MAR THEOPHILUS

TRAINING COLLEGE

PRESENTED BY
VELANKANNI.V
NATURAL SCIENCE
Reg no 18114302025

TOPIC: RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION
Food gives us energy to do work. The
nutrients formed by digestion reach the cells
through blood. But nutrients alone are not
enough to produce energy. Oxygen also must
reach the cells for this. It is the respiratory
system that performs this function.

Respiration
Respiration is defined as the
transport of oxygen from the outside air to the
cells within tissues and the transport of
carbon dioxide in the opposite direction. The
body obtains oxygen when atmospheric air
passes through the respiratory system.

Parts of respiratory
system
Nostrils
Nasal cavity
Epiglottis
Trachea
Bronchi
Lungs
Pleura
Bronchioles
Alveoli

Parts of respiratory system and their function

Nostrils:

The openings through which air enters the

body. There are minute hairs and mucus in the
nostrils. They prevent the entry of dust and
harmful germs into the lungs.
Nasal cavity:
The chamber following the nostrils. It
opens into the pharynx

Epiglottis

The esophagus and trachea start at the

pharynx. So there is a chance for food to enter
the trachea. It is the epiglottis that prevents
this.
Trachea:
Start at the pharynx. It is made up of
incomplete rings of cartilage. There are cilia
and mucus in this.

Bronchi:
Two branches of the trachea. Each opens
into a lung on each side.
Lungs:
Two lungs. Found on either side of the
heart in the thoracic cavity.

Pleura:
Double membrane covering the lung. There
is a fluid between these membranes. The fluid
reduces friction when the lungs contract and
relax.
Bronchioles:
Branches of the bronchi. Carry air into
the alveoli.

Alveoli:
Each bronchiole ends in a group of
alveoli. The lung is made up of alveoli. There
are blood capillaries covering the alveoli.
Exchange of gases takes place at the alveoli.
The alveoli increase the surface area of the
lungs, thus making exchange of gases
efficient.

Nostrils
Trachea
Alveoli

Nasal canal
Bronchus

Pharynx
Bronchioles