9 - 219

SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR SIMPLE SHEAR CONNECTIONS

Table 9-13.
Minimum Radius for Cold Bending
Thickness, in.

ASTM
Designation

Up to 14

A36

112 t

112 t

2t

3t

4t

A242

2t

3t

5t

A514b

2t

2t

2t

3t

3t

A529

2t

2t

Gr. 42

2t

2t

3t

4t

5t

Gr. 50

212t

212t

4t

Gr. 60

312t

312t

6t

Gr. 65

4t

4t

A588

2t

3t

5t

A852b

2t

2t

3t

3t

3t

A572c

Over 14 to 12 Over 12 to 1 Over 1 to 112 Over 112 to 2

a It is recommended that steel in this thickness range be bent hot. Hot bending, however, may result in a

decrease in the as-rolled mechanical properties.

b The mechanical properties of ASTM A514 and A852 steels result from a quench-and-temper operation. Hot

bending may adversely affect these mechanical properties. If necessary to hot-bend, fabricator should discuss
procedure with the steel supplier.
c Thickness may be restricted because of columbium content. Consult supplier.

dimensions are based on the maximum material thicknesses and fastener sizes indicated,
it is suggested that in cases where many duplicate connections with less than maximum
material or fasteners are required, savings can be effected if these dimensions are
developed from specific bevels, beam sizes, and fitting thicknesses.
Skewed single plate and skewed end plate connections, shown in Figures 9-46 and
9-47, provide a simple, direct connection with a minimum of fittings and multiple
punching requirements. When fillet welded, these connections may be used for skews up
to 30 (or a slope of 6516 in 12) provided the root opening formed does not exceed 316-in. as
specified in AWS D1.1 paragraph 3.3.1. For skew angles greater than 30, see AWS D1.1,
Section 2.11.
The maximum beam web thickness which may be supported is a function of the
maximum root opening and the angle of skew. If the thickness of the beam web were
such that a larger root opening were encountered, the skewed single plate or the web
connecting to the skewed end plate may be beveled, as shown in Figures 9-46b and 9-47b.
Since no root opening occurs with the bevel, there is no limitation on the thickness of the
beam web. However, beveling, especially of the beam web, requires careful finishing and
is an expensive procedure which may outweigh its advantages.
The design of skewed end plate connections is similar to that discussed previously in
Shear End-Plate Connections in this Part. However, when the gage of the bolts is not
centered on the beam web, this eccentric loading should be considered. The design of

AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION