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31/46/5/2549 27/2/1980

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1/1
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1/2


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1/3
1/3/1 ): (Thermal Conductivity)(k
( )
. ( / . ) .

)17(

1/3/2 ): (Thermal Resistivity


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1/3/3 ): (Thermal Conductance) (C


( )
. ( /2 ).

1/3/4 ): (Thermal Resistance) (R


( .2 / ) .

1/3/5 ): (Surface Thermal Conductance) (f


( )
. ( / .2 )
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1/3/6 ). (Thermal Transmittance) (U


( )

. ( / .2 ) .
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1/3/7 ): (Ra
)(Air to Air Overall Thermal Resistance

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.2 / ) .

)18(

1/3/8 ): (Air Change


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1/3/10 ): (Diffusion Temperature Difference


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1/3/11 ): (Throw

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1/3/12 ): (Absorption Coefficient



(

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1/3/13 ): (Supply Air Inlet


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1/3/14 ): (Return Air Outlet


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)19(

1/3/15 ): (Fresh Air Inlet


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1/3/16 ): (Damper
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1/3/17 ): (Grille
. / .

1/3/18 ): (Register

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1/3/19 ): (Free Area


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1/3/20 ): (Diffuser
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)20(

1/3/21 ) (Sound Magnitude ): (Sound Level


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)(Reference Value

)21(

2/1
2/1/1 :
( )
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-:
( ) 1
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( ) 2 .
( ) 3 .
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( ) 6 ( ) .
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( ) 8 .
( ) 9 .
( )10
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()
-:
) 1 ( .
( ) 2 .
( ) 3 .
( ) 4 .
( ) 5 .
( ) 6
.
( ) 7 .
( ) 8 .

)23(

( ) 9 ). (Fire Dampers
( )10
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( )11 .
( )12 ( ) .

()

.

( ) -:
( ) 1

/
.
( ) 2
.
) 3 (
.
( ) 4
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)24(

() -:
( ) 1

)(Shop Drawings

(Builders Work

) Drawings .
( ) 2
.
( ) 3
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( ) 4 ) (As Built Drawing

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( ) 5
.
( ) 6 .
( ) 7 .

2/1/2 :
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() ( 2/3/1 )


( . ) 1 ( )

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( ) ( .) 2

2/3/2 :
( ) ): (Extract System
( ) 1
) (Propeller .
( ) 2

)28(


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( ) 3

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() ): (Input System
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( ) 3 ( 2/3/2 ) .
() ): (Combined Extract and Input System
.

( ) ): (Air Conditioning Systems



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2/3/3 ): (Application
( )

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)29(

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2/3/4 ). (Air Filtration



( )

( . ) .

2/3/5 ): (Noise


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2/3/6 ): (Ductwork


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( . ) .

)30(

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( ) 2

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3.0

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0.8

1.3

12

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18

12

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1.7

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10.0

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20.0

10.0

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)(X ray

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1.3 1.2

760 680

1.4 1

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)(Recirculation

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2/6/3 ( ) :
( ) :

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( ) 1
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( )

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)46(

3/1
1/1/3 :

)(Centrifugal Fan

)(Axial Flow Fan

). (Propeller Fan

3/1/2 :
( ) -:
( ) 1 .
( ) 2
.
( ) 3 .
() ( 3/1/2 )
-:
( ) 1
( ) 2 .

)47(

( ) 3
.

)(Control Gear

( ) 4 .
( ) 5 .
( ) 6 .

3/2
3/2/1 ): (Fans
( )

) (ASHRAE .
() ): (Centrifugal Fans
-:
( ) 1

( ) 2 .
( ) 3 ) (V

)(BS1440

)48(

( ) 4

)(Coupling

.
( ) 5
.
( ) 6
.
()

)(Axial Flow

): (Propeller
( 3/2/1 ) -:
( ) 1 .
) 2 (
.
( ) 3
( )30 .
.
( ) 4
.

)49(

3/2/2 :
( ) :
( ) 1
) (BS 5000 : Part 99 & 11 .
( ) 2
.

() :

)(Electric Control Gear

(BS

) 587 .

() (
) .


3/3
3/1/3 :
( ) -:
( ) 1 ). (Centrifugal Fans
( ) 2 ). (Axial Flow Fans
( ) 3 ). (Propeller Fans

)50(

() -:
( ) 1 .
( ) 2 .
( ) 3 .
( ) 4 .
( ) 5 .
()
.
( )
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()

.
( )

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( ) .


3/3/2 ): (Centrifugal Fans
( )

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)51(

() :
( ) 1 :

)(Forward Curved Blade Fan



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( ) 2 :

)(Backward Curved Blade Fan


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)52(

( ) 3 ): (Radial Blade Fan




.
.

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3/3/3 ): (Axial Flow Fans


( ) ) (Impeller
.
()

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()

( )

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()

)53(

3/3/4 ): (Propeller Fans


( )
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()
.
( ) ( )
.

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( )

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()
.

3/3/5 :
( ) [
) ] Motors

(Series Wound


)54(

()
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() ) (V belts

3/6/3 :
( )
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()

)(Tip Speed

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()

/ .

( )

/ .

()
.

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)55(

( ) ) (Journal Bearings

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( )
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: .

3/4
3/4/1 :
( ) ) (Lacquer
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)56(

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3/5/1 :
( ) .

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3/6/2 :
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( )3/5
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)60(

4/1
4/1/1 :
.
) (Air Heaters . -:
( ) .
() .
() .
( ) .
() ). (Furnace

4/1/2 :
(
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4/2
4/2/1 :
( ) -:

)61(

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4/3
4/3/1 :
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)63(

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/ ). (Plain type

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( ) .
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( ) .

