(e) 1.

06

! "
5. (a) AB =

(f) 0.058, 0.557

4. (a) r = 2, =
(b) [
(c)

1
3
6. (a) 7

7
,
2 6

7.

5. (a) (t 1) (t 2 4t + 1)
(c) 1
(d) tan15 2

3,

tan 75 = 2

(ii) a b
1
(ii) a
2

1
b
2
1
1
a
(ii) b
2
2
4
b
2. (a) (i) a
(ii) a
3
3
(b) (i) a + b
2
1
1
(ii) b + a
2
2
3
(c) (i) a b
2
(c) (i) a

1
b
2

3 3
i
j 2k
2 2

1 13
(b) , , 0
2 2
0
1
10. 6

Exercise 13B

0
(ii) 5
0

3
(b) (i) 0
1

0
(ii) 2
1

20
(ii) 8
12

2
(b) (i) 3
9

6
1
(ii) 5

11
(c) (i) 3
8

3
(ii) 5
6

10
3
(d) (i) 11

17
6
(ii) 35

2. (a) (i) 5i + 5k

4
3. (a) (i) 0
0

870 Answers

3
4

21
1. (a) (i) 3
36

4
1
(ii) b + a
3
2

(c) 4a 3b

3.5
0.5
(b) 1.5

( )

9. (a)

Exercise 13A

4. (a) b a
1
1
b
(b) a
2
2

( )

1.6
8. 0.8
1.8

Chapter 13

(b) (i) a

! "
, AC =

(b) ( , 2)

1. (a) (i) b

()

(ii) 4i 8 j

(b) (i) i
j + 3k (ii) 2 j k
(c) (i) 4i 7k
(ii) 5i 4 j + 15k
3. (a) 4i + 2 j k
8
4
2
(b) i + j k
3 3
3
(c) 4i 3 j + k
1
1
(d) i + j k
2
2

Exercise 13D

2
4. 0
43

1. (a) (i) 1.12

(b) (i) 1.88
(c) (i) 1.23

5. 2
4
6.
3
7. 2
8. p

2. (a) (i)

2 21
20
(ii)
570

3
1
q=
8
8

(b) (i)

Exercise 13C
1. a = 2 5 b = 26 c = 2 5 d = 2
2. a = 21 b = 2 c = 21 d = 2

102
1

(ii)

35
1

(c) (i)

50

3. (a) (i)

29

(ii)

(b) (i)

58

(ii)

4. (a) (i)

19

(ii)

38

(b) (i)

74

(ii)

13

4. (a) (i) No
(b) (i) Yes

(b) 94.3, 54.2, 31.5

53

(b)

94

5. 92.3

(c)

53

(d)

6. 40.0

1 2
(ii) 3 2
1

3
2

9. 3,

1. (a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

5
3

6 5

(i)
(i)
(i)
(i)

16
16
9
4

2. (a) (i)

4 2
10. (a) 2
2

11. 2,
12. t =

5
4
8. (b) 41.8, 48.2
(c)

Exercise 13E

7. 2 6
8.

23
15

1
14
, d=
3
3

(ii) Yes
(ii) No

7. (b) 107, 73.2

(c)

4
1
(ii) 1
5 2 2

(ii) 0

3. (a) 61.0, 74.5, 44.5

5. (a)

1 2
6. (a) (i) 3 2
1
1 1
(b) (i) 3 1
1

(ii) 1.17
(ii) 1.13
(ii) 1.77

6 2
(b)
1
2 1

(b) (i)

7
3 6
2
3

(ii)
(ii)
(ii)
(ii)

56
16
9
0

(ii)
(ii)

5
39
1
10

3. (a) (i) 48.2

(ii) 98.0

4. (a) 19.2

(b) 3
2
(ii)
7

6. (a) (i)
(b) (i)

4
5

1
2

(ii) 0,

3
2
Answers

871

Exercise 13G

18
10
y=
11
11
(b) (i) 1 + 11x
11
17
(ii) 14 = 4 + 11 y

7. (a) x =

1. (a) 0.775
(c) 0.630

( )

3y
(iii) They are perpendicular to y and
2x
3x , respectively.
(c) (i)

( )
() ( ) ( ) ( )
1

3
2 or , and 5 or

(ii) x =
8. (a) 19
(c) 32

13
3
y=
11
11
(b) 7

9. (a) 2
10. (a)
11. (a)
(b)
(c)

(b) 6

3. (a)

1 3
1
14 2

(b)

1 0
1
2 1

0
(ii) 4
0

5. (b) 13a b
6. (b) 0

Mixed examination practice 13

12. (a) a b , b a
2

23
(b) (i) 1
8

4. 17.5

52
9
1.6
68.7, 21.3, 90
88.7

(b) b

1
2. (a) (i) 10
7

(b) 0.128
(d) 0
9
19
(ii) 2

Short questions

13. (b) 2
(c) 4 5

1. 1

1! " ! "
AD AB
2
3. (a) 9i 5 j + 7k
2. (a)

Exercise 13F
2
1. (a) (i) 6
1
5
(b) (i) 11
2
1
2. (a) (i)
153
2
(b) (i)

