Thit k mn hc CBD t

Nguyn c Tun

GVHD:

li ni u
Cng vi s tin b ca nn kinh t nc ta, gn y trong
c nc c nhiu c quan, n v, tp th v cc c nhn
s dng mt s loi xe i mi phc v cho vic ch
hng.
m bo cht lng xe trong qu trnh s dng th vic
thng xuyn nh gi cht lng xe l vic lm ht sc quan
trng.V vy cn thit phi c cc trm kim nh, vi cc
trang thit b dng cho cng tc th nghim v chn on
tnh trng k thut ca xe.
Trong ni dung thit k mn hc ny chng ti thit k b
th ko cho xe con vi 3 ni dung:
-Thit k thit b v c cu o ghi

-Thit k dn ng b chn on .
-Thit k b phn nng h ra vo.

SV:Nguyn Hu Cng
B k42

LpCKT

Thit k mn hc CBD t
Nguyn c Tun
I.

GVHD:

m u

1.Nhim v:
m bo cho qu trnh hot ng an ton ca phng
tin vn ti, m ch yu l t, theo nh k cn phi lim tra
cht lng ko ca n.
Vic s dng cc b th ko th ko cho t nhm mc
ch tit kim din tch, rt ngn thi gian th.
Vi bi tp ny l tnh ton thit k cc b phn c bn ca
mt b th ko. Tuy khng hn l y , song cng xc nh
c kch thc b th, cc thng s ng hc, chn my in, cc
ch ti trng tc dng trn b th.
2.Tng quan nghin cu:
thc hin nhim v thit k trc ht phi xem xt cc u
nhc im ca cc loi b th v chn mt loi b thch hp. Sau
s tnh ton cc kch thc c bn ca b th cng nh cc
thng s ng hc c bn ca n.
Vic tnh ton ng lc hc s l vic chn my in, xt
cc lc tc dng ln con ln, bnh xe v trc. Trong h thng
truyn dn, hp gim tc bao gm cc bnh rng v cc trc
truyn. Ngoi ra ngi ta cn s dng thm b truyn xch, b
phn cht ti c th dng bnh hay s dng phanh hm.

SV:Nguyn Hu Cng
B k42

LpCKT

Thit k mn hc CBD t
Nguyn c Tun

GVHD:

Phn 1:la chn phng n thit k

:Cc phng n th cht lng ko ang s dng
1:Khi nim chung
Cht lng ko nh hng trc tip n kh nng vn hnh v
tnh an ton ca t
Cht lng ko gim tc l gim cng sut ,tng tiu hao nhin
liu khi kh nng vt dc ,ng ly li kh khn.
hn ch tc bin su tnh trng k thut ca t m b
th ko ni ring ngi ta s dng cc b th chn on cht lng
ko trn b th ng lc hc
2:Cc loi b th
Hin nay kim tra cht lng ko ca t ngi ta s dng
loi con ln v bng ti.
i vi loa b th lc ko kiu con ln, m hnh ho
qu trnh chuyn ng thc t ca t ngi ta dng cc thit b
cht ti:
a);B th dng lc: Thit b cht ti l phanh c kh, phanh
thu lc hoc phanh in t. Chn on t ch chuyn
ng u v o lc ko bnh xe ch ng,o hiu sut
truyn lc,hiu sut tiu hao nhin liu tay s truyn thng
ng vi ch mmen xon hoc cng sut ng c cc i.
Kt cu ca b th gm cc con ln ,thit b cht ti ,thit b o
ghi v qut gi lm mt ng c trong qu trnh th nghim . S

SV:Nguyn Hu Cng
B k42

LpCKT

Thit k mn hc CBD t
Nguyn c Tun

GVHD:

lng con ln trn mt bnh c th 1 hoc 2.Do hn ch v loi mt

con ln m ngi ta thng s dng loi 2 con ln .Cc con ln c
t // i xng hoc khng i xng qua mt phng thng
ng// vi trc v i qua trc bnh xe
gim bt s trt cc con ln c ni vi nhau bng b truyn
xch,trn mt con ln cogn m bo h s bm =0,60,7
Thit b cht ti to ra ch tI trng cho t trn b th
di dng phanh con ln.Con ln c lm phanh in ,thu lc
trong c kh.
*Phanh thu lc.qu trnh hm trc con ln c to ra do cng chi
ph vic dch chuyn cht lng gia stato v rto v do ma st
gia rto vi cht lng v do ni ma st ca cht lng.
Rto chnh l mt trong nhng con ln cn stato l xi lanh treo
cn bng t trn n.Thay i ti trng c to ra bng cch
cung cp nc nhiu hay t vo phanh thu lc.Rto truyn nng lng nhn c qua cht lng n stato v to ra m men xon
trn .M men xon trn stato cn bng tng ng vi m men
ko ln bnh xe v c o bng cm bin p lc.
Phanh thu lc c u im l kh nng qu ti tt,nhc im l
thit b cng knh v kh nng iu chnh km,khng o c
hiu qu h thng v v sinh km.
S thit b phanh thu lc.

