Technical progression at global scale has put more pressure on developing countr

ies to improve their infrastructure and progress in other important areas for pr
osperity. Indian Prime Minister Mr. Modi has vision to make smart cities in Indi
a to enhance the living of populace. The Prime Minister Narendra Modi wants to b
uild 100 smart cities in India therefore .government has made "comprehensive pla
n" for the management of urban green spaces. The NDA Government under Prime Mini
ster Narendra Modi is committed to develop smarts cities across India. In his el
ection campaign in May 2014, Mr. Narendra Modi made promise to construct 100 sma
rt cities all over India. This focus of his urban programme intends to help fast
development of remote cities and major urban centres to become the attractions
of overseas investment and jobs.
In various news report and documents it is demonstrated that the guidelines to r
ecognize a city as the smart city will be prepared by the department of industri
al policy and promotion. The standards for being recognised as a smart city must
have three of the five infrastructure requirements such as energy management, w
ater management, transport and travel, safety and security and solid waste manag
ement. Prime Minister Narendra Modi had strongly raised the issue of unemployed
youths migrating from their home States to technologically developed cities such
as Delhi, Mumbai, Surat, Ahmedabad, Chennai and Bangalore to improve their life
style and gain prosperity which is causing huge economic problems. Such migratio
n is greatly putting burden on the public facilities available in these cities a
s well as there is an issue of getting jobs to needy people. News reports reveal
ed that India will need about 500 new cities to hold the huge arrival of populat
ion from rural or semi developed areas to the urban area. Visualizing the need f
or speedy urbanisation, the Government has made the vision to build hundred smar
t cities to make India manufacturing centre and for the rapid economic developme
nt.
The concept behind developing the smart cities is to create highly advanced urba
n regions in terms of overall infrastructure, sustainable real estate, communica
tions and market viability. When reviewing earlier literature, it has been found
that the urbanization of the universal population is executed but a major trend
which started centuries ago and will persist in the future. Presently, people a
re facing new challenges as the urban population becomes richer, enthusiastic to
travel and more demanding in terms of happiness such as the lessening or contro
l of pollution due to increasing activity, balancing the ease of individual tran
sport and its consequences on traffic blockage, the need for security while pres
erving privacy, the need for instant information on any situation all within the
land of a reduced taxation system.
There is an effective plan to develop smart cities. Essential services to the pe
ople living in these cities will be given through information technology. In dev
eloping smart cities, government players and other parties have to face many cha
llenges. Main requirement is on part of residents, entrepreneurs and visitors wh
o are required to be vigorously involved in energy saving and execution of new t
echnologies and also to make residential, commercial and public spaces sustainab
le with the help of technology. If this magnificent project to develop of smart
cities becomes triumphant, it will bring positive change and assist in growth of
Indian economy.
Prime Minister Mr. Modi has realized that making cities smarter and safer is a n
ecessity to defeat the saturation threshold due to urban population development.
The unparalleled rate of this urban growth creates a need to manage and recogni
ze such challenges. Information and communication technology is an enabler in Sm
art City projects; the execution of the necessary layers related to ICT services
is usually determined by drivers behind the project and those who begin it.
Many stakeholders are involved in a Smart City development and each project is a
lso stimulated by array of drivers:

Construct or invent a new economic model (the economic driver)

