Sodium

135-145

Potassium

3.5-5.0

Calcium

8.5-10.9

Chloride

95-105

Magnesium 1.5-2.5
Phosphorus 2.5-4.5
RBC

4.5-5.0 million

WBC 5,000-10,000
Platelets

150,000-400,000

Hgb Female 12-16

Hgb Male

14-18

HCO3 22-26
PCO2 35-45
PaO2 80-100%
SaO2 >95%
Glucose

70-110

Specific Gravity

1.010-1.030

(remember "high is dry")

BUN

7-22

serum creatinine

0.6-1.35

(<2 in older adults is OK)

LDH

100-190

CPK

21-232

Uric Acid

3.5-7.5

Triglycerides 40-50
total cholesterol

130-200

bilirubin

<1

Protein

6.2-8.1

Albumin

3.4-5.0

digoxin (used w/ diuretic and an ACE most of the time. never admin if apical pulse
<60) 0.5-2.0
lithium (bipolar)

0.8-1.5

phenytoin (anticonvulsant)

10-20

theophylline (used in tx of COPD/Asthma)

heart rate (adult)

80-100

resp rate (adult)

12-20

BP (adult)

110/60-120/90

Temp (F)

98.6

10-20

Celsius to Fahrenheit

multiply by 1.8 then add 32

Fahrenheit to Celsius

subtract 32 then divide by 1.8

Heart Rate on EKG Monitor

1500 divided by x = HR

(x = all the small boxes between two R waves)

(OR count all R waves present on a 6 second strip)

Fetal Heart Rate

120-160

(variability = 6-10 BPM)

Contractions normal frequency 2-5 minutes apart; normal duration <90 sec;
intensity <100 mm/hg
amniotic fluid
500-1200 ml (nitrozine urine-litmus paper green; amniotic fluidlitmus paper blue)
APGAR scoring
A= appearance, P= pulses, G= grimace, A= activity, R= reflexes
(Done at 1 and 5min with a score of 0 for absent, 1 for decreased, and 2 for strongly
positive)
AVA umbilical cord has two arteries and one vein (arteries carry deoxygenated
blood and veins carry oxygenated blood)
Folic Acid
Folic Acid = Vitamin B9 (hint = B stands for Brain as it decreases the
incidence of neural tube defects; the client should be taking B9 three months prior
to getting pregnant)
Decelerations

abnormal findings on the fetal monitoring strip

Early Decelerations*safe* Begin prior to peak of the contraction and end by the end
of it. they are caused by head compression. no need for intervention if variability is
within normal range (6-10) and the FHR is within normal range.

Variable Decelerations
noted as V-shaped on strip. Caused by cord compresion.
Intervention is to change mother's position; if pitocin is infusing, stop infusion, apply
oxygen, and increase rate of IV fluids. Contact MD is problem persists.
Late Decels Uteroplacental Insufficiency *emergent* Intervention is to position
mother on left side, stop pitocin infusion, apply oxygen, increase IV fluids, and
contact MD if problem persists.
TORCHS syndrome in the neonate
combination of diseases including
toxoplasmosis, rubella (german measles), cytomegalovirus, herpes, and syphyllis.
Pregnant RNs should not be assigned to care for clients with toxoplasmosis or
cytomegalovirus.
STOP treatment for maternal hypotension after epidural anesthesia
1. Stop pitocin (if infusing)
2. turn client on left side
3. admin O2
4. if hypovolemia present, push IV fluids
KVO

(keep vein open rate) 20ml/hr

coumadin (sodium warfarin) PT 10-12 sec (control)

warfarin antidote

vitamin k

heparin PTT 30-45 sec (control)

heparin antidote

protamine sulfate

therapeutic bleeding time 1.5-2 times the control

Early Decels

https://o.quizlet.com/amJH8o8W4QXnYlE57nyehQ_m.jpg

Variable Decels

https://o.quizlet.com/SPHuzsTCf04HtaIwR6mUVA_m.jpg

Late Decelerations

https://o.quizlet.com/Gex4GUf038JO.If1zya9LA_m.jpg

heart sounds (mnemonic = "All Physicians Earn Too Muchmoney" OR APes Eat Tribal
Men"
https://o.quizlet.com/QjfePZul8gmxERVRQgWWWw_m.jpg
TB... PPD is positive if area of induration is:
>5 mm in an immunocompromised patient
>10 mm in a normal patient
>15 mm in a patient who lives in an area where TB is very rare. TB test
ROME respiratory opposite metabolic equal
pH down, CO2 up, HCO3 up =

respiratory acidosis

pH down, CO2 down, and HCO3 down =

metabolic acidosis

(diarrhea *metabolic ASSidosis*)

pH up, CO2 down, and HCO3 down =
pH up, CO2 up, HCO3 up =

respiratory alkalosis

metabolic alkalosis

(vomiting)
(also...alKaLOsis = K is low)
Addison's

Everything is LOW but K is high

(Increase sodium intake to tx hyponatremia; lifelong corticoid therapy will be

needed)
Cushing's
Everything is HIGH but K is low (tx = restriction of sodium; observe for
signs of infection)
Treatment for spider bites/bleeding
extremity)
Treatment for Sickle Cell Crisis

RICE (rest, ice, compression, elevation of

HHOP (heat, hydration, oxygen, pain meds)

Five Ps of fractures and compartment syndrome

Parasthesia, Polar (cold)

Pain, Pallor, Pulselessness,

Hip Fractures
Hip Fractures commonly hemorrhage while femur fractures are
at risk for fat emboli
Profile of gallbladder disease

fair, fat, forty, five pregnancies, flatulent

Angiotensin Converting Agents -pril drugs

Beta Blockers

-olol drugs

anti-infectives

-micin, -mycin

benzos

-azine

glucocorticoids
antivirals

-one

-vir

lipid lowering drugs

-statin

ARBs -artan
Cox2 enxyme blockers

-coxib

histamine 2 antagonist drugs

-ine (ex = cimetidine)

(block release of histamine)

proton pump inhibitors
anticoagulants

-azole

-in sodium (ex= heparin sodium)

(prevent clot formation)

miotics

constrict pupils

mydriatics

dilate pupils

naegele's rule
year

add 7 days to first day of LMP, subtract 3 months, and add 1

Fetal Heart Tones

https://o.quizlet.com/HNLHXttbIkbhZ6q-thmXhg_m.png

Renal Diet high calorie, high carb, low protein, low potassium, low sodium, and
fluid restriction to intake = output +500ml
Gout Diet
low purine; omit poultry (medications for acute episodes = colchinine;
maintenence med = zyloprim)
Heart Healthy Diet low fat (less than 30% of calories should be from fat)
airborne precautions

MTV (measles, TB, varicella)

ventilator alarms HOLD (High pressure alarm = Obstruction; increased secretions,

kink in tubing, pt coughing/gagging/biting)
(Low Pressure alarm = Disconnection; or leak in airway cuff)
Hyperglycemia

hot and dry = sugar is high

Hypoglycemia

cold and clammy need some candy

Jewish diet

no dairy and meat together; no shellfish, kosher diet

1 oz =30ml
1 cup =

8oz

1 gram=

1000mg

1 kg= 2.2 lbs

1lb= 16oz
drawing up insulin Nicole Richie RN (air into NPH, air into Regular, draw up Regular,
Draw up NPH)
MAOIs -ar- (PANAMA = parnate, nardil, marplan)
(foods with tyramin contraindicated)
salt substitutues
contain potassium and are contraindicated with use of many
medications such as ACE drugs
Are you going to pass the nclex-rn?

OBV.