QB - Ekm

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MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK
MARINE ENGINEERING KNOWLEDGE

(MOTOR)
Instructions:
Answer SIX questions only
All Questions carry equal marks
Neatness in handwriting and clarity in expression carries weightage
Illustration of an Answer with clear sketches /diagram carries weightage
All unused pages of the answer script must be cancelled out by two lines (X) across the page
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Contents
JUNE 2015 ........................................................................................................................................................ 4
APRIL 2015 ....................................................................................................................................................... 5
MARCH 2015..................................................................................................................................................... 6
FEBRUARY 2015 .............................................................................................................................................. 7
JANUARY 2015 ................................................................................................................................................. 8
DECEMBER 2014 ........................................................................................................................................... 10
NOVEMBER 2014 ........................................................................................................................................... 11
OCTOBER 2014 .............................................................................................................................................. 12
SEPTEMBER 2014.......................................................................................................................................... 13
AUGUST 2014 ................................................................................................................................................. 14
JULY 2014 ....................................................................................................................................................... 15
JUNE 2014 ...................................................................................................................................................... 16
APRIL 2014 ..................................................................................................................................................... 17
MARCH 2014................................................................................................................................................... 18
FEBRUARY 2014 ............................................................................................................................................ 19
JANUARY 2014 ............................................................................................................................................... 21
DECEMBER 2013 ........................................................................................................................................... 22
NOVEMBER 2013 ........................................................................................................................................... 23
OCTOBER 2013 .............................................................................................................................................. 24
SEPTEMBER 2013.......................................................................................................................................... 25
AUGUST 2013 ................................................................................................................................................. 26
JULY 2013 ....................................................................................................................................................... 27
JUNE 2013 ...................................................................................................................................................... 28
APRIL 2013 ..................................................................................................................................................... 29
MARCH 2013................................................................................................................................................... 30
FEBRUARY 2013 ............................................................................................................................................ 31
JANUARY 2013 .............................................................................................................................................. 31
DECEMBER 2012 ........................................................................................................................................... 33
NOVEMBER 2012 ........................................................................................................................................... 33
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SEPTEMBER 2012 ......................................................................................................................................... 34

AUGUST 2012 ................................................................................................................................................. 35
JULY 2012 ....................................................................................................................................................... 36
JUNE 2012 ...................................................................................................................................................... 38
APRIL 2012 ..................................................................................................................................................... 39
MARCH 2012 .................................................................................................................................................. 39
FEBRUARY 2012 ............................................................................................................................................ 41
JANUARY 2012 ............................................................................................................................................... 42
DECEMBER 2011 ........................................................................................................................................... 43
NOVEMBER 2011 ........................................................................................................................................... 44
OCTOBER 2011 .............................................................................................................................................. 45
SEPTEMBER 2011 ......................................................................................................................................... 46
AUGUST 2011 ................................................................................................................................................. 47
JULY 2011 ....................................................................................................................................................... 47
JUNE 2011 ...................................................................................................................................................... 48
APRIL 2011 ..................................................................................................................................................... 49
MARCH 2011 .................................................................................................................................................. 50
FEBRUARY 2011 ............................................................................................................................................ 52
JANUARY 2011 ............................................................................................................................................... 53
DECEMBER 2010 ........................................................................................................................................... 54
NOVEMBER 2010 ........................................................................................................................................... 55
OCTOBER 2010 .............................................................................................................................................. 56
SEPTEMBER 2010 ......................................................................................................................................... 57
AUGUST 2010 ................................................................................................................................................. 58
JULY 2010 ....................................................................................................................................................... 59
JUNE 2010 ...................................................................................................................................................... 59
APRIL 2010 ..................................................................................................................................................... 60
MARCH 2010 .................................................................................................................................................. 61
FEBRUARY 2010 ............................................................................................................................................ 61
JANUARY 2010 ............................................................................................................................................... 62
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JUNE 2015
Q1. With reference to torsional vibrations in a main propulsion installation based on medium speed
engines, gearbox and controllable pitch propeller: Explain how the vibrations may be caused; State
the possible effects and damage that could result; Discuss the methods employed to minimise the
potential problems associate with torsional vibration; Describe how the natural vibration frequency of
the system could be modified.
Q2. Explain each of the following:

A. Why wear down in main bearings is critical to the condition of the crankshaft and propeller
shaft system.
B. Why total reliance is placed on frictional grip in conventional built up crankshaft

C. Why hole oils are given large fillets in crankpin and journals.
Q3. During the past 4 months since you have joined the ship as second engineer a number of
main engine exhaust valves have suffered cracking and corrosion at the seating faces. Write a
report to the superintendent covering the following points;
A. An explanation detailing how the problem became evident.

B. Your action upon recognising the extent and seriousness of the problem
C. Your reasoned views regarding the positive causes of the problem
D. Your recommendations to avoid future incidents.
Q4. Sketch and describe a common rail fuel system as fitted to a diesel engine. How is delivery
of the fuel controlled?
Q5. A. Draw an out of phase diagram for a large 2-stroke slow speed cycle engine. Describe in
detail the part of the cycle showing the diagram. Using the diagram explain the effects of burning
liable and low grade fuels (when fuel injection timing is not altered). Explain how good ignition and
combustion can be obtained when using low grade fuel.
Q6. A. Sketch and describe a flywheel that would be fitted to a large marine diesel engine; B.
Show in the sketches how it is fitted and secured. ; C. What is the purpose of the flywheel?
Recently some engine makers have considerably reduced the size of the flywheel. Explain how this
can be done.
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Q7.Explain why the residual fuels for the operation of large slow speed or of medium speed engines
may be responsible for the following problems with T/C nozzles, shrouds and blades and how in
each , the problem may be minimized A. Build-up of deposits; B. Hot corrosion; C. Erosion.
Q8. A. Describe the method of setting the safety valves of an exhaust gas boiler at sea. State the
limits in terms of %age above maximum design working pressure for setting safety valves.
B. State the formality necessary when Chief engineer sets the safety valves.
Q9. Describe in detail the causes and conditions that;
A. Create an explosive atmosphere in a crankcase; B. Initiate a primary explosion.

C.
Propagate a secondary explosion; State how hazardous conditions can be avoided.
APRIL 2015
Q1. Fatigue is one of the main causes of crankshaft failure.
A. Indicate on a sketch the most likely location of a fatigue crack; B. Explain how a fatigue failure
is identified; C. Describe how a fatigue crack may be initiated; D. Describe, with the aid of sketches,
the methods used to inhibit fatigue cracks.
Q2. A. Outline the problems associated with effective lubrication of the liner and piston assemble
of a large slow speed engine; B. Describe the appearance and state the causes of each of the
following: i. Clover leafing; ii. Micro-seizure
C. Describe the composition of a cylinder oil suitable for an engine operating on residual fuel
Q3. With reference to bridge control of a large slow propulsion engine
A. Explain how starting and reversal achieved
B. Describe the investigation and remedial action required action required if the engine
i. fails to turn on air; ii. turns on air but fails to fire on fuel; iii. fails to reverse
Q4. A. Explain the possible reasons T/C vibration while operating at a steady speed
B. State how the incidence of turbo charger vibration might be minimized
C. Explain the action to be taken in order to maintain 2 stroke engine operation in the vent of
turbo charger having to be taken out of service; D. Indicate the effect this action will have on
engine operation
Q5. Sketch and describe the arrangement of a main engine camshaft chain. Describe the repair
procedure following fracture of one chain link during operation of the engine. Give possible reasons
for the failure and explain how the chain is set initially at the correct degree of tension.
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Q6. With reference to piston rings; - A. State with reasons the causes of breakage; B. State how
maintenance and engine operation can minimize breakage; C. Explain the possible consequences
with respect to performance and safety of operating the engine with broken or severely worn rings.
Q7. With respect to main boiler super heater arrangements: - A. Compare the advantages and
disadvantages of contra flow with parallel flow design; B. Describe how the element tube banks are
supported yet allow for expansion.
C. Describe how boiler carryover affects super heater effectiveness and condition
Q8: Describe with reference to mechanical/hydraulic governors explain:
A. Why fly weights are driven at a higher rotational speed than the engine. B. How dead band
effects are reduced. C. How hunting is reduced. D. How the output torque is increased.
Q9. With reference to medium speed engine cylinder lines:
A. Explain the cause and effects of Polishing or glazing; B. Describe, with the aid of sketches, an
anti-polishing ring and explain how it is fitted in the liner; C. Explain the action of anti-polishing
ring during the operation of the engine.
MARCH 2015
Q1. You have been appointed as Second Engineer to a new vessel that experiences severe aft
end vibration. The problem is thought to emanate from the propeller. Describe the cause of vibration
and suggest possible remedies including the selection of a new propeller with a different number of
blades.
Q2. With reference to medium speed engine cylinder lines: A. Explain the cause and effects of
Polishing or glazing; B. Describe, with the aid of sketches, an anti-polishing ring and explain how
it is fitted in the liner; C. Explain the action of anti-polishing ring during the operation of the engine
Q3. Discuss critically the following alternative types of main propelling machinery for installation in
a proposed new ship - A. 2 stroke single acting cross head type slow speed engine; B. 4 stroke
singleacting with reverses / reduction gear.
Q4. Describe the cause and effect of thermal stressing in cylinder Heads, liners and pistons. Explain
why thermal stressing is aggravated with increased cylinder bore. Explain how stress concentration
and its effects are relieved by maintenance and operational practices
Q5. A. Describe the causes and effects of bacterial attack on diesel engine lubricating oil.
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B. Bacterial activity has been detected in the lubricating oil of the main engine fitted in the ship
aboard which you are serving as 2ndeng. Write a letter to the owner operator of the ship indicating
the action you intent to take and offer suggestion to the avoidance of future incidents
Q6. A set of indicator diagrams including draw cards has been taken for a main diesel engine.
Examine critically the following if the compression curve is normal i. The maximum pressure is
lower ; ii. The maximum pressure is higher ; iii. The expansion curve is lower; iv. The expansion
curve is higher; B. Describe how the faults as mentioned above can be rectified
Q7. With reference to auxiliary diesel engines, suggest probable causes that would create EACH of
the following conditions and state how they would be rectified: A. Knocking; B. Loss of power; C,
Loss of lubricating oil pressure
Q8. With reference to large starting air receivers:

A. Explain where corrosion is likely to occur and state why it occurs in these regions:
B. State the how the incidence of corrosion in air receivers might be minimized;
C. If serious corrosion is detected in a starting air receiver and that receiver must be used explain
how you, as Second Engineer, would determine the maximum pressure to which the receiver should
be subjected; D. State the further action a Chief engineer must take upon discovering such air
receiver corrosion.
Q9. With reference to diesel engines fitted on board ships, discuss A. Sludge formation in lubricating
oil systems, B. Role of additives in lubricating oils, C. Steps taken to ensure that treated oils are
maintained in their optimum condition, D. Adverse effects on bearing metal due to incompatibility of
lubricating oil.
FEBRUARY 2015
Q1. Explain the reason why the modern camshaft-less engines are known as intelligent engines.
Describe briefly. The advantages and reliability of such an engine in comparison with the conventional
marine diesels engines
Q2. Explain each of the following:
A. Why wear down in main bearings is critical to the condition of the crankshaft and propeller shaft
system.
B. Why total reliance is placed on frictional grip in conventional built up crankshaft
C. Why hole oils are given large fillets in crankpin and journals
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Q3. A. Outline the problems associated with effective lubrication of the liner and piston assemble
of a large slow speed engine
B. Describe the appearance and state the causes of each of the following: i. Clover leafing; ii.
Microseziure
C. Describe the composition of a cylinder oil suitable for an engine operating on residual fuel
Q4.A. State, with reasons, THREE properties required of crankcase oil which is to be used for a
trunk piston main engine; B. Explain how a representative sample of crankcase oil would be obtained
from a trunk piston engine. C. Briefly describe the action to be taken if the crankcase oil charge
cannot immediately be replaced and analysis shows (i) Water is present; (ii) Alkalinity has fallen;
(iii) Viscosity has changed appreciably; (iv) Carbon content has increased.
Q5. A.
Difficulty has been experienced in maintaining engine speed at the set value State THREE
possible causes. State how each of these causes may be detected.
B. Describe the action to be taken in order to ensure safe operation of the main engine plant in
the event of complete failure of the remote control and sensing equipment.
Q6. With respect to diesel engine control and safety, answer the following
A. How is governor different from an over speed trip; B. Explain with a sketch speed droop in a
governor; C. Explain how load is transferred to an incoming generator explaining your actions with
relation to the governors droop line.
Q7. A. Describe with aid of sketches the following types of bedplates as used for a large I.C.
engine - i. Bedplate cast in section; ii. Fabricated steel Bedplate
B. State the stresses to which these bedplates are subjected and explain how bedplates are secured
to the hull of the ship.
Q8. A. Discuss the principal forces a large diesel engine crankshaft must withstand while in service
and how the stresses resulting from these forces are kept within acceptable limits by good design
and operation criteria; B. Discuss the manner in which the crankshaft may be overstressed and the
consequences arising there from.
Q9. Misalignment of the main shafting between engine and propeller causes bearing overloads and
shaft stress; A. State the difficulties associated with checking shaft alignment and the reasons why
results are unreliable due to external factors; B. Explain with a simple sketch how a bearing load
is assessed. C. Explain how uneven loading could be rectified.
JANUARY 2015
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Q1. With reference to medium speed engine cylinder lines: A. Explain the cause and effects of
it is fitted in the liner; C. Explain the action of anti-polishing ring during the operation of the engine.
Q2. A. Sketch a Main Engine air starting system and describe how it operates. B. List the safety
devices and interlocks incorporated in such a system and state the purpose of each.
the action you intent to take and offer suggestion to the avoidance of future incidents.
Examine critically the following if the compression curve is normal - i. The maximum pressure is
lower ; ii. The maximum pressure is higher; iii. The expansion curve is lower; iv. The expansion
curve is higher; B. Describe how the faults as mentioned above can be rectified
Q7. With respect to Diesel Engines, describe the cause of - i. Piston rings that is too tight in the
piston grooves; ii. Corrosion of piston rings; iii. Piston grooves that are worn; iv. Piston rings that
is too slack with piston grooves.
B. Describe the effect of each of the faults listed above and the remedial action for each.
Q8. With reference to turbochargers - A. Explain how corrosion can occur on the gas side of a
turbocharger casing; B. Describe the process and safeguards necessary when water washing the air
side; C. Explain the possible disadvantage of water washing the gas side.
engine - i. Bedplate cast in section; ii. Fabricated steel Bedplate
B. State the stresses to which these bedplates are subjected and explain how bedplates are secured
to the hull of the Ship.
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DECEMBER 2014
effects are reduced. C. How hunting Reduced. D. How the output torque is increased.
Q3. A. Define the essential conditions, which must be satisfied by the air, supply for a pneumatic
control system; B. Sketch a control air supply arrangement and give a reasoned explanation for
positioning of dryers and filters.
Q4. Give a list of the properties or tests by which distillate and blended fuels may be specified or
decisions be made on their fitness for use. Name the properties or constituents that may be found
in a blended fuel having a high viscosity and high carbon content. Explain how they may cause
problems in engine operation.
Q6. A. Describe four different methods for reducing Nox emissions from diesel engines; B. Distinguish
between primary and secondary methods.
Q7. A. A number of main engine cylinder covers have been subjected to cracking during the
preceding four months i. Explain possible reasons for this cracking; ii. State with reasons the
action you, as Second Engineer, would take in order to reduce the possibility of future cylinder
cover cracking.
B. Cylinder liner wear has increased appreciably during the past six months. Write a brief report to
the engineering superintendent concerning this matter explaining the possible causes the immediate
action taken to deal with the problem and the action you, as Second Engineer, intend to take in
order to reduce the risk of future incidents.
Q8. A.
possible causes. State how each of these causes may be detected.

B. Describe the action to be taken in order to ensure safe operation of the main engine plant in
the event of complete failure of the remote control and sensing equipment.
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Q9: A. What are the most influential physical characteristics required of the principle bearings for
high speed, medium speed, and slow speed diesel engines? ; B. Write short notes on following i. thin bearing shells; ii. Surface finish;
iii. Fluid film lubrication; iv. Alignment.
NOVEMBER 2014
detail the part of the cycle showing the diagram. Using the diagram explain the effects of burning
liable and low grade fuels (when fuel injection timing is not altered). Explain how good ignition and
combustion can be obtained when using low grade fuel.
can be done.
single acting with reverses / reduction gear.
devices and interlocks incorporated in such a system and state the purpose of each. ALREADY
DONE 2014/SR9
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Q9. Describe how large slow speed two cycle engines are structured to withstand the following:
A. Forces due to combustion loads; B. Guide forces; C. Inertia forces
OCTOBER 2014
blades.
Q2. A. State with reasons the main causes of normal cylinder liner wear; B. State TWO forms of
abnormal liner wear, explaining how EACH may be caused; C. Explain how cylinder liner wear may
be kept within acceptable limit.
Q3. Describe with aid of sketches, a turbocharger bearing lubrication system, stating the type of
bearing employed and explaining the advantages and disadvantages of the lubricating system
described.
Q4. A. Describe the causes and effects of bacterial attack on diesel engine lubricating oil; B.
Bacterial activity has been detected in the lubricating oil of the main engine fitted in the ship
Q7. With reference to piston rings;
A. State with reasons the causes of breakage; B. State how maintenance and engine operation can
minimize breakage; C. Explain the possible consequences with respect to performance and safety
of operating the engine with broken or severely worn rings.
Q8. With respect to main boiler super heater arrangements:
A. Compare the advantages and disadvantages of contra flow with parallel flow design; B. Describe
how the element tube banks are supported yet allow for expansion; C. Describe how boiler carryover
affects super heater effectiveness and condition.
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Q9. If a main engine piston seizes in its liner at sea and it is not possible to replace the unit,
explain, in detail, what provisions are made in the engine, to enable the ship to reach port?
SEPTEMBER 2014
Q1.With reference to medium speed engine cylinder lines:
Q3.Describe the cause and effect of thermal stressing in cylinder Heads, liners and pistons. Explain
Examine critically the following if the compression curve is normal - i. The maximum pressure is
lower ; ii. The maximum pressure is higher; iii. The expansion curve is lower; iv. The expansion
curve is higher
B. Describe how the faults as mentioned above can be rectified
Q5. With respect to Diesel Engines, describe the cause of - I. Piston rings that is too tight in the
piston grooves; ii. Corrosion of piston rings; iii. Piston grooves that are worn; iv. Piston rings that
is too slack with piston grooves.
Q6. A. Describe the precaution necessary during the initial running-in of an Auxiliary Engine run on
which is newly installed or has a major overhaul; B. Explain the possible causes of oxidation of
lubricating oil; C. State the frequency with which oil samples should be taken for analysis.
Q7. With reference to turbochargers - A. Explain how corrosion can occur on the gas side of a
turbocharger casing; B. Describe the process and safeguards necessary when water washing the air
side; C. Explain the possible disadvantage of water washing the gas side.
Q8: A. What are the most influential physical characteristics required of the principle bearings for
high speed, medium speed, and slow speed diesel engines?
B. Write short notes on following - i. thin bearing shells; ii. Surface finish;
iv. Alignment.
iii. Fluid film lubrication;
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engine - i. Bedplate cast in section; ii. Fabricated steel Bedplate ; B. State the stresses to which
these bedplates are subjected and explain how bedplates are secured to the hull of the ship.
AUGUST 2014
Q1. Explain with sketches the various fitments/methods by which the crankcase of large marine
diesel engine is protected
Q2. Explain why the residual fuels for the operation of large slow speed or of medium speed
engines may be responsible for the following problems with T/C nozzles, shrouds and blades and
how in each , the problem may be minimized - A. Build-up of deposits; B. Hot corrosion; C.
Erosion.
Q3.Discuss the precautions which can be taken to minimized the possibility of a diesel engine crank
ease explosion and the transmission of dangerous flame into the machinery space - i. By design
and equipment; ii. By operating personnel
Q4. Enumerate the causes of vibration in diesel machinery and shafting. Describe procedures by
which it may be reduced by operating personnel, suitable design and devices. State the possible
effects of vibration on machinery and crewmembers.
Q5. Name the factors an engine designer considers in the selection of the compression ratio for a
compression ignition engine. Give some examples of compression ratio values.
Q6. A. State the various types of indicator diagrams that are used to assess engine performance;
B. Specify the additional data needed in conjunction with these diagrams; C. Explain, how some
abnormalities in indicator diagrams can be traced to the indicator; D. Describe the precautions
necessary to avoid indicator malfunctions.
Q7.A. State, with reasons, THREE properties required of crankcase oil which is to be used for a
from a trunk piston engine.
C. Briefly describe the action to be taken if the crankcase oil charge cannot immediately be replaced
and analysis shows - (i) Water is present; (ii) Alkalinity has fallen; (iii) Viscosity has changed
appreciably; (iv) Carbon content has increased.
preceding four months - i. Explain possible reasons for this cracking; ii. State with reasons the
cover cracking.
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B. Cylinder liner wear has increased appreciably during the past six months. Write a brief report to
the engineering superintendent concerning this matter explaining the possible causes the immediate
action taken to deal with the problem and the action you, as Second Engineer, intend to take in
order to reduce the risk of future incidents.
Q9. A.
possible causes. State how each of these causes may be detected; B. Describe the action to be
taken in order to ensure safe operation of the main engine plant in the event of complete failure
of the remote control and sensing equipment.
JULY 2014
Q1. A. Describe the procedure to be adopted for the inspection of a safety valve fitted to an
exhaust gas boiler stating, with reasons, which parts should receive particularly close attention; B.
Describe the procedure for the setting of safety valves of exhaust gas operated auxiliary boilers; C.
Explain the action a Chief Engineer should take after the setting of safety valves as in (B)
Q2: An auxiliary engine exhibits a tendency to hunt to such an extent that the engine speed
variation prohibits the connection of the machine to the switchboard. (a) Discuss the possible causes
of hunting. (b) Explain how the problem of hunting can be rectified.
Q3. A. Describe an automatic self sludging centrifuge suitable for dealing with fuel of density up to
1010 kg/m3 at 150C; B. Explain how the centrifuge described in Q1 (a) is able to remove water
from a fuel which has a density that is higher than that of water and state factors that may assist
the operation.
C. As Second Engineer, write down the start-up procedure for the centrifuge described in Q1 (a)
for the benefit of your staff; D. State how the problem of catalytic fines in fuel oil may be dealt
with.
Q4. With reference to hydraulic steering gears, sketch and describe each of the following:
A. Single failure concept; B. 100 percent redundancy.
Q5. A. State why fixed pitch propellers have a poor efficiency when going astern.
B. With reference to controllable pitch propellers state - i. Why is it preferable that the main
servomotor be housed in the propeller hub rather than in the shafting forward of the propeller shaft?
ii. What regular maintenance and checks should be carried out to ensure maximum reliability of the
gear at all times?
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Q6. Sketch and describe a boiler water level controller of the float operated type. State the reasons
for having this mechanism on the boiler and using this controller and boiler for analogy. Explain
the following terms:
A. Detecting element; B. Servo motor; C. Desired Value

