Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Abstrak
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) adalah manifestasi klinis yang
berat dari Acute Lung Injury (ALI) dengan karaktyeristik : onset akut, infiltrate paru
bilateral yang merupakan non cardiogenic pulmonary edema, hipoksia dan menurunnya
daya regang paru-paru.
ARDS paling sering disebabkan oleh sepsis, aspirasi cairan lambung, trauma atau
tranfusi massif.
Gejala awal dari ARDS adalah tachipnoe, hipoksia, dan respiratory alkalosis yang
diikuti gambaran infiltrate paru yang difuse dan gagal nafas dalam 48 jam.
Pengelolaan yang penting adalah terapi penyebab ARDS. Terapi suportif dengan
menggunakan ventilasi mekanik dengan tidal volume yang rendah terbukti menurunkan
angka mortalitas.
Kata kunci : ARDS, terapi, ventilasi mekanik.
Abstarct
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is the clinical manifestation of
severe acute lung injury (ALI). It is characterized by the acute onset, bilateral infiltrate to
non cardiogenic pulmonary edema, hypoxia, and decrease lung compliance.
ARDS occurs most frequently in the setting of sepsis, aspiration of gastric
contents, trauma or massive transfusions.
Early cilinical manifestation is tachypnea , hypoxia and respiratory alkalosis and
they are followed by the appearance of the diffuse pulmonary infiltrates and respiratory
failure within 48 hours.
Essential therapy is treatment of the underlying disorder. The supportive therapeutic
approaches such as low tidal volume ventilation have been shown to decrease mortality.
Key words : ARDS, therapy, mechanical ventilation.