekonom; Vietnamu, studentka; Nemecka, St 717 Odkud ji? Co dba’? Aty? Promit. Anoj/CaUt {8/2 -see Audio Topescripts Bia 1. ona 2-10 3-on 4.105.001 6.000 7.07 6.001 11.0ni 12.10 Biazyk pod lupou jsem js jst; alas delate 8/5 1. ty 2.on, ona, to 3. ty 4. my 5.my 6. vy 7. vy 8.0n B/G 1. jsem 2. jsi 3. jste 4. délas 5. neni, je 6. neni, 8. nejsem,jsem 9/1 2A 3D 4C 5B 6F 9iJazyk pod \upou studentka, uditelka, ekonomka, ata, politicka be eae > sportovkyné 3. z Ceské republiky 4. 2 Ruska 5, Gérard Depardieu 6. zpévacka 7. Julia Tymosenko 8. politik 10/1 jedna, dva, ti, étyti, pét, Sest, sedm, osm, devét, deset 1072 ~ see Audio Tapescripts 10/5 1. pani Novakové 2. pan Malét 3. Martin 4.Dana 10/Jazyk pod lupou Martine! pani Novskova! Dano! 14/2 2E, 3H, 4F, 5B, 61, 7A, 8D, 9G 15/2 ~ see Audio Tapescripts 15/3 1.nevim 2.ne 3.ano4.ne 5.nevim 15/4 1. autobus 2. metro 3 viak 4. tramvajS. pesky 15/5 1. autobusem 2. tramvaj 3. pédky 4 vlakem 5, metrem cégkem 6. tramvaji 7. metrem béékem 8. pésky, metrem Sékem, 16/6 1. vpravo 2. doprava 3 vpravo 4, doleva 5. vievo 6. vievo 16/8 2D, 3E, 4B, 5F,6A 16/9 ~ see Audio Tapescripts 16/10 1. nadraii, 2. divadio 3. banka 4. Stary most 5. restaurace 17/1 -see Audio Tapescipts 17/Jazyk pod lupou nerozumim, nerozumis, nerozumi, nerozumime, nerozumite, nerozumi/nerozuméji 17/2 mluvim, mluvis, mluvi, mluvime, mluvite; vim, v8, vi, vime, vite; vidi, vids, vii, vidime, vidite; musim, musi, musi, musime, musite 17/3 1.nevim 2. hledam 3. rozumi& 4. musite 5. mluvié 6. nerozumim 7. hleds 8. vidite 9. musi 10, mluvite 17/4 hledas, bled, ulice, nerozumim, daleko, autobusem, vidié 18/1 jedendct, dvandct,tinact, etmact, patndct, Sestndct, sedmnéct, osmndct, devatendct; dvacet, ticet, dtyiicet, padesét, dedesét, sedmdesat, osmdesat, devadesat r 18/3 ~ see Audio Tapescripts 18/4 ~ see Audio Tapescripts 18/5 ~ see Audio Tapescripts 18/6 Durychova, 117, 140.00, Praha 4, Ceské republika 22/2 1, 2C, 3D, 4A, SH, 6G, 7B, BF 22/3 Polévky: Zesnekové polévka: Hotové jidla: vepfové maso, ‘hranolky; Salaty: zeleninovy salét; Dezerty: Cokolédové. zmralin "Nealkoholické napoje: Cerna kéva, pomeranéovy dius; Alkoholické ‘ndpoje:bilé vino 22/4 - see Audio Tapescripts . pares pod poe 2), gulas, fizek, sala, sj, dort, banén.: kéva, a, Mai Je qudent 98. ona 10. 09 ona, to je 7. nent je herecka, kola, voda... ; pivo, Maso, vin, a, zmrzlina es ms 2.10, dobré a kvalitni 3. ta, dob 23/9 1.13.4 ‘dobry a kvalitni 6. ta, dobra a kvaii kd 5. jaky 6. jake jobrd 2 kvallt walt 5.129, 4 an ne 7 ts 3. jake 4.) Fan -see Audio Tapesrits Baas hNSO TOPO gc a wu kévu, duSenou r¥di, Pravidlo: 3 2aisazyk pod lupo ad isderné ph ved Tadov) dort 2. pomerancov) d2US 3. smaieny Ee Zecnekovou polevkU, 5. Eslidoveu zis aera pote 7 sve pivo 8. cervent vino 9. veprove mass ‘are dvaKrdt, patkrat,tikrat, etyfikrat,jednou S Tapescripts ras napoa neti, nie nette,nedteme, nett repijunepi,nepje8 nepije,nepiieme, nepiete, nepijou/en) 25/3 1.my 2.0, ona, to 3. ty 4. vy 5.j8 6.ty 7. my 8. vy 9.j8 25/5 1. Nejim Cesnekovou polévku. 2. MAE rid smazeny sjr?3.F: repijetemné pivo. 4. Ma8 réd/a bilé nebo éerveneé vino? 5. Mim a0 repetivouvodu. 6.Jime brambory,alenejime knedliky.7.Pijetekiw. nebo éaj? 8. M&S rid/a Cesnekovou nebo bramborovou pols 9. Linda neji vepfové maso. 10. Ivo a Ema majirédi pomerantowy< 26/1 dvést, ti sta, ctyfi sta, pet set, Sest set, edm set, osm set ce set; dvatisice ti tsice, yf tisice, pat tsi, Sest tisic, sed tsi. os tisic, devet tsi, desettsic 26/3.~see Audio Tapescripts 26/4 ti sta, pt set, sto, tis nula, devadesst 30/2 1E 28 3C 4G SF 6A 7D 8H 30/3 1. Angli, John 2, Adam, je ekonom, 50 let 3. Zdena, je ute ke 48 let 4, David, studuje matematiku na univerzité, 22 let 5. Simons 5 let 6. Brok, Micka 7. Iva, je studentka, 20 let 30/4 1. Je i let. 2. Je mu 16 let. 3, Je mu 73 let. 4. Je mu 49 let. 5 131 let. 6.Je 151 let 30/6 - see Audio Tapescripts 31/Jazyk pod lupou mij, moje, nas, nase a2 mAl2mO) moja mths Moje 6. mij 7. moje 8. moje ° . moje 12. maj 13. moje 14. mi Gj 16. moje 17. moje 18. mij 19, moje 20. moj eens 313 1-tv6) 2. voje3. tvoje 4. taj 5. twa 31/4 1. vate 2. v8 