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API 580 Closed Book Questions
API 580 Closed Book Questions
1) A physical condition or a release of a haz- ardous material that could result from component
failure and result in human injury or death, loss or damage, or environ- mental degradation.
A.
Hazard
B.
Loss
C.
Failure
2) Limitation of any negative conse- quence or reduction in probability of a particular event.
A.
B.
C.
Mitigation
Reduction
Residual
3) Methods that use engineering judgment and experience as the bases for the analysis of
probabilities and consequences of failure.
A.
Qualitative risk assessment
B.
Relative risk
C.
Nominal risk
4) An analysis that identifies and delineates the combinations of events, estimates the frequency of
occurrence for each combination and estimates the consequences.
A.
Qunatitative risk analysis
B.
Qualitative risk analysis
C.
Process hazard analysis
5) uses logic models depicting combinations of events
A. Qunatitative risk analysis
B. Qualitative risk analysis
C. Process hazard analysis
Event trees
Fault trees
Logic trees
8) .. Depict ways in which the system failures rep- resented in the event trees can occur.
A. Event trees
B. Fault trees
C. Logic trees
9) The comparative risk of a facility, process unit, system, equipment item or component to other
facilities
A.
B.
C.
Relative risk
Absolute risk
No risk
Risk
Failure
Loss
Reduction
11) Systematic use of information to identify sources and to estimate the risk.
A. Risk
B. Risk analysis
C. Hazard analysis
12) .. Pro- vides a basis for risk evaluation, risk mitigation and risk acceptance.
A. Risk
B. Risk analysis
C. Hazard analysis
13) Process used to assign values to the probability and consequence of a risk.
A.
Risk evaluation
B.
Risk estimation
C.
Risk identification
14) Process used to compare the esti- mated risk against given risk criteria to determine the significance of the risk.
A. Risk evaluation
B. Risk estimation
C. Risk identification
15) Process to find, list, and char- acterize elements of risk.
A.
Risk estimation
B.
Risk evaluation
C.
Risk identification
16) Coordinated activities to direct and control an organization with regard to risk.
A.
B.
C.
Risk management
Risk evaluation
Risk control
Unmitigated risk
Known risk
Mitigated risk
20) is the combination of the probability of some event occurring during a time period of
interest and the conse- quences, associated with the event.
A. Risk
B. Loss
C. Mitigated risk
21) Act of mitigating a known risk to a lower level of risk
A.
B.
C.
Risk reduction
Risk mitigation
Risk evaluation
22) A pro- cess to assess risks, to determine if risk reduction is required and to develop a plan to
maintain risks at an acceptable level.
A.
B.
C.
Risk management
Risk mitigation
Risk control
23) When somem risk identified as acceptable then one of the following is not required
A.
B.
C.
D.
Risk reduction
Risk evaluation
Risk mitigation
Risk control
24) In process plants, are established to detect and evaluate deterioration due to inser- vice operation
A.
B.
C.
D.
25) When an equipment has low deterioration rates as an inspector what you decide in lieu of internal
inspection
A.
B.
C.
On-stream inspection
Out of service inspection
External inspection
26) represents the next generation of inspection approaches and interval setting,
recognizing that the ultimate goal of inspection is the safety and reliability of operating facilities.
A.
Rbi
Pha
Hazop
Rcm
28) provides a consistent methodology for assessing the optimum combination of methods
and frequencies.
A.
Rbi
B.
Rcm
C.
Pha
D.
Hazop
29) Through , inspection activities are focused on higher risk items and away from lower
risk items.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Rbi
Pha
Rcm
Hazop
30) Following are not the residual risk factors for loss of containment
A.
B.
C.
D.
Human error
Natural disasters
Fundamental limitations of inspection method
Toxic fluid containment
34) If the prob- ability and consequence combination (risk) is high enough to be unacceptable, then
A.
A mitigation action to predict or prevent the event is recommended.
B.
A mitigation action to predict or prevent the event is not recommended
C.
Warrant to analyse risks involved
35) ..refers to a prescrip- tive methodology that has resulted from the application of risk
analysis techniques at many different types of facilities,
A.
B.
C.
36) A rbi analysis shares many of the techniques and data requirements with a .
A.
B.
C.
D.
Qra
Pha
Hazop
Event tree
37) If a qra has been prepared for a process unit, the analysis can borrow extensively from
this effort.
A.
B.
C.
Rbi consequence
Rbi liklihood
Rbi probability
38) Hazard identification in a rbi analysis generally focuses on identifiable failure mech- anisms in the
equipment (inspectable causes) but does not explicitly deal with
A.
B.
C.
Other potential failure scenarios resulting from events such as power failures or human
errors.
Other potential failure resulting from events such as flammable fire due to leak from
equipment
Environmental impact caused due to toxic release
39) ..deals with total risk than with risk involve only with the equipment
A.
B.
C.
D.
Qra
Rbi
Pha
Fta
44) The probability of failure, when cou- pled with the associated consequence of failure (cof)
(seesection 11) will determine .associated with the equipment item,
A.
B.
C.
Operating risk
Ranking
Residual risk
Inspection
Evaluation
Analysis
47) Following are some of the recognised risks which cannot be managed by inspection alone except one
A.
B.
C.
D.
Replacement or upgrade
Equipment redesign
Maintenance of strict controls on operating conditions
Risk management by monitoring the deterioration
49) In the event of a leak the potential failure of an isolation valve could
A.
B.
C.
Mechanical integrity
Total asset integrity
Plant integrity
Risk criteria
Risk plan
Risk analysis
56) .. Is usually not the primary objec- tive of a rbi assessment, but it is frequently a
side effect of optimization.