SV:Nguyn Hu Cng
B k42

LpCKT

Thit k mn hc CBD t
Nguyn c Tun

GVHD:

trc con ln

cm bin p lc

*Phanh c kh.Loi phanh ny hot ng theo nguyn tc

cng,ma st phanh hp th c nng ca ng c v bin thnh
nhit nng.Phanh c kh c loi phanh guc ,a,phanh gii.Kt
cu loi ny n gin r ch to nhng nhng ng c tnh
ca chng khng t yu cu v km kh nng t iu chnh
v m men phanh gn nh khng ph thuc vo s vng quay.
S phanh c kh dng a.

bnh xe ch
ng

V
con ln

ng h
o vn tc

cm bin p lc

ng h
o lc ko

SV:Nguyn Hu Cng
B k42

LpCKT

Thit k mn hc CBD t
Nguyn c Tun

GVHD:

*Phanh in:So vi 2 loi trn phanh in c u im ni tri

hn v tnh thun nghch ca n c th lm vic 2 ch
ng c v my pht. ch my pht c kh nng cung cp
cho li in,khi th nhiu ng c s c ngha v kinh t.
S thit b phanh loi cht ti phanh in.
R

cm bin
p lc

Trong phanh in li c phanh in mt chiu v phanh in

xoay chiu
-Phanh in mt chiu:C th thay i ch tc bng
cch thay i dng kch thch to ra m men phanh in t
cn bng vi m men xon trn bnh xe.
-Phanh in xoay chiu.Dng ng c khnh ng b dy
cun,loi phanh ny c kt cu n gin ,kch thc nh gn.Nhc
im khng iu chnh tc quay trong phm vi rng nn
phi c hp s km theo.
Khi s dng phanh in lm thit b cht ti th tu thuc vo
hm con ln m phn ra
-Hm my pht:ng c n ko con ln quay v quay rto ca
my in cng chiu vi chiu quay ca t trng stato(n1) tc
6
SV:Nguyn Hu Cng
LpCKT

B k42

Thit k mn hc CBD t
Nguyn c Tun

GVHD:

n>n1.Khi roto quay trong t trng ca stato nn trong rto

xut hin dng in cm ng ng thi sinh ra lc in t.Lc
in t tc dng ln rto ngc chiu quay ca n nn gy ra m
men hm cn bng vi m men xon ca bnh xe t.
iu chnh m men hm c th thay i gi tr ca in
tr rto,stato hoc ca ph ti. o m men ny c th bng 2
cch.
+o trc tip:Thng qua cc gi tr hiu in th,cng
dng in,gc lch pha gia UvI(cos).
+o gin tip:Thng qua my in cn bng vi c cu o
ghi c th l thu lc hay c kh.
Nhc im ca phng php hm my pht.
Khong s dng c dng in pht ra t cc my pht khi th
nghim.mun ho c ln li in phi c my pht ho ng b.
*Phi s dng ph ti c in tr rt ln.
*c tnh lm vic khng ph hp vi c tnh ca t th
nghim
*Gii hn o hp.
-Hm ng c.:Khi dng in 3 pha,tn s f vo dy cun
stato(n1=60f/p).T trng quay ct cc thanh dn ca dng dy
cun rto sinh ra sut in ng cm ng v sinh ra dng in
trong rto.Lc tc dng tng h gia t trng quay ca stato vi
thanh dn mang dng in(dng in rto) to nn m men
cm ng cn bng vi m men xon trn bnh xe t.

SV:Nguyn Hu Cng
B k42

LpCKT

Thit k mn hc CBD t
Nguyn c Tun

GVHD:

Trong hm ng c phn ra
+Hm ng c nng :ng c khng c con ln v ng c
in quay,ton b c nng ca ng c t cung cp cho my
in bin thnh nhit nng nung nng cc ng c trong my
pht(tn hao do dng fu c).
+Hm ngc.Va ni my vi ngun lm cho stato quay va cho
ng c n lm quay r to theo chiu ngc lilm sinh ra nng lng trong my in l rt ln.Nng lng ny ch yu bin thnh
nhit nng nung nng my in.
Hai phng php trn t s dng v chng c nhc im sau:
Nhit nng to ra trong my in ln c th chy cc cun dy.
c tnh lm vic khng ph hp vi c tnh ca t th
nghim.
Gii hn o hp.
+Hm ti sinh:cung cp in nng cho my in t li
in,ng thi cung cp c nng cho my in t ng c
t. Hm ti sinh xut hin khi c nng do ng c t cung
cpln hn nng lng in nng do li in cung cp,lc tc
quay ca ro to ln hn tc quay ca t trng quay stato v
ng c in ch thnh my pht in .Thay i gi tr m
men hm bng cch thay i gi tr in tr rto.u im ca
phng php ny l:
*C li v nng lng:C th s dng nng lng in pht raca
my in trong qu trnh th nghim ho ln mng in .
*Gii hn o rng

SV:Nguyn Hu Cng
B k42

LpCKT

Thit k mn hc CBD t
Nguyn c Tun

GVHD:

*c tnh lm vic ph hp vi c tnh th nghim ca t.