3. vase 4. vé3 5, vate 31/5 1. tvay/vas, may mij 5. tvoje/vase, m va8e, moje a 1 J8i2jlich 3. jeho 4. jejich 5. ej 8 moje, syn, moje/nage, Zuzana, tatir Sj 32/3 zdraw,o3kly, moder nee ate, moje, Jarmila tlegantnt vey # Stary, maly, nemocny, hezky, sas 32/5 1. jak 2. jake 3, jaky 33/1~ See Audio Tapescripts etyfi sta, sedmnact, osmdesst, jedi 2. tvoje/vase, moje 3. tvaij/vas, mij 4. vio ole 6. tvojeMvase, moje 7. tvij/vas, mij 8.10% nepracu 33/2 3 studujo jmenvje 33/5-A divat se miuvirr pracuje studuje 33/61 zumite rada 34/2- 34/31 34/Jaz konzor 34/41 4.gem 8. star 38/2- 38/37 38/4- 39/7- 39/Ja desat 39/8 | bfezn 39/10 listop dubn: Gnor 40/2 40/3 40/4. 40/5 40/6 musé 40/7 to 10. aus 8. mo aut 42/2 as rad/a radva 427 429 3. Nik nehre Nikdy TNou, syr gu, tou, Petr ad/a avu, ku? W2us, evét osm dna, elka, ona, 5.Je md) noje jas, joje/ stny. nepracujeme, nepracujete, nepracujou/nepracujt 33/2 studuju/studuji, studujes, studuje, studujeme, stud Gudujoulstudult Jmenuju serimenyj se, jmenujed se, jmenuje se jmenujeme se, jmenujete se, jmenujou se/jmenujise ibaa ke 33/5 -A:d8t i, dm si; mit rid, mam rad; hledat, hledim; mit, mam dats Ea skein seta sist, im; veda, vim; vide, vidi; mluvie, mluvim; rozumgt, rozumim. -E*: pit, piju; ist, étu. - i: , menuju se; studovat. studuju 33/6 1.pracuje 2. hleds 3. se divaji 4. délate, jst 5. se jmenuje 6. ro- zumite, mluvite 7. nevim 8. nepije 9. éteé 10. vidis 11. mdm 12. nema rada 34/2 ~ see Audio Tapescripts 34/3 1.ano2.ne 3.ano4.ano 34/Jazyk pod lupou mladstho bratra, Prvidlo:-j > -tho, -i> tho, konzonant +a: Zemou kocku, starSi sestru, Pravidlo:-é > -ou,-a>-u 34/4 1. maleho bratra 2. sympatického kamarada 3, starého dédecka 4.€erného psa 5.hodného tatinka, 6, mladou maminku 7. bilou kotku 8, starou babieku 9. hezkou sestru 10, malou deru 38/2 —see Audio Tapescripts 38/3 20 3€ 4C 5B 6F 38/4 - see Audio Tapescripts 3917 ~see Audio Topescrpts 39/Jazyk pod lupou patého, Sestého, sedmého, osmého, devatého, desatého, jedenactého: 39/8 led - ledna, dub ~ dubna, list - listopadu, srp ~ srpna, biiza — biezna, €ervend - Zervna, Zervence, kvétina - kvétna 39/10 osmého ledna, tiicdtého zafi, sedmého ¢ervna, Sestého listopadu, desstého kvétna, osmého éervence, patého biezna,tfetiho ddubna, dvacétého prvntho srpna, prvniho prosince, jedendctého nora, devatého fijna 40/2 ~see Audio Tapescripts 40/3 - see Audio Tapescripts 40/4 ano, ne, ne, ne 40/5 1.nechces 2. nemam, musim 3. kdy 4. hodi, hod 40/6 chceé, chce, chceme, chcete; miizes, mize, muzeme, mizete; ‘musi, musi, musime, musite 40/7 1. vy 2.j63.ty 4. my 5. my 6.on, ona, to, oni 7.ty 8. my 9.0n, ona, t0 10.0n, ona, to 11, vy 12.ty 13.j6 14.0n1 15. vy 16.0ni 41/8 1, musim 2, chceS 3, miizeme 4, chtéjf5. mizu 6. mizeme 7. chet 8. miide3 9. musite 10. chceme 11. miZou 12. musis 41/11 2£, 31, 4A, SC, 6K, 7B, 8G, 9D, 10H, 111, Ww 42/2 Vaclay, Olga, Vaclav a Olga, Olga, Viclav a Olga, Olga, Vaclav, Olga 42/5 1. mam rad/a 2. réd/a 3. mam rad/a 4. rad/a 5. rad/a 6. mam réd/a 7, réd/a 8. mam rad/a 9. mam rad/a 10. rad/a 11. rad/a 12. mam radia 42/7 - see Audio Tapescripts 42/9 1. Nikdy netancuju na diskotéce. 2. Nikdy nepracujuna potitad 3. Nikdy nenakupuju v supermarketu. 4. Nikdy nectu knily. 5. Nikdy, nehraju fotbal. 6. Nikdy nerozumim Cesky. 7. Nikdy nehraju tenis. 8. ‘Nikdy nepiju alkohol. 9. Nikdy nejim maso. 10. Nikdy neuklizim byt. 11. Nikdy nehraju hoke}. 12. Nikdy nepisu domaci Gkoly. 46/2 1b, 2c, 3b, 45a, 6¢ 46/4 1. T. G. Masaryk, 2. Botena Némcové 3. Emil Zétopek 3 Dana Zétopkovs 4. Bokena Némcovd 5. T. G. Masaryk 6. Emil Zétopek 10. Emil Zatopek a Dana Zétopkova os nes eitees eens ee nae ~ spisovatelka, malit- malifka 47 HMazyk pod lupu narodil se, narodla se, narodilo se, narod se; psal, psala, psalo,psalistudoval,studovala,studovalo,studovali- util, Uudila,uélo, ull vy, vyhrdla, vyhrio, vybral 47/7 1. nakupoval 2. poslouchal 3. tancovala 4, hrila 5. lyfoval 6, studovala 7. vail 8, uklizel 9, vstaval 10, cestoval 47/8 1.byla 2. psala 3. spa 4 pil 5, mal 6 etl 7, eda 8. la 9. nemohl 10, nechtéla 47/9 1. byla, méla réda, poslouchala 2. byl, mal 14d, hd, lyeoval 3. byl, musel, Sel, nejelo, telefonoval, pil, nemél 4. nebyla, neil mobi, vstavala, bra, jela, nakupovala sla {47/0 1. Kamaréd Sel do préce. 