4/3/4 :
( )
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()

)(Busbars

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( ) ) (Interlock
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4/3/5 :
( )
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4/6/2 :
( )4/5 .

)70(

4/7
4/7/1 :

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()71

5/1
5/1/1 :
) (Dampers

)(Regulators

)(Louvers

)(Grilles

5/1/2 :
( ) 2/1/2
-:
( )
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() .
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() .
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)72(

( )

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5/2/1 :
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5/2/3 :
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( . ) 7 ( ) 6 ( ) 5 ( ) 4
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*

)(Seam

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*

)76(

( ) 4

/ ]

( )

( )

( )

0.8

0.8

1200

1.0

800

1200

1.0

800

800

4 x 40 x 40

1.2

600

600

5 x 50 x 50

0.6

0.6

1500

3 x 25 x 25

1500

3 x 25 x 25

1500

3 x 25 x 25
4 x 40 x 40

1.2

1.6

)77(

( ) 5

/ ]

( )

( )

( )

0.6

3 x 25 x 25

0.8

3 x 25 x 25

1.0

3 x 30 x 30

1.2

1.2

1.0

4 x 35 x 35

4 x 40 x 40

1.2

1.6

)78(

( ) 6

/ ]

( )

( )

( )

( )

0.8

1200

3 x 25 x 25

0.8

1000

4 x 40 x 40

0.8

800

4 x 40 x 40

1.0

600

5 x 50 x 50

1.2

600

5 x 50 x 50

0.8

1.2

600

5 x 50 x 50

)79(

( ) 7

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( )

( )


( )

( )

1.0

800

1200

4 x 40 x 40

1.0

800

800

4 x 40 x 40

1.2

600

600

5 x 50 x 50

1.6

600

600

5 x 50 x 50

* .
( )3 :

( )4 :
.
.


)80(

() :
( ) 8 ( ) 9
( )10 .

( ) 8

/ ]

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

0.8

0.8

1500

3 x 25 x 25

1.0

1500

3 x 25 x 25

1.0

1200

1500

4 x 40 x 40

1.2

800

1200

4 x 40 x 40

1.2

800

800

5 x 50 x 50

1.6

600

600

5 x 60 x 60

)81(

( ) 9

/ ]

( )

( )

( )

0.8

3 x 25 x 25

1.6

1.6

1.0

3 x 25 x 25

1.2

3 x 30 x 30

4 x 40 x 40

5 x 50 x 50

()10


[

( )

( )

( )

1.2

1200

1200

4 x 40 x 40

1.2

800

800

5 x 50 x 50

1.6

600

600

5 x 60 x 60

2.0

600

600

5 x 60 x 60

( )

/ ]


( )

)82(

()

.
.
.


.
(.)11
( )1 :
*


.
*
.
*

)83(

( )2 :
.


( )3 :
* .

( )

.
.
*
.

( )4 :

.

5/2/4 :
( ) :

)(Dampers

() ): (Fire Dampers


)(Fuse Link

) (ASHRAE Handbook of EQUIPMENT 1983 .

)84(

()11

( )

( )
:

10

16

2.4

22

1.8

10

16

2.4

22

1.8


.

.

)85(

() ( ) ): (Louvers
( ) 1
.
( ) 2 .

( ) 3

( ) ): (Grilles and Regulators


( ) 1
.
( ) 2 .
( ) 3 -:
* .
*
*

)(Hit and miss

)(Louvered Regulators

( ) 4
.

)86(

( ) 5
.
( ) 6
.

() :
( ) 1 ( )5/3
.
) 2 ( .
( ) 3
.
( ) 4

.
( ) 5 .
( ) 6 .
.

)87(

5/3
5/3/1 :

.


.

5/3/2 :

(. )12

()12

( / )

( / )

4.5 2.5

65

2.5

3 2.5

4.5 3.5

75

85

12 6

3 2.5

9 4.5

2.3 1.2

2.5 1.5

1.2 0.8

)88(

5/3/3 :

) (Static :

( )

( )

( ) 1 :

:
= ( )
= ( / ) .
= ( ) .
= ( / ) .

= ( ) .
.

)89(

( ) 2 :

()

:
= ( ) .
= ( ) .
= (. )13
= .

5/3/4 :
-:
( ) :
() :

)90(

() :
( ) :

: .

5/3/5 :

.
.

( . ) 1

5/3/6 :
( ) (. )13
( )

)91(

()13
) (F

F
1.5

0.5

0.1

=
4

0.5

0.2

0.05

)92(

()13

) (F

1.0

10

11

12

13

______

)93(

5/3/7 :
( )

.
()

) (Splitters .
()

( )

()

5/3/8 :

.

)94(

5/3/9 :
( )
. .
.

.
()
.
() ( . ) 3

5/3/10 :
( )14 .

5/3/11 :
( ) :

. .

() :
( ) 1

)95(

( ) 2

.
() :
( ) 1
.
( ) 2

.
( ) 3

( ) :
( ) 1

.
( ) 2 .
( ) 3 ( )
.
( ) 4
.


)96(

()14
( )

) :

1.0 x

0.8 x

( )

1.2 x

( )

1.2 x

1.2 x

1.2 x

1.2 x


) :

0.8 x
1.5 x

( )

1.2 x
1.3 x

1.1 x

0.8 x

1.0 x

P.V.C

)(Anodized

0.8 x


)97(

( ) 5 ( 5/2/4
) .