*Kh nng qu ti tt c th hm c ng c t c cng xut
ln hn cng xut bn thn ca my in t 57 ln.
m bo cht lng ko ngi ta c th s dng mt trong
nhng phng php trn.Gi tr lc ko c xc nh nh cm
bin p lc hoc c cu gn vi v ng c in(my in
cn bng).C th chn on t trn b th trng thi tnh
hoc trng thi ng nhng do c th ca tng ch v phng php th nghim ngi ta c th chn on cht lng ko
trng thi ng.
b);B th dng qun tnh: Thit b cht ti trong b th thng c dng bnh . Trn b qun tnh t c chn on
ch chuyn ng khng u, cng sut lc ko,lc phanh
c xc nh qua vic o cc i lng gia tc gc, thi gian
hoc qung ng tng tc ca bnh xe khi bm ga m hon ton
trong phm vi tc cho tay s truyn thng.
*Nguyn l chn on cht lng ko trn b th qun tnh l o
qung ng v thi gian tng tc trong khong V1V2 nh cc
dng c o chuyn dng(my m s vng quay,ng h bm
giy,gia tc k).c tnh ko c xy dng nh vic ghi li s
vng quay ,m men qun tnh ca con ln (hay bnh ).
*u im:
+C th chn on c t tc cao do m phng c
st vi thc t nn hay dng trong cc phng th nghim hay vin
nghin cu.

SV:Nguyn Hu Cng
B k42

LpCKT

Thit k mn hc CBD t
Nguyn c Tun

GVHD:

+Kt cu n gin r vn hnh.

*Nhc im:
+tnh vn nng km,mi loi t mang chn on li phi c mt
khi lng qun tnh tng ng.
+ng vi loi b th qun tnh dng cho loi ng c t ko
gy n v nhim mi trng do kh thi ca ng c t sinh
ra.
S b th dng qun tnh.

bnh xe ch
ng

con ln
Hp gim tc
Bnh

III.chn

phng n thit k

Da vo c tnh k thut,u nhc im ca cc loi b th trn

kt hp vi tnh hnh kinh t Vit Nam

ta a ra mt loi b

th c cc iu kin v kinh t,k thut c th p ng c vi

cng tc th nghim cho cc loi xe khng ng u v chng
loi,hnh dng kch thc ang s dng Vit Nam.

SV:Nguyn Hu Cng
B k42

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LpCKT

Thit k mn hc CBD t
Nguyn c Tun

GVHD:

B th ny phi p ng c nhu cu sau:

+Chi ph sn xut ,lp rp s dng nh.
+Chim din tch nh.
+ tin cy cao,i hi trnh vn hnh khng cao lm.
+Tnh vn nng cao.
T yu cu trn ta chn phng n thit k b th dng lc,o lc
ko trng thi ng,b th con ln .o lc ko ch tc
tng ng vi m men xon cc i ca ng c.

Loi t th:KIA-RHINO
S

Cc thng s

TT

n v

Gi tr

HK

G0

KG

4060

hiu

S ch ngi.

Trng lng bn thn(t

trng)

Chiu rng ton b.

Btb

mm

2020

Bn knh bnh xe.

rbx

mm

390

Chiu rng lp.

B1

mm

210

Vt sau bnh xe.

V2

mm

1660

T s truyn lc chnh.

i0

T s tryn hp s tay

ih1

7,46

s 1.
9

Cng sut cc i.

SV:Nguyn Hu Cng
B k42

Nemax/n
11

ml/v/p

162/28

LpCKT

Thit k mn hc CBD t
Nguyn c Tun

GVHD:

00

10

M men cc i.

Memax/n
m

KGm

43,5/18
00

Nguyn l lm vic ca b th:

+Th ko: Cho ng c t lm vic tc t gi tr
mmen xon cc i, hp s tay s 1.
iu chnh ph ti n lc cn ca ng c cn bng vi
lc ko ca t. Dng ng h ghi li gi tr cc i ca lc
ko v so snh vi gi tr cho php.