Q7. Discuss the causes of corrosion and means by which corrosion of the following may be limited
by manufacturers and ships personnel respectively:
A. Internal and External surfaces of auxiliary steam lines; B. External surfaces of auxiliary boilers;
C. Water boxes of sea water coolers and condensers; D. Main sea water inlet pipes.
Q8. A. State, with reasons, the causes of fatigue cracking of engineering components; B, State,
with reasons how material and design defects can influence fatigue life. C. With reference to engine
bed plate transverse girders explain how the incidence of fatigue cracking can be minimized.
Q9. With reference to reciprocating air compressors explain why;
A. Clearance volume is critical to efficiency; B. Spring-loaded plate valves are invariably used;
C. Compression is accomplished in apparently unequal stages; D. Inter cooling is used between
stages.
JUNE 2014
Q1. Describe the main engine shaft engine generator arrangement with an electronic system for
frequency correction. Describe he operation of the generator arrangement so sketched.
Q2. A. If an auxiliary diesel generator over-speeds and runs away while off the load, explain: i. How it can be stopped; ii. What is likely to be the reasons for the failure?
B. Give-details of what cheeks are made after the machine has been stopped: (i) Mechanically, (ii)
Electrically.
Q3. The analysis of oil may be used as a method of monitoring the condition of the equipment
that it lubricates
A. Explain briefly how shore analysts might test the oil; B. State the type of information that would
be expected; C. Give possible reasons for an excess of: - i. Iron, ii. Copper, iii. Antimony Iv. Tin,
v. Silica
Q4. During a routine crankcase inspection a main engine top end bearing is found to be wiped
and subsequent inspection shows that the pin is badly scored.
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A. Explain in detail the action which should be taken to enable the engine to be safety operated
so that the vessel may reach a port where effective repair facilities are available.
B. State with reasons the factors which influence the speed at which the engine may be safely
operated.
Q5. A diesel generator when fitted in a machinery space which is periodically unmanned may be
equipped with monitoring alarms of the exhaust temperatures. Discuss the relative merits of
A. Individual cylinder maximum temperature alarms; B. Individual cylinder maximum and minimum
temperature alarms;
C. Individual cylinder maximum temperature alarm and an alarm for any two cylinders exhaust
temperatures deviating more than 35C. Explain how arrangement C can be provided for.
Q6. With reference to behaviour of fabricated bed plates and frames in services:
A.I dentify various forces imposed simultaneously upon them; B. Explain how engine structure
withstands these forces; C. State how these forces are transferred to ships structure
Q7. Describe the process of inspecting the running gear of a main diesel engine. What is the
purpose of such an inspection and what defects may be found?
Q8. Explain the term cascade control and sketch such a sytsem suitable for use with a main
engine jacket cooling water system. Show the variation of pressure and temperature at major points
of the system.
Q9. Draw a line diagram of a complete feed water system for an auxiliary boiler labelling all the
principal items and showing the direction of flow in all lines. B. Explain how the feed supply to
the boiler is regulated; C. State what means are provided to prevent oil contamination of the feed
water.
APRIL 2014
Q1. As second engineer you have been requested to obtain a set of indicator card (diagram) from
the large slow speed engine of a recently purchased second hand ship
A. Describe your initial checks and preparations; B. State with reason the types of card you would
consider necessary and explain the procedure for obtaining these; C. State in order of importance
the additional information required with the card ; D. State your procedure for analysis of the cards
and obtaining cylinder powers.
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Q2. A. How is the cylinder lubricators fitted in a large marine diesel engine that has a water
jacket? B. Where is the location of the lubricator outlet in relation to the piston rings on the
piston? C. Why is this position necessary?
Q4: With reference to Turbo-Chargers;
A. Explain why when surging occurs, the speed off the turbocharger is seen to change slightly; B.
Give examples of defects likely to result in surging; C. Explain in simple terms what occurs in a
turbocharger and the diesel engine as the speed / power increases. Based on the explanation what
is meant by matching of T/C with an engine? D. State the advantage of fitting uncooled turbochargers.
Q5. A. Describe briefly the operation of an electrical or hydraulic main engine governor
B.
For the type described indicate how failure can occur and the action to be taken if immediate
correction cannot be achieved and the engine must be operated.
Q6. With reference to a particular make of main propulsion unit, describe how the engine is reverse
manually and discuss the problems involved and the safety precautions which would be required if
the control were operated remote from the machinery space.
Q7. With respect to Diesel Engines, describe the cause of -
i. Piston rings that is too tight in
the piston grooves; ii. Corrosion of piston rings; iii. Piston grooves that are worn; iv. Piston rings
that is too slack with piston grooves.
which is newly installed or has a major overhaul; B. Explain the possible causes of oxidation of
lubricating oil; C. State the frequency with which oil samples should be taken for analysis.
Q9. With reference to main engine tie rod explain.
A. Effect on main engine in case slack; B. Identifying slackness; C. Material; D. Tightening procedure.
MARCH 2014
Q1. With reference to torsional vibrations in a main propulsion installation based on medium speed
the possible effects and damage that could result; Discuss the methods employed to minimise the
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potential problems associate with torsional vibration; Describe how the natural vibration frequency of
Q2. Explain why the use if residual fuels following problems occur in turbocharger nozzles shrouds
and blades, their effects on turbocharger operation and remedies - A. Deposits; B. Hot corrosion;
C. Erosion.
Q3: A. Sketch and describe a pneumatic control system for controlling temperature of main engine
lubricating oil outlet of the cooler ; B. Explain why air supplied to the pneumatic control system
must be free from dust and water;
C. Describe how above impurities are removed; State the consequences if the air supplied is
contaminated
Q4. A. Describe the method of setting the safety valves of an exhaust gas boiler at sea. State
the limits in terms of %age above maximum design working pressure for setting safety valves; B.
State the formality necessary when Chief engineer sets the safety valves.
Q5. A. As 2nd Engineer describe the procedure involved in the complete inspection of a cylinder
liner and piston assembly, indicating areas of significant interest; B. Explain with reasons possible
faults which might be found; C. Suggest how such faults might be avoided.
Q6. Describe in detail the causes and conditions that - A. Create an explosive atmosphere in a
crankcase; B. Initiate a primary explosion; C. Propagate a secondary explosion; State how hazardous
conditions can be avoided.
Q7. Same as Q1.

A. Explain where corrosion is likely to occur and state why it occurs in these regions; B. State the
how the incidence of corrosion in air receivers might be minimized; C. If serious corrosion is
detected in a starting air receiver and that receiver must be used explain how you, as Second
Engineer, would determine the maximum pressure to which the receiver should be subjected; D.
State the further action a Chief engineer must take upon discovering such air receiver
Q9: In the case of main propulsion engine explain the indications and possible effects which might
to expect from- A. Insufficient bearing clearances; B. Excessive bearing clearances; C. Crankshaft
misalignment
FEBRUARY 2014
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Q4. A. Define the essential conditions, which must be satisfied by the air supply for a pneumatic
shaft stress.
A. State the difficulties associated with checking shaft alignment and the reasons why results are
unreliable due to external factors; B. Explain with a simple sketch how a bearing load is assessed;
C. Explain how uneven loading could be rectified.
Q9. A. With the aid of a block diagram describe the operation of an electronic governor fitted to
an auxiliary diesel engine. B. An engine fitted with an electronic governor during load changes.
Explain the possible causes.
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JANUARY 2014
Q1. A. State with reasons the main causes of normal cylinder liner wear; B. State TWO forms of
abnormal liner wear, explaining how EACH may be caused; C. Explain how cylinder liner wear may
be kept within acceptable limit
Q2. Describe with aid of sketches, a turbocharger bearing lubrication system, stating the type of
described. One of the turbochargers of the main engine on the vessel aboard which you are serving
as second engineer has suffered a sudden and unexpected failure. Write a letter to the ship
owner/operator concerning the incident and stating the action taken in bringing the turbocharger back
into service.
shaft stress.
Q5. A. Sketch a Main Engine air starting system and describe how it operates.
B. List the safety devices and interlocks incorporated in such a system and state the purpose of
each.
Q7. With reference to piston rings - A. State with reasons the causes of breakage; B. State how
Q8. With respect to main boiler super heater arrangements - A. Compare the advantages and
disadvantages of contra flow with parallel flow design; B. Describe how the element tube banks are
supported yet allow for expansion; C. Describe how boiler carryover affects super heater effectiveness
and condition.
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DECEMBER 2013
Q1. A. Explain the term Variable Injection Timing (VIT) when applied to fuel pumps and state why
a change in timing of fuel injection may be required.; B. Describe, with the aid of sketches a VIT
fuel pump and explain how the change in trimming is achieved whilst the pump is in operation; C.
Explain how it may be determined that individual fuel pumps are injecting the correct quantity of
fuel with the correct timing at a particular pump setting.
Q2. A report on the analysis of the main crosshead engine crankcase lubricating oil indicates the
following contaminants or property changes. In EACH of the following cases give reasons for the
possible causes of the contamination or property change, explaining how the actual cause would be
detected;
The presence of fresh water;
Reduced anti oxidation reserve.
White metal fragments;
Reduced alkalinity reserve;
Q3. Discuss the effect on main engine operation of the use of low grade fuel and in particular
refer to causes and prevent of liner wear. Crankshaft corrosion of exhaust space; Corrosion of
exhaust space.
Q4. With respect to medium speed auxiliary power generating 4 stroke medium speed diesel engines:
A. Explain how the cylinder liners are effectively lubricated; B. Explain how the standby engine is
maintained in a condition ready to be started immediately; C. Describe how the engine is changed
from HFO operation to DO operation when running.
Q5. Describe with reference to mechanical/hydraulic governors explain:
Q6. During a routine crankcase inspection, a main engine top end bearing is found to be wiped
B. A. Explain in detail the action, which should be taken to enable the engine to be safety operated
so that the vessel may reach a port where effective repair facilities are available; B. State with
reasons the factors, which influence the speed at which the engine may be safely operated.
Q7. With reference to main engine starting and reversing: Define the function of air distributors;
Give reasons why air distributors are not fitted to some large direct reversing engines.
Q8. A. Describe how to 'blow down and 'open up' an boiler for inspection; B. Identify with reasons
those parts which normally require especially close examination during internal inspection.
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Q9. With reference to UMS engine remote control and monitoring system, A. In the event of
complete failure of such monitoring and; control systems state, with reasons, how you; as Second
Engineer, would organize the engine room Staff to ensure safe operation of the engine during Normal deep sea conditions, Manoeuvring; State, with reasons, SIX important engine parameters
which should be manually; monitored following failure of the UMS system; Explain how the cause
of failure of the UMS system may be traced
NOVEMBER 2013
blades.
Q2. With reference to medium speed engine cylinder lines -
A. Explain the cause and effects of
Q4. A. Sketch a Main Engine air starting system and describe how it operates; B. List the safety
Q6. A. Describe the causes and effects of bacterial attack on diesel engine lubricating oil; B.
shaft stress.
Q8 SAME AS Q4
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preceding four months - i. Explain possible reasons for this cracking; ii. State with reasons the
cover cracking; B. Cylinder liner wear has increased appreciably during the past six months. Write
a brief report to the engineering superintendent concerning this matter explaining the possible causes
the immediate action taken to deal with the problem and the action you, as Second Engineer,
intend to take in order to reduce the risk of future incidents.
OCTOBER 2013
detail the part of the cycle showing 011 tiles diagram. Using the diagram explains the effects of
burning liable and low grade fuels (when fuel injection timing is not altered). Explain how good
ignition and combustion can be obtained when using low grade fuel.
can be done.
Q5. With reference to medium speed engine cylinder lines - A. Explain the cause and effects of
Q7. A. Sketch a Main Engine air starting system and describe how it operates.
B. List the safety devices and interlocks incorporated in such a system and state the purpose of
each.
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Q9. Describe how large slow speed two cycle engines are structured to withstand the following:
A. Forces due to combustion loads; B. Guide forces; C. Inertia forces
SEPTEMBER 2013
Q1. Describe with the aid of sketches an arrangement for operating the fuel valve of a heavy oil
engine. Explain how the timing is affected and the supply of fuel regulated to suit varying load.
Q2: What is the difference between pulse, and constant pressure turbo-charging as applied to a
compression ignition engine?
Sketch and describe one of these systems. What additional air
charging arrangements may be provided for use when the main engine is being started at low
speeds?
Q3. A. Compare the advantages of forged and built-up crankshafts with special reference to the
magnitude of the stresses in the cranks; B. How would you check the deflections by means of a
dial gauge through one revolution of the shaft? C. How are the readings obtained interpreted? D.
How wear is down measured?
Q4. A. How is the cylinder lubricators fitted in a large marine diesel engine that has a water
jacket? B. Where is the location of the lubricator outlet in relation to the piston rings on the
piston? C. Why is this position necessary?
Q5. A. What limits the power in a cylinder of a given size? B. State the results if an attempt to
raise the power by injecting more fuel into the cylinder is made