() :
( ) 1

)(Plenum Chambers

. .
( ) 2
.
( ) 3

-:

( )

( )

)98(

5/3/12 ): (Louvers

.

.

5/3/13 :
( )

.
()

.


.

/ .

)99(

5/3/14 :
( ) .
()
.
() .
( )

.
()

( ) ( ) -:
( ) 1 :

.
( ) 2 ): (Window Grills Skirting Outlets

.

)100(

( ) 3 :

.
.

5/3/15 ): (Grilles
( ) :
( ) 1
.
( ) 2 .
() :


.

() :

( .) 4 -:
( ) 1 :

)101(


.
( ) 2 :
.

.
( ) 3 :

.
( ) 4 ): (Fixed Nozzles

). (Plenum
( ) 5 :

.
( ) 6 -:
.

)102(


( ) :
( * ) 1
.
( ) 2
.
.
( ) 3
.
.
( ) 4

.

() ): (Entrainment

.

( ) :

. .

.

)103(

( ) :

() :
( )
.
.

/ .

() :


( )

.
(. )16( )15

5/3/16 :
( ) :

)104(

()15

( / )

()16

(
/ )

)105(

() :

.
. .

( )17

.

()17
*

( )

( )

( )

* ( = ) .

)106(

5/4
5/4/1 :
( ) ( )
.
() ( )5/2 .
()

5/5
5/5/1
()

(Builders work

)( Drawings ( )4 (2/1/1) ).
()
.
()
.

)107(

( )
.
() .

5/6
5/6/1 :

( )5/2 .

5/6/2 :
( )5/2 ( )5/5
. .
.

)108(

6/1
6/1/1 :

)(Air cleaning Devices

() ( ) ( ) 6/1/2
.

6/1/2 :
( )
.
()
.
() .
( ) .
() .
( ) .
( ) .
() .

)109(

6/2

6/2/1 :
) (BS 2831 .

6/2/2 :
-:
( ) ): (Dry type Filters
( ) 1
.
( ) 2 .
( ) 3
.
( ) 4
/ .
( ) 5

.

)110(

( ) 6

)(Flange

.
( ) 7
.
) 8 (

.
( ) 9

()

)(Spray type Air washers

( ) 1

.
( ) 2
.

.
( ) 3
.
( ) 4
.

)111(

( ) 5
. .
( ) 6
.
( ) 7 ) (Ball valve

.
) 8 (
.
( ) 9

( )10

.
( )11

.
( )12

.
( )13 ) 5/2/3 (
.

)112(

( )14

() ): (Viscous type Filters


( ) 1
.
.
( ) 2
.
) 3 (
) (Endless .
.
( ) 4 ( 6/2/1 )
.


( ) ): (Electrostatic Precipitator
.
.
) (Rectified Current
.
.
.

)113(

6/3
6/3/1 :
( )


.
()
.
()
.
.
( )
.
()
.
( )

6/3/2 ): (Dry type Filters


( ) .

)114(

()
.
() .

.
( )
.

6/3/3 ): (Air Washers


( ) ). (Spray type Air Washers
( ) 1 .
.
( ) 2

.
.
( ) 3
.

)115(

( ) 4

.
( ) 5
.
( ) 6
(
) . .
-:

( ) 7
/

/ .

( ) 8

/ .

)116(


( ) 9
.
( )10
/

() ): (Capillary Air Washer


( ) 1 .
( ) 2

.
( ) 3

/ .

/ .

6/3/4 ): (Viscous type Filters


( ) .

.

)117(

()

/ .

.
()
.
( ) .

3/5/6 ): (Electrostatic Precipitator


( ) .

/ .

() .
.
()
.
.

)118(

6/4
6/4/1 :
( )
) (Lacquer .
() ( ) .
.
()

.
( ) .
.

6/5
6/5/1 :
.

6/5/2 :

)119(

.
.

6/5/3 :

.
.

6/5/4 :
.

6/5/5 :
( )
.

() .
()
.

)120(

6/6
6/6/1 :
( ) ( ) 3/6/1
.
()
.

6/2/6 :
( ) 3/6/2
. ( ) 6/5 .

6/7
6/7/2 :
( ) .
() .
.

)121(

7/1
7/1/1 :

( )
.

7/1/2 :
( ) 2/1/2 .

7/2
7/2/1 :
-:
( )

)(Pre formed

( ) 1
( ) 2

)122(

() ( ) ( ) -:
)(Plastic Composition, Flexible and Loose fill

( ) 1

7/2/2 :
-:
( ) .
() .
() .
( ) .
() .
( ) .
( ) .
() ( ) .
() .
.

)123(

7/3
7/3/1 :

.

7/3/2 :
( )18 .

7/3/3 :

.


7/4
.

7/5
7/5/1 :
( ) .

)124(

()18
.


)(k

/ .

0.043 - 0.04

0.050-0.043

)(Kapok

0.034-0.030

0.040-0.036

/3

176 128

144 112

48 24

192 160

)(Slag Wool

( )

0.028

0.036

0.040-0.036

0.064-0.050

0.038

64

72 48

192 160

320 256

160

)125(

()
.
() .

.
( )
.

7/6
7/6/1 :
.
.

7/6/2 :
( ) :
.
() -:
.
-:

)126(

( ) 1
.
( ) 2

.
( ) 3
.
( ) 4 ()13
( )14 ( )

.

)127(

8/1
8/1/1 :
.

8/1/2 :
( ) 2/1/2 ( ) 3/1/2 ( ) 5/1/2 ( ) 6/1/2 .