2. Sestrajela autem, 3. Bratrnejedl knedliky. 4. Kamaradka jela na vlet. 5. amarddi i do galerie. 6. Syn jedl zeleninovy salét. 7. Mandelka sla do 3koly 8. Manel nejall aso 9, Rodice jeli do divadia, 47/121. nakupoval, vail 2. vata, jedla, pila 3. Get, miuvili, psali 4.hral 5 byl jel 6. chtéa, la 48/2 1. Martin 2, Martin 3. rena 4, lena {48/4 by/ si, byl sem, sem spal,jsem pracoval jsem se uli jsem psa jsi lal, uklize!jser,jsem val jsi dale, nedalajsem, spa jsem, jsem byla 48/Jazyk pod lupou nebyl/nebyla js; nebyl, nebyla, nebylo; nebyl jsmejnebyli ste: nebyl {48/6 1. Nebyljsem ve 8kole. 2. Nepiljsme kévu. 3 Petr nebyl doma 4, Nehrdla Jsem tenis. 5. Nem jste éas? 6. Nepracovala jsem ro potitadi.7.£va se neucila, 8. Nechtlijsme tancovat. 9. Nespaljsem 10 hodin. 10. an ava nebyli ve Skole. 11. Nepil sme éa}-12. Nejedla jem polévku. 13, Nestudova si Zstinu? 14, Negtl sme detehtivk 45, Nepsalijsme test. 16. Robert nehval tenis. 48/7 1.ty 2.0n 3.j84. vy 5.onl 6. my 7. na 8: oni tare 1. Studoval jsem. 2. Vail jsi Kivu? 3. Co délala maminka? «+ Pracoval sme na potitadk 5 Ben spal. 6. Poslouchalljsme hudbu. 7 Kamaradi nebyll doma, 8. Dival/ajser se na televia ‘49/9 1, Rano jsem vstéval v 7 hodin. 2, Dopoledne jsem studoval 3. V poledne jsem jedi v restauracl. 4. Odpoledne jsem pracoval ma potitad. 5, Veger jsem nemél 22s. 6. Vera jsme psall test + Veobotu vezer jsem hral volejbal- 8. V nocijsem spal famio 1. Pracovala jsem na potitadl. 2. Veera jsem pracovala Jr jsme dus 4. Co jst va/a? 5. Hra/tjste tenis? 6. V nach jsem nemohl/a spat. 7. Nechtaljsme uklizt 8. Cetl/a jsi ten novy romén. 49/12 - see Audio Tapescripts 50/1 1a, 2¢, 3b, 4b, 5c, 6¢ 50/2 1,umim 2. im 3.zném 4, vim 5. umim 6, vi '50/3 1. Znd§ Ceskou republiku? 2. Znés Londyn? 3. VB, kdo byl 7. G. 51phavat? uasaryk? 4. Vi ky J pit toc? § uma dobre: anglicky? rusky? Urnis matovat? 2nd nejako eae Vis, kee Je Cesky Krumlov tancovat? Vit, kd je ted Cesky pret pleat? Um ipanétiky? is ytovet? UAW ag nis vari rndjakou Ceskou sportoviyni? UIE VRE anal Znsk najahy Gesky film? 2nd ndjakého $472 |. NE 2.ANO 3. ANO 4 ANO 5. NE Selb ee Audi Tapert SAiJaxyk pod hupou ve ‘hole, » 7 wna obade, na nbvitévé, na diskotece u Kamar sala t.v2.vi.vaves.ve6¥ . rand sas t.v2.viudne vizne thls sc. 7, Carers DUDS" S561. v2.v3.vAvS.U6 nahudyl mpivih. ale je here spevetha sha 19. 20.v21.¥e2 ane Kya rend sportertieyr. ate F* *P hotela, Muby ~ koncovtet ve thole, v obchodt enae |. Karel Gott nerd x es va. Je 1 Cosh repbiihy my 4 Larese Bikers SS/Jazyk pod lupou y wupermarket etdh - honcovke su vrestaurack v prick v han ving - koncovka -0/-# Ay bt 5. ¥ Deru Boe a teats 3.» epemet sp Late Blot oe wryo ne ek YO. bode re iprenenenrformarreiemn yt Al viet t - 1 Ranady be 2 Pottha We ue 17 v tomate 18 Goi 19. hence 20. ihance ¥ pmece 22 vice 23 v Cost repuce 4 Pate sein temps ton at een 671} tara 3. rerocrce 3. oc panne honrend 6 thou Guhetce 7. vate, Quer smbaside 8 poficie 9. metro 8 supermarketu naviteve 6710 AO DE AES Ae “ Save 1 Oya pam vetouras 2. oe by ve cle ra ch 3. By AND jume o vikendu v ital 4 Lucke pracowala © kancela 5 Bylle jt G/B 1 Ranke 2 Otwadiio 3} Kavarne 4 Me Vibence?6 Byline uhenéce? Bob bytvnemocricudeltorn. Kawlene &. samvha/stanice 8. Seth june se v dovadie OB Frown win mevite bode feos | 5775 VPorupethu evs e Spends hasty tunatne Vefiendl mebemdtiamepeh eet pte = | jehasiy. shnetno staple. V Aglaia etna Viejo V Némech pr V Pla pri We Ss nl sietapn V Madordusj ove satane S877 see Aud Tapes 4721 - see page 53 Nee pe tithe Waite pt ron a can 5 ema. V Mat etd tame? Aen vic, Stic je taser sto bute fee newer 4077) these jt revere B70 1H. 2F, 30. AE. $6, 64 78 Ac 2. Mite ft dotevs SBI see Audio Tapescrppt Mewo je bile. 5. Metro je cated : $811 see Audio Tapescripn $0 20. 