Q7. With reference to medium speed engine cylinder lines - A. Explain the cause and effects of
it is fitted in The liner; C. Explain the action of anti-polishing ring during the operation of the
engine.
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AUGUST 2013
A. How is governor different from an over speed trip; B. Explain with a sketch speed droop in a
relation to the governors droop line.
Q2. Explain why the following problems occur in turbocharger nozzles shrouds and blades, their
effects on turbocharger operation and remedies - Deposits; B. Hot corrosion; C. Erosion.
Q3. Discuss the precautions which can be taken to minimized the possibility of a diesel engine
crank ease explosion and the transmission of dangerous flame into the machinery space A. By
design and equipment; B. By operating personnel
compression migration engine. Give some examples of compression ratio values.
Q6.A. State the various type of indicator diagrams that are used to assess engine performance; B.
Specify the additional data needed in conjunction with these diagrams; C. explain how some
Q7. A. State, with reasons, THREE properties required of crankcase oil which is to be used for a
from a trunk piston engine; C. Briefly describe the action to be taken if the crankcase oil charge
cannot immediately be replaced and analysis shows - (i) Water is present; (ii) Alkalinity has fallen;
(iii) Viscosity has changed appreciably;
(iv) Carbon content has increased.
preceding four months.
Explain possible reasons for this cracking. (ii) State with reasons the action you, as Second Engineer,
would take in order to reduce the possibility of future cylinder cover cracking; B. Cylinder liner wear
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has increased appreciably during the past six months. Write a brief report to the engineering
superintendent concerning this matter explaining the possible causes the immediate action taken to
deal with the problem and the action you, as Second Engineer, intend to take in order to reduce
the risk of future incidents.
Q9. A. Difficulty has been experienced in maintaining engine speed at the set value State THREE
JULY 2013
Q2. With reference to piston rings - A. State with reasons the causes of breakage; B. State how
Q3. With respect to main boiler super heater arrangements - Compare the advantages and
disadvantages of contra flow with parallel flow design Describe how the element tube banks are
supported yet allow for expansion Describe how boiler carryover affects super heater effectiveness
and condition.
Q5. Describe, with the aid of sketches, an arrangement for operating the fuel
pump of a heavy
oil engine, explaining how the timing is effected and the supply of fuel regulated to suit varying
loads.
Q6. With reference to mechanical/hydraulic governors explain:
A. Why flyweights are driven at a higher rotational speed than the engine; B. How dead band
effects are reduced; C. How hunting is reduced ; D. How the output torque is increased.
Q7. With reference to medium speed engine cylinder lines: Explain the cause and effects of Polishing
or glazing;
A. Describe, with the aid of sketches, an anti-polishing ring and explain how it is fitted in The
liner; B. Explain the action of anti-polishing ring during the operation of the engine.
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JUNE 2013
Q1. A. Describe clearly how you would deal with a fire in the scavenge space of a marine diesel
engine; . Explain the cause of such fires and state the measures which can be taken to limit their
occurrence?
Q2: Describe with the aid of sketches a turbocharger lubrication system; stating the type of bearing
Q3. State with reasons the main causes of normal cylinder liner wear; State TWO forms of abnormal
liner wear, explaining how EACH may be caused; Explain how cylinder liner wear may be kept
within acceptable limit
Q4.Give reasoned opinion as to the validity of the following - Hydraulic operation of fuel injectors
is to be referred to mechanical operation; Combustion conditions within the cylinder are a good
indication of injector condition; Inadequate fuel filtration is the principle cause of injector malfunction.
Q5. Assume you are instructed to submit to superintendent engineer a complete set of indicator
cards together with relevant data. Give full account of your work in taking the cards and preparing
them for submission; Tabulate the data you forward, both that extracted from the cards and otherwise
obtained. Giving typical figures from a large 2 stroke slow speed main propulsion unit.
Q6. Recent experience has shown persistence damage occurring on seating faces of main engine
exhaust valve, which is not confined to any particular unit; State with reason the possible causes;
State the short term action to be taken in order to minimize engine operational problem; State with
reason how future incident of this nature could be minimized
Q7. Describe the causes and effects of bacterial attack on diesel engine lubricating oil. Bacterial
activity has been detected in the lubricating oil of the main engine fitted in the ship aboard which
you are serving as 2ndeng. Write a letter to the owner operator of the ship indicating the action
you intent to take and offer suggestion to the avoidance of future incidents.
shaft stress; State the difficulties associated with checking shaft alignment and the reasons why
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results are unreliable due to external factors; Explain with a simple sketch how a bearing load is
assessed; Explain how uneven loading could be rectified.
APRIL 2013
blades.
or glazing;
devices and interlocks incorporated in such a system and state the purpose of eache.
Q4. Define the cause and effect of thermal stresses in cylinder heads, liners and pistons; Explain
why thermal stresses are aggravated with increase in cylinder bore. Explain how stress concentration
and its effects are relieved by maintenance and operational Practices.
Q5. A. A set of indicator diagram including draw cards has been taken for a main diesel engine;
examine critically, the following if the compression curve is normal - The maximum pressure is
lower; The maximum pressure is higher; The expansion curve is lower; The expansion curve is
higher; B. Describe how the faults as mentioned above can be rectified.
the following conditions and state how they would be rectified - Knocking; Loss of power; Loss of
lubricating oil pressure
Explain where corrosion is likely to occur and state why it occurs in these regions; State the how
the incidence of corrosion in air receivers might be minimized; If serious corrosion is detected in a
starting air receiver and that receiver must be used explain how you, as Second Engineer, would
determine the maximum pressure to which the receiver should be subjected.
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Q8. With reference to diesel engines fitted on board ships, discuss Sludge formation in lubricating
oil systems, Role of additives in lubricating oils,Steps taken to ensure that treated oils are maintained
in their optimum condition, Adverse effects on bearing metal due to incompatibility of lubricating oil.
Q9. Discuss the consequences of failure to maintain correct clearances in the case of main diesel
engine crankshaft and bottom end bearings.
Sketch a bottom end bearing paying particular attention
to the arrangement of ensuring uninterrupted flow of oil to the top end bearing.
MARCH 2013
Q1.Describe with aid of sketches the following types of bedplates as used for a large I.C. engine;
Bedplate cast in section; Fabricated steel Bedplate State the stresses to which these bedplates are
subjected and explain how bedplates are secured to the hull of the ship.
Q2. Discuss the principal forces a large diesel engine crankshaft must withstand while in service
and operation criteria.
Q4. Draw an out of phase diagram for a large 2-stroke slow speed cycle engine. Describe in
detail the part of the cycle showing 011 tiles diagram; Using the diagram explains the effects of
burning liable and low grade fuels (when fuel injection timing is not altere D. Explain how good
Q5. Sketch and describe the flywheel for a large diesel engine; State its purpose and indicate how
it is fitted; State why a Flywheel can be made lighter on a large diesel engine.
Q6: Explain why the use of residual fuels for the operation of large slow speed or of medium
speed engines, may be responsible for the following problems with turbocharger nozzles, shrouds
and blades and how in
corrosion; C. Erosion
each, the problem may be minimized : - A. Build-up of deposits; B. Hot
Q7: Describe the method of setting the safety valves of an exhaust gas boiler at sea.State the
limits in terms of %age above maximum design working pressure for setting safety valves. State
the formality necessary when Chief engineer sets the safety valves.
Q8. A. As 2nd Engineer describe the procedure involved in the complete inspection of a cylinder
liner and piston assembly, indicating areas of significant interest. B. Explain with reasons possible
faults which might be found. C. Suggest how such faults might be avoided.
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Q9. Describe in detail the causes and conditions that; A. Create an explosive atmosphere in a
crankcase. B. Initiate a primary explosion. C. Propagate a secondary explosion; State how hazardous
FEBRUARY 2013
Q1 A. State FOUR operational conditions that may lead to vibration of the main transmission
shafting; B. Suggest methods to reduce the vibration levels that may occur in the main transmission
shafting.
Q2. What limits the power in a cylinder of a given size? State the results if an attempt to raise
the power by injecting more fuel into the cylinder is made
Q3. With reference to mechanical/hydraulic governors explain:
A. Why flyweights are driven at a higher rotational speed than the engine; B. How dead band
effects are reduced; C. How hunting is reduced; D. How the output torque is increased.
Q4. Describe clearly how you would deal with a fire in the scavenge space of a marine diesel
engine; Explain the cause of such fires and state the measures which can be taken to limit their
occurrence?
Q5: Describe with the aid of sketches a turbocharger lubrication system; stating the type of bearing
Q6. State with reasons the main causes of normal cylinder liner wear; State TWO forms of abnormal
liner wear, explaining how EACH may be caused; Explain how cylinder liner wear may be kept
within acceptable limit
Q7.Give reasoned opinion as to the validity of the following; Hydraulic operation of fuel injectors is
to be referred to mechanical operation; Combustion conditions within the cylinder are a good
indication of injector condition; Inadequate fuel filtration is the principle cause of injector malfunction.
Q8. Explain in detail the main engine problem that may arise due to fuel catalytic fines and the
best ship board practice that may be adopted to combat the problem.
JANUARY 2013
Q1. A, Describe four different methods for reducing Nox emissions from diesel engines; B. Distinguish
between primary and secondary methods.
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Q2: A. State, with reasons, THREE properties required of crankcase oil which is to be used for a
(iii) Viscosity has changed appreciably;
(iv) Carbon content has increased.
(i) Explain possible reasons for this cracking.; (ii) State with reasons the action you, as Second
Engineer, would take in order to reduce the possibility of future cylinder cover cracking; B. Cylinder
liner wear has increased appreciably during the past six months.
Write a brief report to the
engineering superintendent concerning this matter explaining the possible causes the immediate action
taken to deal with the problem and the action you, as Second Engineer, intend to take in order
to reduce the risk of future incidents.
A. How is governor different from an over speed trip; B. Explain with a sketch "speed droop" in a
relation to the governor's "droop line".
Q6:What are the most influential physical characteristics required of the principle beatings for high
speed, medium speed, and slow speed diesel engines? Write short notes on following - Tiling beating
shells; Surface finish; Fluid film lubrication; Alignment.
Q7. Describe with aid of sketches the following types of bedplates as used for a large I.C. engine:
Bedplate cast in section; Fabricated steel Bedplate State the stresses to which these bedplates are
Q9. Explain the modern methods of turbo charging available such as
A. Pulse converter system; B. Sequential turbo charging; C. Two stage turbo charging; D. Variable
geometry turbochargers.
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DECEMBER 2012
Q1. Sketch and describe the arrangement of a main engine camshaft chain.
procedure following fracture of one chain link during operation of the engine.
Describe the repair
Give possible reasons
A. State with reasons the causes of breakage; B. State how maintenance and engine operation can
minimize breakage; C. Explain the possible consequences with respect to performance and safety
of operating the engine with broken or severely worn rings; D. Name a few recent developments
with respect to their design & positioning
corrosion; C. Erosion
Q4.
each, the problem may be minimized : A. Build-up of deposits; B. Hot
Discuss the precautions which can be taken to minimized the possibility of a diesel engine
Q5.Sketch and describe a system of control for maneuvering a main diesel engine from the bridge
and show local control may be affected in case of breakdown of the system.
Q8.A. State the various type of indicator diagrams that are used to assess engine performance; B.
Q9. Define the cause and effect of thermal stresses in cylinder heads, liners and pistons. Explain
NOVEMBER 2012
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corrosion; C. Erosion.
each, the problem may be minimized : A. Build-up of deposits; B. Hot
Q2: Sketch and describe a pneumatic control system for controlling temperature of main engine
lubricating oil outlet of the cooler and Explain why air supplied to the pneumatic control system
must be free from dust and water; Describe how above impurities are removed; State the
consequences if the air supplied is contaminated
Q4: A. As 2nd Engineer describe the procedure involved in the complete inspection of a cylinder
Q5: Describe in detail the causes and conditions that; A. Create an explosive atmosphere in a
crankcase. B. Initiate a primary explosion. C. Propagate a secondary explosion;State how hazardous
Q6.
A.
If an auxiliary diesel generator over-speeds and runs away while off the load, explain:
- How it can be stopped and what is likely to be the reasons for the failure? B.
Give-details
of what cheeks are made after the machine has been stopped: (i) Mechanically, (ii) Electrically.
Q9. Define the cause and effect of thermal stresses in cylinder heads, liners and pistons.
Explain
SEPTEMBER 2012
A. Why fly weights are driven at a higher rotational speed than the engine; B. How dead band
effects are reduced; C. How hunting Reduced; D. How the output torque is increased.
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or glazing;
a proposed new ship - 2 stroke single acting cross head type slow speed engine; 4 stroke single
acting with reverses / reduction gear.
Q4: A. Define the essential conditions, which must be satisfied by the air supply for a pneumatic
control system. Sketch a control air supply arrangement and give a reasoned explanation for
Q6: Describe the causes and effects of bacterial attack on diesel engine lubricating oil. Bacterial
shaft stress.
State the difficulties associated with checking shaft alignment and the reasons why results are
unreliable due to external factors; Explain with a simple sketch how a bearing load is assessed.;
Explain how uneven loading could be rectified.
AUGUST 2012
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Q1. Sketch and describe the arrangement of a main engine camshaft chain.
Describe the repair
State with reasons the causes of breakage; State how maintenance and engine operation can
minimize breakage; Explain the possible consequences with respect to performance and safety of
operating the engine with broken or severely worn rings; Name a few recent developments with
respect to their design & positioning