8/2
8/2/1 :
( ) ]) [CP 3 (III .
() ). (ASHRAE

)128(

8/3
8/3/1 :

.

.
) (Decibels .


8/3/2 :
( )19
( ) .
( ) .
( ) .

8/3/3 :
.

)129(

()19

10

14

20

25

30

35

25

30

40

25

40

55

30

35

40

30

35

45

33

40

48

35

43

50

30

40

45

40

50

60

40

50

55

45

55

60

40

50

60

50

60

70

50

55

60

50

60

70

50

60

70

65

70

80

65

77

90

)130(

8/3/4 :
( )

.
.

()
.
.
()
.

8/3/5 :
.
.
.
.
. ) (Dissipation
.
/ (. )20

)131(

()20

( ) :

8/3/6 :
( )
. -:
( ) 1 .

( ) 2 .

)132(

( ) 3 .
( ) 4 .
( ) 5 .

()

. -:

-:
= ( / ) .
= ( ) .
= ( ).
= a ( . )21

. .

8/3/7 :
( ) -:
( ) 1 .
( ) 2 .

)133(


()21

/3

/3

/:3

/: 3

0.08

0.65

0.80

0.17

0.80

0.85

0.15

0.80

0.85

0.013

0.02

0.04

0.28

0.17

0.10

0.05

0.20

0.6

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.15

0.1

0.15

0.4

0.85

0.3

0.75

0.9

0.3

0.5

0.85

0.4

0.8

0.95

0.1

0.55

0.1

)134(

( ) 3 ( ) 2 ( ) 1 .
( ) 4
( ) 3 (
) 6/3/8 .

() .

.
. -:

:
= .
=
.
= s .

() .

.

)135(

( )

.
()
.


.
( )
.
.
( )

)136(

()
.
()

.
()

.

8/3/8 :

8/3/9 :
( )

.
) min

(Reverberation /

/ .

)137(

()
.
() .
( )
.

.
() .

.
( ) ) (Canvas
.

8/3/10 :

( )
) (Forced Frequency
()

)138(

() /
.
( ) -:

:
= ( ) .

= ( ) .
() .

8/4

8/5

8/6
.

)139(

9/1
9/1/1 :
.

9/1/2 :
( ) .
() .
() / .
( ) .
() .
( )
.
( ) .
() .

)140(

9/2
9/2/1 :
( ) :

-:


( ) 1 :


-:
*

* .
* .
( ) 2 :

)141(

-:
* .
*
.
* .

() :
( ) 1 .
( ) 2
( )
.

( ) 3 ( 5/2/4 )
.

() :
( ) 1
.
) (Differential .
( ) 2 .

)142(

( ) 3
.
( ) 4
.
) 5 ( (Hygroscopic Element)
.
.
( ) 6
.
( ) 7
.

( ) :
( ) 1
( ) .
( ) 2

. .
.
( ) 3 .

.

)143(

( ) 4
.
( ) 5 .
( ) 6

)(Head Tank

.
( ) 7 .
.

/ .

( ) 8 .
.

9/3
9/3/1 :
.


.

)144(

9/4
9/4/1 :
( ) .
() ( ) .
.
()
.
( )
.
()
.

9/5
9/5/1 :
( )
.
()
.

)145(

() ( ) .
( ) ( )

()

)(By pass

)(Sensitive Phials

.
( )
.
( ) ( )
.

9/5/2 :
( ) .
() .

9/5/3 :
( )
.
()
.
.

)146(

()
.
.
( )
.
()
.
( ) .


9/5/4 :
( ) (
) .
()
.

.
.
() .

.

)147(

9/5/5 :
( )

.
() .
() .
( ) .
() .

9/6
9/6/1 :
( )
.

() .
() .
.

)148(

9/6/2 :

( ) ( ) 9/5 .
() .
() .
( ) .
() .
( ) .
.

)149(

10/1
10/1/1 :
/
( ) 2/3 .


. ) (Adosrbent
.

10/1/2 :
( ) 1/3
-:
( ) ( ) :
][Automatic (non attended) Plants

.
() ( ) :
](Semi automatic (attended) Plants


-:

)150(

( ) 1 .
( ) 2 .
) 3 (
.
() ( ) :

][Hand operated (attended) Plants

10/1/3 :


-:
( ) .
() .
() :
( ) 1 ( ) .
( ) 2
.

)151(

( ) .
() .
( ) .
( ) .

10/1/4 :

)(Surface or Spray

( )
)Coolers

(Surface, Contact and Spray

( ) 2/1/2 ( ) 5/1/2 .
() -:
( ) 1 .
( ) 2 .
( ) 3
.

2/10
10/2/1 ( ) :
( ) .

)152(

()
.
()

.
( ) .
()
.
( ) -:
( ) 1 .
( ) 2 .
( ) 3 .
( ) 4 .

( ) 5 .
( ) 6 .
( ) 7 .
) 8 ( .
( ) 9 .
( )10 .

)153(

( )11 .
( )12 .
( )13 ) (Reliability .
( )14 .
( )15 .

( )
.
) (Unhydrous .
()
) (Vacuum
(. )22
()
.

( ) 10/3/2 .
()

.
()
.

