‫ﺳﻠﺴﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﺎﺿﺮات اﻹﻟﻴﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬

‫‪E – Learning courses‬‬

‫ﻧﻈﻢ ﺗﺮﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ ﻓﻰ ﺟﻤﻬﻮرﻳﺔ ﻣﺼﺮ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬

‫‪Map Index in Egypt‬‬

‫أ‪ .‬د‪ /‬ﺳﻌﻴﺪ اﻟﻤﻐﺮﺑﻰ‬

‫ﻗﺴﻢ ﻣﺪﻧﻰ – هﻨﺪﺳﺔ اﻷزهﺮ‬
 ‫اﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎت‬
‫اﻟﺒﺎب اﻷول ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﺒﻠﻮآﺎت أو اﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ اﻟﺮﺑﻌﻰ‬

‫اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ ‪ :‬اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻌﻤﻮدى )اﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮى(‬

‫اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻰ‬

‫اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺎم ﺗﺮﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﻌﻤﻮدﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﺼﻮرة )اﻷورﺛﻮﻓﻮﺗﻮ(‬

‫اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻰ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ )اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﻤﻠﻴﻮﻧﻴﺔ(‬

‫اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺴﺎدس‪ :‬دﻟﻴﻞ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﻄﺒﻮﻏﺮاﻓﻴﺔ واﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻣﺼﺮ‬

‫اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ ‪ :‬اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ اﻟﻤﻌﺪل‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٢‬‬
 ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺮف اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺑﺄﻧﻬﺎ اﻟﻮﺳﻴﻠﺔ اﻟﺘﻰ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﻢ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ واﻟﺤﻀﺎرﻳﺔ‬
‫واﻟﻤﻠﻜﻴﺎت اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﻣﻊ وﺻﻒ دﻗﻴﻖ ﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺳﻄﺢ اﻷرض ﻓﻰ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ‪ .‬وإﻣﺎ ان‬
‫ﺗﻜﻮن ﻓﻰ ﺻﻮرة ورﻗﻴﺔ أو ﺻﻮرة رﻗﻤﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫أﻧﻮاع اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﻄﺒﻮﻏﺮاﻓﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺗﻬﺎ ‪:‬‬
‫ﺧﻄﻮط آﻨﺘﻮر)اﻟﻔﺘﺮة اﻟﻜﻨﺘﻮرﻳﺔ ﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ ﺗﺒﻌﺎ ﻟﻤﻘﻴﺎس اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ(‬
‫ﻧﻘﻂ اﻟﻤﺜﻠﺜﺎت‬
‫اﻟﺜﻮاﺑﺖ اﻷرﺿﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺔ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ‬
‫ﻧﻘﻂ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﻴﺐ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﺗﻀﺎرﻳﺲ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻷرض‬
‫أﺳﻤﺎء و ﺷﻜﻞ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﻢ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ )آﺎﻷﻧﻬﺎر و اﻟﺒﺤﻴﺮات و اﻟﻘﻨﻮات‬
‫واﻟﻤﺼﺎرف (‬
‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﻢ اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻨﻊ اﻹﻧﺴﺎن ﻣﺜﻞ ) اﻟﻄﺮق و ﺧﻄﻮط‬
‫اﻟﺴﻜﻚ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪﻳﺔ و اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﺴﻜﻨﻴﺔ و اﻟﺤﺪود(‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﻳﻴﺲ اﻟﺮﺳﻢ ‪ :‬ﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ اﻟﻰ ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ ذات اﻟﻤﻘﺎﻳﻴﺲ اﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮة )ﻣﻦ ‪ ١٠٠٠ ٠٠٠ : ١‬اﻟﻰ‬
‫‪ ( ٢٥ ٠٠٠ : ١‬وذات اﻟﻤﻘﺎﻳﻴﺲ اﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮة ﻣﻦ ‪ ١٠ ٠٠٠ : ١‬اﻟﻰ ‪(١٠٠٠ : ١‬‬
‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٣‬‬
 ‫اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺗﻬﺎ ‪ :‬ﺗﻮﺿﺢ ﺣﺪود اﻷراﺿﻲ اﻟﺰراﻋﻴﺔ و اﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ و اﻟﻄﺮق و اﻟﻘﻨﻮات و‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎرف ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ إﻟﻲ ﺣﺪود اﻟﻤﻠﻜﻴﺎت اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ و أرﻗﺎﻣﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﻻ ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻲ أي ﺧﻄﻮط آﻨﺘﻮر ﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﻗﻊ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﻴﺐ اﻻرﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎت‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﻳﻴﺲ اﻟﺮﺳﻢ ‪ :‬ﺗﻨﺘﺞ هﺬﻩ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎس ‪١٠٠٠ : ١‬ﺛﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺠﻤﻴﻌﻬﺎ و ﺗﺼﻐﻴﺮهﺎ‬
‫ﻟﻤﻘﻴﺎس ‪٢٥٠٠: ١‬‬
‫اﻟﻬﺪف ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ‪ :‬أﻋﻤﺎل ﺗﺴﺠﻴﻞ اﻷراﺿﻲ و اﻟﻤﻠﻜﻴﺎت اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ و اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﻌﻤﻮدﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﺼﻮرة )أورﺛﻮﻓﻮﺗﻮ(‬

‫ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺗﻬﺎ ‪ :‬ﺗﻮﺿﺢ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﻢ اﻟﻤﺮﺋﻴﺔ و ﻳﻈﻬﺮهﺎ ﻣﺼﻮرﻩ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﻮر اﻟﺠﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺘﻢ‬
‫ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺤﻬﺎ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﻞ واﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻨﺴﻮب اﻟﺴﻄﺢ وأﻳﻀﺎ زﻳﻎ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺪﺳﺎت ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺘﺼﻮﻳﺮ اﻟﺠﻮي ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺮق اﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬
‫اﻻﻟﻲ وذﻟﻚ ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻲ دﻗﻪ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺌﻪ ﻟﻤﺜﻴﻼﺗﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻷﻧﻮاع‬
‫اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻘﺎﻳﻴﺲ اﻟﺮﺳﻢ ‪ :‬ﺗﻨﺘﺞ ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎس رﺳﻢ ‪ ١٠ ٠٠٠ : ١‬وﺗﻨﺘﺞ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻜﻠﻴﻦ ‪ :‬اﻟﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﻮرﻗﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻄﺒﻮع واﻟﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﺮﻗﻤﻲ‬
‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٤‬‬
 ‫ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﻤﺤﺎﺻﻴﻞ و اﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺗﻬﺎ ‪ :‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺔ وﻣﺼﻨﻔﺔ إﻟﻲ ﺗﺴﻊ أﻧﻮاع ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺤﺎﺻﻴﻞ‬
‫اﻟﺼﻴﻔﻴﺔ واﻟﺸﺘﻮﻳﺔ(‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﻳﻴﺲ اﻟﺮﺳﻢ ‪ :‬ﺗﻨﺘﺞ ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎس ‪ ١٠ ٠٠٠ : ١‬ﻓﻲ ﺻﻮرة ورﻗﻴﺔ أو ﺻﻮرﻩ رﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺗﻬﺎ ‪ :‬اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﻢ اﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﻴﺔ و اﻟﻤﺮاﻓﻖ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺨﺪم اﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﺔ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺳﻔﺎرات و ﻗﻨﺼﻠﻴﺎت و ﻓﻨﺎدق و ﻣﻄﺎﻋﻢ و أﻣﺎآﻦ ﺳﻴﺎﺣﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﻳﻴﺲ اﻟﺮﺳﻢ ‪ :‬و ﺗﻨﺘﺞ ﺑﻤﻘﺎﻳﻴﺲ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺗﺒﻌﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﺴﻴﺎﺣﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﺪدة‬
‫ﻟﻠﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ وﻣﺘﻮﻓﺮة ﻟﺒﻌﺾ اﻟﻤﺪن ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﻘﺎهﺮة و‬
‫اﻹﺳﻜﻨﺪرﻳﺔ و اﻟﻐﺮدﻗﺔ و اﻷﻗﺼﺮ و أﺳﻮان و ﺑﻮر ﺳﻌﻴﺪ واﻹﺳﻤﺎﻋﻴﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫و ﻣﺮﺳﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ و اﻟﻐﺮدﻗﺔ ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ إﻟﻲ ﺧﺮﻳﻄﺔ ﻣﺺ ﻣﻘﻴﺎس‬
‫‪ ٢ ٠٠٠ ٠٠٠ : ١‬وهﺬﻩ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ ﺗﻜﻮن ﻓﻲ ﺻﻮرة ورﻗﻴﺔ أو رﻗﻤﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٥‬‬
 ‫اﻟﺒﺎب اﻷول‬

‫ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﺒﻠﻮآﺎت أو اﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ اﻟﺮﺑﻌﻰ‬

(Quadrant System)

