Mechanis

Name
m of
action
Brand:
Human
Mixtard
insulin, is
produced
by
a
Generic:
method
Novo
recombin
Nordisk
ant
34 unit SC, technology
30
:
the
minutes
insulin
is
before eat made by a
yeast cells
into which
a
gene
(DNA) has
been
introduced
,
which
makes
them able
to produce
insulin

Indicat
ion

Contra
Indication

Adverse
Reaction

Diabete
s
Mellitus
type 1
and
type 2

Liver
Problems,
Kidney
Disease,
Low
Amount of
Potassium
in
the
Blood

Weight gain,
Signs
and
Symptoms
at
injection site,
Abnormal
fat
distribution,

Nursing Consideration
a. Be certain to give the correct type
of insulin.
b. Prepare the correct dosage. Have
another nurse double-check the
dose before you administer the
injection.
c. Use the correct syringe. Never use
a regular syringe for insulin. Use a
syringe calibrated in "units."
d. Before drawing up the insulin,
gently "roll" the bottle between
your palms to mix and warm the
solution.
e. Eliminate all air bubbles from the
syringe. One small air bubble may
displace 2 or 3 units of insulin.
f. Cleanse the skin with alcohol and
allow to dry. This helps avoid
pitting of the skin.
g. Give the injection subcutaneously.
Rotate the injection site with each

dose. (Rotating the sites prevents

tissue necrosis.) Refer to figure 1-9
for injection sites.
h. Always check to see whether the
patient is and has been eating his
normal diet

Name
Brand :
Minirin
Generic :
Desmopres
sin
Route :
Oral

Mechanism of
action
It
works
by
increasing
water
permeability in
renal
tubular
cells,
which
decreases urine
volume
and
increases
urine concentra
tion

Indicatio
n
DI,
Head
trauma,
Surgery at
pituitary
region,
Nocturnal
enuresis

Contra
Indication
Hypersensitivi
ty
to
this
medication,
Renal
impairment,
Hyponatremia
,

Adverse
Nursing Consideration
Reaction
Headache,
a. Monitor
I&O
ratio
and
Fatigue,
pattern
(intervals).
Fluid
Rhinitis,
intake must be carefully
Abdominal
controlled, particularly in
pain,
older adults and the very
Conjunctivitis,
young
to
avoid
water
retention
and
sodium
depletion.
b. Weigh patient daily and
observe for edema. Severe
water retention may require
reduction in dosage and use
of a diuretic.
c. Monitor BP during dosageregulating
period
and
whenever
drug
is

administered parenterally.
d. Monitor urine and plasma
osmolality. An increase in
urine osmolality and a
decrease
in
plasma
osmolality
indicate
effectiveness of treatment in
diabetes insipidus.