)154(
()22

(

( )

( )

( )

(/

*(/)

*()

/)

)P

(/3)

17.03

33.3 -

77.7-

133

11417

135

1065

1103

0.003

0.508

1.617

738

120.93

29.79
-

158 -

112.0

4113

81

642.6

119

0.029

0.093

2.730

747

86.48

40.76
-

160 -

96.0

4974

195

1101

161

0.002

0.078

1.692

754

**

137.38

23.82

102.92

8.8

135 -

178.5

5168

132

113.7

208

0.017

0.570

9.602

703

104.47

81.4 -

181 -

28.8

3865

1221

***

1.11-

198

4406

165

24.8

157

0.022

0.765

17.070

691

187.39

47.57

35 -

214.1

3437

192

95.8

125

0.028

1.687

47.357

716

170.94

3.8

94 -

145.7

3259

111

151.7

100

0.035

0.263

9.207

757

**

50.49

12.4 -

97.8
-

143.1

6674

44.8

551

349

0.010

0.279

2.797

717

10 -

75.5
-

64.07

157.5

7875

40.7

357

329

0.010

0.400

4.272

722

44.01

78.4 -

56.6
-

31.1

7372

2189

7108

129

0.027

0.017

0.451

1372

18.02

100

374.2

22103

204.7

197

2385

0.001

152.5

224.05

839

* .
**
*** .

)155(

10/2/2 :
( ) :
( ) 1
) (ASHRAE

( ) 2 ) (V belts .
( ) 3

)(Coupling

) (Rigid ). (Alignment
( ) 4
.
.
.
() :

.
() ): (Electric Control Gear

)(Starters

)(Control Gear

-:

)156(

)(Isolators

( ) 1 ): (Isolating Switches

( ) 2 ): (Oil Circuit Breaker


( ) 3 ): (Oil Switches

( ) 4 :

( ) :

( ) .
() ): (Evaporators
( ) 1
.
( ) 2 /

.
( ) 3

.

)157(

( ) ): (Secondary Cooling Media


( ) 1 )( (Surface Coolers
)

)(Brine

.
( ) 2
.
( )
( ) ) (Dew Point .
( ) :
( ) 1
.
) 2 (
.
( ) 3 ( )

.

)158(

10/3
10/3/1 :
( ) /
.
()
. -:
( ) 1 .
( ) 2 .
( ) 3 ( ) .
() .

( )
.

) . (Design Criteria


-:
( ) 1 .
( ) 2 .

)159(

( ) 3 .
( ) 4 .
( ) 5 .
( ) 6 .

10/3/2 :
( )
. -:
( ) 1 ). (Low pressure Cut out
( ) 2 ). (Low temperature Cut out
( ) 3 ). (Capacity Control
( ) 4 ). (Suction pressure Regulator
()

/ .

)(Flow Switch

() .
-:
( ) 1 ). (High Pressure Cut out
( ) 2 ). (Pressure Relief Valve
( ) 3 ). (Bursting Disk
( ) 4 ). (Safety Head

)160(

10/3/3 :

.
.

10/3/4 :
.

.

10/3/5 :
.

10/4
10/4/1 :
( ) ( )
) (Condensing Unit .
()

)161(

()
.
( )
) (Crank Shafts .
()
.
( )
.
( )
.
()
.

10/5
10/5/1 :
( )


.

)162(

()

)(Washers

.

( . ( ) 3/5/2 ) .
()

)(Coupling

10/5/2 :
( )
.
.
.
() ) (Cap

.

10/5/3 ): (Dryers


.

)163(

10/6
10/6/1 :
( ) .

.
()
. ( )
.

10/6/2 :
( )
.
()
.

10/7
10/7/1 :
:
.

)164(

10/7/2 :
.
()200
) ( 3
)( 4

.
)( 5

.
) ( 6

(Humidistat)

) .
)( 7

.
) ( 8

.
)(9

.
)(10

.
)(11

)(S

( )

)165(

11/1

)(Ventilation

11/1/1 :
)(Fixed Quantity of Outdoor Air

)166(

11/1/2 :
)(Winter Control from Mixed Air

.
) (Controller

)(T

)(S

.
.
.

)(Low Temperature Limit Controller) (LT

)167(

11/1/3 :
)(Year round Control from Mixed Air

( )

)(Winter Controller

) . (S
) (S ) (T2
.
.
.

(LT)

( )

)168(

11/1/4

)(Year round Economizer Control from Mixed Air

): (Modulating

( ) ) (S
.
()

.
() .


)(S

.
) (S

.
.

)169(


11/2

)(Heating

11/2/1 :
)(Control from Space and Discharge Air

)(LT

( )

)170(

11/2/2 ): (Control from Discharge Air

) (T ) (V
.
) ( (LT )
.

)171(

11/2/3 :
(Outdoor Compensated Control from Discharge Air):

) (V

)(Compensator

)(LT

( )

)172(

11/2/4 :
)(Multiple Coil Control from Outdoor and Discharge Air

:
.

)173(

2/5/11
:
)(Outdoor Compensated Control of Hot Deck with Space Control of Multiple Mixing Dampers

)(Compensator

)(Bypass

)(LT

( )

)174(

11/3

)(Preheat

11/3/1 :
)(Preheat from Outdoor Air with Face and Bypass Dampers

) (V

) ( (LT )
.
:

. .

)175(

11/3/2 .
)(Control from Preheat Leaving Air

.
) (T ) (V
.

)(LT

( )

)176(

11/3/3 :
)(Control of Preheat and Mixing Dampers in Sequence

)(T

-:
( ) ) (Range

)(V

()
) (V .
() ) (V .
) (SW .
) ( (LT )
.

)177(

11/3/4
)(Year round Runaround Preheat System

)(TW

)(TS

:
.

)178(

11/4

)(Humidification

11/4/1 :
)(Control of Steam Jet Humidifier

(V)

.
) (V .

