Buckling Analysis

Step

00

Overview of Buckling Analysis

Buckling Analysis
Buckling analysis evaluates the instability of a structure subjected to compression loads.
The instability of the structure due to buckling is not dependent on the strengths of materials. Rather it is closely related to the
geometric shape, stiffness and boundary conditions of the structure.
When an axial compressive force is acting at the end of a long and slender structure, only the axial deformation proportional to the
magnitude of the load takes place. However, if the magnitude exceeds its critical point, the structure undergoes large deformation
without further increasing the load.

Buckling of cylinderical columns

F

A. Identical cross-section
subjected to the same
load, but with different
lengths

Deformed

B. Identical length
subjected to the same
load, but with different
cross-sections

For A, since the cross-sectional areas of the two cylindrical columns

Large
deformation
(buckling)
occurs

are the same, the stresses are the same, defined by =F/A. However, a
large deflection (buckling) may occur if the length increases.
F

For B, since the lengths are the same while their cross-sectional areas
are different, buckling will likely occur in the column of smaller

diameter, which is subjected to a larger stress. That is, a column with a

smaller cross-sectional area and longer length is more prone to

Deformed

Large
deformation
(buckling)
occurs

buckling.

Buckling Analysis

Step

00

Overview of Buckling Analysis

Loads / Boundary Conditions

Loadings are applied in the same way as linear static analysis.
Boundary conditions are defined in buckling analysis also identically to static analysis.
Buckling is significantly affected by boundary conditions, which need to reflect true constraints.

Pinned-pinned

Top free,
Bottom fixed

Fixed-fixed

Top pinned,
Bottom fixed

Buckling Analysis

Step

00

Summary

Summary
Buckling Analysis
-

Unit: N, mm

Geometric Model: Buckling.x_t

Rectangular Pipe

Loads and Boundary Conditions

-

Fixed

Force (160KN)

Results Verification
-

Displacements

Eigenvalues

Mode Shapes

Comparison with Theory

Rectangular Pipe

Step

00

Analysis Summary

Objectives of Tutorial
Understanding the basics of
linear buckling analysis and the
process of analysis

Linear Buckling Analysis Types

Linear Buckling Analysis

- A structure subjected to a large axial

pressure load

Linear Static
Analysis

- A slender column under axial loads

Geom. Stiffness
Calc.

- A thin cylindrical structure subjected to

external pressure around the edge
- A long and slender cantilever subjected to a

Eigenvalues
Analysis

K I K S 0

Buckling Load
Calc.

Pcr Pa

Eigenvalues
Calc.

Structural Stability

( Calc.)

Verification

lateral pressure load acting at the tip

Analysis Summary
Target Model

Boundary Condition (Fixed)

Load Condition
(Conc. Load)

Finite Element model (Tetra Mesher)

Apply concentrated load

at the top plane: -160 KN

Assign fixed boundary

condition at the other end
plane

Rectangular Pipe

Step

00

Analysis Summary

Calculation of the critical load

n 2 E I
Pcr
4 L2

P1

Cross Section : 150mm 150mm

Thickness (t ) : 10mm
Length ( L) : 3000mm

P3

12 70 109

1
((0.15 0.153 ) (0.13 0.133 ))
12
352.86 KN
4 32

32 70 109

1
((0.15 0.153 ) (0.13 0.133 ))
12
3175.8KN
2
43

52 70 109

1
((0.15 0.153 ) (0.13 0.133 ))
12
8821KN
4 32

P 160 KN
E 70GMa

0.33
7.850kg / m

P5

Rectangular Pipe

Step

01

Model & LBC > Geometry > Import

Procedure
1

Click [

Click [Geometry] - [Import].

Model: Select Buckling.x_t.

Click [Open].

] (New).

Note: Tutorial models are included

in the folder, Manuals / Tutorials /
Files, in the installed program

folder.

Click [New] to activate all menus.

Check File type and Length Unit

Rectangular Pipe

Step

02

Model & LBC > Geometry > Material

Procedure
1

Click [Geometry] - [Material].