A.
B.
C.
57) When the inspection program is optimized based on an understanding of risk, one or more of the
follow- ing cost reduction benefits may be realized. Except one
A.
B.
C.
More effective infrequent inspections may be substituted for less effective frequent
inspections.
58) The following are the risks identified by rbi assessment that may be man- aged by actions other
than inspection. Except one
A.
B.
C.
D.
59) For qualititive rbi analysis it iis important to establish a set of rules to assure consistency in
A.
B.
C.
Categorization or classification
Segregation
Ranking
60) Generally, a qualitative analysis using broad ranges requires a ..from the user
than a quantitative approach.
A.
B.
61) The models are evaluated..to provide both qualitative and quantitative insights
about the level of risk and to identify the design, site, or operational characteristics that are the
most important to risk.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Probabilistically
Statistically
Linearly
Logically
63)Potential source of errors in rbi analysis regarding data quality are the following except
a.
b.
c.
d.
64)The following assumption can be made that significantly impact the calculated corrosion rate
early in the equipment life
A.
B.
C.
If the base line thickness were not performed the nominal thickness may be used for the
original thcikness
If original thickness not available, averaged ut thickness readings may be used
If the original thickness not available, maximum ut thickness readings may be used
A.
B.
C.
D.
Clerical error
Measurement error
Inspector error
Ut scanning
66)The data validation step stresses the need for a knowledgeable individual
A. To comparing data from the inspections to the expected deterioration
mechanism and rates.
B. To com-pare the results with previous measurements on that system,
C. Similar systems at the site or within the company or published data.
D. All of the above
67) the amount and type of codes and standards used by a facility can have
A.
B.
C.
Process specialists
Plant operation specialists
Asset integrity experts
Inspection engineers
75) curves are referred for htha deterioration mechanism for carbon and
low ally steel materials
A.
B.
C.
Nelson curves
Ph concentration curves
Schmidtt curves for sulfide corrosion
76) Following are the critical variables for deterioration mechanism except
A.
B.
C.
D.
Material of construction
Process operating
Start up and shut down conditions
Insulation
Fatigue
Stress/creep rupture
Tensile overload
Intergranular corrosion
By equipment complexity
Type of deterioration mechanism, process and metallurgical variations,
Inaccessibility for inspection, limitations of inspection and test methods
Lack of coverage of an area subject to deterioration.
None of the above
85)The type of failure mode that likely to occur due to mechanical and
metallurgical deterioration
A.
B.
C.
D.
87)If a very aggressive acid is carried over from a corrosion resistant part of a
system into a downstream vessel that is made of carbon steel, the result
would be
A. Rapid corrosion could result in failure in a few hours or days.
B. General corrosion over a period of time could result in metal loss
C. No deterioration will take place since carbon steel is resistent to
aggressive acid
88)If multiple inspections have been performed, which inspection may best
reflect current operating conditions.
A.
B.
C.
D.
D.
Rbi
Rcm
Pha
Hazop
Numeric
Affected area
Cost
Enviromental damage
Safety
Close range
Wide range
Large distance
None of the above
97) Toxic releases in rbi are only addressed when they affect
A.
B.
C.
Personnel
Equipment
Process
Cost
Release
Volume of fluid
Toxic concentration
101) ..is a powerful tool that is being used by many companies, governments
Cost-benefit analysis
Risk analysis
Cost consequence analysis
Risk based cost analysis
Risk value
Risk matrix
Risk consequence
Risk failure
103) .typically involves reviewing some or all input variables to the risk
Sensitivity analysis
Risk analysis
Process hazard analysis
Safety risk analysis
A.
B.
C.
D.
Sensitivity analysis
Risk analysis
Probability analysis
Process hazard analysis
105) The information gathering performed after the sensitivity analysis should be focused on
developing
A.
B.
C.
D.
106) Too conservative assumptions made for the available or unavailabel data lead to overestimating
consequences or probability of failure values will
A.
B.
C.
D.
107) Once the risk values are developed, one way of presenting results of the risk values are by
108) When the consequence category is given a higher weightage than the probability category then the
risk matrix will be
A.
B.
C.
D.
Symmetrical
Asymmetrical
Logical
None of the above
Screening tool
Guideline tool
Control line tool
Risk determination tool
112)A pressure vessel which is critical for operations,whose design pressure is 15 bar and its operating
pressure under normal conditions vary from 6 bar to 10bar. The vessel is in sulphuric acid process
environment. In due course of time after the vessel put into service for 10years, it subject to thinning
due to sulphuric acid corrosion and found that localised corrosion upto 7mm( nominal thickness10mm, t-min-4mm). The vessel undergone rbi analysis and categorised under higher risk ranking,
following are the best suitable mitigation action to be consired
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Equipment to be decomissioned
Equipment redesign
Reduction of operating pressure acceptable to the process followed by cost effective
inspection program with repair as indicated by the inspection results
All of the above
None of the above
113)The quality of the inspection data and the analysis or interpretation will greatly affect the
A.
B.
C.
D.
114)Following are the tools critical to achiece risk mitigation through inspection
A.
B.
C.
D.
Inspection
Mitigation
Consequence
Failure
116)Which inspection technique for a piping circuit would be considered to have little or no benefit
117)In the case of localised corrosion, which inspection technique is more effective
A.
B.
C.
D.
118)Which are the best cases that may cause deterioration and increase the risk of the equipment when
managing the risk with inspection activities
A.
B.
C.
D.
119) be performed to determine what size flaws, if found in future inspections, would