S b th

SV:Nguyn Hu Cng
B k42

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Thit k mn hc CBD t
Nguyn c Tun

GVHD:

1:ng c in
2,6:B truyn ng xch
3:Hp gim tc
4:Khp ni
5:Con ln.
III.tnh

ton ng hc

9. tnh ton kch thc b th

9. Bn knh con ln:

Bn knh con ln c xc nh theo iu kin gim cn ln
cho cc bnh xe ch ng:
rcl = ( 0.4 0.6 ).rbx.

SV:Nguyn Hu Cng
B k42

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Thit k mn hc CBD t
Nguyn c Tun
rbx = *r 0

GVHD:

vi p xut cao (=0,9450,950) chn =0,945

rbx = 0.945 *r 0

r 0 :Bn knh thit k

T cng thc bnh xe:B-d = 9-20 ta c: r 0 =(d/2+B)*25,4

=(16/2+8,25)*25,4=412,75 (mm)
rbx =0,945*412,75=390(mm)

rcl=0.6 * 390=234 (mm)=0,234(m)

2. Chiu di ton b con ln:
Lcl=(knmax-ktmin)/2+2a = 2B1 + 2a
Trong :
Knmax: Khong cch ln nht gia hai mp ngoi lp.
Ktmin: Khong cch gia 2 mp trong lp.
A: H s tnh n loi xe, a=100 ( mm ).
B1: B rng ca 1 lp=8,25*25,4=210 (mm)
Ta c:
Lcl = 2.210+ 2 * 100 = 620 ( mm ).

3. Chiu rng b th:

BBt=Knmax+2a= V1 +2( B1 + a ) = 1770 +2( 210 + 100 ) =
2390 (mm).
4. Khong cch gia cc trc con ln:
Chn loi b th c 2 con ln i xng qua

SV:Nguyn Hu Cng
B k42

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Thit k mn hc CBD t
Nguyn c Tun

GVHD:

tm bnh xe: 2 con ln trn mt bnh xe. Da vo iu kin n

nh trong qu trnh th nghim t trn b th c:

A 2 * (r

bx

rcl ) *

1 2

Trong :
: H s bm gia bnh xe v con ln. Chn
=0.65.
rbx = 390 ( mm ).
Rcl = 234 ( mm ).
Vy:
Acl 680 ( mm ).
Chn:

Acl= 800 ( mm ).

5. Xc nh gc lch gia con ln vi bnh xe:

T cng thc:

Acl = 2( rbx+rcl ).sin

suy ra:
sin = Acl / [2(rbx+rcl)] = 800 /[2( 234+ 390)] = 0,641
Vy:
= arcsin 0.641 = 390526,03
Suy ra: tg = 0.835 > = 0.65 ( Tho mn iu kin
n nh trn con ln).
B. thng s ng hc ca b th.

1).Tc th

SV:Nguyn Hu Cng
B k42

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Thit k mn hc CBD t
Nguyn c Tun

GVHD:

xc nh cc thng s chn on chung ca t trn b

th cn phi bit ch o (tc v ti trng). i vi b th
dng lc ch th t tc nh v t chuyn ng u.
Th ko ta th ch tc ng vi mmen xon cc
i ca ng c tay s truyn thng. Vi xe _ 14 :
nM=2500 ( v/p ).
**Vn tc khi th ko ng vi Memax=43,5 KG.m c nm=1800 v/p
n m .rbx

Vm=0,377. i .i
0 hc

(Cng thc l thuyt t)

Trong :i0=7,64 t s rtuyn lc chnh

Ihc=1 t s truyn tay s cao(Tay s truyn thng)
VM=0,377.

1800.0,390
35,48( km / h)
7,64.1

**Vn tc khi th ko ng vi Nemax=162(ml) c nw=2800 v/p

Vw=0,377.

2800.0,390
55,19( km / h)
7,64.1

2).Ch th:
a: ch Memax
Ta c cng thc Pkm=

M e max .i0 . tl . bt
rbx

Trong :Memax:M men xon cc i ca ng c

tl=0,82:Hiu xut ca h thng truyn lc
bt=0,7:Hiu xut ca b th
Pkm:Lc ko ca bnh xe trn b th khi ch Memax t
thay vo cng thc

SV:Nguyn Hu Cng
B k42

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Pkm=

GVHD:

43,5.7,64.0,82.0,7
477,61( kG )
0,390

P=m.z.=

1,3.0,7.4060.0,65
1200,75(kG )
2

Trong :m=1,3 l h s phn b ti trng

Z=0,7.4060/2 Trng lng cu ch ng
=0,65 :H s bm
Vy Pkm<P ho mn
b). ch Nemax
c

Pkm=

N e max . tl . bt
VN

Nemax=162 ml=119,23.103(w) L cng xut cc i ca ng

c
VN=55,19 km/h=15,33(m/s) L vn tc ng vi cng xut cc
i
Pkm :Lc ko ca bnh xe tren b th ch Nemax
Thay vo ta c Pkm=

119,23.10 3.0,82.0,7
4464,16 446,42(kG )
15,33

Vy Pkm<P Tho mn ch th.