9G, 0, 516A, 70. a, ons S8/12 |. shandsly 2 polmice 3 histor 4 fotbahu-e'S mob. im Cestovéns 8. jie 2 pit 9. hamarkdow 10. prenidentont . $272 |. kdo 2. co 3.co4 ko 5. do 6 co (62/6 dobre rime, dobry den, dobry vet. date 6377 Dobry dent 4a jrem Packo Monti. Dabr Sandon. Tesi ma. Tei mt. Ochud jte? sem ¢ kane em Z1Méhe. Co dététe? sem shonom. Avy? hem uttuke me ut musi jt. Tah 1a shledanov! Na shiedanous ‘Abvol 38 er Kas. Cand 38 jreen Ma. Oc hem wu J Ay? neem 2 Nemecka — we Metha Aha Promidne GBR Ve formties swat Odhaad Na Medan Co tite? Teint Ay? MM V enetonrmtind stack Nol Octaad js) NLM 00 7 Co ditt? Cont A tyje plavat? Masaryk? 4. Vi kdy je pit lekce? 5. Umi dOBFE PI anaticky? ; 50/4 Umi francouzsky? Vi, kdo byl prvi 2 Umis malovat? Zndé néjakou Ceskou Sy Ide je Cesky Krumlov? Znaé nat cst nemecky? Umis tancovat? Vi, kdo je ted esky prezident’ 1s prahu? Znas splat? Umi pay? Umi yzovat? UAT aren? ndjakou éeskou sportovkyi? Umi vat? Vs Mr Znaé néjaky Cesky film? Znd8 néjakého ceského Ps 54/2 1. NE2.ANO 3. NO 4. ANO 5. NE $5473 -see Audio Tapescipts Sé/Jazyk pod lupou ve Skole, v res na obédé, na névstévé, na diskotéce; U 54/4 1.v2.v3.v4.ve5.ve6.v SA/5 1. 2.v3.u4.na5.v6.U7.na8.V9.V v3.v4.v5.u6.na7.na8.u9.V1 S5/Jazyk pod lupou v supermarkeu,v hotely v Kubu - Koncovte “uv restaurac.vpréci,v kancelafi~ koncovka “ve 3kole, vobchodé, vvkiné ~ koncovka -e/-& 55/8 1. v parku 2. v hotelu 3. v supermarketu 4. v Klubu 5. v baru 6.v hostelu 7. v restauraci 8. v nemocnici 9. na lekci 10. na konfereci 11.1 letit 12. vkancelafi 13 ve Skole 14. vhospodé 15.na vystavé 16.v kiné 17. v kostele 18. v divadle 19. v bance 20. na diskotéce 21.v Americe 22. ece 23. v Ceské republice 24 v Praze 55/9 1. hotelu, hstelu 2. Skole, lek, 3. bance, parkovisti 4. Americe, Praze 5. préci, Konferenci 6. klubu, diskotéce 7. wystavé, gal 8. supermarketu, navstevé 55/10 1. Byl/a jsem v restauraci 2. Eva byla ve skole na lekci 3. Bylt jsme o vikendu v Iti. 4 Lucie pracovala v kancelati 5. ByV/a vbance? 6. Byl/a/ijstena dskotéce? 7. Bob byl vnemocnici udoktora- 8. Seilijsme sev dvadle 57/5 V Portugalskuje vit. Ve Spanélsku je hezkya sluneéno. Ve ranci je hezky,sluneéno a teplo.V Angli je hezky a slunetino, VIrskuje vi W Némecku prt VPosku pri. Ve Svédsku snl a je zima.V Ii 2 je teplo.V Madarsku je ofklivo azatazeno, 58/7 —see Audio Tapescrpts | 58/8 1H,2F 3D, 4E, 5G,6A, 78, 8c 58/10 ~see Audio Tapescrpts 58/11 ~see Audio Tapescripts 58/12 1, skandélu2. poltice 3 histori 4 fotbalu/. i saa oh tt 62/2 1. kdo 2.0 3.c04.kdo 5. kdo 6.0 . 62/6 dobré rano, dobry den, dobry vecer, 63/7 Dobry den! 48 jsem Paclo Mont, Debey no ye Brandon. Tesi m8. Tei mé, Odkua jste?Jsem ¢ Kany oem Lot | __zItélie.Co déléte?Jsem ekonom.Avy?Jsem uételie wre 2 sem uz musim jt. Takna shledanou! Na shledanoyt \P#-Prominte, Ahoj! Ja jsem Kurt. Cau! Ja jsem Mai, rauraci, v Klubu; na angiitiné, kamaradky, u doktora to.vi1.ui2¥ o.u11.v12.na 13.014. Odkud jsi, Mai? Jsem, 2Vietnamu, Aty? Jsemz Némecka, (Co délas? Jsem student. A ty? Jsem musim jit. Tak ahoj! Cau! “dena. Ahan. Promis, up 6318 Ve form’ stuact Odkud iste? Prom ‘Na shledanou, Co délte? T65 mé. Avy? * aklen te Vaeformdini situaci: Aho}! Odkud isi? Co datas a5? 63/9 2A, 3C,4E 5G, 6D, 7F, 88 fate yy 7. wy 8. vy 9.00 9 5.t06.my7-¥Y &.¥7 9 1 3. apy nejsi, neni, “lg si ; ears oe Eine: tite: ned neds, ba - 7 7.vy 8.0n, 0 eee ‘ty 5-ty6.my7.¥Y8.0N, ona mega M2 SONNY gy 5, deste 6. deléme7 4 earn 17 3. dalam 4d gasi5 1.j5i 2323 coesriet gia 10.d2lete 17-15% ye ucitel. 3. Jsme ztalie. 4 Js m stud enady? 7.Co dle? 8. Co dels Sa +D+E,5A i ala, heretka 4.ekonom 5.politik6, zp 65/17 1G, iy 65/18 1.stu! fesorka i SOS vl neni sportovec, ale je prezident, 2 65/19 1 ‘a, ale (byt) politi¢ke. 3. Ka hereck: eee piv 4, Zanna Bitevskaja neni poli sport di neni herec, ale je politik. 6. Br zat 5 eT cerrd Depardieu nes polit ia neni sportovkyné, ale je a .... 65/20 1.Karel Gott neni z Ruska. Je z Ceské republiky. 2. Vac neni z Irska. Je z Ceské republiky. 3. Julia Tymosenko neni z Po); Je z Ukrajiny. 4. Zanna Bicevskaja neni z Kanady. Je z Ruska. 5 Walesa neniz Ukrajiny. Jez Polska. 6. Gérard Depardieu nenizkan Je 2 Francie. 7. Enya neni z Némecka. Je z Irska. 8. Lech V zKanady. Jez Polska. 