Cm bin con quay hi

chuyn (Gyroscope)
Nguyn Hng Qun
Lp VP04CT

Gyroscope l mt thit b
dng o hoc duy tr s
nh hng

Gyroscope l g

 Hng khng: Inertial guidance system

(Xem

thm:
http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/Inertial_guidance_sy
stem)

My t ng: Cm bin vn tc gc (Xem thm:

http://auto.howstuffworks.com/28000-traction-controlexplained.htm )

Gii tr / tiu dng:Cm bin hin thc o

(http://archives.sensorsmag.com/articles/0802/14/main.shtml ) ,

pointing device
T ng ho trong cng nghip: iu khin
chuyn ng, robotics

C th gp Gyroscope u?

 Cu to n gin gm bnh (a
qun tnh) quay vi tc cao gn
lng ln khung .
Khi khung ngoi quay,
n tc ng moment
ngoi lc vo a, lm
a chu thm chuyn
ng quay theo
phng vung gc
vi phng quay ca
khung (tu sai)

Nguyn l hot ng

 Khi a xoay vi vn tc rt cao, s chuyn

hng theo moment ngoi lc c gim
thiu (do hu ht b chuyn sang phng
vung gc) gip gyroscope hu nh duy tr
c nghing ca n.
Hin tng m s quay theo trc ny c
chuyn thnh s quay theo trc kia c
dng gim st nghing (trong my
bay)

Nguyn l hot ng

Nguyn l hot ng

 Cng nh gyroscope, cm bin gyroscope

cng li dng hin tng mt vt ang xoay
trn bin chuyn ng theo mt phng
thnh chuyn ng theo phng khc vung
gc.
Cc loi cm bin Gyroscope:
Spinning Mass Gyro (loi Gyroscope ni
trn)
Vibrating Gyroscope (MEMS Gyroscope)
Optical Gyroscope

Cm bin Gyroscope

 Cm bin MEMS gyroscope: o vn tc

xoay ca vt, vi chuyn ng input v
output l chuyn ng tnh tin (thng l
dao ng)
Cm bin MEMS gyroscope da trn hiu
ng Coriolis.

Vibrating Gyroscope

Hiu ng Coriolis l hiu ng xy

ra trong cc h qui chiu quay so
vi cc h quy chiu qun tnh. N
c th hin qua hin tng lch
qu o ca nhng vt chuyn
ng trong h qui chiu ny.

Hiu ng Coriolis

 S lch qu o do mt loi lc qun tnh

gy ra, gi l lc Coriolis. Lc Coriolis c
xc nh bng cng thc sau:
Vn tc ca vt
Vn tc xoay

Hiu ng Coriolis

Cc cm bin gyroscope
s dng mt khi proof
mass dao ng theo mt
phng c gi l
phng s cp.
Khi ny ng thi
b quay quanh mt trc,
lm xut hin lc Coriolis
khin n c thm dao ng theo
phng khc, gi l phng th
cp.

Cu to chung

 Trn phng chuyn ng th cp ny c

gn bn cc t in nhn bit s thay i
in dung gy bi chuyn ng ny, v t
l vn tc xoay.

Vibrating Gyroscope

 o chuyn ng th cp:

Vibrating Gyroscope

MEMS Vibrating Gyroscope

Vibrating Ring Gyroscope

Vibrating Ring Gyroscope

Vibrating Bar Gyroscope

 Laser gyroscope s dng s giao thoa nh

sng laser bn trong mt vnh quang hc
nhn bit thay i v phng hng v s
xoay, ng dng hiu ng Sagnac.
H thng gm 2 tia laser c pht t cng
mt ngun, i ngc chiu nhau theo mt
ng ng dn khp kn (nh cc gng
hay si quang), trn mt nn xoay. Trn
ng tr v ngun pht, chng c cho
thot ra khi thit b theo cch sao cho c
th to ra giao thoa.

Laser gyroscope

Laser gyroscope

 Khi nn xoay, v tr ngun pht cng nh v

tr ch n thay i trong sut thi gian
truyn ca laser, do , mt tia s c hnh
trnh ngn i cn tia kia phi i di hn, kt
qu l h giao thoa b dch chuyn t
dch chuyn ca h giao thoa c th suy
c vn tc xoay ca nn.
A enclosed area
P perimeter (beam path length)
optical wavelength
n normal vector to A
rotation vector

Laser gyroscope

Laser gyroscope

 u im:
Khng c b phn chuyn ng Khng c
ma st Chnh xc hn cm bin c kh.
Nh gn, vng chc.
Khng c xu hng chng li s thay i v
hng nh cm bin c kh.

Nhc im:
B hiu ng lock-in vn tc xoay nh,
mt i tnh chnh xc. Khc phc: to rung
ng tn s cao (dither, mt dng nhiu, dng
lm ngu nhin nhng sai s lng t,
c dng nhiu trong x l tn hiu s)

Laser gyroscope

Thank you for your attention!