Reduce energy consumption (the eco-sustainability driver)
Improve the quality of life in a city environment (the social driver)
Regardless of numerous factors that must be taken into consideration, Smart Citi
es offers feasible business prospect to the environment such as utilities, real
estate companies and public sector which are active in today's projects.
To fulfil this vision, the Smart Cities task is offering to city people, workers
and visitors, the most current and viable telecom and non-telecom services and
systems. As part of setting up Smart City services, a variety of business models
and approaches to provide, supply, operate and manage the Smart City services w
ill be explored. Prime Minister Narendra Modi has the determined smart cities pr
oject which he wants to execute in order to provide great facilities to people.
He wants chosen cities, after their identification, to take up some easily doabl
e items and a few smart solutions rather than taking up a mega wish list as it w
as earlier visualized in the draft concept note. Numerous reports indicated that
the PM also wants such cities to recognize people living below poverty line and
jobless so that targets for poverty mitigation and unemployment can be acknowle
dged.
In BJP vision document, it is determined by the government that Delhi will be de
veloped into a "global city" and the country's first 'smart city' will be establ
ished to facilitate it with all modern facilities. Basically in smart cities pla
n, education, employment and entertainment are considered to be the major factor
s which compelled people to move about from rural areas to metropolitan centres.
Opportunities of education, employment and entertainment are available mostly i
n urban and semi-urban centres therefore many people migrate to such areas to ma
ke their life more comfortable.
Principles of smart cities: News reports have revealed that there are five princ
iples that can serve as an agenda for a U.S.-India partnership on smart cities w
hich are mentioned below:
1. A smart city should be economically-driven, not technology-driven:
In the advanced technology environment, technical approach to build smart city w
ithout a comprehensible map of a city's future direction, may not be very succes
sful in bringing transformation in community. It has been established that witho
ut viable business and economic plan, cities cannot maximize growth and offer hi
gh class facilities. It entails that initial step is to generate self-awareness.
Each Indian smart city should develop or renew a strategic plan for expansion a
nd planners must have clear goals toward job expansion and output, financial inc
lusion, and sustainability and flexibility. The plan should be such that measure
strengths and weaknesses, and generate strategies that leverage exclusive indus
try specializations, modernism, education and skills development, land and infra
structure, and governance and public services. For example, Edmonton, Canada is
a main player in this area who used technology programs all through the six stra
tegic plans contained in its City Vision 2040 attempt to devise and accomplish t
he long-term monetary strategy of city.
Such a wide-ranging planning approach addresses a major fault in the existing ma
rket. The typical programme is for private firms to approach cities with accessi
ble solutions. However, both cities and firms often find this yields unproductiv
e results, even though both agree the solutions could progress their cities. Acc
ording to the November 2014 report from McKinsey on granular growth opportunitie
s in India, it is recognized the 29 states and their cities are experiencing dis
similar growth paths. This indicates that technology solutions are not feasible
and will differ in each marketplace. It is imperative to devise powerful economi
c vision on cities and understand the demands of products and solutions. Accordi
ng to demands, leaders must adopt policies.

This is not an insignificant proposal for Indian cities which do not have effect
ive civic infrastructure to build such a contemporary planning outline. The Modi
government along with the huge U.S. industry may capable of offering resources,
technical support, and private sector expertise to the smart cities, particular
ly in more influential states, to make certain that a vision and plan exists to
direct technology investments and infrastructure.
2. Each smart city should have a chief innovation officer to guide and coordinat
e investments:
Some cities have selected smart city managers whether known as chief technology,
innovation, information, or sustainability officers tasked with deploying new t
echnology across departments while bringing in private-sector technology and kno
wledge especially regarding physical development. These persons normally report
directly to city, state, or senior regional leaders, and their directives often
involve working along with other agency's management or information technology m
anagers. Single contact and expert for government also ensures that multiple sma
rt city projects and investments are coordinated, aligned with the city's financ
ial plan, and gives precision for the private sector. The Indian government must
think issuing a competitive challenge of funding for which cities would be rele
vant to hire a chief smart city officer.
3. Smart city development should facilitate India's own technology and innovatio
n capabilities:
It has been seen that primary ambition might be to open up India's cities to inv
estors and industry leaders at global scale which should lead to the expansion o
f India's native innovation and technology commune. The establishment of state-o
f-the-art smart cities throughout India is an opportunity to develop a group of
India-based innovation firms and private enterprises, rooted locally or countryw
ide. Such firms could work along with U.S. based businesses and specialists or b
e subcontracted by government to assist design, build, operate, and maintain the
smart city systems that get shaped. There are large numbers of youths in India,
the smart cities initiative could also provide more training and job opportunit
ies for young adults, many of whom naturally incline toward technology-based job
s.
With such approach, smart cities should not be considered as a one-time investme
nt to improve city system. Instead, there should be stages to provide new servic
es and facilitate the appearance of new innovation, industries and jobs.
4. The smart city partnership should result in new state or national enabling fr
ameworks to scale innovation and foreign investment:
Modi's major aim is to work to accomplish economies of scale from this primary s
mart city investment through the best approaches in one city and then he can eff
ortlessly transferred to and replicated in other cities. In 2014, new specificat
ions from the International Standards Organization established a new set of city
performance indicators for smart cities and a universal approach for measuring
them. Next to the national government, states in India could be accountable to g
uarantee these standards are constantly applied in order to measure smart city e
fficiency and compare Indian cities. Implementation of these new standards will
assist to speed up the absorption of progressive investments and develop the siz
e of the market.
5. India should ensure that its smart city partnership is a model of transparenc
y and citizen engagement:

The smart city proposal also has the potential to improve India's reputation for
dishonesty and discrimination. While these are massive challenges to beat, smar
t city technologies deep-seated in principles of transparent government and enga
ged voters.
Main features of Modi's '100 Smart City' Project: According news reports, follow
ing are key attributes of smart city which is the dream project of Mr. Modi
Automatic traffic signal: In case of heavy traffics routes will be automatically
diverted.
Better Public transport facility: To decrease traffic on roads, there will be en
hancement in existing public transport system.
Quick accident relief: In case of accident or problem in vehicle, people will ge
t help in just one call. They can also take help through CCTV too.
Smart Traffic system: This system is already implemented in Bangalore city. Taki
ng guidance from London's Smart Traffic System, people will get the information
regarding heavy traffic in advance.
Data Centre: The main characteristic of Smart City projects will be Data Centre.
It will have detailed information about the city.
Face Identification System to snitch criminals: Getting inspiration from Paris,
the Smart City will develop the facility of Face Identification System in place
to nab criminal. The photos and DNA of criminals and suspects will be entered in
computer and information and this will also be shared with other cities. After
the scanning face, an alert message will be sent to police control room and this
message will be forwarded to adjacent police station so criminals can be nabbed
without difficulty. This system will assist to control growing crime on the roa
d.
Control Room: There will be an incorporated control room for crime, health, serv
ices and traffic for better synchronization to offer quick help to persons. It i
s recommended that Indian leaders must have to provide roadmap of smart city thr
ough a simple language and discover innovative techniques to stimulate public in
terest. Experts state that effectual marketing may assist to educate populace ab
out new smart city enhancements and their concrete costs and benefits. Briefly,
greater precision in new technologies and infrastructure will guarantee that tra
nsformations involve is to benefit the commune.
In September 2014, when Mr. Modi met President Barack Obama, they agreed that U.
S. industries will work as major partners with India to develop three of those c
ities Ajmer (Rajasthan), Vishakhapatnam (Andhra Pradesh), and Allahabad (Uttar P
radesh). The speed of urbanization, together with pressures from climate change
and economic stress, has created demands for new, more competent ways of operati
ng. Thus, ambitions to make "smarter" cities with the use of information and dig
ital infrastructure to deal with the energy and water use in buildings to the cr
eation of intelligent transport networks to reduce overcrowding is highly identi
fied. With reference to Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Gujarat Model of Developme
nt which has been unique, it is anticipated that the project for developing 100
super cities will be highly successful.
At last, it can be said that new strategy of Modi has created enthusiasm amongst
industry directors and urban leaders to enhance the status of cities in coming
years. But it depends on the honest approach of leaders and business players who
can develop good city policy that can bring desired outcomes such as more susta
inable, more prolific and better-governed cities. Both smart and conventional ci
ties require strong and efficient local institutions to do well