66/21 - seepage 53 67/2 1. banka 2, nemocnice 3. divadlo 4. kino 5. kavarna 6.p ambaséda 8, policie 9. metro 10. informace 11. restaurace 12, 4c 67/4 1. ANO 2. NE 3. NE 4. NE 5. ANO 6. NE 7. NE 8. ANO 9. ANO. ANO- 67/5 1. Banka 2. Divadlo 3. Kavarna 4. Restaurace 5. Kino 6 $) Kavarna 8, zastavka/stanice 68/6 Prosim vas, nevite, kde je Hotel Hilton? No, musite jet tis metrem d¢kem a pakasi pét minut pésky. Ale kde je metro?! ie ae Bete Fovné a pak doprava. Vidite ten bily dim ve ? Ano, vidim. i a evitek ee te Je tam vpravo dole. Dékuju. A nevite ieee rome 2. Muste jt doleva, 3. Musite jt . 5. Metro je daleko, 68/8 2D, 36, 48, 51, 6A, 7C, 8F, oH 68/91, i Jet2,jet3.jet 4 jet 5. jot 6, jit 7 jet 8. jet de je kino? 2. Je daleko? Vidite ten a5, Nevite, kolik stoji istek? - sad em, ma, mame, mate; délam, délas, ¢° ae eda, hledame, hledéte, hledaji; 02." Wédlvidim, vidi vie vgn zu /rozumaji; vs, vi vim. ve on idime, vidite; miuvi nl Mluvim, mluvis, mluvi,™ 70/131. my > j Tamyra eae, on, 7041 mt one 15. dam vedle banky? 9? 3. Pro: 7ON2 jsem, jsi, sim delame, délate; rozumis, rozum\ 9:19 6.157. 8 8. vy 9, vy 10.6 11.) Fd Lemluvim2. vim 3, eoson © 16. my . me %89.rozum 1a ame creel Neen a Wy blizko? 3. Co dalas? 4. Jse anlickye 7. Hleda8 divadilo? 8. J36) oreansttele meta. 10.Vis, kde je Skola? 11. Neror™ Skola, 2Wyiste aie Musite 5, mluvime 6.102" 3.Ty jsi student? 4. vidiKADERNICTVI Ams’ KE PANSKE x 1: 728 577 672, 0 a ee HOTEL*** ALBATROS Poo Ll) eed www.lipno-albatros.cz athena-fit.c Po - Pa: 6:30 -.23:00 So: 10:00 - 23:00 _ Ne: 11:00 - 22:00 : icki44,P.7 afc a. | __ eee MuDr. Pavia SULLOVA prakticka lékatka tel.: 233 371 967 www.sullova.cZ j Pe eee a ae b27. co délste? ‘5. Mluvite/razumite Cesky? 6. Mluvi/rozumi anglichy ‘Mtovite/rozumitecesky? 6 Miaisranumié angchy? 7 Con ‘steel Vinvnevin, klk soe. 9. Verne 10.Jaky maf telefon? 11 Vite ents? 12. Must Jakes ma? 14. Jak se mae? 15. Jee rove! 16.Co hed nebo nica? 71/17 Proxim Brno. Zpsteen? Ano, zpétetn Kolkto sto? 160 kore. Prosim vas, mate listky? Ano, mame. Kolk stoi listek? 120 korun. 777 Listek na vok sto 174 run. sek do kia sto! 129 Koran steko trarmaj to 26korun,Listek do civadl sto 120 KOrUr 7U/M8 178 12 26 KE, 129, 190KE 72/1 lidlo:tizek, maso, salit, brambory rte, polévka: pit: pivo, ‘ods, hla. vino 7212 zmralina, vino, voda, a) r¥e, hranolky, kola, brambory, knedliky 7213 Cesnekova polévka stoji 29 korun. Zmrziina stoji 46 korun. Dort sto 58korun, Hranolky st 18 koran. Voda sto 17 korun. Cl sto 19korun. Cemé kéva tj 28 korun. Pwo stoj 30 korun 73141 smatony irk 2 pecentkute 3. palin 4.5 Cokolidow) dort. éesnekovs polvka 7, pomerancow) dus us 7315 del iste Restaurace Polévkey esnekové polévka = ‘bramborova polévka 2, gulasova polévka _ Hotovd jiata: ‘madorsky gulés2 houskové knedliky vepiové maso 2 dutend rjze ise ‘noveximaso, dusend zelenina a vatené brambory 79, smazeny izek a bramborovy salét a, petené kufe a vafené brambory 85- ‘smaieny sit, smazené hranolky, tataské omaha _ Satéty: zeleninovy salt 20, Sopsky sala 35, rajatovy salét ok 6. Sak 7.J0ks 8. Joke Ma wpe dabeé a kvaltnd 2. Ta duse Heme pivo Je mo< dobre hone Hobe aval 5.Ta atrsks omar * ea, dob a kvaltnt 8.Ta xn anio2. 1k) 3.20K8 510 Jari 1. To pecene kute noc dobré a kvalitet 3: Fp madarsky qulds Je MOC moc dbréa kvan 6.Ten® eva je MOC 7.1a bramborova PO! i Javelina jernocdobrsakvaltn! Janis 1. ten 2.ta 3.12 4.ten ten 12.10 ara 1. dobry stu ‘Tastudentkaje dob 6.t07.ten 8. ten 9. ten 10,15 ident ~Ten student je dobry. 2. obra stu rh a.dobrd utitelka Ta udtelka jedobrs. 4 jn, Fasefan tej dobry-5-dobr8 34018 Ta holaje dobre, 6a, waite To dvadlo je dobré.7.d0br/ telefon ~Ten telefon je asp obchod Ten obchod je dobry. 9. dobry hotel Ten apy. 10.dobrékinoTokinojedobré. 11.dobry supermarer.., SMoemarke je dob). 12. dobrs kava ~Takavirno je dobra 75115 2A 3G 4H SD 6E 7C 8F Fixe CBnikcProsim,co si dte k pti? Date si pivo? Kare: Ne, np, five. Dim si neperivou vodu. Mam ze CBM: A C0 i ya Ukrokodyla Deserty; Zokolidovs zmrcina %, varios zmraina %, eokolédovy dort palacinky skaramelem, ovoce 50, banan s éokoladou | Napoje: dems kéva 2, eemy ga) zelenyé) | Pomerencovy dus ee | koa e Perlivé voda ‘neperliva voda_ 15, svétlé pivo. 20, eetné pivo a ervené vino, 2 del é bile vino, 2dal P 74/6 hranolky; Cerny; rye; omatka 7A(7 1.ten 2.ta3.ten 4.105.ten6.ten7,t08,t99.ta : 10, 12.ten 13.t0 14.14 15.ta 16.t0 sen Line +1. Smazeny sjr je/nenl dobry. 