3).Xc nh cng xut ca ng c in
3-1) Xc nh cng xut cn thit ca ng c in:
a);Khi ch Memax
Ta c cng thc: Nc=Pkm.Vm.bt=
477,61.10.35,48.1000.0,7
32,950.10 3 ( w) 32,950(kw)
3600

SV:Nguyn Hu Cng
B k42

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GVHD:

b);Khi ch Nemax
Ta c cngthc Nc=Pkn.Vn.bt=
446,42.10.55,19.1000.0,7
47,907.10 3 ( w) 47,907( kw)
3600

Kt hp ta chn ng c in vi cng xut cng xut cn

thit ca ng c in
Tra bng (17P-TKCTM) ta c
3-2)Xc nh s vng quay ca con ln
a)Ti Vm
n

30.V

T cng thc:V= 30 n=
30.35,48.1000
296(v / p )
3600
nbx=

T cng thc

rbx
n
cl
rcl
nbx

rbx .nbx

ncl= r
cl

0,6.nbx

Thay vo ta c: ncl=0,6.296=177,6 (v/p)

b);Ti VN
nbx=

30.55,19.1000
460(v / p )
3600

ncl=0,6.nbx=0,6.460=276 (v/p)
4);Xc nh t s truyn ca hp gim tc
Da vo s cu to ta c
ic=ix.ihr
tong ic:T s truyn ca h thng truyn ng

SV:Nguyn Hu Cng
B k42

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GVHD:

ix:T s truyn ca b truyn xch

ihr:T s truyn ca hp gim tc
i

c
c
T trn ta c :ihr= i 3 Ly ix=3
x

2925

dcd
ic= n 177,6 16,47
cl

ihr=16,47/3=5,5

Phn v: Thit k b truyn

Do kt cu b th c trnh by trn, ng thi do tc
t ng c n con ln khng ln lm, nn ta chn hp gim
tc bnh rng tr mt cp, rng nghing.
S nh sau:

SV:Nguyn Hu Cng
B k42

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Trc ra

GVHD:

Trc vo

Truyn ng xch

Truyn ng t ng c in n hp gim tc l b
truyn xch. T hp gim tc n con ln l khp ni v gia cc
con ln l b truyn xch.

Hiu sut b truyn l: =k. br. o. x =

1.0,98.0,995.0,96 = 0,9361
Trong :
k: Hiu sut truyn ca khp ni.
br: Hiu sut truyn mt cp bnh rng.
o: Hiu sut truyn ca ln.

SV:Nguyn
B k42

x: Hiu sut truyn ca b truyn xch

Hu Cng 20
LpCKT

Thit k mn hc CBD t
Nguyn c Tun

GVHD:

Bng phn phi t s truyn v cng sut ca hp gim

tc:

Thng s

Trc ng

Trc I

Trc II

c
i

5,5

n (v/ph)

2925

975

177,273

N (KW)

55

52,536

51,228

M (Nmm)

179572,65

514583,3864

2759740

Ch :
6

9,55.10 .N
n

( 3 53 )

A.thit k b truyn bnh rng.

1.Chn vt liu bnh rng:

-Bnh nh chn thp 45 thng ho, c:
b = 600 (N/mm2);

ch = 300 (N/mm2); HB = 220.

-Bnh ln chn thp 35 thng ho, c:

b = 500 (N/mm2);

c = 260 (N/mm2); HB = 180.

2.Xc nh ng sut cho php:

9. ng sut tip xc cho php:
-Bnh nh: []tx = 2,6 . 220 = 572 (N/mm2).
-Bnh ln: []tx = 2,6 . 180 = 442(N/mm2).

SV:Nguyn Hu Cng
B k42

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GVHD:

Trong : 2,6 l h s ng sut cho php khi bnh rng lm

vic lu di v tra theo cng.
b. ng sut un cho php:

1.5

"
n

.n

1.5

.
1

.n

Trong :
-1 = 0.4.b
n = 1.5 : H s an ton.
K = 1.8 : H s tp trung ng sut chn rng.

"
n

= 1 : H s chu k ng sut chu un.

[]u1 = 1,5.0,4.600.1 / 1,5.1,8 = 133.33 (N/mm2).

[]u2 = 1,5.0,4.500.1 / 1,5.1,8 = 111,11 (N/mm2).

3.Chn s b h s ti trng k:
Chn s b: k=1,3.
4. Chn h s chiu rng:
bA=b/A=0,4
5.Tnh s b khong cch trc:
Trong :
22
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k .N
.
A (i 1)
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bA

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GVHD:

: H s phn nh kh nng tng ti theo sc bn

tip xc ca bnh rng tr rng nghing so vi bnh rng tr rng
thng. Chn =1,25.
Ta c:
1,05 *10 6
A (5,5 1) * 3
442 * 5,5

1,3 * 52,536
340,4(mm)
0,4 *177,273 *1,25

Chn: A = 342 (mm).