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٦

 ‫ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ هﺬا اﻟﻨﻈﺎم ﻳﺮﺟﻊ إﻟﻰ ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ اﻟﻘﺮن اﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎم‪ ١٨٩٨‬اﻟﻰ ﻋﺎم ‪١٩٢٢‬‬

‫اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﺘﻜﻮن ﻣﻦ ﺧﻄﻮط اﻟﻄﻮل وﺧﻄﻮط اﻟﻌﺮض‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻊ اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻰ ﻟﺨﻄﻮط اﻟﻄﻮل هﻮ ﺧﻂ ﺟﺮﻳﻨﺘﺶ واﻟﻤﺮﺟﻊ اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻰ ﻟﺨﻄﻮط اﻟﻌﺮض‬

‫هﻮ ﺧﻂ اﻷﺳﺘﻮاء‪.‬‬

‫ﺣﺴﺎب ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺔ ﺗﻢ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام )اﻟﻘﻄﻊ اﻟﻨﺎﻗﺺ اﻟﺪوراﻧﻰ( او ﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ‬

‫ﺑﻤﺠﺴﻢ هﻠﻤﺮت ‪.(Helmert 1906) ١٩٠٦‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﻧﻈﺎم اﻹﺳﻘﺎط اﻟﻤﺘﺒﻊ هﻮ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻷﺳﻄﻮاﻧﻰ او ﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﻧﻈﺎم اﺳﻘﺎط ﻣﺎرآﻴﺘﻮر‬

‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻌﺮض )‪(Transverse Mercator‬‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٧‬‬
 ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻨﻈﺎم ﻓﻰ ﻣﺼﺮ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -‬آﺎن اﻟﻬﺪف اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻰ ﻣﻦ هﺬا اﻟﻨﻈﺎم هﻮ رﺳﻢ ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ ﻟﻤﻌﻈﻢ اﻷراﺿﻰ اﻟﺰراﻋﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻟﺘﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻷﺻﻞ ﻓﻰ هﺬا اﻟﻨﻈﺎم ﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﺰهﺮة )‪ ١٢‬آﻢ ﺟﻨﻮب ﻏﺮب اﻟﻬﺮم اﻷآﺒﺮ( وهﻰ‬
‫ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﺧﻂ ﻋﺮض ‪ ٣٠‬درﺟﺔ ﺷﻤﺎﻷ ﻣﻊ ﺧﻂ ﻃﻮل ‪ ٣١‬درﺟﺔ ﺷﺮﻗﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﻘﻄﺮ اﻟﻤﺼﺮى ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ اﻷﺻﻞ إﻟﻰ أرﺑﻌﺔ ﻧﻄﺎﻗﺎت ‪N.W.-N.E.-‬‬
‫‪S.W.-S.E.‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ هﺬا اﻟﻨﻈﺎم أﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎ ﻧﻈﺎم اﻹرﺑﻊ )اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻹرﺑﺎﻋﻰ(‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٨‬‬
 ٣١ ‫ﺧﻂ ﻃﻮل‬

‫ﺷﻤﺎل ﻏﺮب‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎل ﺷﺮق‬

N.W. N.E.
٣٠ ‫ﺧﻂ ﻋﺮض‬

‫ﺟﻨﻮب ﺷﺮق ﺟﻨﻮب ﻏﺮب‬

S.W. S.E.

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٩

 ‫آﻞ رﺑﻊ ﻣﻘﺴﻢ اﻟﻰ ﺻﻔﻮف وأﻋﻤﺪة ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ ‪١٠ ٠٠٠ : ١‬‬

‫اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ ‪ ١٠ ٠٠٠ :١‬ﺗﻐﻄﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ‪ ٢ ٢٤‬ﺧﻂ ﻋﺮض * ‪ ٣ ٠٠‬ﺧﻂ ﻃﻮل‪.‬‬

‫رﻗﻢ اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ ‪ ١٠ ٠٠٠ :١‬ﻳﺪل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺮﺑﻊ اﻟﻮاﻗﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ وآﺬﻟﻚ رﻗﻢ اﻟﻌﻤﻮد‬
‫واﻟﺼﻒ ﻟﻠﺮآﻦ اﻟﺠﻨﻮﺑﻰ اﻟﻐﺮﺑﻰ ﻟﻠﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -‬آﻞ ﺧﺮﻳﻄﺔ ‪ ١٠ ٠٠٠ :١‬ﻣﻘﺴﻤﺔ اﻟﻰ ‪ ١٦‬ﺧﺮﻳﻄﺔ ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻠﻴﺔ ‪ ٢ ٥٠٠ :١‬ﺗﺒﺪأ ﺑﺮﻗﻢ ‪١‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻤﺎل اﻟﻐﺮﺑﻰ اﻟﻰ رﻗﻢ ‪ ١٦‬ﻓﻰ اﻟﺠﻨﻮب اﻟﺸﺮﻗﻰ‪.‬‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪١٠‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺜﺎل ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﻰ ﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ ﻓﻰ ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﺒﻠﻮآﺎت‬

‫‪4‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬
‫ﺷﺮق‬ ‫‪11 ٣-١12‬ﺷﻤﺎل‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫ﺷﻤﺎل ﺷﺮق‬ ‫‪9‬‬

‫‪13‬‬
‫‪10‬‬

‫‪14‬‬ ‫‪15‬‬ ‫‪16‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬

‫ﺧﺮﻳﻄﺔ رﻗﻢ ‪ ٣-١‬ﺷﻤﺎل ﺷﺮق‬ ‫ﺧﺮﻳﻄﺔ رﻗﻢ ‪ ٣-١-١٢‬ﺷﻤﺎل ﺷﺮق‬

‫ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎس رﺳﻢ ‪١٠٠٠٠:١‬‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎس رﺳﻢ ‪٢٥٠٠:١‬‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪١١‬‬
 ‫اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬

(‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻌﻤﻮدى )اﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮى‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٢

 ‫اﻟﻬﺪف ‪ :‬اﻟﺘﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻰ اﻟﻰ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮى‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻢ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻪ اﺑﺘﺪاء ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎم ‪ ١٩٢٢‬وﺣﺘﻰ ﻋﺎم ‪.١٩٨٤‬‬

‫اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮ ﻣﺘﺮﻳﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -‬هﻰ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺨﻄﻮط اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺗﺘﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﻋﻤﻮدﻳﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -‬اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻊ اﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎرى ﻟﻬﺬا اﻟﻨﻈﺎم ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ) ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬

‫ﺧﻂ ﻋﺮض ‪ ٣٠‬درﺟﺔ ﺷﻤﺎﻻ ﻣﻊ ﺧﻂ ﻃﻮل ‪ ٣١‬درﺟﺔ ﺷﺮﻗﺎ(‪.‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﺗﻢ اﻋﺘﺒﺎر أن ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻷﺻﻞ هﻰ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ اﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻟﻤﺎر ﺑﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ اﻟﺴﻠﻮم‬
‫ﺷﻤﺎﻻ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻷﻓﻘﻰ اﻟﻤﺎر ﺑﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ اﻟﺪر )ﺟﻨﻮب أﺑﻮ ﺳﻨﻤﺒﻞ( ﺟﻨﻮﺑﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -‬اﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻊ اﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎرى ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﻰ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻷﺻﻞ هﻰ ‪ ٨١٠‬آﻢ‬

‫ﺷﻤﺎﻻ ‪ ٦١٥ ،‬آﻢ ﺷﺮﻗﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪١٣‬‬
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٤
 ‫أﺳﻠﻮب ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ ﻓﻰ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮى‬

‫‪ -‬أﺑﻌﺎد ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ هﺬا اﻟﻨﻈﺎم ‪ ٦٠*٤٠‬ﺳﻢ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -‬أﺳﺎس ﺗﺮﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ هﻮ إﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻟﺮآﻦ اﻟﺠﻨﻮﺑﻰ اﻟﻐﺮﺑﻰ ﻟﻠﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﺤﺘﻮى ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ ذات ﻣﻘﺎﻳﻴﺲ اﻟﺮﺳﻢ ‪– ٢٥ ٠٠٠ :١ – ١٠٠ ٠٠٠ :١‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪. ٢ ٥٠٠ :١ – ٥ ٠٠٠ :١ – ١٠ ٠٠٠ :١‬‬

‫‪ -‬اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ ‪ ١٠٠ ٠٠٠ :١‬ﻣﻘﺴﻤﺔ اﻟﻰ ‪ ١٦‬ﺧﺮﻳﻄﺔ ‪.٢٥ ٠٠٠ :١‬‬

‫‪ -‬اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ ‪ ٢٥ ٠٠٠ :١‬ﻣﻘﺴﻤﺔ اﻟﻰ ‪ ١٠٠‬ﺧﺮﻳﻄﺔ ‪.٢ ٥٠٠ :١‬‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪١٥‬‬
 ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻳﻴﺲ وأﺑﻌﺎد اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ ﻓﻰ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮى‬

‫ﻧﻮﻋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻃﻮل اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ آﻢ ﻋﺮض اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ آﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﻴﺎس‬

‫ﻃﺒﻮﻏﺮاﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪٤٠‬‬ ‫‪٦٠‬‬ ‫‪١٠٠ ٠٠٠ :١‬‬
‫ﻃﺒﻮﻏﺮاﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪١٠‬‬ ‫‪١٥‬‬ ‫‪٢٥ ٠٠٠ :١‬‬
‫زراﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪١‬‬ ‫‪١٫٥‬‬ ‫‪٢ ٥٠٠ :١‬‬
‫ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪٠٫٤‬‬ ‫‪٠٫٦‬‬ ‫‪١٠٠٠:١‬‬
‫ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪٠٫٢‬‬ ‫‪٠٫٣‬‬ ‫‪٥٠٠:١‬‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪١٦‬‬
 ‫أﺳﻠﻮب ﺗﺮﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ ﻓﻰ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮى‬

‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎم‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺴﻂ‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ رﻗﻢ اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﻴﺎس‬

‫ﺑﻌﺸﺮات اﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮات‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺸﺮات اﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮات‬ ‫آﺴﺮ اﻋﺘﻴﺎدى‬ ‫‪١٠٠٠٠٠:١‬‬

‫ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮات اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺸﺮات اﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮات‬ ‫آﺴﺮ اﻋﺘﻴﺎدى‬ ‫‪٢٥٠٠٠:١‬‬

‫ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮات ﺑﺮﻗﻢ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮات اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫آﺴﺮ اﻋﺘﻴﺎدى‬ ‫‪٢٥٠٠:١‬‬
‫ﻋﺸﺮى واﺣﺪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮات ﺑﺮﻗﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮات ﺑﺮﻗﻢ‬
‫آﺴﺮ اﻋﺘﻴﺎدى‬ ‫‪١٠٠٠:١‬‬
‫ﻋﺸﺮﻳﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺮى واﺣﺪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮات ﺑﺜﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮات ﺑﺮﻗﻤﻴﻦ‬
‫آﺴﺮ اﻋﺘﻴﺎدى‬ ‫‪٥٠٠:١‬‬
‫أرﻗﺎم ﻋﺸﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺮﻳﻴﻦ‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪١٧‬‬
 ٢٥ ٠٠٠ :١، ١٠٠ ٠٠٠ :١ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل ﻷرﻗﺎم اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﻤﺠﺎورة ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎس رﺳﻢ‬

١٢\٥٠

١٠٠ ٠٠٠ :١ ٦\٤٦ ١٢\٤٦ ١٨\٤٦

١٢\٤٢

٥٥٥\٩٥
٢٥ ٠٠٠ :١
٥٤٠\٩٤ ٥٥٥\٩٤ ٥٧٠\٩٤

٥٥٥\٩٣
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٨
 ‫ﻣﺜﺎل ﻷرﻗﺎم اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﻤﺠﺎورة ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎس رﺳﻢ ‪٢٥٠٠:١‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم هﺬا اﻟﻤﻘﻴﺎس ﻓﻰ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﻄﺒﻮﻏﺮاﻓﻴﺔ وآﺬﻟﻚ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮى ﻟﺘﺮﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻣﺠﺴﻢ هﻴﻠﻤﺮت ‪ ١٩٠٦‬ﻣﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ )‪ (ETM‬اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻓﻲ ﻣﺴﻘﻂ ﻣﻴﺮآﻴﺘﻮر‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺮي‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻐﻄﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ‪ ١‬آﻢ ﺷﻤﺎﻻ × ‪١٫٥‬آﻢ ﺷﺮﻗﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻘﺴﻢ اﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻴﺎت ﻋﻠﻲ ‪ ١٠٠٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ و اﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺎت ﻋﻠﻲ ‪ ١٠٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ ‪ETM‬‬

‫‪٢٢٠٫٥\٦١٣‬‬

‫‪٢١٩\٦١٢‬‬ ‫‪٢٢٠٫٥\٦١٢‬‬ ‫‪٢٢٢\٦١٢‬‬ ‫‪٢٥٠٠:١‬‬

‫‪٢٢٠٫٥\٦١١‬‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪١٩‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺜﺎل ﻷرﻗﺎم اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﻤﺠﺎورة ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎس رﺳﻢ ‪١٠٠٠:١‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻐﻄﻲ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ‪ ٥٠٠ :‬م ﺷﻤﺎﻻ × ‪ ٧٥٠‬م ﺷﺮﻗﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬أﺑﻌﺎدهﺎ ‪ ٥٠ :‬ﺳﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻤﺎﻻ × ‪ ٧٥‬ﺳﻢ ﺷﺮﻗﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻘﺴﻢ اﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻴﺎت ﻋﻠﻲ ‪ ١٠٠‬م و اﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺎت ﻋﻠﻲ ‪١٠‬م‬

‫‪\٢٣٫٥‬‬
‫‪١٢٫٦‬‬
‫‪\٢٣٫٠‬‬ ‫‪\٢٣٫٠‬‬ ‫‪\٢٣٫٠‬‬ ‫‪١٠٠٠:١‬‬
‫‪١٢٫٠‬‬ ‫‪١٢٫٧٥‬‬ ‫‪١٣٫٥٠‬‬
‫‪\٢٢٫٥‬‬
‫‪١٢٫٦‬‬
‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٢٠‬‬
 ‫ﺷﺮح ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎج أرﻗﺎم اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺔ واﻟﻤﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮى‬

Req: The index of adjoining sheets

Map no.
Map scale Maps numbers
(North/East)

25.00 25.00 25.00

28.50 30.00 31.50

1: 2500 24.000 30.000 24.00 24.00 24.00

28.50 30.00 31.50

23.00 23.00 23.00

28.50 30.00 31.50

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٢١

 ‫اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬

‫ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻰ‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٢٢

 ‫‪-‬ﻧﻈﺮا ﻷن ﺣﺪود ﻣﺼﺮ ﺗﻘﻊ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺧﻄﻰ ﻃﻮل ‪ ٣٧،٢٥‬ﺷﺮﻗﺎ )ﺑﻔﺎرق ‪ ١٢‬درﺟﺔ( ﻓﻘﺪ ﺗﻢ‬
‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﻣﺼﺮ اﻟﻰ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﺣﺰﻣﺔ وآﻞ ﺣﺰام ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ‪ ٤‬درﺟﺎت ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﻟﻜﻞ ﻧﻈﺎم ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم آﻤﺮﺟﻊ اﻋﺘﺒﺎرى وﻧﻈﺎم اﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت ﻣﻔﺘﺮض وﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -‬اﻷﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت ﻓﻰ آﻞ ﺣﺰام هﻰ اﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻋﺘﺒﺎرﻳﺔ ) زاﺋﻔﺔ( ‪False coordinates‬‬

‫‪ -١‬اﻟﺤﺰام اﻟﺒﻨﻔﺴﺠﻰ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺧﻄﻰ ﻃﻮل ‪ ٢٩،٢٥‬درﺟﺔ ﺷﺮﻗﺎ‪ ،‬وﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻊ‬

‫اﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎرى هﻰ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ ‪٣٠‬ﺷﻤﺎﻷ ﻣﻊ ‪ ٢٧‬ﺷﺮﻗﺎ‪ .‬واﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎرﻳﺔ ﻟﻬﺬﻩ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﻰ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻷﺻﻞ ﻟﻬﺬا اﻟﺤﺰام هﻰ ‪ ٢٠٠‬آﻢ ﺷﻤﺎﻻ‪٧٠٠ ،‬آﻢ ﺷﺮﻗﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -٢‬اﻟﺤﺰام اﻷﺣﻤﺮ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺧﻄﻰ ﻃﻮل ‪ ٣٣،٢٩‬درﺟﺔ ﺷﺮﻗﺎ‪ ،‬وﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻊ‬

‫اﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎرى هﻰ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ ‪٣٠‬ﺷﻤﺎﻷ ﻣﻊ ‪ ٣١‬ﺷﺮﻗﺎ‪ .‬واﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎرﻳﺔ ﻟﻬﺬﻩ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﻰ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻷﺻﻞ ﻟﻬﺬا اﻟﺤﺰام هﻰ ‪ ٨١٠‬آﻢ ﺷﻤﺎﻻ‪٦١٥ ،‬آﻢ ﺷﺮﻗﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -٣‬اﻟﺤﺰام اﻷﺧﻀﺮ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺧﻄﻰ ﻃﻮل ‪ ٣٧،٣٣‬درﺟﺔ ﺷﺮﻗﺎ‪ ،‬وﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻊ‬

‫اﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎرى هﻰ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ ‪٣٠‬ﺷﻤﺎﻷ ﻣﻊ ‪ ٣٥‬ﺷﺮﻗﺎ‪ .‬واﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎرﻳﺔ ﻟﻬﺬﻩ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﻰ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻷﺻﻞ ﻟﻬﺬا اﻟﺤﺰام هﻰ‪ ١١٠٠‬آﻢ ﺷﻤﺎﻻ‪٣٠٠ ،‬آﻢ ﺷﺮﻗﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٢٣‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺮآﺰ اﻷﺣﺰﻣﺔ ﻓﻰ آﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺔ واﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮﻳﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺤﺰام اﻟﺒﻨﻔﺴﺠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺰام اﻷﺣﻤﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺰام اﻷﺧﻀﺮ‬ ‫اﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ‬