2. Veprove ma : rj je/neni dobré. 4. Vanilkovs. ere epee ie _ Zeleny éaj e/neni dobry. 6.Petené kute je/neni dobré. 7 Peri ved {dob 8. DuSené zelenina je/nen dobr 9. Gulatova pole 10. Banan s éokoldou je/neni dobry. 51 6D 7B 8) 9E 10H ‘Mam hlad. Dam Ano, to He vechno, Zaplatim. Clik: 92 korun. Karel: 100, dk. 75/9, : olévku 10. eleny éaj 76220 dim s, das 5, ae Pizza, zmrzlina, kavu, kava ate si; mAs réd/rada, md rdd/rada. sthamburger a hranolky. Ciinik-To je vsechno? 42 2 tHikrat 3. jednou 4, petkrat 5. étyfkrat 6 3st" ell, mafic ji. i, jime, je pijeme, pilou Fe2t 1. ée5 2 pie 3 pljeme pije8 10. tere 11.€tu 12. pijou 76122 1.Nepiju pomeranéov tad S0psky salSt? 4, Co si dite Pett éte jideln listek. 7. Prog ne ‘omdekus 9. 085 si kivu nebo éa 76123 2. Jakj je ten 5§2?3.Vyn a8 rid salat? 6. Co je to? 7.0 ta polévka? 9. Zaplatite avast 76124 1.Co 2. Jaky 3.Kolik 4. 76125 jsem, jij, jsme, jt, dels mam, mas, m3, mime, rozumime, rozumite hnledéme, hledste, hledajt vin vidi, vidime, vidite, vidi; ml ‘luv musim, musi, musi, m 7711 1. sestra2. tatinek 3. pes 772 Je 54 let. Je mu 73 lt. 7A let. Je mu 56 let. Je 1 10k 713 2. pte 3. babicka 4. 9. kamaradka 10. kolega 7714 1. rnbj, student 2. moje 7H151.2.2.M3.2.4.M5.2! 14.215.M16.M 7716 mii, moje; Wo}e, Wo}e 78/7 Imenuju se Tobias St mi 29 let. Maj tatinek se maminka se jmenuje Gud Jmenuje Klaus. Je student. Je cern a bila 78/8 1. Jak se jmenujes? 2 sestra? 4. Co dala tvdj syn vate sestra? 7. Kolik mu je? 78/9 Obrazek 8:ch, maj rd: jim, J, jime, jte; eu, etek, éteme, crete; piled, pie nto 2-pe 2. pee 4. 1 1. ete 2. pile 3. pljerne 4, etete 5. pju 6. éte 7. pijete 8. tou Pei. mee 96/22 1. Nepilu pomerantovy dus. 2. Dame si perlivou vodu. 3. M8 ad S0psky Salét? 4. Co si date k jidlu? 5. Hana nemé rida kavu. 6 patr te jidelnilistek. 7, Prot nejite veptoveé maso? 8, Nejim tatarskou pmatku. 9. D88 si Kavu nebo aj? 36123 2.Jaky Je ten Sir? 3. Vy nejite maso? 4. To je hovézi maso? 5.Ty fast rid salt? 6. Co je to? 7. Date sigokolédovou zmralinu? & Jaka je tapolévka? 9, Zaplatite zviast nebo dohromady? 76/24 1.02. Jaky 3.Kolik 4. Jak 5. Kde 6, Jaké 7.Jaké 8, Ko 76/25 jsem. js, je, isme,jste jsou; delim, dalas, dela, déléme, délate délaji: mdm, ma3, ma, mime, mate, maji;rozumim, rozumis, rozum\, fozumime, rozumite, rozumi/rozuméji hledai, leds, hledme, hledste, hledaji: vim, vis, vi, vime, vite vi/védi;vidim, vids, vidi vidime, vidite, vidi; mluvim, mluvis, mluvi, mluvime, mluvite, nluvi; musim, musi, musi, musime, musite, musi/museji 77M A.sestra 2.tatinek 3. pes 4. kamaradka 5. maminka 6. ko&ka 7. bratr 77/2 Jeji 54 let. Je mu 73 let. Je 16 let. Je mu S let. Je mu 29 let. Je ji 74let. Je mu 56 let. Je ji 1 rok. Jsou mu 3 roky 77/3 2 piel 3. babicka 4. mantel 5. tatinek 6. sestra 7. kocka 8. vnuk 9. kamarédka 10. kolega 7714 1. mij, student 2. moje 3. menuje se, Je mu 4 sestra, let 79151.2.2.M3.2.4.M5.26.27.M8.29.210.M11.M12.213.M 14.215.M16.M 7716 mis, moje; tvoje, tvoje: N83, nage; vase, vase 78/7 Imenuj se Tobias Stolz. Jsem z Némecka. Jsem manager. Je mi 29 let. Maj tatinek se jmenuje Urs. Je utitel. Je mu 60 let. Moje maminka se jmenuje Gudrun. Je utitelka. Je ji 55 let. MOj bratr se jmenuje Klaus. Je student. Je mu 19 let. Nase kotka se jmenuje Mitzi, Jeterné a bls 78/8 1. Jak se jmenujes? 2. Jak se jmenuje vas syn? 3. Co délé tvoje sestra? 4. Co déla tvij syn? 5. Kde pracuje tvuj bratr? 6. Co studuje vate sestra? 7. Kolik mu je? 8. Kolikjije? 78/9 Obrizek 8 hledam, Veronika Mala 79110 stary - novy, dobry ~ Spatny, mlady ~stary, hodny zdravy, maly ~ velky, hezky 79/11 hodny, zly; tlusty, hubeny; nemocny, zdravy; hezky, oBklivy Ay, Sastry = smutny, nemoeny otklivy stary, novy; Stastny, smutny) mlady, stary; maly, velky 79112 2. Maj syn je nemocny. 3. Nase deera je moc Stastna. 4.To pivo neni Spatné. 5. Moje deera je Jesté mala. 6. Na& pes je thusty. 7. Ten telefon je novy. 8, Tvdj brate je hubeny. 9. Vis byt Je velkj! 