6.Chn cp chnh xc ch to bnh rng:
Mun xc nh cp chnh xc ta i xc nh vn tc
V

2 * * A * n1
2 * * 342 * 975

5,3694( m / s )
60 *1000 * (i 1) 60 *1000 * (1 5,5)

vng ca bnh rng:

Vi tc ny ta chn cp chnh xc ch to l cp 8.
7.Xc nh chnh xc h s ti trng k:
Chiu rng bnh rng: b = bA * A = 0,4*342 = 136,8
(mm).
Ly

b1 = 138 (mm).
Ta c:

d1 = 2*A / ( i + 1 ) =2*342/

(5,5+1)=105,23( mm ).

d = b / d1 = 1,3114

Tra bng ( 3 12 ) tm c h s ti trng:

Kttbng = 1,17

Ktt = ( Kttbng + 1 )/ 2 =

1,085

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GVHD:

Tra bng ( 3 14 ) gi s bnh rng nghing c:

b

Ta c:

2.5 mn
sin

K = 1,3

Vy:

K = Ktt*K = 1,085*1,3 = 1,4105

Tr s ny khc so vi tr s ban u: K = 1,3 cho nn cn tnh li

3

khong cch trc A=Asb

K
1,4105
340,43
349,8 350(mm)
K sb
1,3

8.Xc nh mun, s rng, chiu rng bnh rng,

gc nghing:
- Mun php tuyn: mn = ( 0,01 0,02 )A = 3,5 7
(mm).
Chn: mn = 3,5 ( mm ).
9. Chn gc nghing: = 100 cos = 0,985
-S rng bnh nh l:
Z1 = 2*A*cos / [ mn* (i + 1)]
9. Z1 = 2*350*cos100 / [ 3,5*(5,5 + 1)] = 30,3(rng)
Chn: Z1 = 31 ( rng ).
-S rng bnh ln: Z2 = i*Z1 = 5,5*30,3 = 167 (rng)
-Tnh chnh xc gc nghing :
cos = (Z1+Z2)* mn / ( 2*A ) = (31 + 167)*3,5 / (2*350)
= 0,99

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GVHD:

=8,10.
-Chiu rng bnh rng phi tho mn iu kin:
b > 2,5*mn / sin = 2,5.3,5 / sin8,1 0 = 62,35 ( mm ).Tho
mn iu kin.
Ly chiu rng bnh rng: b1 = 138 ( mm ).
Ly chiu rng bnh rng: b2 = 136 ( mm ).
9.Kim nghim sc bn un ca rng:
-S rng tng ng ca bnh nh:
Z td 1

z1
31

31,95
3
cos cos3 8,1

Ly Zt1 = 32( rng ).

-S rng tng ng ca bnh ln:
Z td 2

z2
167

172,11
3
cos cos3 8,1

Ly Zt2 = 173 ( rng ).

-H s dng rng c tra trong bng ( 3 18 )TKCTM:
y1 = 0.451 ;

y2 = 0.517

: H s kh nng ti tnh theo sc bn un. =1,41,6,

chn =1,5.
-Kim nghim sc bn un ti chn rng:
u1

19,1*10 6 * k * N
1,91*10 6 *1,4105 * 52,536

4,0946( N / mm 2 )
2
2
y1 * m n * Z1 * n1 * b1 * 0,451* 3,5 * 31* 975 *138 *1,5

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Vy: u1 < [u1];

GVHD:

u2 < [u2] (tho mn).

10.Cc thng s hnh hc ca b truyn:

u2

1,91*106 *1,4105 * 51,228

3,608( N / mm 2 )
0,517 * 3,52 *167 *177,273 *136 *1,5

- Mun php: mn = 3,5 ( mm ).

- S rng: Z1 = 31; Z2 = 167 (rng)
9. Gc n khp: =200.
9. Gc nghing rng: = 8,10.
9. ng knh vng ln:
d1 = mn.Z1 / cos = 110( mm ).
D2 = 3,5*167 / cos8,1 = 590,4 ( mm ).
9. ng knh vng nh:
de1 = d1 + 2*mn = 117( mm ).
De2 = d2 + 2*mn = 597,4( mm ).
9. Khong cch trc: A = 350 ( mm ).
9. Chiu rng bnh rng:
b1 = 138 ( mm ).
B2 = 136 ( mm ).
11.Lc tc dng ln trc:
-Lc vng:

P = 2*9,55*106*N / (d*n)

9. P = 2*9,55*106*52,536 / ( 110*975 ) = 9356,1 ( N ).

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GVHD:

-Lc hng tm: Pr = P*tgn / cos = P*tg20 / cos8,1 =

3439,74(N).
Lc dc trc:

Pa = P*tg = P*tg8,1 = 1331,57( N ).