)(Humidistat

)179(

11/4/2 :
)(Compensated Dewpoint Control of an Air Washer Humidifier

)(V


.
) (H ) (T
.

)(T

)(V


.
) (V ) (T .
.
) (P .
) (S .
.

)180(

11/5

)(Cooling

11/5/1 :
)(Modulating Chilled Water Coil Mixing Valve

)(T

)(V

)181(

11/5/2 :
(Two position Chilled Water Coil Valve and Modulating Return
)Air Bypass Damper

.
): (T
( ) ) (V .
()
.
) (V .

)182(

11/5/3 :
)(On off Direct Expansion Coil Solenoid Valve

)(T

)(V

.
) (Non restarting Relay) (R
)(Pump Down

)(T

)(V

)183(

11/5/4
:
(Two position Direct Expansion Coil Solenoid Valve; Modulating Face
)and Bypass Damper

)(V

): (T
( ) ) (V
.
()
.
.

)184(

11/5/5
:
(Two Position Direct Expansion Coil Solenoid Valve; Modulating Return
)Air Bypass Damper

.
): (T
( )

)(V

.
()
.

)(V

)185(

11/5/6 :
)(Cold Deck system With Room or Zone Damper Control

.
) (V

). (Load Analyzer Relay) (L-A


)(L-A

) (Setpoint

)186(

11/6

)(Dehumidification

11/6/1 : :
)(Two position, Direct Expansion or Water Coil System

)(H

( )

)(T

:
:
.

)187(

11/6/2 :
)(Modulating Water Coil System

.
.

)188(

11/6/3 :
)(Direct Expansion or Water Coil Face and Bypass System


.
): (H
( )

()
.
) (T

.
) (T

)189(

6/4/11 :
)(Mixing Valve in an Air Washer System

)(H

.

)(Chiller

.
.

)190(

11/7 :
)(Control of Typical Combinations of System Components

11/7/1 :
)(Humidification and Space Control of Heating

.

.

.
) ( (LT)
.

)(Low Limit

)(H

)191(

11/7/2 ): (Hot and Cold Deck


.
.

) . (S
) (S
.

)192(

(Compensator)

.
) ( (LT )

(Solenoid Valve)

. ( )
( ) ) (Enthalpy ) (Dry - Bulb .

( .
) (Bypass
) .

)(L - A

) (Load Analyzer Relay

)193(

11/7/3
): (Economizer with Face and Bypass Cooling Control

)(Reset

(Modulating Space Thermostat) -:

( ) ) (s
). (Range
()
.
()

)194(

( )
.

)(LT

( )

) (S ( )
.
) (S
-:
( )

()
.
()

)(Limit

.
.

)195(

11/7/4 :
)(Summer Dehumidification and Winter Humidification

.
) (S

)196(

) ( (LT )
.

.

.

. .

.
.


)197(

11/7/5
): (Room or Zone Control Using an Air Washer

)(TW

)198(

)(Ts


.

) (P

.
.

) (S .

.
.
) ( (LT )
.

)199(

11/7/6 :
)(System with Room or Zone Heating and Cooling


.
.

)200(

(Humidistat)

) .

)(S

( )

)201(

()23
( / )

52

52

63

42

69

36

78

27

54

66

64

56

73

48

82

38

54

81

64

70

74

62

86

50

54

96

66

85

76

74

87

63

57

108

73

93

85

81

96

69

5/

81

220

99

200

115

187

138

162

)202(

()24

* / ( /) 3

)203(

()24

)204(

()25

* / ( /) 3

)205(

()25

)206(

()26

( _____ )
__________ :

__________ :

______________________ :

/ 2

)(1

)(2

)(3

)(4

)(5

)(6

)(7

)(8

)(9

)(10

)(11

)(12

)(13

)(14

)(15

)(16

___________________________ :

)207(

()27

)208(

()28

)209(

()29
) (Gauge

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

/2

30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
-

29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
-

27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18

0.315
0.355
0.400
0.450
0.500
0.560
0.630
0.710
0.800
0.900
1.000
1.12
-

0.315
0.32
0.345
0.354
0.355
0.376
0.397
0.38
0.400
0.417
0.443
0.44
0.450
0.457
0.498
0.500
0.508
0.559
0.560
0.560
0.610
0.629
0.630
0.707
0.710
0.711
0.75
0.794
0.800
0.813
0.88
0.887
0.900
0.914
0.996
1.000
1.016
1.12
1.12
1.13

2.5
2.5
2.7
2.8
2.8
2.9
3.1
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.6
3.9
3.9
4.0
4.4
4.4
4.4
4.8
4.9
4.9
5.5
5.6
5.6
5.9
6.2
6.3
6.3
6.9
7.0
7.1
7.2
7.8
7.8
8.0
8.8
8.8
8.9

)210(

()29
) (Gauge

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

/2

18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
-

18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8

17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
-

1.25
1.40
1.60
1.80
2.00
2.24
2.50
2.80
3.15
3.55
-

1.219
1.25
1.26
1.38
1.40
1.41
1.422
1.50
1.59
1.60
1.626
1.75
1.78
1.80
1.829
1.99
2.00
2.032
2.24
2.25
2.337
2.50
2.52
2.642
2.75
2.80
2.83
2.946
3.00
3.15
3.18
3.25
3.251
3.50
3.55
3.658
3.75
3.99

9.6
9.8
9.9
10.8
11.0
11.1
11.1
11.7
12.4
12.5
12.7
13.7
13.9
14.1
14.3
15.6
15.7
15.9
17.6
17.6
18.3
19.6
19.7
20.7
21.6
22.0
22.2
23.1
23.5
24.7
24.8
25.5
25.4
27.4
27.8
28.7
29.4
31.3

)211(

()30

( )

( )

()

= 2

= 2

= 3

= 3

( )

) =

/=

/=
/

/=

/=

/2

/ (/)2

/=2

/2

/( 3/ . 2)

/=
10/=

100/=

)212(

()30

..