Compare the advantages and disadvantages of contra flow with parallel flow design Describe how
the element tube banks are supported yet allow for expansion Describe how boiler carryover affects
super heater effectiveness and condition.
Q4. It is noted in engines burning heavy fuel that the top of the piston crown may waste and
gradually burn away.
What is done to rectify this condition?
Q6. Describe, with the aid of sketches, an arrangement for operating the fuel valve of a heavy oil
engine, explaining how the timing is effected and the supply of fuel regulated to suit varying loads.
Q7. What is the difference between pulse, and constant pressure turbo-charging as applied to a
Sketch and describe one of these systems.
What additional air
speeds?
Q8. With the aid of a block diagram describe the operation of an electronic governor for an internal
combustion engine; State THREE problems to which such a governor is prone and explain how
EACH becomes evident;
In the event of the governor on a direct drive engine becoming inoperative
state the action you, as Second Engineer, would take in order to ensure safe operation of the
engine.
Q9. Sketch and describe the motor of a turbe-charge ashowing the gloands arilized to ensure air
and gas tightness. Discuss the consideration
may break down in seawage
leating of suitable motor bearings, how the bearings
JULY 2012
Q1. Describe the causes and effects of bacterial attack on diesel engine lubricating oil.
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shaft stress. State the difficulties associated with checking shaft alignment and the reasons why
results are unreliable due to external factors; Explain with a simple sketch how a bearing load is
assessed; Explain how uneven loading could be rectified.
Explain possible reasons for this cracking; State with reasons the action you, as Second Engineer,
would take in order to reduce the possibility of future cylinder cover cracking; Cylinder liner wear
has increased appreciably during the past six months.
Write a brief report to the engineering
possible causes. State how each of these causes may be detected. B. Describe the action to be
Q8.
A.
If an auxiliary diesel generator over-speeds and runs away while off the load, explain:
- How it can be stopped.; What is likely to be the reasons for the failure? B. Give-details of what
cheeks are made after the machine has been stopped: (i) Mechanically, (ii) Electrically.
Q9. With reference to main engine stalling and reversing: Define the function of air distributors;
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JUNE 2012
Q1. With reference to bottom end bolts for medium speed four stroke engines:
Explain why bottom end bolts will ultimately fail under normal operating conditions; Identify the
features incorporated into bolt design to inhibit failure; Describe, as Second Engineer, your strategy
for preventing bolt failure.
Q2. With reference to crankcase diaphragm glands Explain why effectiveness deteriorates in service
Describe the procedure for renewal of parts so that efficiency is restored; Describe how effectiveness
is restored if spares are unavailable; Explain the functions of the upper, and lower sections.
Q3. Whilst operating in heavy weather the main engine loses power and misfires. Investigation
shows considerable quantities of water in the fuel.
A. State, with reasons, the immediate action you as Second Engineer would take to ensure the
safe operation of the main engine; B. State, with reasons, the possible place where water could
enter the fuel system; C. State, with reasons, the standing instructions you as Second Engineer
would issue with respect to the operation of the fuel system in order to prevent major problems
due to water in the fuel.

Q8. A. If ail auxiliary diesel generator over-speeds and runs away while off the load, explain: - How
it can be stopped; What is likely to be the reasons for the failure?; B. Give-details of what cheeks
are made after the machine has been stopped: (i) Mechanically, (ii) Electrically.
Q9. With reference to main engine stalling and reversing: Define the function of air distributors.
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APRIL 2012
blades.
or glazing;
a proposed new ship - 2 stroke single acting cross head type slow speed engine; 4 stroke single
Q6. A. Describe with sketches a scroll type fuel pump; B. Explain how the quantity of fuel is
metered and how the governor cut out functions; C. State how this type of pump is set after
overhaul; D. State the reasons that necessitate pump overhaul
Q7. Describe how large slow speed two cycle engines are structured to withstand the following Forces due to combustion loads; Guide forces; Inertia forces
Q8.Describe three ways in which each of the following defects would reveal itself during full power
operation of an engine - Cracked liner, Defective fuel valve. Overheated bottom end bearing,
Inefficient turbocharger
Q9. It is discovered that delivery of air from a turbocharger has fallen even though engine fuel
control has not been changed. State with reasons - The causes of such reduced delivery; The
effects of this reduced air supply on the engine; The immediate action to be taken; How future
incidents might be minimized.
MARCH 2012
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Q1. Give that ignition quality of fuels bunkered at different may way
State how variation of fuel quality may be deter during dieting engine operation; Describe a fuel
pump arrangement, which will adjustment to compensate for variation of fuel quality; Explain the
possible consequence of using fuel with good ignition quality without compensation.
Q2. Explain with the aid of sketches, the cycle of operation of either a free pistons or an open
cycle gas turbine installation. Discuss is advantages and limitations as the main means of propulsion
on a ship as compared to conventional marine machinery.
Q3. With the aid of a black diagram describe the operation of an electronic governor fitted to an
auxiliary diesel engine; An engine fitted with an electronic governor during load changes. Explain
the possible causes.
Q4. Make a diagrammatic sketch of one unit of sulzer engine of the cross head type showing the
arrangement of the cylinder ports. Describe briefly the arrangement and explain how scavenging is
affected
Q5. Sketch and describe the motor of a turbe-charge ashowing the gloands realized to ensure air
and gas tightness. Discuss the considernating