B. tnh ton trc

9. Chn vt liu:
Chn vt liu ca trc l: Thp 45 phi rn.
2.Chn s b ng knh trc:
N
n

d c.3

C = 120 ; H s ph thuc ng sut un cho php.

-Vi trc I:

d1 120.3

52,536
45,32(mm)
975

Chn: d1 = 46 ( mm ).
-Vi trc II:
d 2 120.3

51,228
79,33( mm)
177,273

Chn: d2 = 80 ( mm ).
2.Tnh gn ng trc:
Ta chn cc kch thc:
9. Khong cch gia cc bnh rng v thnh trong v hp:
10 (mm).

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GVHD:

9. Khong cch t thnh trong v hp n mp trong

ln: 10 (mm).
9. Khong cch t thnh ngoi v hp n mp ln: 15
(mm).
- Chiu rng : 26 (mm).
- Chiu rng : 39 (mm).
9. Chiu rng bnh rng: 138 (mm).
T cc thng s trn ta tnh c:

a1 = b1 = 102 (mm).

9. a2 = b2 = 107,5 (mm).
9. Tnh trc I:
9. Cc thng s bit:
P1 = 9356,1 ( N ).

Pr1 = 3439,74 ( N ).

= 514583,385 (Nmm).
Pa1 = 1331,57( N ).

D1 = 110 ( mm ).

-Tnh phn lc ti cc gi:

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Mx

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GVHD:

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P

GVHD:

AX

a1

BX

AY

BY

R1

a=102(mm)

b=102(mm)

ux

477161,1 (N.mm)

uy

212044,74(n.mm)

514583,385(N.mm) M

MAx = 0 => P1.a RBx.2a = 0

9. RBx = P1.a / (2a) = 4678,05 ( N ).
9. RAx = 4678,05 ( N ).
MAy = 0 => Pr1.a RBy.2a + Pa1.d1 / 2 = 0
9. RBy = ( Pr1.a + Pa1.d1 / 2 ) / (2a) = 2078,87 ( N ).

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GVHD:

9. RAy = 3439,74 2078,87 = 1360,87 ( N ).

Xt ti tit din nguy him:
Mux = RAx.a = 4678,05*102 = 477161,1 ( N*mm ).
Muymax = RAy.a+Pa1.d1/2 =212044,74 ( N*mm ).

M:
2

M u M 2 ux M uy 522154,85( Nmm)
d 3

M td
0,1

M td

M u 0,75M x 686471,22( Nmm)

[] = 52 (N/mm2). ng sut cho php ch to trc ( Bng 7

2 ).
D 50,93; chn: d1 = 51 ( mm ).
b.Tnh trc II:
P2 = 9356,1 ( N ).

Pr2 = 3439,74 ( N ).

Pa2 = 1331,57 ( N ).

D2 = 590,4 ( mm ).

Mx =

2759740 (Nmm).
Pa2
RDx
RCx
D

P2

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GVHD:
Pr2

RDy

RCy
a = 107,5 (mm)

b=

107,5 (mm)
z
x

Mx

502890,375 (Nmm)
My

774505,2666 (Nmm)

2759740(N.mm)

Mx

-Tnh phn lc ti gi: tng t ta c:

MCx = 0
MCy = 0

RCx = RDx = P2 / 2 = 4678,05 ( N ).

=> RDy =108,4 ( N ).

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GVHD:

9. RCy = 3548,147 ( N ).
Tnh m men ti mt ct nguy him:
Mux = RCx.a = 4678,05.107,5 = 502890,375 ( Nmm ).
Muymax = RCy.a + Pa2.d2/2 =774505,2665( Nmm ).
2

M u M 2 ux M uy 923448,5( Nmm)
d2 3

M td
79,3(mm)
0,1

Vi:
M td

Ta chn:

M u 0,75M x 2562202,33( Nmm)

d2 = 80 ( mm ).
C. Kim nghim bn trc

Kim nghim theo cng thc:

n

n .n
2

n n

[n] l h s an ton cho php [n]=1,52,5

n

1
k
. a a . m
.

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GVHD:

Trc I: trc quay du nn ng sut php bin i theo chu k

i xng .

a max min

Mu
; m o.
W

1
K
. a
O.

Chn vt liu lm trc l thp 45 c b 600( N

mm 2

);

B truyn lm vic mt chiu nn ng sut tip thay i theo

chu k mch ng:
a m

MX
.
2.W0

1
K
. a . m
. .
.

1 0,45.600 270( N
1 0,25.600 150( N

Vy: gii hn mi un v xun

mm 2

mm 2

).

).

W 12100( mm 3 ).
Wo 25900(mm 3 )

Mn = 522154,85(Nmm).