15 3
2

0
(ii) 0
0
12
(ii) 2
6
(ii)
(ii)

117
9
2

18 18
3. (a) 12 , 12
72 72
(b) p

(b) 16.8

5. (a) C ( , , ) , F (5, 0, 2) , G ( , , ) , (0, 4, 2)

(b) 11.9

872 Answers

155

4. (a) 3 p 1
15

19
3
5. 74.4

2
6.
2
7. 0
(b)

Long questions

4. (a) (11, , )

(b)

22

1. (a) 0
k 7
(d)

1
10

(c)

(3, 6,1)

1 + k + 1
2. (a)

4 +1

(b) 5

3. (a) (i) Yes

(b) (i) Yes

3 3
(c) , , 2
2 2
3. (a)

1
3
(ii) r = 1 + 2
3
1

(d)

( a, a 2 )

4. (b) (0, 3, 0)

33
2

7
4
5. (a) r = 1 + 2
2
3

a a
(b) a2 , 4 a2
(c)

(b)

(d) 2 3
4. (a)

1
a b
2

(b)

c cos

(b) 7
(c) ( 8,16, 26) , (12, 14, 34 )

Exercise 14B

1
(d)
3

Chapter 14
Exercise 14A

( ) ()

1. (a) (i) r = +

(ii) r =

() ( )

(ii) ( 4.5, 0, 0)
(b) (i) No intersection
(ii) No intersection

6
11

7. (a)

0
1
(d) (i) r = 2 + 0
3
3

( 4,1, 2)
(1,1, 2)

()
( )
3t
4t

(d)

5 26
2

3t
(b) 18 5t

4
2
(ii) r = 3 + 3
0
1

5
1
(b) (i) r = 2 + 0
3
0

3. (a) (i) (10, 77, 2)

(c)

(b) Parallel
(d) Same line

6. (a)

2. (a) Perpendicular
(c) Parallel

5.

() ()
() ( )

() ( )

(ii) 56.5
(ii) 82.1

64 4 19
4. , ,
9 9 9

1
3
(ii) r = 1 + 2
5
2

2. (a) (i) r =

1. (a) (i) 44.5

(b) (i) 26.6

1
1
(b) (i) r = 0 + 3
5
3

(ii) r =

( 5, 5, 11) o (19, 7, 7 )

2
2
6. (a) r = 1 + 3
4
6

(c) (i) r =

(ii) Yes
(ii) No

(ii) r =

() ( )
+

(d) t = 2
(e) 2 hours

3t
8. (a) 5 4t
t

(d) 30 km
9. 3
Answers

873

 5 19 9
10. (a) , ,
6 6 2

(b) (i) r

(b) 48.5

( i

11 11
( = 6.08)
6
(e) 4.55

(9,

(i 6 j k ) +
(5ii
j ) + ( i

5, 8)

(c) ( , 4,

(
(2

12. (b) 2

)
6)

1
5
6
(ii) r = 1 + 2 + 2
5
3
4

6 1 2 6 2 6 , or
6 2 6 1 2

x 1 y 7 z 2
=
=
1
1
2

(b) x = 1,

2. (a) Perpendicular
(c) None

(b)

(b) None
(d) Parallel

x 1 4 y z +1
=
=
3
2
3
1 3
2
22 3

1/ 2
2
4. (a) r = 2 + 3
2
4 / 3
11

(b) Yes at , 0, 0
6

(c) 61.0
5. (a) 13.2
6. (a)

(b) No

(8, 7,1)

Exercise 14D
1
1
1
1. (a) (i) r = 0 + 5 + 2
2
2
3
0
0
5
(ii) r = 2 + 4 + 3
0
1
0

874 Answers

y 5 z
=
2
2

1
5
r
=
1
+

0
(d)
3
2

3
2
(c) r = 1 + 4
0
5

3. (a)

j k)

3
2
1
2. (a) (i) r = 1 + 2 + 0
3
1
1

Exercise 14C
1. (a)

j k ) (i j)

(ii) r

(d)

11. (a)

( j + k) +

9
11
8
(b) (i) r = 0 + 1 + 1
0
0
2
11
10
16
(ii) r = 7 + 21 + 17
3
1
3
1
4
2
3. (a) (i) r = 4 + 1 + 1
3
2
2
11
6
2
(ii) r = 12 + 3 + 15
13
1
6
3
0
7
(b) (i) r = 1 + 0 + 3
0
1
1
4
2
4
r
=
0
+

1
+

0
(ii)
2
1
2
4. (a) (i)
(ii)
(b) (i)
(ii)

3x 55yy + 2z
4
6 x y 2z = 19
3
y
9
4 x 5z = 10

10
5. (a) (i) 13
12

3
(ii) 1
1

1
(b) (i) 5
0

1
(ii) 20
7

10
6. (a) (i) r i 13 = 38
12
3
(ii) r i 1 = 3
1

 1
(b) (i) r i 5 = 22
0

(c) 3 5

1
(ii) r i 20 = 152
7

(i) 3
y z 1
(b) (i) x + 5 y = 22
(ii) x + 20 y + 7 z = 152

1
1
(d) r = 1 + 4
2
7
7
11. (a) 5
4

x + y + z = 10
z=2
40 x + 5 y 8z = 580
x + y +z =1

7
(b) (ii) r = 5
4

Exercise 14E
1. (a) (i)

(c)

(7,1,1)

(ii) (

, 5,, )

(ii) ( , 3, )
2. (a) (i) 46.4
(b) (i) 47.6

(ii) 17.5
(ii) 10.8

3. (a) 75.8

(b) 60

12 1
(b) r = 25 + t 0
0 1

2
1
(b) (i) r = 0 + 2
5
4

7.