10. Moje kolegyné je mlada. 11, Ta ko¢ka neni 2ia. 12. Vase sestra je zdrava, 13, Nate babicka je smutnd, 14. To vepfové maso je dobré. 15. Ten telefon je kvalitni a hezky. 16. Nage skola je velka, 80/15 sportujul-i, sportuje, sportujeme, sportujou: plinuju/, planujes, plinuje, plinujeme, planujete; telefonuju/-, telefonujes, telefonujeme, telefonujete, telefonujou/-i; organizuje’ organizuje sportujete, organizujeme, organizujete, organizujou/-i; jmenuju/ se, jmenuje3 se, jmenuje se, jmenujeme se, jmenujou/-ise 80/16 1. Moje sestra se jmenuje Lucie. 2. Jak se jmenujes? 3. Date si kivu nebo éaj? 4, Dam si kavu. 5. Jak se jmenuje tvbj pes? 6. Cosi date? - Smateny fizek a brambory. 7. Maj bratr se jmenuje Robert. 8. Nemame 2izen, dame si jenom jidlo. 9. To je tvoje kotka? Jak se jmenuje? 10. Nemam hlad, nedém si polévku 80/17 jmenovat se, védet, bydlet, jt, bt, jet 80/18 1.b 2.23.b4.b5.a6.c7.b8.b9.a10.b 80/19 ty = neformdini singular: Kolik ti je? Jak se jmenujes? Co hledas? (Odkud je tvoje mandelka? Jak se ma8? Ty studujed éestinu? Mas zizen? v= formdini singular/plurdl: Co délate? Odkud jste? Kde bydlite? Kde pracujete? Jaky mate telefon? Vy pracujete jako manazer? Kolik vm je? Jak se jmenujete? Jak se jmenuje vase kolegyné? Mate hlad? Co sidate? 81/20 3. babika 4, babitku 5. dédeéek 6. dédecka 7. kotka 8. kocku 9. pes 10. psa 11. maminka 12. maminku 13. kamaréd 14. kamaréda 15, sestra 16. sestru 17, kamaradka 18. kamaradku 81/21 1. Mim rad dédecka. 2. Hledim psa. 3. Moj bratr je uditel 4, Hledate tatinka? 5. Jake jmenuje tvij syn? 6. Kamarddka ma malou dceru. 7. Nej éokoladovou zmrzlinu? 8. Nemam réd Cesnekovou polévku. 9. To je maj bratr. 10. To neni moje maminka. 11. Kamarad mé velkého syna. 12. Kde pracuje tvoje sestra? 13. Nepiju ¢emé pivo, 14, DaS si smazeny syr? Jaroslava Malé 59 let deera Tomas Maly 60 let Alice Cernama, stars {81/22 Erika: Mi, titel, Fotograf, student, Zenaty, malého 5 deeru mandala profesorta svobodr pen HORRY ay Andra ekonom,denay, sym, ce, MO, moj, 20K, \7sokd, thst, moje, manazerka stato bate, lads est 81/23 1. Jak se jmenujetemenujes? 2. Koik vant Je? 3. Js Seu 4. fe dere SWI 6. Kolik ji je? 7. Mate/mas d&ti? 8, Kolik mu je? 9. Jaky je! bydlisv Praze? 11. Mate/mas psa? 1940. 1 remota 2 angie 2A me 4.Hokeifeve 21.05. 5.Operajeve 2010.6. Diadela ra eve 2000, Sale Vt fe 2000) a vad a. 8 ae UE ‘opera. V9 hodin a 5 minut (v 9.05) je hokej. V 10:35 (ve rimiseril.V 11.45 (ve 23.45) je esky’ eae Jopoledne, v poledne, odpoledne, veter, vnoci £24 2.0 my 3 vesdeds we erat SV pk 6 ¥ SO 7.vnedali 2215 1 sino 2.v onde! 3. ve stiedu 4. ve étvrtek 5. dopoledne 6.veter 7. v noci 8. vnedeli 9. odpoledne 8216 1. ve2.v3.v4.ve5.v6,ve7.V8.V9.v 82/7 V tery odpolene je prezentace. Ve stfedu dopoledne je taky imitink. Ve stiedu odpoledne je konzultace, Ve éturtek réno je tenis. Ve eturtek veéer je koncert. V patek réno je lekce gestiny. V patek veter je party 82/8 patého kvétna, sedmého listopadu, éestého srpna, étvrtého Fina, prvniho biezna, osmého prosince, devatendctého dubna, dvanactého éervence 83/9 1. koncert 2.13.8, 3.2044, 28.3 5.0d 12. do 14.66.173 588/10NechceSjtna squash? Akdy? Dneska v6 veter.DneskanemZu, rnemém as. Mizu tra depoledne. Ztra dopoledne nemiu, musim ftdo skoly. Mize ztra odpoledne? Ano, miu, Seideme sera ve 3 Hodi se tito? Ano, hodi. TéSim se! 54/11 1. musim2. mize 3, musite 4. nechel 5. nemizu 6, nemizeme 7. miizou 8. chcete 9. nechce 10, musié 54/12 sou, nechces, na, do, se seideme, vsobotu, v sobotu, hod S4/15 1. Alzbéta 2. Amost 3. Patrik. Linda 5, wens & David 7. Lukas & Mcistyna 9, Zdeika 10. Difa11. Mirek 12 Eva‘ Jana ASIT6 vatim, vail, val, vatime, vatite, vai hraju, hrajes, hraje, hrajeme,hrajete, hrajou; tu, es ete, eteme, étete,étou;nakupuju/i, nakupue’, nakupuje, nakupujeme, nakupujete, nakupujou/-i; spim, SPI5, spi, spime, spite, spi; pisu, pises, piSeme, pilete, pigou, dlivim se, diva se, divs se, divime se, divire se, divaji se; ulizim, ukills,ukliz,ukiizime, uklaite, ukli/-ef Posloucham, postouchas, Poslouché, poslouchéme, postouchéte, Poslouchaji 85/18 Véra réda hraje tenis. Ma réda palatink Ma ride Cesnekovou