‫‪٢٩‬ق‬ ‫‪٣٠‬ش‬ ‫‪٣١‬ق‬ ‫‪ ٣٠‬ش‬ ‫‪٣٣‬ق‬ ‫‪ ٣٠‬ش‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺔ‬

‫‪١١٠٠‬‬
‫‪٧٠٠‬ق‬ ‫‪٢٠٠‬ش‬ ‫‪٦١٠‬ق‬ ‫‪٨١٠‬ش‬ ‫‪٣٠٠‬ق‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮ ﻣﺘﺮﻳﺔ‬
‫ش‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٢٤‬‬
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٢٥
 ‫اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ‬

‫ﻧﻈﺎم ﺗﺮﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﻌﻤﻮدﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﺼﻮرة‬

(‫)اﻷورﺛﻮﻓﻮﺗﻮ‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٢٦

 ‫أﺳﻠﻮب ﺗﺮﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻠﻮﺣﺎت‬

‫ﻗﺴﻤﺖ اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ ‪ ٥٠ ٠٠٠ : ١‬اﻟﻲ ‪ ٦‬أﻗﺴﺎم‬

‫)ﻣﻦ رﻗﻢ ‪ ١‬اﻟﻰ رﻗﻢ ‪ (٦‬آﻞ ﻗﺴﻢ ‪ ٧٫٥‬دﻗﻴﻘﻪ‬
‫ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺸﺮق × ‪ ٥‬دﻗﺎﺋﻖ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺸﻤﺎل‬

‫ﺗﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ آﻞ ﻗﺴﻢ اﻟﻲ أرﺑﻌﺔ أﻗﺴﺎم ﺣﻴﺚ آﻞ ﻗﺴﻢ ‪ ٣٫٧٥‬ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺸﺮق × ‪ ٢٫٥‬ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ‬
‫اﺷﻤﺎل وﻳﺮﻗﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺮوف ‪a, b, c and d‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻀﺎف اﻟﺤﺮوف و اﻻرﻗﺎم اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﻪ اﻟﻲ رﻗﻢ اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎس ‪٥٠ ٠٠٠ : ١‬‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٢٨‬‬
 ‫اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ‬

‫ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻰ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ‬

(‫)اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﻤﻠﻴﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٢٩

 ‫أﺳﺎس ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻰ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ )اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﻤﻠﻴﻮﻧﻴﺔ(‬
‫ﺑﺪأ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻬﺬا اﻟﻨﻈﺎم ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎم ‪ ١٩٩٥‬وﺣﺘﻰ اﻵن‪.‬‬

‫أﺳﺎس اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻰ هﻮ اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ اﻟﻤﻠﻴﻮﻧﻴﺔ اﻟﺪوﻟﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﻤﺎل وﺟﻨﻮب ﺧﻂ اﻻﺳﺘﻮاء ﻳﺮﻣﺰ ﻟﻬﻤﺎ ‪N, S‬‬

‫ﺗﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺧﻄﻮط اﻟﻌﺮض ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻂ اﻻﺳﺘﻮاء اﻟﻰ اﻗﺴﺎم ﺑﻔﺎﺻﻞ ‪ ˚ ٤‬ﻋﺮض‬
‫وﻳﺮﻣﺰ ﻟﻬﻢ …‪A, B, C,‬‬

‫ﺗﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺧﻄﻮط اﻟﻄﻮل ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻂ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﻤﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﺨﻂ ﺟﺮﻳﻨﺘﺶ )ﺧﻂ ﻃﻮل‬
‫‪ (١٨٠‬اﻟﻰ ‪ ٦٠‬ﻗﺴﻢ وآﻞ ﻗﺴﻢ ‪ ˚ ٦‬وﺗﺮﻗﻢ … ‪1, 2, 3‬‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٣٠‬‬
 ١ ٠٠٠ ٠٠٠ : ١ ‫ﻧﻈﺎم ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﻤﻠﻴﻮن‬
‫درﺟﺎت‬٦

‫ درﺟﺎت‬٤
N
H NH36
‫ﺧﻂ ﺟﺮﻳﻨﺘﺶ‬

G
F
E
D
C
B
A ‫ﺧﻂ اﻻﺳﺘﻮاء‬
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39

S
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying
١٠٠٠٠٠٠:١ ‫ ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎس‬NH36 ‫ اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ‬:‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬

Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٣١

 ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻳﻴﺲ وأﺑﻌﺎد اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﻤﻠﻴﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬ ‫ﺧﻂ ﻃﻮل‬ ‫ﺧﻂ ﻋﺮض‬ ‫ﻣﻘﻴﺎس اﻟﺮﺳﻢ‬

NH36 ٦ ٠٠ ٤ ٠٠ ١٠٠٠ ٠٠٠ :١

NH36NE ٣ ٠٠ ٢ ٠٠ ٥٠٠ ٠٠٠ :١

NH36-J ١ ٣٠ ١ ٠٠ ٢٥٠ ٠٠٠ :١

NH36-J1 ٠٠ ٣٠ ٠٠ ٣٠ ١٠٠ ٠٠٠ :١

NH36-J1a ٠٠ ١٥ ٠٠ ١٥ ٥٠ ٠٠٠ :١

NH36-J1a2 ٠٠ ٧٫٥ ٠٠ ٧٫٥ ٢٥ ٠٠٠ :١

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٣٢

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٣٣
 NW NE
NH36 ٥٠٠ ٠٠٠ :١ ‫ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ‬
SW SE

M N O P
NH36-J ‫اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ‬
I
NH36
J K L
٢٥٠ ٠٠٠ :١ ‫ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎس‬
E F G H
A B C D

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٣٤

 4 5 6 ١٠٠ ٠٠٠ : ١ ‫ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ‬
NH36-J ١٠٠ ٠٠٠ :١ ‫ ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎس‬NH36-J1 ‫اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ‬

1 2 3

c d
NH36-J1
٥٠ ٠٠٠ : ١ ‫ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ‬
٥٠ ٠٠٠ :١ ‫ ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎس‬NH36-J1a ‫اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ‬
a b

3 4
NH36-J1a ٢٥ ٠٠٠ :١ ‫ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ‬
٢٥ ٠٠٠ :١‫ ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎس‬NH36-J1a2 ‫اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ‬
1 2
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٣٥
 ‫اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺴﺎدس‬

‫دﻟﻴﻞ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﻄﺒﻮﻏﺮاﻓﻴﺔ واﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻓﻰ ﻣﺼﺮ‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٣٦

 ‫ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ ‪١ ٠٠٠ ٠٠٠ : ١‬‬
‫‪ -‬هﻰ اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﻓﻰ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻰ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺗﻐﻄﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ‪ ˚٤ :‬ﺧﻂ ﻋﺮض * ‪ ˚ ٦‬ﺧﻂ ﻃﻮل‪.‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﻧﻈﺎم اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم ‪ :‬إﺳﻘﺎط ﻣﻴﺮآﻴﺘﻮر اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻌﺮض واﻟﺬي ﻳﺤﻘﻖ زواﻳﺎ‬

‫واﺗﺠﺎهﺎت ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻋﺪد هﺬﻩ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ ‪ ٧ :‬ﺗﻐﻄﻲ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺠﻤﻬﻮرﻳﻪ و أﺟﺰاء ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪول اﻟﻤﺠﺎورة‬

‫‪ -‬أﺳﻤﺎء اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ ‪ :‬اﻟﻘﺎهﺮﻩ ‪ -‬اﻷﺳﻜﻨﺪرﻳﻪ ‪ -‬اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﻪ ‪ -‬أﺳﻮان ‪ -‬وادي ﺣﻠﻔﺎ ‪ -‬ﻣﻜﺔ –‬

‫اﻟﻌﻮﻳﻨﺎت‪.‬‬

‫‪ -‬أﺑﻌﺎد اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ اﻟﻤﻄﺒﻮﻋﺔ ﺑﻬﺬا اﻟﻤﻘﻴﺎس ‪ ٥٩‬ﺳﻢ ﺷﺮﻗﺎ × ‪ ٤٤٫٤‬ﺳﻢ ﺷﻤﺎﻻ‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٣٧‬‬
 ‫ ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ‬٧ ‫ﻋﺪد‬
‫ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎس‬
١٠٠٠ ٠٠٠ :١
‫ﺗﻐﻄﻲ ﺣﺪود ﻣﺼﺮ‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٣٨

 ‫أﻟﻮان اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ ذات اﻟﻤﻘﻴﺎس ‪١ ٠٠٠ ٠٠٠ : ١‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﺑﺎﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ آﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻮن اﻷﺳﻮد واﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻮن اﻷﺣﻤﺮ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -‬اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ ﻣﻄﺒﻮﻋﺔ ﺑﺨﻤﺴﺔ أﻟﻮان و هﻲ ) اﻷﺳﻮد – اﻷﺣﻤﺮ ‪ -‬اﻷزرق ‪ -‬اﻟﺒﻨﻲ –‬