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GVHD:

Mx =514583,385 (Nmm).

M
2
mm

Mu
W

n =

=43,15

a m

Mx
N
9,934
2
2.W0
mm

Chn h s v theo vt liu thp cc bon trung bnh

=0,1 v = 0,05

H s tng bn b mt

Chn cac h s

theo bng (7-4)

0,78

0,67

K
3,3

K
1 0,6
1 2,38

(bng 7-10)

(trang

129)
n =6,214

n =1,896

n .n
n n
2

1,813 [n] = (1,5)

*Trc II: Tng t trc I ta c

W0 =95000

mm
3

N
a 20,66
2
mm

(bng 7-3b)

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W = 44700

GVHD:
N
a 14,525
2
mm

mm
3

Mn = 923448,5(N,mm)
Mx= 2759740 (Nmm).
Chn cc h s:
0 0,72

0,6

= 0,1
K
3,4

= 0,05
K

K
1 0,6
1 2,44

(bng7-10)

n= 4,844

n =4,1474

n = 3,15 > [n]

4-Tnh then v :
a-tnh then :
Trc I : Do trc I c lc dc trc nn ta chn bi chn
Vi d =46(mm) tra bng 17P ta chn c k hiu l 36309.
tin tnh then ta chn 2 bi hai u trc ging nhau
Chn then vi d = 46(mm) ta chn then c kch thc sau
B = 10

;h=8

t = 4,5

;t 1 = 3,6

(bng 7-23)
-Trc II : Do trc II c lc dc trc nn ta chn bi chn

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GVHD:

Vi d =80(mm) tra bng 17P ta chn c k hiu l 36316.

tin tnh then ta chn 2 bi hai u trc ging nhau
Chn then vi d = 80(mm) ta chn then c kch thc sau
B = 24

; h = 14

t=7

;t 1 = 7,2

(bng 7-23)
6-Tnh ton b truyn xch :
a- Chn loi xch rng lm vic m du ( bt va p cho cac
b truyn bnh rng trong hp s) .
b- T s truyn :

n1
3
n2

Chn s rng a dn Z1=25(rng)

Z2=25.3 = 75(rng).
c-Tm bc xch t :
-Tnh h s iu kin s dng :
K = K.KA.KO.Kc.Kb.Kc.
trong :-K =1,2 h s tnh n nh hng ca ti trng(ti
trng ng ).
-KA =1 h s tnh n chiu di xch .
-KO =1 h s xt n cch b tr b truyn (nm
ngang ).

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GVHD:

-Kc =1,25 trc khng iu chnh c .

-Kb =1,5 hl s xt n kh nng bi trn .
-KC =1 b truyn lm vic mt ca .
-K = 2,25
Z

25

01
- H s rng a dn : KZ= Z 25 1
1

(trang 106)
1600

01
- H s vng quay a dn: Kn = n 2925 0,547
1

- Cng sut tnh ton ca b truyn xch .

Nt =K.KZ.Kn.N = 64,66(KW)
-Tra bng (6-4) ly xch c bc xch t = 25,4(mm) .
-Vi loi xch ny tra bng (6-1) ta tm c cc kch thc ch yu
Ti trng ph hng ; Q = 50000 (N)
Khi lng mt mt xch : q=2,57 (kg/m)
7-Xc nh khong cch truc A v s mt xich X :
Chn A = (30-50)t
A= 1016
-S mt xch :
Z 1 Z 2 2. A ( Z 2 Z 1 ) 2 t
X

. 140
2
t
2.
A

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GVHD:

-Chn X = 140 mt xch .

-Tnh chnh xc khong cch trc A :

Z Z2
t
X 1

4
2

25,4
25 75
140

4
2

Z1 Z 2

140

Z Z2
8. 1

2.

25 75

25 75
8.

2.3,14

1124 mm.

m bo vng bnh thng trnh cho xch khi b cng

qu ta c th gim khong cch trc mtj khong bng 0,003A
=4 mm.
Vy ta ly A = 1120 mm.
8-Tnh ng knh vng chia ca a xch:
d c1

t
25,4

203,2.( mm).
0
180
180
sin
sin
25
Z1

d c 2 3.d c1 609,6( mm).

9-Tnh lc tc dng ln trc :

R=Kt.P =

6.10 7 .k t N
Z tn

(6-17)

Kt :h s xt n tc dng ca trng lng xch ln trc

Kt = 1,15 (h s xt n trng lng ca xch ln trc)
P = 2402,1 (N)

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GVHD:

Ti liu tham kho

-Bo dng v chn on t - i hc giao thng vn ti
-Thit k chi tit my - Nguyn Trng hip
-Chi tit my -Nh xut bn khoa hc k thut
-L thuyt t my ko -Nh xut bn khoa hc k thut

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