may break down in sewr
Q6.
leating of suitable motor bearings, how the bearings
Discuss the importance of correct cylinder lubrication in a large diesel engine, explaining the
possible consequences of both over and under lubrication.
Describe the qualities required in a
cylinder lubricant for use in an engine burning high viscosity (heavy) fuel oil.
Comment on the
timing of the injection of the lubricant in relation to the working cycle of the engine. Changes, if
any, in the quality of the cylinder lubricating oil used for a large arrange diesel engine, with the
imposition of Annex IV of MARPOL
Q7. With reference to bottom end bolts for medium speed four stroke engines - Explain why bottom
end bolts will ultimately fail under normal operating conditions; Identify the features incorporated into
bolt design to inhibit failure; Describe, as Second Engineer, your strategy for preventing bolt failure.
Q8. Define the term fatigue as applied to engineering components.
Explain how fatigue failure is influenced by the presence of slag in welds; Define the term residual
stress and explain how this can influence the fatigue life of a component; During a crankcase
inspection a crack has been discovered in the lower section of a bed plate transverse girder.
Explain the action you, as Chief Engineer, would take to ensure safe operation the engine if facilities
to repair the damage were not immediately available.
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would take in order to reduce the possibility of future cylinder cover cracking; Cylinder liner wear
FEBRUARY 2012
Q1. Describe how each of the following procedure may be accomplished by bridge control equipment
for a direct reversing 2 stroke diesel engine - Setting the direction of rotation; Starting; Controlling
speed
oil systems, Role of additives in lubricating oils, Steps taken to ensure that treated oils are
maintained in their optimum condition, Adverse effects on bearing metal due to incompatibility of
lubricating oil.
Q5. Give a reasoned explanation why some marine diesel engines might continue to run ahead on
the astern cams following a reversal of the controls. Sketch and describe an arrangement designed
to prevent this happening.
Q6. Discuss the consequences of failure to maintain correct clearances in the case of main diesel
Q7. Severe engine vibration has recently become evident when the main engine for which you are
responsible operates within a certain speed range - State, with reasons, the possible causes of
such vibration; State the consequences of operating the engine under such vibratory conditions;
Describe the procedure you. As Second Engineer, would implement in order to investigate and
rectify the problem.
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Q8.Sketch the profiles of cams for each of the following duties, stating the type of engine concerned
and giving reasons in each case for the particular profile shown - Jerk type fuel pump; Exhaust
valve; Mechanically operated fuel valve; Starting air valve.
JANUARY 2012
blades.
or glazing;
A. Describe, with the aid of sketches, an anti-polishing ring and explain how it is fitted in the liner;
B. Explain the action of anti-polishing ring during the operation of the engine.
a proposed new ship. 2stroke single acting cross head type slow speed engine. 4stroke single
devices and interlocks incorporated in such a system and state the purpose of cache.
Q6. A. A set of indicator diagram including draw cards has been taken for a main diesel engine,
higher; Describe how the faults as mentioned above can be rectified.
Q7. A. With respect to Diesel Engines, describe the cause of
Piston rings that is too tight in the piston grooves; Corrosion of piston rings; Piston grooves that
are worn; Piston rings that is too slack with piston grooves; Describe the effect of each of the
faults listed above and the remedial action for each.
which is newly installed or has a major overhaul. B. Explain the possible causes of oxidation of
lubricating oil.C. State the frequency with which oil samples should be taken for analysis.
Q9. With reference to turbochargers.
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Explain how corrosion can occur on the gas side of a turbocharger casing; Describe the process
and safeguards necessary when water washing the air side; Explain the possible disadvantage of
water washing the gas side.
DECEMBER 2011
Q1. Many modern turbochargers use sleeve type bearings for rotor support.
Explain the reasons for their preference over the rolling contact bearings; With a sketch describe
the lubricating system provided for this type; In a turbocharger with integral type of bearings, describe
the procedure for renewing the bearings.
Q2. Main engine fuel injection system required a lot of attention to ensure optimum performance.
As the Chief engineer of a 15 year old vessel which has receatly been bought by your company
you have found that the main engine fuel system had been poorly maintained. Explain the steps
you will take to ensure good standards are brought back. Your answer should be comprehensive,
starting from ordering of bunkers.
Q3. With reference to U.M.S. operation:
State with reasons the essential requirements for unattended machinery spaces; As Chief Engineer,
describe how you would respond to the irretrievable failure of the machinery space fire alarm system
whilst the ship is on voyage.
Q7. A. Explain how static and dynamic imbalance of crankshafts can be overcome. B. Discuss the
methods employed to obtain primary, reciprocating balance in an engine and plain why they are
not completely successful. C. Describe engine additions which may be fitted to overcome problems
resulting from primary or secondary imbalance.
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Q8. A. State, with reasons FOUR possible causes of an engine failing to turn over engine control
is moved to the start position.
B. Explain how the cause of an engine failing to turn over on air
may be traced. C. Explain how local manual is achieved in the event of failure of the remote
control system fitted to a marine diesel engine. D. State the procedure involved in achieving manual
reversal of a marine diesel engine.
Q9. Discuss the importance of correct cylinder lubrication in a large diesel engine, explaining the
Comment on the
timing of the injection of the lubricant in relation to the working cycle of the engine.
Changes, if any, in the quality of the cylinder lubricating oil used for a large arrange desel engine,
with the imposition of Annex IV of MARPOL.
NOVEMBER 2011
Q1. Describe the procedure in lining up an engine bedplate, main bearings, gear box, thrust block,
propeller shafting and tail-end shaft, assuming this to be a new ship.
Q2. Sketch and describe a fuel injector for a diesel engine; State four parameter that indicate fuel
injectors require immediate overhaul.
Q3. It has been found necessary to completely replenish all of the oil in the lubricating system of
a large motor ship. (Or steam turbine ship). As chief engineer write a detailed report to the
Superintendent Engineer justifying this heavy expenditure, the expediencies required to prevent further
trouble during the voyage, and suggestions for permanent measures to avoid recurrence of the initial
problem.
Q4. Compare the advantages of forged and built-up crankshafts with special reference to the
magnitude of the stresses in the cranks; How would you check the deflections by means of a dial
gauge through one revolution of the shaft? How are the readings obtained interpreted?
Q5. Why are fuel pump near injectors. If lines are unequal how do you balance?
Q6. How is the cylinder lubricators fitted in a large marine diesel engine that has a water
jacket?;Where is the location of the lubricator outlet in relation to the piston rings on the piston?;
Why is this position necessary?
Q7. What limits the power in a cylinder of a given size?
State the results if an attempt to raise the power by injecting more fuel into the cylinder is made
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Q8. Sketch and describe a reversing system suitable for a set of H.F.O Engines (slow speeD.
Q9. Sketch and describe a flywheel that would be fitted to a large marine diesel engine. Show in
the sketches how it is fitted and secured. What is the purpose of the flywheel? Recently some
engine makers have considerably reduced the size of the flywheel. Explain how this can be done.
OCTOBER 2011
Q1. Explain why the following problems occur in turbocharger nozzles shrouds and blades, their
effects on turbocharger operation and remedies - Deposits; B. Hot corrosion; C. Erosion.
Q2. The fuel consumption of your ship suddenly increases for no apparent reason, Describe how
you would investigate the problem and deal with it.
Q3. It has been found that during recent periods of manoeuvring a number of air start value
bursting discs or cones have failed - Explain the possible reasons for this; Indolent how the actual
cause might be; Detected;
Q4.
Rectified
Discuss the precautions which can be taken to minimized the possibility of a diesel engine
Q5. Sketch and describe a system of control for manoeuvring a main diesel engine from the bridge
and show how local control may be effected in case of breakdown of the system.
which it may be reduced by operating
personnel, suitable design and devices. State the possible

Q8. A. same the various type f indicator diagrams that are used to assess engine performance; B.
Q9. Give a reasoned opinion as to the accuracy of the following assertions:
Absence of oil grooves in the liner wall between
the oil supply points results in increased wear
of liner and rings.

Timed lubrication has little merit
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The most suitable position of the oil supply point is immediately below the bottom piston ring with
the piston at top dead centre.
SEPTEMBER 2011
Q2. A. Outline the possible events leading to an explosion in the crankcase of a diesel engine; B.
Describe, with the aid of a sketch, the operation of a mist detector. C. State how overheating might
be indicated other than by a mist detector; D. Explain how the severity of a crankcase explosion
is limited; E. State the standing orders you as Chief Engineer would issue in the event of the mist
detector alarm actuating.
Q3. A. State how a cylinder liner is checked for wear?
B. What types of wear takes place in a cylinder liner?

place& why?
How these measurements are recorded?;

Where does the maximum wear take
Q4. A. Sketch the profiles of ahead and astern cams for a main engine fuel injector; B. Show,
using a simple sketch, how the cams are mounted on the shaft?
Q5. As second engineer you have been requested to obtain a set of indicator card Diagram) from
the large slow speed engine of a recently purchased second hand ship Describe your initial checks
and preparations. State with reason the types of card you would consider necessary and explain
the procedure for obtaining these. State in order of importance the additional information required
with the card State your procedure for analysis of the cards and obtaining cylinder power State the
procedure for Power calculation and Fault diagnosis
Q6. W.R.T. Turbo Charging system of an engine
State the parameter that you would check while taking over watch; Give specimen figures for the
above from the lasts motor ship on which you have severed ; Action to be taken in the event of
T\C vibrating abnormally
Q7. Sketch and describe a fuel injector for a diesel engine. State four parameter that indicate fuel
injectors require immediate overhaul.
Q8. Describe the process of replacing the cylinder liner in an auxiliary engine. How is water
tightness ensured and what precautions are taken before commissioning the engine?
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Q9. What are the causes for engine-room fires and what action can be taken by the watch keeper
when a vessel is in port Both before commencing a voyage and following finished with engines),
to minimize their occurrence? Describe with the aid of sketches, any devices provided to limit the
spread of such fire.
AUGUST 2011
Q1. Describe the procedure in lining up an engine bedplate, main bearings, gear box, thrust block,
propeller shafting and tail-end shaft, assuming this to be a new ship.
Q2.Sketch and describe a fuel meter used with high viscosity fuel. Explain how it operates. Explain
the value of the readings obtained and how they are used.
Q3. It has been found necessary to completely replenish all of the oil in the lubricating system of
a large motor ship. (Or steam turbine ship). As chief engineer write a detailed report to the
Superintendent Engineer justifying this heavy expenditure, the expediencies required to prevent further
trouble during the voyage, and suggestions for permanent measures to avoid recurrence of the initial
problem.
Q4. Compare the advantages of forged and built-up crankshafts with special reference to the
magnitude of the stresses in the cranks. How would you check the deflections by means of a dial
gauge through one revolution of the shaft? How are the readings obtained interpreted?
Q5. Why are fuel pump near injectors. If lines are unequal how do you balance?
Q6. How is the cylinder lubricators fitted in a large marine diesel engine that has a water
jacket? Where is the location of the lubricator outlet in relation to the piston rings on the piston? Why
is this position necessary?
Q7. What limits the power in a cylinder of a given size? State the results if an attempt to raise
the power by injecting more fuel into the cylinder is made
Q8. Sketch and describe a reversing system suitable for a set of H.F.O Engines (slow speeD.
Q9. Sketch and describe a flywheel that would be fitted to a large marine diesel engine. Show in
the sketches how it is fitted and secured. What is the purpose of the flywheel? Recently some
engine makers have considerably reduced the size of the flywheel. Explain how this can be done.
JULY 2011
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Q1: During a river passage the propeller of a light ship is rotating at dead show revolutions ahead
when it strikes a large floating object causing a momentary drop in engine revolutions.
As the
Second Engineer of the vessel describe in report format, the inspection of the vessels propulsion
and transmission system that you would supervise to ensure that is safe for the vessel to continue
in voyage.
Assume that the vessel is anchored and that no outside assistance is available.
Q2:With reference to piston rings - State with reasons the causes of breakage; State how maintenance
and engine operation can minimize breakage; Explain the possible consequences with respect to
performance and safety of operating the engine with broken or severely worn rings.
Q3.With respect to main boiler super heater arrangements - Compare the advantages and
disadvantages of contra flow with parallel flow design Describe how the element tube banks are
supported yet allow for expansion Describe how boiler carryover affects super heater effectiveness
and condition.
Q4: It is noted in engines burning heavy fuel that the top of the piston crown may waste and
Q5: If a main engine piston seizes in its liner at sea and it is not possible to replace the unit,
Q6: Describe with the aid of sketches an arrangement for operating the fuel valve of a heavy oil
engine.Explain how the timing is affected and the supply of fuel regulated to suit varying load.
Sketch and describe one of these systems.
What additional air
speeds?
Q8:An Auxiliary engine exhibits a tendency to hum to such an extent that the engine speed variation
prohibits the connection of the machine to the switch board. A. Discuss the possible causes of
hunting; B. Explain how the problem of hunting can be rectified.
Q9: Sketch and describe the arrangement of a main engine camshaft chain.
Describe the repair