‫اﻷﺧﻀﺮ(‬
‫اﻟﻠﻮن اﻷﺳﻮد‪ :‬اﻟﻤﺪن ‪ -‬اﻟﺴﻜﻚ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪﻳﺔ ‪ -‬اﻷﺳﻤﺎء ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ و اﻟﺘﺮﺟﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﺮﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬اﻟﺒﺮواز‬
‫اﻟﻠﻮن اﻷﺣﻤﺮ‪ :‬اﻟﻄﺮق ﺑﺪرﺟﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬
‫اﻟﻠﻮن اﻷزرق‪ :‬اﻟﺘﺮع و اﻟﻮدﻳﺎن و ﺣﺪود اﻟﺒﺤﺎر و ﺗﺪرج اﻷﻋﻤﺎق‬
‫اﻟﻠﻮن اﻟﺒﻨﻲ‪ :‬اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺎت اﻟﻠﻮﻧﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺒﻴﻦ ﺗﻀﺎرﻳﺲ ﺳﻄﺢ اﻷرض‬
‫اﻟﻠﻮن اﻷﺧﻀﺮ‪ :‬اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﺤﺼﺮ ارﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎﺗﻬﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺼﻔﺮ و ‪ ٢٠٠‬م ﺣﺴﺐ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻮاﺻﻔﺎت اﻟﺪوﻟﻴﻪ‬
‫وهﻨﺎك ﻃﺒﻌﻪ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﻤﺼﺮ ﻳﻤﺜﻞ اﻟﻠﻮن اﻷﺧﻀﺮ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ اﻷراﺿﻲ اﻟﺰراﻋﻴﻪ‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٣٩‬‬
 ‫ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ ‪٥٠٠ ٠٠٠ :١‬‬
‫‪ -‬هﺬﻩ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ ﺗﺘﺒﻊ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻰ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺗﻐﻄﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ‪ ٢ :‬درﺟﺔ ﻋﺮض * ‪ ٣‬درﺟﺔ ﻃﻮل‬

‫‪ -‬ﺗﻘﺴﻢ اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ اﻟﻤﻠﻴﻮﻧﻴﺔ اﻟﻰ أرﺑﻌﺔ ارآﺎن‬

‫‪ -‬ﻳﻜﺘﺐ رﻗﻢ اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ اﻟﻤﻠﻴﻮﻧﻴﺔ وﻳﺘﺒﻌﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ اﻟﻴﻤﻴﻦ اﺳﻢ اﻟﺮﺑﻊ اﻟﻮاﻗﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ‬

‫وﺟﺎرى اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻋﺪاد هﺬﻩ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻋﺎم ‪٢٠٠٠‬‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٤٠‬‬
 ‫دﻟﻴﻞ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ‬
١٢‫اﻟﻄﺒﻮﻏﺮاﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﻌﺪد‬
‫ﺧﺮﻳﻄﺔ ﺗﻐﻄﻰ ﺣﺪود‬
‫ﻣﺼﺮ ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎس‬
٥٠٠ ٠٠٠ :١ ‫رﺳﻢ‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٤١

 ‫ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ ‪٢٥٠ ٠٠٠ :١‬‬
‫هﺬﻩ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ ﺗﺘﺒﻊ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻰ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ‬
‫ﺗﻐﻄﻲ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ‪ ١ :‬درﺟﻪ ﻋﺮض * ‪ ١٫٥‬درﺟﺔ ﻃﻮل‬
‫ﻋﺪدهﺎ ‪ ٨٠ :‬ﺧﺮﻳﻄﺔ ﺗﻐﻄﻲ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺠﻤﻬﻮرﻳﻪ‬
‫أﻟﻮان اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻄﺒﻊ اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ ﺑﺨﻤﺴﺔ اﻟﻮان هﻲ‬
‫اﻻﺳﻮد ‪ :‬ﻟﻠﺴﻜﻚ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪﻳﺔ و اﻟﻤﺪن و ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﻢ اﻟﺤﻀﺎرﻳﺔ و اﻟﺒﺮواز وأﻻ‬
‫ﺳﻤﺎء ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺘﻴﻦ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ و اﻻﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‬
‫اﻻﺣﻤﺮ ‪ :‬ﻟﻠﻄﺮق ﺑﺪرﺟﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬
‫اﻻزرق‪ :‬ﻟﻠﻤﺠﺎري اﻟﻤﺎﺋﻴﺔ و اﻟﻮدﻳﺎن‬
‫اﻟﺒﻨﻲ ‪ :‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻣﻦ اﻻﻟﻮان اﻟﺒﻨﻴﻪ ﻟﺒﻴﺎن اﻻرﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎت‬
‫اﻻﺧﻀﺮ ‪ :‬ﻟﻸراﺿﻲ اﻟﺰراﻋﻴﻪ‬
‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٤٢‬‬
 ‫دﻟﻴﻞ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ‬
‫اﻟﻄﺒﻮﻏﺮاﻓﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎس رﺳﻢ‬
٢٥٠ ٠٠٠ :١

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٤٣

 ‫ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ ‪١٠٠ ٠٠٠ : ١‬‬
‫هﺬا اﻟﻨﻮع ﻣﻦ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ ذات ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ )اﻟﻤﻠﻴﻮﻧﻰ( ‪٣٠×٣٠‬‬
‫دﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ‬

‫واﻟﻤﺘﺎح ﺣﺎﻟﻴﺎ ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -١‬ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ ذات ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﻲ أوﻟﻲ ‪ ٤٠×٣٠‬دﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺗﻐﻄﻲ اﻷراﺿﻰ اﻟﺰراﻋﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻟﺘﺎ‬
‫وﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎت ﺟﻨﻮب ﻣﺼﺮ ﺣﺘﻰ أﺳﻴﻮط‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺣﺪود ﻣﺘﺴﺎوﻳﺔ وهﻲ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﺔ وﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ اﻟﻲ أرﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎت‬
‫)ﺷﻤﺎل ﺳﻴﻨﺎء ‪ -‬ﺟﻨﻮب ﺳﻴﻨﺎء ‪ -‬اﻟﺼﺤﺮاء اﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ ‪ -‬اﻟﺴﺎﺣﻞ اﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻲ( واﻟﻤﺘﺎح ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﺴﺎﺣﻞ اﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٤٤‬‬
 ‫‪١٠٠ ٠٠٠ : ١‬‬
‫ﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ اﻟﻰ‪:‬‬
‫أوﻻ‪ :‬ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺣﺪود ﻣﺘﺴﺎوﻳﺔ وهﻲ‬
‫أ‪ -‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ ﺳﻴﻨﺎء‪ :‬ﺗﺸﻤﻞ ‪ ٣٠‬ﺧﺮﻳﻄﺔ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ‪ ١٨‬ﻟﺸﻤﺎل ﺳﻴﻨﺎء و ‪١٢‬‬
‫ﻟﺠﻨﻮﺑﻬﺎ‪ .‬وهﻲ ﻣﻄﺒﻮﻋﺔ ﺑﻠﻮن واﺣﺪ و اﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﺖ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﻟﻬﺎﺷﻮر ﻟﺘﻮﺿﻴﺢ‬
‫اﻹرﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎت وﻗﻤﻢ اﻟﺠﺒﺎل ﺑﺪﻻ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻄﻮط اﻟﻜﻨﺘﻮر‬
‫ب‪ -‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺼﺤﺮاء اﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ ‪ :‬ﺗﺸﻤﻞ ‪ ٦٢‬ﺧﺮﻳﻄﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺼﺤﺮاء اﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ ﺗﻐﻄﻲ‬
‫ﺳﺎﺣﻞ اﻟﺒﺤﺮ اﻻﺣﻤﺮ ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻰ ‪ ٣‬ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ ﺗﻐﻄﻲ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻗﻨﺎ ‪ -‬اﻟﻘﺼﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺟـ ‪ -‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺴﺎﺣﻞ اﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻲ ‪ :‬ﺗﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﻮاﻗﻌﻪ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻟﻴﺒﻴﺎ ﻏﺮﺑﺎ اﻟﻲ وادي اﻟﻨﻴﻞ ﺷﺮﻗﺎ و ﻣﻦ ﺳﺎﺣﻞ اﻟﺒﺤﺮ اﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺷﻤﺎﻻ اﻟﻲ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﺾ‬
‫اﻟﻘﻄﺎرة ﺟﻨﻮﺑﺎ و ﺗﺸﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺨﻔﺾ وواﺣﺔ ﺳﻴﻮﻩ و اﻟﻮاﺣﺎت اﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ و ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﺑﻬﺎ‬
‫اﻻرﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎت ﺑﺨﻄﻮط آﻨﺘﻮر ﻣﻊ اﻟﻬﺎﺷﻮر و ﻃﺒﻌﺖ ﺑﺄآﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮن‬
‫‪.‬ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ هﺬﻩ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎت اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ ﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺄﺣﺠﺎﻣﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﻮاﺣﺪة‬
‫وﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒ أﻳﻀﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ آﻞ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ وأﺧﺮي و أﺳﻠﻮب اﻇﻬﺎر اﻻرﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎت ﺑﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ‪ :‬ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ آﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮﻳﺔ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﺔ ‪ ٤٠×٦٠‬آﻢ وهﻲ ﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﺪﻟﺘﺎ و هﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺎﺣﺔ‬
‫وﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻷﺣﺪث ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻰ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻤﻠﻴﻮﻧﻰ‬
‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٤٥‬‬
 ١٠٠ ٠٠٠ : ١ ‫ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٤٦