../

(..) =
(..) =

/ =

(..)/ =
=
=

../.2

/2

(..)/.2 =

/
(..)/
(..)/
/2

/3
/3
/3

/= 2

/ .

(..)

(..)/ . .=
/ .=

/.2 .

(..) /

(..)/.2

/ .2

(..)/ 2

(..)/.2 .=

/ .2

/ .2=

2 .
( (..)/

(..)/=

/ .

(..)/.2 .
/
/

(..)/3

/3

(..)/=3

/3

(..)/.3

/3

(..)/.3=

/3

/ =3

(..)/

(..).3

(..)/.=
/=

/
(..)/.

)213(

()31

/2

/2

/= 2

/2

/2

/=

/=

/=

( )

/=

/= 3

/3


/ =

/ =

/ 3=

/ 3

/.2 =

/2

/.2 =

/ .2

/.2 =

/ .2

)214(

( ) 1

)215(

( ) ( )
()( )( )

( ) 2

)216(

()3

)217(


:
= ( ) .
= /
= ( )

.7 - .8

.6 - .7

.4 - .5

.3 - .4

( ) 4

)218(

( ) 5


)219(

( ) 6

)220(

)221(

( ) 8

)222(


( ) 9

()10

)223(


()11

)224(


()12

)225(


()13

)226(

()14

()15

)227(

()16

()17

)228(

( )

/ :
_____ _____
_____ _____
_____ _____
_____ _____
_____ _____
____ _____
______ ______
_____ ______
______ ______
_____ ______
______ ____
_____ ____

_____ ____
_____ _____
_____ ____
_____ ____
______ _____
____ _____
/
____ ____
____ ____
_____ _____
_____ _____
____ _____
____ _____
____ _____
____ _____
_____ _____
_____ _____

)229(

)230(

)231(

)232(

)233(

)234(

)235(

)236(

)237(

)238(

)239(

)240(

)241(

)242(

)243(

)244(

)245(

)246(

)247(

()

()

Louver
Orientation
Subtotal
Grand Total
Safety Red
Optional

Dehumidification

Energy Recovery

Alignment

Yellow Ochre

X Ray

Preheat
Recirculation

Reset

Ductwork

Imperial

Thermal Transmittance

Return
Chilled Water Return

()

Undercut Door

Non Attended

Cooling Tower

Dry bulb

Wet bulb

Sensitive Phial

)248(

()

Chilling

Anchor, Main

Anchor, Intermediate

Location of Plant
Beading
Humidification
Automatic Plants

Typical Combinations

Decoration

Floor Drain

Funnel Drain, Open

Application

Sequence

Adjust

Air Change

Defferential

Vacuum

Automatic

Direct Expansion

Air Filtration

Ventilation

Conduction

Rectified Current

)(

Cross Broken

)(

Thermometer Well

Bushing

Control Gear

Electric Control Gear

)249(

Sensible Heat
Expansion Loop

)(

External Cooling Load

Internal Cooling Load

Latent Load

)(

Damper

Volume Damper, Manual

Fire Damper

Air Damper

Mixing Damper

Bypass Damper

Face Damper

Open Expansion Tank


Head Tank

()

Propeller

Exposure to Wind

Dry bulb Temperature

Wet bulb Temperature

Seam
Impeller
Alignment Guide

()

Forced Frequency
Supply
Chilled Water Supply
Snap Action

)250(

()

Spray
Silver Grey
Colour Code Indication
Turning Vanes
Splitters
Guide Vanes

()

Sight Glass

()

Pre formed

Loose Fill

Entrainment

Cap

Blank Off

Tip Speed

Surface

Heat Transfer Surface

Heat Capacity

Belts

)(

Semi Automatic

Grille

Transfer Grille

Union

Severe

Flange

Solar

)251(

Rigid

)(

Needle Valve

Gate Valve

Gate, Angle Valve

Control, Electric pneumatic Valve

Heating Valve

Modulating Valve
Automatic Reducing Valve
Expansion Valve
Butterfly Valve
Hose End Drain Valve
Air Line Valve
Snap Action Valve