polévku. Mé rédakocku Milan mg rad $¢ divé na televizi. Ma réd zmrclinu, Rad vati, Mg rad aj 87/ byl, narodila se, nemél,psla,umiela; byl naroay Se, uel, sal umiel; byli, vyhrali, vytvojil " Psal, 87/2 2 filozofka 3. fotograt 4. podnikatelka 5, Vvedyné 6, zpévay 7. sportovkyné 8, skladatel 8. heretka 10. spisovare 11. malitka ‘12. profesor 13. uditelka 14. cestovatelka 15, kolega ‘IF byla 2A byl 3B byl 4D byla SE byl 6 byla ivo, Rad 4A, 50, 6E I, nakupovala, nakupovai ncoval f redler on ko Kone a, zatinal \coval S. se dival zatinal ating A at 3.posiouchall 4 tancoval Sse divi, 2st 86/7 1.vaila2.vstiv 7.uklizeli 8. nakupoval 1a 9, zadinal 10. konéila 98/8 psal, psala, psalir : ila, pil; mal, Méla, eli; spa, i pila, pill; mel, $F ob etl; Sel, sla Fai eal, Jed, jedi cht, chtala, cmap etl, cota, Cet Se, 5I0, ela, umiel moh, mobi ume ume Seas 5. pala 6. pila 7. mali eri, 10 Se etal véera? Rano sem dlouho spal a pak serm yy, ; pacer dll veter? Chal jsemjitdo kina, alee! sem. Og. ; i eesiai A cojsi délala ty? Nedélala jsem nic Cely den jsem 5 ra televa. Ta sn 5.0na 6.j87.0ni 8.ty9.vy 10.on 15.vy 16. GREE Fle MA2SMG27.PLE.M2.210.071,y Fs ae pee bla. byl/a/o, byl jsme, byl te, byl Jsem, déla/a js, délaV/a/o, dai jsme, dai jte, dal: yorum. jsem, rozumél/a jsi, rozumel/alo, rozumali jsme, corm. rozumal; Geta jsem, éeti/a ji, éetV/a/o, éetlijsme, cet re pracoval/a jsem, pracoval/a jsi, pracoval/a/o, pracova} Pracovali ste, pracovall; vad@/a jsem, védél/a js, vedalaja,,.. jme, ved ste, vEdél; mohi/a jsern, mohl/a js, mohi/a/e jme, mohl ste, mohl chta/a jsem, chtéva ji, chtsi/ajc, Jsme, chtli ste, cht: mél/a jsem, mal/ajsi, mél/a/o, msi élite, mel 89/14 1. Petrnepracovalna potitaéi. 2. Dana nepsala projekt hespala dobfe.4 Dan senedivalnatelevizi.S.DanaPetranctanca, ¢ Neclvaljsmese na televizi. 7, Nehledalijsme skolu. 8, Nemls x cemou kocku. 9, Nedélal jsem knedliky. 10. Nechtal sem studova 90/15 2F 3D 4H 5G 68 7A 8c 20/16 1. Veera jsem pracoval. 2. Véera Odpoledne jsem spala 3. Minuly rok jsme studovali cest Aste koéku nebo psa? 3. Praco : ? 5. Kde jste by fla vEera? 6, Pro¢ j nebyli v ned&li doma? 7, Kdy jsi ih 27, Kdy js 28, Prot Jstenemohl véera spity) | #KUPovala v supermarketu? &.%° 90/18 1, Do, ral skladatel, Karel iv, (ct ¢t Mdbozensky reformator. Ce Emil Skoda zaloiil frmu Sk02* Bo2e 9112: 9.vin 9172 plave dobi spisc polit 9172 9172 92/1 92/2 nal 92/4 6.18 93/7 garala, Dna Va Va Ui; |NEmcovA napsala roman Babicka, 91/22 1-ummim 2. vi8 3.2ndm 4, vis 5. umime 6. vi ‘9, vim 10. mis ‘91/23 1. Vite, kay Je plist lekce? 2. Zndm New York. 3. Um Spatné 4. Znéite Moskvu? 5. Vis, kdo je Martina Navratilova? 6. Umim dobie anglicky. 7. Vidi, kdy je party? 8. Zndme néjakou teskou _spisovatelku. 9. Umi délat knedliky? 10. Znd néjakého éeského (91/24 28 3A 4H 5G 6E 7C BF ‘91/25 1D 2E 3G 4B SC 6F 7H 8A ‘92/1 ve, na, v, na, Na, U,V, na, U, u,v ‘92/2 v préci, v kanceléti, v obchod8, ve skole, v restauraci, na letst, nalekei, v hotelu, v king, v parku, v nemocnic, v kostele 92/4 1.vdivadle 2. ve firme 3, v restauraci 4. obchoda 5. v nemocnici 6.na koncerte, v opere {93/7 1. dvakrét 2. hraje 3. piSu 4, jogurty 5, nemél éas 6.238 korun ‘94/11 1. zlod8j 2. inspektor 3. podeziely ite 7. umim 8. zname ‘94/12 1. pan Polivka 2. pan Méslo 3. pani Okurkova 4. pan Holi SAIN V, Vi- VV, Ue; YN 9-1 QV, VV NB, a, 95/15 v Albanii,v Belgit, v Bélorusku, v Bulharsku, v Ceske republice, v Dansku, vEstonsku, ve Finsku, ve Francii, v Holandsku, vChorvatsku, V irsku, v Ital, v Litvé, v Lotysku, v Madarsku, v Némecku, v Norsk, v Polsku, v Portugalsku, v Rakousku, v Rumunsku, v Rusku, v Recku, nna Slovensku, ve Slovinsku, v Srbsku, ve Spanéisku, ve Svédsku, ve Svycarsku, v Turecku, na Ukrajiné, ve Velké Briténil ‘95/17 20, 3F, 4E, SC, 6G, 7A 95/19 2. 0 rodiné 3. 0 prici 4. 0 pfirodé 5. 0 divadle 6, o médé 7.0jidle 8.0 Skole 9.0 divadile 10. o kulture 11.0 literatufe 12.0 pot. 13.0 lyZovani 14.0 cestovani 96/24 2E 3D 4A SH 6B 7F 8) 9C 101 96/26 1..v Krkonodich 2. v Plani 3. v Ceskych Budéjovicich 4. v Praze 5. v Brné 6. v Olomouci 7. v Karlowjch Varech 8. v Pardubicich 9. ve Zliné 10. v Ostravé