 ‫ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ ‪٥٠ ٠٠٠ : ١‬‬
‫‪ -‬هﺬﻩ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ ﺗﺘﺒﻊ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻰ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺗﻐﻄﻲ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ‪ ١٥ :‬دﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﻋﺮض * ‪ ١٥‬دﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﻃﻮل )ﺣﻮاﻟﻰ‪٢٥‬آﻢ ﺷﺮﻗﺎ * ‪ ٢٧‬آﻢ‬

‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎ ﺷﻤﺎﻻ ﺑﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﻗﺪرهﺎ ‪ ٦٧٥‬آﻢ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎ(‬

‫‪ -‬ﻋﺪدهﺎ ‪ ١٥٣١ :‬ﺧﺮﻳﻄﺔ ﺗﻐﻄﻲ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺠﻤﻬﻮرﻳﺔ )ﻣﺎ ﺗﻢ اﻧﺘﺎﺟﻪ ﺑﻬﻴﺌﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬
‫ﺣﻮاﻟﻲ ‪ ٤٤٥‬ﺧﺮﻳﻄﺔ ﺗﺸﻤﻞ اﻟﻮﺟﻪ اﻟﺒﺤﺮي و اﻟﻮﺟﻪ اﻟﻘﺒﻠﻲ و اﻟﺼﺤﺮاء اﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ(‬

‫‪ -‬أﺑﻌﺎد اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ ‪ ٥٠٫٦ :‬ﺳﻢ * ‪ ٥٥٫٢‬ﺳﻢ‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٤٧‬‬
 ‫أﻟﻮاﻧﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫اﻻﺳﻮد‪ :‬ﻟﺒﻌﺾ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﻢ اﻟﺤﻀﺎرﻳﻪ و اﻷﺳﻤﺎء ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺘﻴﻦ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ و اﻻﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‬
‫اﻻﺣﻤﺮ ‪ :‬ﻟﻠﻄﺮق ﺑﺪرﺟﺎﺗﻬﺎ واﻟﻤﺪن و اﻟﻘﺮى‬
‫اﻻزرق‪ :‬اﻟﺘﺮع و أﺳﻤﺎءهﺎ و اﻟﺒﺮك و اﻟﺒﺤﻴﺮات‬
‫اﻟﺒﻨﻲ ‪ :‬ﻟﺨﻄﻮط اﻟﻜﻨﺘﻮر‬
‫اﻻﺧﻀﺮ ‪ :‬ﻟﻸراﺿﻰ اﻟﺰراﻋﻴﻪ و اﻟﻤﺼﺎرف و أﺳﻤﺎﺋﻬﺎ‬
‫‪:‬ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺗﻬﺎ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -‬اﻟﺘﻀﺎرﻳﺲ ‪ :‬وﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﺧﻄﻮط اﻟﻜﻨﺘﻮر ‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﻂ اﻻرﺗﻔﺎع ‪،‬ﻧﻘﻂ اﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ اﻻﻓﻘﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬اﻟﺮوﺑﻴﺮات‬
‫‪ ،‬اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻣﻨﺴﻮب اﻟﺒﺤﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬اﻟﻨﻘﻞ‪ :‬اﻟﺴﻜﻚ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪﻳﺔ ‪ ،‬اﻟﻄﺮق اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬اﻟﻄﺮق اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ ‪ ،‬اﻟﻤﺪﻗﺎت ‪ ،‬اﻟﻜﺒﺎري ‪،‬‬
‫اﻻﻧﻔﺎق‬
‫‪ -‬اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﻢ اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﺘﺠﻤﻌﺎت اﻟﺴﻜﻨﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬اﻟﻤﻘﺎﺑﺮ ‪ ،‬اﻟﺤﺪود اﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ و ﺣﺪود‬
‫اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎت ‪ ،‬ﺣﺪود اﻟﻤﺮاآﺰ ‪ ،‬اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺟﻢ ‪ ،‬اﻟﻤﺤﺎﺟﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﻢ اﻷﺧﺮى‪ :‬اﻻﺷﺠﺎر ‪ ،‬اﻟﺒﺴﺎﺗﻴﻦ ‪ ،‬اﻻراﺿﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺼﻠﺤﺔ ‪ ،‬اﻻراﺿﻲ اﻟﻤﺰروﻋﺔ‬
‫‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﻄﺎت اﻟﺼﺮف و ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ ‪ ،‬اﻻﻣﺎآﻦ اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺨﻴﺔ‬
‫‪ -‬اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ ‪ :‬اﻻﻧﻬﺎر ‪ ،‬اﻟﺒﺤﻴﺮات ‪ ،‬اﻟﺒﺤﺎر ‪ ،‬اﻟﺴﺪود ‪ ،‬اﻻﺑﺎر واﻟﻌﻴﻮن اﻟﻤﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬
‫‪ -‬اﻟﻤﺮاﻓﻖ‪ :‬ﺧﻄﻮط اﻟﺘﻠﻴﻔﻮﻧﺎت ‪ ،‬ﺧﻄﻮط اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻲ ‪ ،‬ﺧﻄﻮط اﻟﻐﺎز ‪ ،‬اﻟﻤﺤﻮﻻت ‪،‬‬
‫أﺑﺮاج اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٤٨‬‬
 ‫ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ‬
٥٠ ٠٠٠ : ١

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٤٩

 ‫دﻟﻴﻞ ﻟﺠﺰء ﻣﻦ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﻄﺒﻮﻏﺮاﻓﻴﺔ‬
٥٠ ٠٠٠ :١ ‫ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎس رﺳﻢ‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٥٠

 ‫ﻣﺜﺎل ﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎس‬
‫ ﻓﻰ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬٥٠ ٠٠٠ :١ ‫رﺳﻢ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻠﻴﻮﻧﻰ‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٥١

 ٥٠ ٠٠٠ :١ ‫ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٥٢

 ‫”ﺗﺎﺑﻊ“ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٥٣

 ‫أﺳﻠﻮب اﻟﺘﺮﻗﻴﻢ وﻣﻘﻴﺎس رﺳﻢ اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٥٤

 ‫دﻟﻴﻞ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﻤﺠﺎورة‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٥٥