Hydraulic Piston Valve

Check, Swing Gate Valve


Check, Spring Valve

Diaphragm Valve

Plug Valve

Thermo Suction Valve


Quick Closing, Fusible Link Valve
Pressure Relief Valve

Ball Valve, Globe Valve

Globe, Angle Valve

Globe, Stop Check

Float Valve

Mixing Valve

3 Way Mixing Valve

Pressure Reducing, External

Pressure Valve

Pressure Reducing, Selfcontained

Valve

Pressure Reducing, Defferential


Pressure Valve
Solenoid Valve

)252(

Lock Shield Valve


Plenum

Compressor

)(

Reciprocating Compressor

Rotary Compressor

Centrifugal Compressor

Rotary Screw Compressor

Hit and miss


Noise

Pump Down

Design Conditions

Safety Head

Operating or Working Pressure


Static Pressure


) (

)(

Air Eliminator

Specific Energy

)(

Flowmeter

Thermal Insulation

Fusible Link

Crank Shaft

Hygroscopic Element

Gauge

)(

Air Washer

Spray type Air Washer

Capillary Air Washer

Immersion

Plenum Chamber

Cap

Unhydrous

)253(

)(

Oil Separator

Air Separator

Supply Air Inlet

Return Air Inlet

Fresh Air Inlet

Diffusion Temperature Difference


Furnace

Snap Action

Washer

Fixed Nozzles

)(

Fusible Plug

Coupling

Oil Circuit Breaker

Low temperature Cut out

High Pressure Cut out

Low pressure cut out

Rapture Disk

Bursting Disk

Crimson

Salmon Pink

Transformation Pieces

Canvas

Duct

Air Duct

Calorific Valve

Low Limit

Reference Valve

Sound Power

)254(

Vibration Absorber
Detector, Fire or Smoke
Dissipation
Intensity of Heat Flow
Intensity of Heat Flow Rate
Journal Bearing

)(

Fixed Quantity

Elbow

Elbow, Double Branch

Elbow, Long Radius

)(

Lacquer

)(

Brine

Heat Exchanger

Evaporator

Forced Convection Evaporator


Chiller, Cooler

Intercooler

Direct expansion Chiller

Desuperheater

Surface Cooler

Water Chiller

Interlock

By pass

Air Splitter

Dryer

Header

Alignment

)255(

Air Register
Motor
Series Wound Motor

Sheltered

Transition

As Built Drawings
Builders Work Drawings


Shop Drawings

Range

Throw

Garage

Reference
Non Restarting Relay

Load Analyzer Relay

Electrostatic Precipitator

Humidifier

Fan
Propeller Fan

Radial Blade Fan

Backward Curved Blade Fan

Backward Curved Blade Fan

Axial Flow Fan

Centrifugal Fan

Supply Fan

Exhaust Fan
Free Area

Taper

Receiver

Sound Level

Hot Deck

Water Heater

Air Heater
Strainer

Filter

Dry type Filter

)256(

Viscous type Filter


Steam Trap
Controller
Low Temperature Limit Controller

Winter Controller

Summer Controller

Narrow Range Controller


Safety Controller

Changeover Controller

Pump

Anodized

Shade Coefficient

Use Factor

Pick up Factor

Safety Factor

Absorption Coefficient

Normal

Mass Flow Rate

Volume Flow Rate

Heat Flow Rate

Outdoor Compensator

Design Criteria

Normally Closed

Flow Switch

Manual Switch

Pressure Switch

Oil Switch

Isolating Switch

Normally Opened

Bushing

Thermal Resistance

Thermal Resistivity

Sound Magnitude

Sound Attenuator

Condenser

)257(

Air Cooled Condenser


Evaporative Condenser

Water Cooled Condenser


Double Bundle Condenser
Adsorbent

Heating Coil

Cooling Coil

Direct Expansion Coil


Water Coil
Multiple Coil

Coil Loop

Finned Coil

Capacity Control
Modulating Space Thermostat
Thermostat, Pneumatic
Thermostat, Electric
Humidistat
Suction pressure Regulator
Air Regulators

Thermal Conductance

Thermal Conductivity

Enlargement
Latitude

)(

Jet

Air Diffuser
Devices
Air cleaning Devices

Cascade System

Input System

Extract System
Combined System
Skirting
Purity
Reducer

)258(

Control Point

Dew Point

) (

Setpoint

Gilled Type

Plain Type

Pressure Drop
Return Air
Outdoor Air

)(


Discharge Air

Delivered Air

Exhaust Air

Mixed Air

Roof Ventilator, Louvered

Roof Ventilator, Exhaust

Roof Ventilator, Intake

Terminal Unit, Mixing


Chilling Unit
Absorption Chilling Unit
Condensing Unit
Secondary Cooling Media
Refrigerant

) (





Flanged Joint

Screwed Joint

Welded Joint

Soldered Joint

Solvent Cement Joint

Coupling Sleeve Joint

Coupling Joint
Expansion Joint
Tee, Single Sweep

Ball Joint

Flexible Connector

Butt Welded Joint

)259(

1. BRITISH STANDERD CODE OF PRACTICE


- CP 352
Mechanical Ventilation and Air Conditioning in
Buildings.

- CP 3 Chapter III Part 2


Sound Insulation and Noise Reduction.

2. BRITISH STANDARD BS 1710


Identification of Pipelines

3. ASHREA Handbook of Fundamentals

4. ASHRAE Handbook of Systems

5. I.H.V.E.Guide

6. Handbook of Noise Control


Edited by
CYRIL M.HARRIS

7. Air Conditioning and Refrigeration


SEVERNS & FELLOWS
John Wiley & Sons
London Sydney

8. Handbook of Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning


JOHN PORGES
LONDON
NEWNES BUTTERWORTHS

9. Control Applications for Air Conditioning Systems


HONEYWELL


)260(

.1 :
- ( )
( ) ( )
2. British Standard BS 1440
3. British Standard BS 5000 Part 99 & Part 11
4. British Standard BS 587
5. British Standard BS 799 Part 3
6. British Standard BS 476
7. British Standard BS 1394
8. British Standard BS 5422
9. British Standard BS 4740
10. British Standard BS 1725
11. British Standard BS 3122
12. British Standard BS 1608
13. British Standard BS 1586
14. British Standard BS 5311 Part 1
15. British Standard BS 4752 Part 1
16. British Standard BS 5463
17. ASTM C 592
18. ASTM C 547
19. ASHRAE Handbook of Equipment

)261(

:
.


: .

: -:

: ( . )/
.

: ( )/

.

:
.

:
.

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