JUNE 2011
each, the problem may be minimized
- A. Build up of deposits; B. Hot
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Q2: Sketch and describe a pneumatic control system for controlling temperature of main engine
lubricating oil outlet of the cooler and Explain why air supplied to the pneumatic control system
must be free from dust and water; Describe how above impurities are removed; State the
consequences if the air supplied is contaminated
Q6: With reference to tensional vibrations in a main propulsion installation based on medium speed
the possible effects and damage that could result; Discuss the methods employed to minims the
potential problems associate with tensional vibration; Describe how the nature vibration frequency of
Q7: In the case of main propulsion engine explain the indications and possible effects which might
to expected from- A. Insufficient bearing clearances; B. Excessive bearing clearances; C.Crankshaft
misalignment
Q8: Consideration has been given to running diesel machinery UMS at night. Describe the modification
and additional apparatus which would be necessary before this could be achieved with reasonable
safety.
Q9: With reference to large starting air receivers - Explain where corrosion is likely to occur and
state why it occurs in these regions; State the how the incidence of corrosion in air receivers might
be minimized; If serious corrosion is detected in a starting air receiver and that receiver must be
used explain how you, as Second Engineer, would determine the maximum pressure to which the
receiver should be subjected.
APRIL 2011
and preparations
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State with reason the types of card you would consider necessary and explain the procedure for
obtaining these. State in order of importance the additional information required with the card State
your procedure for analysis of the cards and obtaining cylinder power State the procedure for Power
calculation and Fault diagnosis
Q2: Write a report to your companys Superintendent Engineer outlining the breakdown of a diesel
generator engine and suggest remedial measures to prevent a recurrence of similar trouble.
Q3: Describe the causes and effects of bacterial attack on diesel engine lubricating oil. Bacterial
Q4: Explain why when surging occurs the speed off the turbocharger is seen to change slightly;
Give examples of defects likely to result in surging; Explain in simple terms what occurs in a
turbocharger and the diesel engine us speed / power increases, and base on this an explanation
of what matching turbocharger with an engine implies; State the advantage of fitting uncoiled
turbochargers.
Q5: A. Describe briefly the operation of an electrical or hydraulic main engine governor; B. For the
type described indicate how failure can occur and the action to be taken if immediate correction
cannot be achieved and the engine must be operated.
Q6. With
reverse
reference to a particular make of main propulsion unit, describe how the engine is
manually and discuss the problems involved and the safety precautions which would be
required if the control were operated remote from the machinery space.
Q7: A. Describe the precaution necessary during the initial running-in of an Auxiliary Engine run on
lubricating oil.C. State the frequency with which oil samples should be taken for analysis.
Q8: With reference to main engine tie rod explain; Function; Effect on main engine in case slack;
Identifying slackness; Material; Tightening procedure.
Q9. A. With respect to Diesel Engines, describe the cause of; Piston rings that is too tight in the
piston grooves; Corrosion of piston rings; Piston grooves that are worn; Piston rings that is too
slack with piston grooves. B. Describe the effect of each of the faults listed above and the remedial
action for each.
MARCH 2011
Q1. A. Describe with aid of sketches, a turbocharger bearing lubrication system, stating the type of
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described. B. One of the turbochargers of the main engine on the vessel aboard which you are
serving as second engineer has suffered a sudden and unexpected failure. Write a letter to the
ship owner/operator concerning the incident and stating the action taken in bringing the turbocharger
back into service.
Q2. You have been appointed as the Second Engineer of an eight years old vessel, recently
purchased by your shipping company.
Give details of the inspection you will carry out of the main
propulsion machinery to ensure its trouble free operation.

Q3. Express your reactions and state the subsequent investigation you would make if a laboratory
report on a used diesel engine oil sample indicated the presence of appreciable amounts of:- A.
Iron; B. Copper, antimony and tin; C. Silicon.
and preparations
Q5. List the principal main engine spares you would require for an ocean going motor-ship fitted
with a six-cylinder two-stroke engine burning heavy oil and explain the reasons for your stipulations.
Q6. Sketch and describe a system of control for manoeuvring a main diesel engine from the bridge
and show how local control may be effected in case of breakdown of the system.
Q7. A. Explain the term Variable Injection Timing (VIT) when applied to fuel pumps and state why
a change in timing of fuel injection may be required.; B. Describe, with the aid of sketches a VIT
fuel pump and explain how the change in trimming is achieved whilst the pump is in operation; C.
Explain how it may be determined that individual fuel pumps are injecting the correct quantity of
fuel with the correct timing at a particular pump setting.
Q8. A diesel generator when fitted in a machinery space which is periodically unmanned may be
equipped with monitoring alarms of the exhaust temperatures. Discuss the relative merits of; Individual
cylinder maximum temperature alarms; Individual cylinder maximum and minimum temperature alarms;
Individual cylinder maximum temperature alarm and an alarm for any two cylinder exhaust temperatures
deviating more than 35C. Explain how arrangement can be provided for.
Q9. With reference to crankshafts, explain EACH of the following - The cause and effects of
torsional vibration; The term critical speed indicating why it can be a problem; The term fatigue
cracking and state, with reasons, TWI factors of crankshaft operation which have greatest influence
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on the likelihood of fatigue cracking; How a torsional vibration damper can reduce the effects of
torsional vibration.
FEBRUARY 2011
Q1. A. State, with reasons, FOUR possible causes of a propulsion engine failing to start when
operating on bridge control; B.
Explain how the causes stated in A. may be determined; C. Explain
the procedure for changing over to local control in the event of failure of the remote control system
of a marine diesel propulsion engine.D. State the procedure involved in achieving manual reversal
of a marine diesel engine.
Q2: A. Define the essential conditions, which must be satisfied by the air supply for a pneumatic
control system; Sketch a control air supply arrangement and give a reasoned explanation for
Q3: Give a list of the properties or tests by which distillate and blended fuels may be specified or
Q4: Discuss the consequences of failure to maintain correct clearances in the case of main diesel
Q5:
With reference to recent ratification of MARPOL 73/78 Annex VI, ships with be required to
burn low sulphur (4.5%) fuel oil.
Discuss the properties of cylinder liner lubricant for compatibility
with this type of fuel and the on board management of operating the engines with two different
types of fuel for main engine.
Q6. With reference to fouling on the gas side of turbochargers, state:
What are the common causes and nature of the deposits? B. How it effects engine operation? C.
How it is reduced in practice? D. How heavy fouling can be avoided?
Q7. A. Describe with the aid of a sketch, the arrangement of valves and passages for a four
stroke engine cylinder head, listing materials used. With reference to [a] indicate where cracking
might be expected stating the likely cause. Explain the different factors that tend to cause distortion
of 4stroke cylinder head. Explain how the effects described in [c] are minimized.
Q8. With reference to tensional vibrations in a main propulsion installation based on medium speed
engines, gearbox and controllable pitch propeller:
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Explain how the vibrations may be caused; State the possible effects and damage that could result;
Discuss the methods employed to minims the potential problems associate with tensional vibration;
Describe how the nature vibration frequency of the system could be modified.
Q9.As second engineer you have been requested to obtain a set of indicator card Diagram) from
and preparations
JANUARY 2011
Q1: With reference to medium speed engine cylinder lines: Explain the cause and effects of Polishing
or glazing;
Q2: A. Sketch a Main Engine air starting system and describe how it operates; B. List the safety
devices and interlocks incorporated in such a system and state the purpose of catch.
Q3: A. A set of indicator diagram including draw cards has been taken for a main diesel engine,
examine critically, the following if the compression curve is normal.
The maximum pressure is lower; The maximum pressure is higher; The expansion curve is lower;
The expansion curve is higher; B. Describe how the faults as mentioned above can be rectified.
blades.
a proposed new ship. 2stroke single acting cross head type slow speed engine. 4stroke single
why thermal stressing is aggravated with increased cylinder bore; Explain how stress concentration
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Q7: A. Describe the precaution necessary during the initial running-in of an Auxiliary Engine run on
lubricating oil. C. State the frequency with which oil samples should be taken for analysis.
Q8: With reference to turbochargers.
Explain how corrosion can occur on the gas side of a turbocharger casing; Describe the process
and safeguards necessary when water washing the air side; Explain the possible disadvantage of
water washing the gas side.
Q9.A. With respect to Diesel Engines, describe the cause of - Piston rings that is too tight in the
piston grooves; Corrosion of piston rings; Piston grooves that are worn; Piston rings that is too
slack with piston grooves; B. Describe the effect of each of the faults listed above and the remedial
action for each.
DECEMBER 2010
Q1: Discuss the importance of correct cylinder lubrication in a large diesel engine, explaining the
Comment on the
timing of the injection of the lubricant in relation to the working cycle of the engine.
Q2. Give a considered and reasoned account for the types of failure to main engine turbo chargers
listed below. (i) fractured turbine casing.(ii)The rapid development of a severe problem of
vibration.(iii)The abrupt stopping of the turbo charger during normal operation accompanied by a
great deal of noise.
Q3: What are the most influential physical characteristics required of the principle beatings for high
speed, medium speed, and slow speed diesel engines? Write short notes on following? Tiling beating
shells; Surface finish; Fluid film lubrication; Alignment.
Q4: Describe the action of any type of oil separator to which you are familiar. What is the difference
in operation between a separator and a clarifier? Why is it desirable to preheat the oil? What is
the purpose of fresh water priming of the separator?
Q7.Describe with aid of sketches the following types of bedplates as used for a large I.C. engine:
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Bedplate cast in section; Fabricated steel bedplate State the stresses to which these bedplates are
Q8. Draw an out of phase diagram for a large 2-stroke slow speed cycle engine. Describe in
detail the part of the cycle showing 011 tiles diagram; Using the diagram explains the effects of
burning liable and low grade fuels (when fuel injection timing is not altered. D. Explain how good
NOVEMBER 2010
Q1: During a river passage the propeller of a light ship is rotating at dead show revolutions ahead
when it strikes a large floating object causing a momentary drop in engine revolutions.
As the
Second Engineer of the vessel describe in report format, the inspection of the vessels propulsion
and transmission system that you would supervise to ensure that is safe for the vessel to continue
in voyage.
Assume that the vessel is anchored and that no outside assistance is available.
Q2.With respect to main boiler super heater arrangements:

gradually
burn away.
Q5:With reference to piston rings - State with reasons the causes of breakage; State how maintenance
and engine operation can minimize breakage; Explain the possible consequences with respect to
compression ignition engine? Sketch and describe one of these systems.
What additional air
speeds?
Q7: An Auxiliary engine exhibits a tendency to hum to such an extent that the engine speed
variation prohibits the connection of the machine to the switch board; Discuss the possible causes
of hunting; B. Explain how the problem of hunting can be rectified.
Q8: Describe with the aid of sketches an arrangement for operating the fuel valve of a heavy oil
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Q9: Discuss the effect on main engine operation of the use of low grade fuel and in particular
refer to causes and prevent of liner wear. Crankshaft corrosion of exhaust space; Corrosion of
exhaust space.
OCTOBER 2010
Q1: It is reported to you that the vessel you are about to join as Second Engineer has recently
suffered a number of top end bearing failures - State, with reasons, the information and documents
you would require in order to enable you to assess the cause of such failures; State, with reasons,
possible causes of top end bearing failures; State, with reasons, the procedures you would institute
in order to minimize the risk of future failure.
Q3. With reference to a vessel on a five year time charter:
After 4 weeks the chief engineer officer has received complaints that the vessel is not maintaining
charter speed, explain how CEO would investigate and attempt to remedy the situation, b- The
charterer has requested the use of a lower quality fuel as his cost for bunkers are excessive.
Outline the advice the CEO would offer to the owners on this request.
Q4. Sketch an engine starting air system; Describe how the engine air system sketched operates;
State, with reasons, TWO safety features which are incorporated in the Air system sketched
why thermal stressing is aggravated with increased cylinder bore; Explain how stress concentration
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SEPTEMBER 2010
Q1. With reference to the scavenge spaces of main engines, give reasons for the following faults:
Lubricating oil accumulation; Scavenge fires; Water accumulation; High air temperature.
Q3: 1. Sketch a cylinder relief valve suitable for a large slow speed engine; 2. Describe its salient
design features; 3. State the purpose of fitting such a device; 4. State the possible circumstances
when the relief valve may lift and indicate the action to be taken to prevent damage to the engine.
Q5: With reference to timing chains: Explain the causes of increasing chain slackness in service,
using sketches to illustrate your answer;
Q6: With reference to bottom end bolts for medium speed four stroke engines:
Q7: With reference to the cylinder lubrication of a large slow speed engine.
Explain with the aid of a sketch, the operation of a cylinder lubrication indicating caring how quantity
adjustments may be contact; State the advantage of the relative vertical positions of cylinder
lubricating quills used by different engine manufactures; Describe TWO features that assist the spread
of the oil. Describe how you, as second Engineer would asses liner and decide when renewal is
necessary; State the effect of low sulphur fuels on cylinder lubrication.
Q8: With the aid of a block diagram describe the operation of an electronic governor for an internal
combustion engine; State THREE problems to which such a governor is prone and explain how
EACH becomes evident;
In the event of the governor on a direct drive engine becoming inoperative
state the action you, as Second Engineer, would take in order to ensure safe operation of the
engine.
Q9: With reference to the scavenge spaces of main engines, give reasons for the following faults
- A. Lubricating oil accumulation; B. Scavenge fires; C. Water accumulation; D. High air temperature;
E. Lubricating oil accumulation.
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AUGUST 2010
Q1: Due to wiping. Main Engine Main Bearing needs emergency repairs. Describe: A. How the
repair to the bearing may be carried out; B.
Explain how the repaired bearing would be fitted.
Q2: In a turbo charger, explain the effects of following - A. Deposits on Impeller; B. Deposits on
Turbine nozzles; C. Damaged Labyrinth Seals
Q3: Boiler automatic combustion control has failed during operation of boiler. Explain - A. Procedures
to operate boiler in emergency; B. Action plan to investigate, rectify and bring system to normal
BOILER EMERGENCY OPERATION.
Q4: What are the effects on following on the sluggishness of steering gear operation?
Air entrapped in hydraulic oil; Worn pins and weak spring in hunting gear; Shock valves leaking
Q5:Your ship is due for Drydocking. Prepare repair specifications for the following:
A. Main Engine cooling sea water Overboard valve; B. Aft winch hydraulic oil pressure line, holed
at deck penetration in Steeling Compartment; C. Deck seal of a IG system used in an oil tanker
Repair specification dry dock
Q6: Explain reasons and remedial actions for fall off in heat exchanger performance, if this is A.
Gradually; B Suddenly
Q7: Briefly describe your action plan on the following Leaky economiser tube while at sea; Leaky
intercooler of main air compressor while manoeuvring.
Q8:The failure of one tie rod has occurred in a 2 stroke marine diesel engine. Explain - A. How
could this failure be detected? B. Effects of running engine with a broken tie rod & what preventive
measures can be taken?
Q9: Fuel injector needle valves are found to be seizing frequently. Explain - How could such
seizures be detected, and preventive measures and remedial actions that can be taken Power
developed will be reduced.
Q10: Main engine #2 unit decarburization was carried out. On piston inspection, following faults were
observed.
A. Cracking and burning of upper part of crown; B. Cracking in piston ring grooves; C. Explain the
causes and how it can be minimized in future.
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JULY 2010
Q1.A. Identify the principal factors responsible for fouling of the gas side of turbo chargers? B.
What are the effects of running engines with fouled turbo chargers & how are these identified?
Q2: A. Sketch the profiles of ahead and astern cams for a main engine fuel injector; B. Show,
using a simple sketch, how the cams are mounted on the shaft?
Q3: Briefly describe any one of the manufacturing process involved in semi built or welded
construction of crankshaft of large marine engine; Give a composition of material used; Draw a
stress diagram for stress in web of a crankshaft.
Q4: With reference to a large diesel engine piston: What stresses act on a piston during operation?
Q5:What are the design aspect of the following component to improve injection atomization and
penetration of fuel in marine diesel engine - Injector nozzle; Piston crown; Cylinder head.
Q6 : As compared to other bearing in a large marine diesel engine give reason why top end
bearing are more prone to failure. Have greater clearance in proportion to pin diameter. Have larger
diameter in proportion to length.
Q7: Write short note on Air stalling line explosion.
Q8:Describe briefly the defects of main bearing and their causes; Give typical composition of bearing
metal and importance of each component
JUNE 2010
Q1:Describe how each of the following procedure may be accomplished by bridge control equipment
for a direct reversing 2 stroke diesel engine; Setting the direction of rotation; Starting; Controlling
speed
Q3: Discuss the consequences of failure to maintain correct clearances in the case of main diesel
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Q4. Give a reasoned explanation why some marine diesel engines might continue to run ahead on
the astern cams following a reversal of the controls. Sketch and describe an arrangement designed
to prevent this happening.
Q5:Describe, with reasons, the profile for each of the following types of cams - Jerk type fuel
pumps; Exhaust valves; Air starts distributors
Q7: With reference to large starting air receivers:
Q8: Describe how each of the following procedure may be accomplished by bridge control equipment
for a direct reversing 2 stroke diesel engine Setting the direction of rotation; Starting; Controlling
speed
Q9: Suggest probable causes for Knocking in Engine: Low oil pressure Loss of power Knocking in
Engine:
Q10: Severe engine vibration has recently become evident when the main engine for which you are
responsible operates within a certain speed range. State, with reasons, the possible causes of such
vibration; State the consequences of operating the engine under such vibratory conditions; Describe
the procedure you. As Second Engineer, would implement in order to investigate and rectify the
problem.
APRIL 2010
Q1: With reference to bottom end bolts for medium speed four stroke engines:
Q2: With reference to crankcase diaphragm glands Explain why effectiveness deteriorates in service
Describe the procedure for renewal of parts so that efficiency is restored; Describe how effectiveness
is restored if spares are unavailable; Explain the functions of the upper, and lower sections.
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Q3: Whilst operating in heavy weather the main engine loses power and misfires. Investigation
shows considerable quantities of water in the fuel - A. State, with reasons, the immediate action
you as Second Engineer would take to ensure the safe operation of the main engine; B. State,
with reasons, the possible place where water could enter the fuel system; C. State, with reasons,
the standing instructions you as Second Engineer would issue with respect to the operation of the
fuel system in order to prevent major problems due to water in the fuel.
Q4. With reference to UMS engine remote control and monitoring system A. In the event of complete
failure of such monitoring and; control systems state, with reasons, how you; as Second Engineer,
would organize the engine room Staff to ensure safe operation of the engine during - Normal deep
sea conditions, Manoeuvring; State, with reasons, SIX important engine parameters which should be
manually;
monitored following failure of the UMS system; Explain how the cause of failure of the
UMS system may be traced

Q5. A. Define the following conditions relating to lubricating oil (i) Oxidation (ii) Emulsification (iii)
Acidity Explain how each of the conditions in A. is controlled by maintenance Suggest possible
consequences if the conditions in A. change and no corrective action is taken.
Q8: Describe how crankshaft alignment is checked; Identify with-reasons the causes of crankshaft
misalignment; State how the measurements are recorded.
Q9. Describe with the aid of sketches an arrangement for operating the fuel valve of a heavy oil
MARCH 2010
-
SAME AS APRIL 2010 -
FEBRUARY 2010
Q1: A. A number of main engine cylinder covers have been subjected to cracking during the
would take in order to reduce the possibility of future cylinder cover cracking; B. Cylinder liner wear
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Q2:
A. Difficulty has been experienced in maintaining engine speed at the set value State THREE
Q3:With reference to piston rings; - State with reasons the causes of breakage; State how
maintenance and engine operation can minimize breakage; Explain the possible consequences with
respect to performance and safety of operating the engine with broken or severely worn rings.
Q4.A. Identify the principal factors responsible for fouling of the gas side of turbo chargers? B.
What are the effects of running engines with fouled turbo chargers & how are these identified?
Q5: A. State, with reasons, THREE properties required of crankcase oil which is to be used for a
cannot immediately be replaced and analysis shows - (i) Water is present;(ii) Alkalinity has fallen;
faults which might be found.
C. Suggest how such faults might be avoided.
Q. A. If ail auxiliary diesel generator over-speeds and runs away while off the load, explain: (i) How it can be stopped; (ii) What is likely to be the reasons for the failure. B. Give-details of
what cheeks are made after the machine has been stopped: (i) Mechanically, (ii) Electrically.
Q8: With reference to piston rings; State with reasons the causes of breakage. State how maintenance
and engine operation can minimize breakage. Explain the possible consequences with respect to
Q9: With reference to main engine stalling and reversing: Define the function of air distributors;
JANUARY 2010
Q1. Explain why the use of residual fuels for the operation of large slow speed or of medium
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each, the problem may be minimized
63
- A. Build up of deposits; B. Hot
Q2. Electrical power is provided from alternators driven by auxiliary diesel engines - A. Using a
sketch to illustrate your answer, describe a suitable governor; B. give an account of the governor
action to increase the power delivered by the engine in response to a large electrical load increase
while also restoring and maintaining the correct frequency; C. Explain each of the following: (i) the
necessity for droop; (ii) How droop is effected.
Q3: With reference to fouling on the gas side of turbochargers, state - A. What are the common
causes and nature of the deposits? B. How it effects engine operation? C. How it is reduced in
practice? D. How heavy fouling can be avoided?
Q4. A. Explain the term ignition quality as applied to marine fuel oils; B. State, with reasons, the
properties of the fuel which can influence ignition quality; C. State how an unexpected change in
ignition quality would manifest itself in an operating engine; D. Explain in detail how an engine
would be adjusted in order to burn a fuel having a different ignition quality.
Q5: With reference to turbo-chargers: - A. State how the performance may be assessed; B. State
how the optimum performance may be maintained; C. Explain how two-stroke cycle engine operation
may be safely maintained and further damage to the machinery avoided if a serious crack is
discovered in the turbine end casing such that the turbo-charged may no longer be operated.
Electrical power is provided from alternators driven by auxiliary diesel engines.
Q6: The emergency generator for a 300 passenger ship has to be completely renewed. The company
contracted for work has no previous experience of marine installation You as the 2n(l engineer have
been requested to write the specification for the type and installation of the generator Outline your
proposal for the type of engine. State the necessary requirement for approval and certification
needed.
Q7. A. Describe with the aid of a sketch, the arrangement of valves and passages for a four
stroke engine cylinder head, listing materials used. With reference to [a] indicate where cracking
might be expected stating the likely cause. Explain the different factors that tend to cause distortion
of 4stroke cylinder head. Explain how the effects described in [c] are minimized.
Q8. A. State, with reasons, THREE properties required of crankcase oil which is to be used for a
Q9. State how EACH of the following defects becomes apparent, describe its effect on engine
operation or safety and indicate the corrective action required to restore normal engine
condition;
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Leaking air inlet and exhaust valves; Leaking air start valve; Cracked cylinder liner; Broken piston
rings
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64

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MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

MARINE ENGINEERING KNOWLEDGE

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

SEPTEMBER 2012 ......................................................................................................................................... 34

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

Q2. Explain each of the following:

B. Why total reliance is placed on frictional grip in conventional built up crankshaft

A. An explanation detailing how the problem became evident.

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

A. Create an explosive atmosphere in a crankcase; B. Initiate a primary explosion.

Propagate a secondary explosion; State how hazardous conditions can be avoided.

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

Q8. With reference to large starting air receivers:

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

possible causes. State how each of these causes may be detected.

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

possible causes. State how each of these causes may be detected.

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

iii. Fluid film lubrication; iv. Alignment.

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

iii. Fluid film lubrication;

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

A. Detecting element; B. Servo motor; C. Desired Value

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

correction cannot be achieved and the engine must be operated.

i. Piston rings that is too tight in

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

Q7. Same as Q1.

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

The presence of fresh water;

Reduced anti oxidation reserve.

White metal fragments;

Reduced alkalinity reserve;

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

A. Explain the cause and effects of

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

Sketch and describe one of these systems. What additional air

Q6: Describe with reference to mechanical/hydraulic governors explain:

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

(iv) Carbon content has increased.

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

Sketch a bottom end bearing paying particular attention

each, the problem may be minimized : - A. Build-up of deposits; B. Hot

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

(iv) Carbon content has increased.

Write a brief report to the

MEO CLASS-II QUESTION BANK

Describe the repair