 ‫ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ ‪٢٥ ٠٠٠ : ١‬‬
‫‪ -‬اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ هﺬا اﻟﻤﻘﻴﺎس ﺗﺘﺒﻊ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮي وﺗﺸﻤﻞ ‪ ٤٩١‬ﺧﺮﻳﻄﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻄﻮل ‪ ١٠‬آﻢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺷﻤﺎل × ‪١٥‬آﻢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺷﺮق ﻟﺘﻐﻄﻲ اﻻراﺿﻲ‬
‫اﻟﺰراﻋﻴﻪ ﻟﻮادي اﻟﻨﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻤﺎل اﻟﺪﻟﺘﺎ ﺣﺘﻰ أﺳﻮان ﺟﻨﻮﺑﺎ و ذﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺘﻴﻦ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫و اﻻﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫أﺑﻌﺎدهﺎ ‪ ٦٠ :‬ﺳﻢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺸﺮق *‪ ٤٠‬ﺳﻢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺸﻤﺎل‬
‫اﻟﻮاﻧﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫اﻻﺳﻮد ‪ :‬وﻳﺸﻤﻞ آﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ) اﻟﺴﻜﻚ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪﻳﺔ و اﻟﻤﺪن و اﻟﻘﺮى و ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺎرات اﻟﻄﺮق و أﻻ ﺳﻤﺎء ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺘﻴﻦ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ و اﻻﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ(‬
‫‪.‬اﻻﺣﻤﺮ ‪ :‬و ﻳﻤﺜﻞ اﻟﻄﺮق ﺑﺪرﺟﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬
‫اﻻزرق ‪ :‬وﻳﺸﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ و اﻟﺘﺮع و اﻟﻤﺼﺎرف و اﻟﺒﺤﻴﺮات‬
‫اﻟﺮﻣﺎدي ‪ :‬و ﻳﺸﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺎت و اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﺴﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺒﻨﻲ اﻟﻔﺎﺗﺢ ‪ :‬و ﻳﺸﻤﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﺮﻣﺎل‬
‫اﻟﺒﻨﻲ ‪ :‬و ﻳﺸﻤﻞ اﻟﻜﻨﺘﻮرات و ﻧﻘﻂ اﻻرﺗﻔﺎع‬
‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٥٦‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺗﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﻀﺎرﻳﺲ ‪ :‬وﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﺧﻄﻮط اﻟﻜﻨﺘﻮر ‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﻂ اﻻرﺗﻔﺎع ‪،‬ﻧﻘﻂ اﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ اﻻﻓﻘﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬اﻟﺮوﺑﻴﺮات‬
‫‪ ،‬اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻣﻨﺴﻮب اﻟﺒﺤﺮ ‪ ،‬ﺣﺪود اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﺰراﻋﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬اﻟﺮﻣﺎل‬
‫اﻟﻨﻘﻞ‪ :‬اﻟﺴﻜﻚ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪﻳﺔ ‪ ،‬اﻟﻄﺮق اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬اﻟﻄﺮق اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ ‪ ،‬اﻟﻤﺪﻗﺎت ‪ ،‬اﻟﻜﺒﺎري ‪،‬‬
‫اﻻﻧﻔﺎق‬
‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﻢ اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﺘﺠﻤﻌﺎت اﻟﺴﻜﻨﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬اﻟﻤﻘﺎﺑﺮ ‪ ،‬ﺣﺪود اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎت ‪،‬ﺣﺪود اﻟﻤﺮاآﺰ‬
‫‪،‬ﺣﺪود اﻟﻘﺮى ‪،‬اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺟﻢ ‪،‬اﻟﻤﺤﺎﺟﺮ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﻢ اﻷﺧﺮى‪ :‬اﻻﺷﺠﺎر ‪ ،‬اﻟﺒﺴﺎﺗﻴﻦ ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﻄﺎت اﻟﺼﺮف ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ ‪ ،‬أﻻﻣﺎآﻦ‬
‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺨﻴﻪ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ ‪ :‬اﻻﻧﻬﺎر ‪ ،‬اﻟﺒﺤﻴﺮات ‪ ،‬اﻟﺒﺤﺎر ‪ ،‬اﻟﺴﺪود ‪ ،‬اﻻﺑﺎر ‪ ،‬اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻨﻘﻌﺎت ‪ ،‬اﻟﻌﻴﻮن‬
‫اﻟﻤﺎﺋﻴﺔ ‪،‬اﻟﺘﺮع و اﻟﻤﺼﺎرف ﺑﺪرﺟﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺮاﻓﻖ‪ :‬ﺧﻄﻮط اﻟﺘﻠﻴﻔﻮﻧﺎت ‪ ،‬ﺧﻄﻮط اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻲ ‪ ،‬اﻟﻤﺤﻮﻻت‬
‫أوﻗﻒ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻬﺬا اﻟﻤﻘﻴﺎس ﺳﻨﺔ ‪١٩٦٧‬‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٥٧‬‬
 ‫ ﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺷﻤﺎل اﻟﺪﻟﺘﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮى‬٢٥ ٠٠٠ : ١ ‫دﻟﻴﻞ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٥٨

 ‫دﻟﻴﻞ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ‬
‫ ﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬٢٥ ٠٠٠ : ١
‫اﻟﻔﻴﻮم واﻟﻮاﺳﻄﻰ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮى‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٥٩

 ‫دﻟﻴﻞ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ‬
٢٥ ٠٠٠ : ١
‫ﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻗﻨﺎ وأﺳﻴﻮط‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮى‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٦٠

 ‫دﻟﻴﻞ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ‬
٢٥ ٠٠٠ : ١
‫ﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ أﺳﻮان‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬
‫اﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮى‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٦١

 ‫دﻟﻴﻞ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ‬
٢٥ ٠٠٠ : ١
‫ﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺗﻮﺷﻜﻰ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬
‫اﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮى‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٦٢

 ‫دﻟﻴﻞ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ‬
٢٥ ٠٠٠ : ١
‫ﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻟﻮاﺣﺔ ﺳﻴﻮﻩ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮى‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٦٣

 ‫دﻟﻴﻞ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ‬
‫ ﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬٢٥ ٠٠٠ : ١
‫اﻟﻮاﺣﺎت اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﻪ‬
‫واﻟﺨﺎرﺟﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬
‫اﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮى‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٦٤

 ٢٥ ٠٠٠ :١ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل ﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ ﺑﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎس‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٦٥

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٦٦
 ١٠ ٠٠٠ : ١ ‫دﻟﻴﻞ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﻤﺼﻮرة‬
(‫)اﻟﺪﻟﺘﺎ‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٦٨

 ‫أﺳﻤﺎء و أرﻗﺎم اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ ‪ ٥٠ ٠٠٠ : ١‬ﻓﻰ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﺪﻟﺘﺎ واﻟﻤﺘﺎح ﻟﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ ‪١٠ ٠٠٠ : ١‬‬
‫‪P3a‬‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺪي آﺮﻳﺮ‬ ‫‪M5b‬‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺮج‬ ‫‪I1a‬‬ ‫ﺟﺒﻞ ﻗﻨﻄﺮﻩ‬ ‫‪I4c‬‬ ‫أﺑﻮ اﻟﻤﻄﺎﻣﻴﺮ‬ ‫‪J2a‬‬ ‫ﺟﺒﻞ ﻋﻮﻳﺒﻴﺪ‬
‫‪P3b‬‬ ‫أﻻﺳﻜﻨﺪرﻳﻪ‬ ‫‪M6a‬‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻄﻴﻢ‬ ‫‪I1b‬‬ ‫وادي اﻟﻔﺎرغ‬ ‫‪I4d‬‬ ‫ﺣﻮش ﻋﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫‪J2b‬‬ ‫ﺟﻨﻴﻔﻪ‬
‫‪M1a‬‬ ‫آﻔﺮ اﻟﺪوار‬ ‫‪M6b‬‬ ‫ﺷﺮق ﺑﻠﻄﻴﻢ‬ ‫‪I1c‬‬ ‫ﺟﺒﻞ ﺣﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫‪I5a‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮآﺰ أﻻﺷﺮاف‬ ‫‪J2c‬‬ ‫وادي اﻟﻌﺸﺮﻩ‬
‫‪M1b‬‬ ‫دﻣﻨﻬﻮر‬ ‫‪N1a‬‬ ‫دآﺮﻧﺲ‬ ‫‪I1d‬‬ ‫وادي اﻟﻨﻄﺮون‬ ‫‪I5b‬‬ ‫ﺗﻼ‬ ‫‪J4a‬‬ ‫اﻟﺰﻗﺎزﻳﻖ‬
‫‪M1c‬‬ ‫أﺑﻮ ﻗﻴﺮ‬ ‫‪N1b‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫‪I2a‬‬ ‫ﻗﺎرة اﻟﺮﻣﻞ‬ ‫‪I5c‬‬ ‫ءاﻳﺘﺎي اﻟﺒﺎرود‬ ‫‪J4b‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻞ اﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ‬
‫‪M1d‬‬ ‫رﺷﻴﺪ‬ ‫‪N1c‬‬ ‫ﻓﺎرﺳﻜﻮر‬ ‫‪I2b‬‬ ‫ﺟﺒﻞ ﺣﻤﺰﻩ‬ ‫‪I5d‬‬ ‫ﻏﺮب ﻃﻨﻄﺎ‬ ‫‪J4c‬‬ ‫آﻔﺮ ﺻﻘﺮ‬
‫‪M2a‬‬ ‫دﺳﻮق‬ ‫‪N1d‬‬ ‫دﻣﻴﺎط‬ ‫‪I2c‬‬ ‫ﺟﺒﻞ اﻟﺪﺑﻪ‬ ‫‪I6a‬‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻴﻦ اﻟﻜﻮم‬ ‫‪J4d‬‬ ‫ﺻﺎن اﻟﺤﺠﺮ‬
‫‪M2b‬‬ ‫آﻔﺮ اﻟﺸﻴﺦ‬ ‫‪N2a‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻄﺮﻳﻪ‬ ‫‪I2d‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻮف‬ ‫‪I6b‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺖ ﻏﻤﺮ‬ ‫‪J5a‬‬ ‫أﺑﻮ ﺻﻮﻳﺮ‬
‫‪M2c‬‬ ‫ءادﻓﻴﻨﺎ‬ ‫‪N2c‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮ اﻟﻀﻬﺮﻩ‬ ‫‪I3a‬‬ ‫ﻏﺮب اﻟﻘﺎهﺮﻩ‬ ‫‪I6c‬‬ ‫ﺷﺮق ﻃﻨﻄﺎ‬ ‫‪J5c‬‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮف ﺑﺤﺮ اﻟﺒﻘﺮ‬
‫‪M2d‬‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺪي ﺳﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫‪N2d‬‬ ‫ﺑﻮرﺳﻌﻴﺪ‬ ‫‪I3b‬‬ ‫ﺷﺮق اﻟﻘﺎهﺮﻩ‬ ‫‪I6d‬‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﺒﻼوﻳﻦ‬ ‫‪E6c‬‬ ‫أهﺮاﻣﺎت اﻟﺠﻴﺰﻩ‬
‫‪M3a‬‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻼ‬ ‫‪L3b‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻘﺎر اﻟﻤﺠﺎﺑﺮﻩ‬ ‫‪I3c‬‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫‪J1a‬‬ ‫ﺟﺒﻞ اﻟﻌﻨﻘﺎﺑﻴﻪ‬ ‫‪E6d‬‬ ‫ﺣﻠﻮان‬
‫‪M3b‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺼﻮرﻩ‬ ‫‪L6b‬‬ ‫ﺟﺒﻞ ﺧﺸﻢ اﻟﻘﺎﻋﻮد‬ ‫‪I3d‬‬ ‫أﻧﺸﺎص‬ ‫‪J1b‬‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺑﻴﻘﻲ‬
‫‪M3c‬‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻣﻮل‬ ‫‪L6c‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮج اﻟﻌﺮب‬ ‫‪I4a‬‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ اﻟﻨﻮﺑﺎرﻳﻪ‬ ‫‪J1c‬‬ ‫ﺑﻠﺒﻴﺲ‬
‫‪M3d‬‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻼﻟﻪ‬ ‫‪L6d‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮﺑﺎرﻳﻪ‬ ‫‪I4b‬‬ ‫ﺟﺒﻞ ﻧﻌﻮم‬ ‫‪J1d‬‬ ‫وادي ﺳﻜﺮان‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٦٩‬‬
 ‫‪٢ ٥٠٠ : ١‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم هﺬا اﻟﻤﻘﻴﺎس ﻓﻰ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﻄﺒﻮﻏﺮاﻓﻴﺔ وآﺬﻟﻚ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻐﻄﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ‪ ١‬آﻢ ﺷﻤﺎﻻ × ‪١٫٥‬آﻢ ﺷﺮﻗﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬أﺑﻌﺎدهﺎ ‪ ٥٨٫٥ :‬ﺳﻢ ﺷﻤﺎﻻ × ‪ ٨٤‬ﺳﻢ ﺷﺮﻗﺎ‬
‫اﻟﻮاﻧﻬﺎ ‪ :‬ﺗﻄﺒﻊ اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻮن اﻻﺳﻮد ﻋﻠﻲ ورق أﺑﻴﺾ‬
‫ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺗﻬﺎ ‪ :‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﻢ اﻟﺤﻀﺎرﻳﺔ آﺎﻟﺴﻜﻚ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪﻳﺔ و اﻟﺘﺮع واﻟﻤﺼﺎرف واﻟﻄﺮق‬
‫واﻟﻜﺒﺎري و اﻟﻜﺘﻞ اﻟﺴﻜﻨﻴﺔ و اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﺰراﻋﻴﺔ و اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂت اﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ وآﺬﻟﻚ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﻢ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ آﺴﻮاﺣﻞ اﻟﺒﺤﺮ و ﻧﻬﺮ اﻟﻨﻴﻞ واﻟﺒﺮك و اﻟﺒﺤﻴﺮات و ﺗﻜﺘﺐ اﻻﺳﻤﺎء‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ و اﻻﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٧٠‬‬
 ٢٥٠٠ : ١ ‫دﻟﻴﻞ ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ‬
‫ﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﺳﻮهﺎج‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٧١