6
2
(ii) r = 0 + 1
0
0

(5, 0, 0) , (0, 20, 0) ,

(0, 0,12)

(b) 133

0 1
3. r = 4 + t 2
1 2

6. (a) d = 2

4
0
(ii) r = 1 + 0
0
1

8. (a)

1. 5 , 16 , 7
3 3 3
2. ( , 2, )

3 11 1
4. , ,
2 6 6

1
2
4. (a) (i) r = 1 + 13
1
7

6. ( , 3, )

10 8
2,
,

7 7

Exercise 14F

4 7

(b) (i) , , 4
3 3

3
5. (a) 1
1

35

(d)

1
10. (a) 4
7

7. (a) (i) 10 x + 13y

13 y 12z = 38

8. (a) (i)
(ii)
(b) (i)
(ii)

7
3

9. (b)

5+ d d 3 5 d
,
,
2
2
2

8. (b) 2i 2 j + 5k
9. (a) 2
(b) 57

(b) x 5
10. (a) p

y +1= z
4 a = 2 or

7
5

0 2
(b) r = 2 + t 1
0 1

Answers

875

Exercise 14G

(d) 13x + 38 y + 8z = 83

3
2
1. (a) r = 3 + 2
4
1
(b) ( , 3, )

(c) 9

1
2. (c) r = 3
1
(d) 6 11
11

96 32 16
9. (a) , ,
41 41 41
16 41
41
1
10. (b) r = 0
1
(b)

(c) (i)

2
3. (a) 3
1
(c) 2 x 3y
3 y + z = 25

184 32 1
5. (c)
,
,
11
11
11

1.

3
3
r = 1 + 1
1
0

2.

3. (a) 3
(b)

(d) 6.99
)

7
(b) 9
5
(c) 7 x 9 y 5z

3
7. (a) 10
(b) 5.32
2
(c) 3x 10 y 2z = 16
7
3
(d) r = 28 + 10
11
2
(e) (2, 2, 5) ; 31.9 (3SF )
(f) 56.5
1
6
8. (a) r = 1 + 1
4
5
13
(c) 38
8

876 Answers

, 0, )

Mixed examination practice 14

Short questions

1
4. (b) r i 5 = 5
2

6. (a) ( ,11,

(ii) (

(d) 6 2

(b) (ii) (1, 3,14 )

(c) 30
(d) ( , 5,

(2, 0, 2)

y z

5
4

4.

3 11 1
2 , 6 , 6

5.

(11,13, 8)

6.

29 20 22
11 20 2
3 , 3 , 3 or 3 , 3 , 3

7. (a) x

4 + y = 1 3 ,

z = 12 + 2
(b) 31 , 89 , 59
14 14 7

x 2 ( y 2)
=
= z 3
3
7
k=8

8. (c)
9.

11. 7 x 2y
2 y 3z

Long questions
1. (b) 33
(c) 45.7
(d) 4.11

 2 + 8
2. (b) (i)
+ 3
+ 8 16
(iii) 3 9 + 21 = 0
(iv) (1,1, 2) , (4, 1, 3)
(v)

14

4
1
3. (a) r = 1 + 2
2
1
(b) ( , 5, )
(c)

4. (a) 12.6 km/min

(b) (24 + 3 ) i (66 8 ) j + (12 4 ) k
(c) 22 km
(d) 5 km (when t = 2 )

2
1
9. (a) (ii) r = 1 + 2
1
1
(b) 3x 2y
2y + z = 5
(c) (2,, , )

(b)

1
2

(c) 3 2

(d)

3 2
2

9
4
11. (b) r = 7 + 8
6
3

2
5. (a) 7
3

9
1
(c) r = 7 + 4
6
2

(b) ( , 3, )
2
(c) 7
3

(d) ( ,1, )

(d) 2 x 7 y + 3z

6. (a) d = 3
73 1
(b) r = 75 + t 4

0 7
(c) (i) p = 3
0
5
(ii) r = 1 + 4
3
3
34
( 0.389)
15

0
4
7. (a) r = 1 + 3
2
3
3
30 14
(b) , ,
17 17 17
(c) 2.81
8. (b)

(d) 5.08

2
1
10. (a) r = 4 + 1
2
0

2 6

(iii)

(c) 0.551

(e)
12. (a)

84
x 3 y 1 z + 4
=
=
3
1
1

(b) ( , 2,
(c) (

, 3,

(e) 3 2
0
13. (a) 5
5
(b) 2 x

y z

3
0
(d) r = 4 + 5
2
5
(e)

(3, 4, 0)

(f) 47.1

94

Answers

877