ID: 2 , Name: Enter User Define.

Elastic Modulus: Enter 70000.

2
1

Poissons Ratio: Enter 0.33.

Mass Density: Enter7.85e-9.
4

Click [OK].

Rectangular Pipe

Step

03

Model & LBC > Geometry > Material

(Material assignment-User Define)

Procedure
1

After selection of the model in the

work window, right-click
Geometry.

Select [Material] > [User Define].

Right-click each part under Geometry

to assign them various materials.
To assign the same material on all the

parts, simply right-click Geometry and

select the material.

Rectangular Pipe

Step

04

Model & LBC > Boundary > Support

Procedure
1

Click [Boundary] - [Support].

Name: Enter Fix.

Target: Select 1 Plane (Refer to

Picture).
4

Condition: Enter Fixed.

Click [OK].
2

Rectangular Pipe

10

Step

05

Model & LBC > Static Load > Force

Procedure
1

Click [Static Load] [Force].

Select Isometric2.

Name: Enter Force.

Target: Select 1 Plane. (Refer to

Picture)
2
5

Load Type: Select Total Force.

Y Direction Load: Enter -160000.

Click [OK].

Rectangular Pipe

11

Step

06

Model & LBC > Mesh > Auto

Mesh

Procedure
1

Click [Mesh] - [Auto Mesh].

Select all the models as target.

Select High Speed Tetra Mesher.

Click [Option <<] button.

Verify that High-Order Element is

checked.
6

Click [OK].

Click [

] (Select All) Icon to select

the total model displayed on the work

window.

Rectangular Pipe

12

Step

07

Analysis & Results > Analysis Case > General

Procedure
1

Click [Analysis Case] - [General].

Name: Enter Buckling.

Analysis Type: Select [Buckling].

3

Click [OK].

Rectangular Pipe

13

Step

08

Analysis & Results > Analysis > Perform

Procedure
1

Click [Analysis] - [Perform].

Click [OK].

Save As: Enter Buckling.

Click [Save(S)].

Once midas NFX is executed, the

solver becomes engaged. Click Stop
Execution! to interrupt the calculation.

3
4

Rectangular Pipe

14

Step

09

Analysis & Results Works Tree > Buckling > Mode Analysis > MODE

Procedure
1

Click [

] (Top) Icon.

Select Deform>Deformed +

Undeformed (Transparent).
3

Select Auto Scale (*2).

In the Analysis & Results Works

Tree, Double-click MODE 1,

TOTAL DISPLACEMENT (V).
None (O)

Rectangular Pipe

15

Step

10

Analysis & Results Works Tree > Buckling > Mode Analysis > MODE

Procedure
1

Click [

] (Top) Icon.

Select Deform>Deformed +

Undeformed (Transparent).
3

Select Auto Scale (*2).

In the Analysis & Results Works

Tree, Double-click MODE 3,

TOTAL DISPLACEMENT (V).
None (O)

Rectangular Pipe

16

Step

11

Analysis & Results Works Tree > Buckling > Mode Analysis > MODE

Procedure
1

Click [

] (Top) Icon.

Select Deform>Deformed +

Undeformed (Transparent).
3

Select Auto Scale (*2).

In the Analysis & Results Works

Tree, Double-click MODE 5,
TOTAL DISPLACEMENT (V).

None (O)

Rectangular Pipe

17

Step

00
12

Analysis Summary

Comparison with Theory

n 2 E I
Pcr
4 L2

P1

12 70 109

1
((0.15 0.153 ) (0.13 0.133 ))
MODE 1
12
352.86 KN
4 32

n 1

MODE 1

160 KN 2.2055 352.875 KN

P3

P5

32 70 109

52 70 109

1
MODE 3
((0.15 0.153 ) (0.13 0.133 ))
12
3175.8KN
2
43

1
((0.15 0.153 ) (0.13 0.133 )) MODE 5
12
8821KN
4 32

n3

MODE 3

160 KN 19.221 3075.36 KN

n5

MODE 5

160 KN 50.0744 8011.904 KN

Rectangular Pipe

18