 ٢٥٠٠ : ١ ‫دﻟﻴﻞ ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ‬
‫ﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ أﺳﻴﻮط‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٧٢

 ٢٥٠٠ : ١ ‫دﻟﻴﻞ ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ‬
‫ﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ اﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٧٣

 ٢٥٠٠ : ١ ‫دﻟﻴﻞ ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ‬
‫ﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ اﻟﺒﺤﻴﺮة‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٧٤

 ٢٥٠٠:١ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل ﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ ﺑﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﺒﻠﻮآﺎت ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎس‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٧٥

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٧٦
 ٢٥٠٠:١ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل ﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ ﺑﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎس‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٧٧

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٧٨
 ‫‪١٠٠٠ : ١‬‬
‫ﺗﻐﻄﻲ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ‪ ٥٠٠ :‬م ﺷﻤﺎﻻ × ‪ ٧٥٠‬م ﺷﺮﻗﺎ‬
‫أﺑﻌﺎدهﺎ ‪ ٥٠ :‬ﺳﻢ ﺷﻤﺎﻻ × ‪ ٧٥‬ﺳﻢ ﺷﺮﻗﺎ‬
‫اﻟﻮاﻧﻬﺎ ‪ :‬ﺗﻄﺒﻊ اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻮن اﻻﺳﻮد ﻋﻠﻲ ورق أﺑﻴﺾ‬
‫‪:‬ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺗﻬﺎ‪ :‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﻢ اﻟﺤﻀﺎرﻳﺔ آﺎﻟﺴﻜﻚ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪﻳﺔ و اﻟﺘﺮع و اﻟﻤﺼﺎرف‬
‫واﻟﻄﺮق و اﻟﻜﺒﺎري و اﻟﻜﺘﻞ اﻟﺴﻜﻨﻴﺔ و اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﺰراﻋﻴﺔ و اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂت اﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ وآﺬﻟﻚ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﻢ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ آﺴﻮاﺣﻞ اﻟﺒﺤﺮ و ﻧﻬﺮ اﻟﻨﻴﻞ و اﻟﺒﺮك و اﻟﺒﺤﻴﺮات‬
‫و ﺗﻜﺘﺐ اﻻﺳﻤﺎء ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ و اﻻﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٧٩‬‬
 ‫اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ‬

‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ اﻟﻤﻌﺪل‬

New Egyptian Datum 95

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٨٠

 ‫‪ -‬ﻓﻰ هﺬا اﻟﻨﻈﺎم ﺗﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻊ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻰ ‪WGS84‬‬

‫ﺗﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﻘﻄﺮ اﻟﻤﺼﺮى اﻟﻰ ‪ ٥‬أﺣﺰﻣﺔ وﺑﻌﺮض ‪ ٣‬درﺟﺎت ﻃﻮﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺣﺰام‪.‬‬

‫ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت ﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻴﺎت آﻞ ﺣﺰام هﻮ ﺧﻂ اﻻﺳﺘﻮاء )ﺑﺪﻻ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻂ ﻋﺮض ‪ ٣٠‬ﻓﻰ‬

‫اﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ(‪.‬‬

‫‪ -‬اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻊ اﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎرى ﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺣﺰام هﻮ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﺧﻂ اﻻﺳﺘﻮاء ﻣﻊ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻰ ﻟﻠﺤﺰام ﺑﺈﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻋﺘﺒﺎرﻳﺔ ﺻﻔﺮ آﻢ ﺷﻤﺎﻻ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺧﻂ اﻻﺳﺘﻮاء ﻣﻊ‬
‫‪ ٣٠٠‬آﻢ ﺷﺮﻗﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٨١‬‬
 ‫‪ -١‬اﻟﺤﺰام اﻷﺣﻤﺮ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺧﻄﻰ ﻃﻮل ‪ ٢٧،٢٤‬درﺟﺔ ﺷﺮﻗﺎ‪ ،‬وﺧﻂ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻟﻪ هﻮ‬
‫‪ ٢٥ ٣٠‬درﺟﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -٢‬اﻟﺤﺰام اﻷﺧﻀﺮ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺧﻄﻰ ﻃﻮل ‪ ٣٠،٢٧‬درﺟﺔ ﺷﺮﻗﺎ‪ ،‬وﺧﻂ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻟﻪ‬
‫هﻮ ‪ ٢٨ ٣٠‬درﺟﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -٣‬اﻟﺤﺰام اﻟﺒﻨﻰ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺧﻄﻰ ﻃﻮل ‪ ٣٣،٣٠‬درﺟﺔ ﺷﺮﻗﺎ‪ ،‬وﺧﻂ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻟﻪ هﻮ‬
‫‪ ٣١ ٣٠‬درﺟﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -٤‬اﻟﺤﺰام اﻟﺒﻨﻔﺴﺠﻰ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺧﻄﻰ ﻃﻮل ‪ ٣٦،٣٣‬درﺟﺔ ﺷﺮﻗﺎ‪ ،‬وﺧﻂ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻟﻪ‬
‫هﻮ ‪ ٣٤ ٣٠‬درﺟﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -٥‬اﻟﺤﺰام اﻷزرق ﺑﻴﻦ ﺧﻄﻰ ﻃﻮل ‪ ٣٩،٣٦‬درﺟﺔ ﺷﺮﻗﺎ‪ ،‬وﺧﻂ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻟﻪ‬
‫هﻮ ‪ ٣٧ ٣٠‬درﺟﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying‬‬ ‫‪Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby‬‬ ‫‪٨٢‬‬
 ‫ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ اﻷﺣﺰﻣﺔ ﻓﻰ‬
‫ﻧﻈﺎم اﻷﺳﻘﺎط اﻟﻤﻌﺪل‬

E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٨٣

 Thanks
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I am glad to receive your additional comments at:
E-mail: saidmaghraby@yahoo.com
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٨٤