CHINA NATIONAL LOGGING CORP.

Perforating Technology
Introduction

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Contents
1. Brief introduction

2. New DP charges

3. HEPF technology

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Brief introduction

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Why Perforating?

Casing and cement isolating wellbore.

Establish fluid communication.

Production operating proceeds.

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Compact
Compactlayer
layer
Hole
Hole

Invaded
Invadedzone
zone

Virgin
Virginzone
zone

Cement

Casing

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Perforating Types
Wireline conveyed perforating(WCP)
Wireline casing perforating
Through tubing perforating (TTP)

Tubing conveyed perforating (TCP)

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Wellhead control equipment

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Advantages of WCP
.Easy to operate.
Use of the safety detonator.
Big OD perforating guns.
Cheap and easy for short intervals.

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Disadvantages of WCP
Overbalance perforating
H2S & CO2 wells
Deviated wells
High pressure wells

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TTP Perforating
Brief Introduction
Charges are closed in the
carrier
The charge lock is opened
The gun is fired

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TCP Applications
Long-interval perforating
H2S & CO2 wells
Deviated wells
TCP-testing
High pressure wells
Reperforating

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Features of TCP
Formation protection.
Clean debris.
Big size guns.
Conceivable length of guns
Operation safety.
Combination with testing
Saving operating time.

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TCP or WCP
Choice dependent on:
Kind of completion:Natural, fractured,
sand control, and remedial
Interval length
Rig cost
Post perforating testing
Under balanced

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Example 1
Wireline casing perforating
Country :
Sudan
Well structure:
7 " casing
Completion fluid: water
Gun type:
5 " expendable steel hollow carrier
Phasing:
90
Shot density:
16spm
Perforating length:43.5m
Qty of lubricators: 4
Total runs:
10
Well depth:
about 2300m
Total operating time:24 hrs

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Example 2
Through tubing perforating
Country :
Iran
Well structure: 9 5/8 " casing(0-2499.5m)
7 " casing(2360.5m-3805.0m)
gun type:
2 1/8" exposed spiral guns
Phasing:
90
Shot density: 13spm
Perf. length: 28.3m
Environment: 4% H2S, High power radar,
110kV power line
Safety :
safety adapter
Result :
successful

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Example 3
Tubing conveyed perforating (TCP)
Country :
Well structure:
Comp. fluid:
Gun type:
Phasing:
Shot density:
Well depth:
Perf. length:
Result :

Sudan
7 " casing
water
5 " expendable steel hollow carrier
90
16spm
2500m
73.5m, 105m including spacer.
all charges shot

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Example 4
Dual casing perforating
Country :
Sudan
Well structure: 9 5/8 " casing and 13 3/8 " casing
Comp. fluid: water
Gun type:
5 " expendable steel hollow carrier
Phasing:
90
Shot density: 16spm
After perf.
Great bubble
Test conclusion:oil.

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New DP Charges

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1MD-1 Perforator
1. Casing O.D. : 7
2. Gun O.D. : 5 1/2
3. Gun type: high strength steel pipe, retrievable
4. Phasing: 90
5. Shot density(spm): 12
6. Explosive: RDX
7. Explosive weight (g): 45
8. Temperature rating:163 /2h
9. Pressure rating (Mpa):70
10.EH in concrete target : 0.56
11.Penetration in concrete target: 41.4

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1MD-2 Perforator
1. Casing O.D. : 7
2. Gun O.D. : 5
3. Gun type: high strength steel pipe, retrievable
4. Phasing: 90
5. Shot density(spm):12
6. Explosive type: RDX
7. Explosive weight (g): 45
8. Temperature rating:163 /2h
9. Pressure rating (Mpa):70
10.EH in concrete target : 0.50
11.Penetration in concrete target: 37.8

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1MD-3 Perforator
1. Casing O.D. : 5 1/2
2. Gun O.D. : 4
3. Gun type: high strength steel pipe, retrievable
4. Phasing: 90
5. Shot density(spm):16
6. Explosive type: RDX
7. Explosive weight(g): 39
8. Temperature rating:163 /2h
9. Pressure rating (Mpa):70
10.EH in concrete target : 0.48
11.Penetration in concrete target: 33.7

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Effect of new DP charges

well
Xinwei #
Mingce #
Xinwei ##
Wei #
Mingce #

production before reperf.

fluid (t/d)
8.50
5.10
6.30
3.00
18.90

production after reperf.

fluid (t/d)
13.10
6.90
12.30
9.50
32.80

effect
fluid (%)
54.12
35.29
95.24
216.67
73.54

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Limitation of Conventional Perf.

1.Penetration and shot density
2. compaction damage
3. Residual energy

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HEPF Technology

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Meaning of HEPF
HEPF-High Energy Perforating and Fracturing

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Principle of HEPF
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Charges and propellant in the same gun

Charges are detonated.
Propellant is fired
High pressure generate
Fracturing would be realized.

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Characteristics of HEPF
1. Two different types of energy
2. Overcoming the restriction of critical conditions
3. Removing compaction damage .
4. Utilizing the residual energy of explosion.
5. Simple process and convenient operation
6. Safety operating and Economical costs

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Performance of HEPF
1. Fracture length on target surface : 2500mm
2. Fracture width on target surface: 5.3mm
3. Fracture width on target side: 3mm
4. Pressure rating: 80Mpa
5. Temperature rating : 177

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HEPF Products
charge type

gun size
(mm)

TY-89-P

DP36RDX

89

13/16

G/P

wireline/ tubing

TY-89-G

DP36HMX

89

13/16

G/P

wireline/ tubing

TY-102-P41

DP41RDX

102

13/16

G/P

wireline/ tubing

TY-102-G41

DP41HMX

102

13/16

G/P

wireline/ tubing

TY-102-P44

DP44RDX

102

13/16

G/P

wireline/ tubing

TY-102-G44

DP44HMX

102

13/16

G/P

wireline/ tubing

TY-114-P

DP44RDX

114

13/16

G/P

wireline/ tubing

TY-114-G

DP44HMX

114

13/16

G/P

wireline/ tubing

TY-127-P

DP44RDX

127

13/16

G/P

wireline/ tubing

TY-127-P

DP44HMX

127

13/16

G/P

wireline/ tubing

perforator type

shot density (spm) propellant type

conveyance

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Example 5 -HEPF
Area:
Tarim
Completion: reperforating
Well no:
Lun south #
Before HEPF:no commercial oil since 1993
After HEPF: test rate 25t/d in 1999

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Example 6 -HEPF
Well area: Kazakstan
Perforating depth 3865m
Total interval 52 m
Perforating type:TCP
Propellant quantity:1260g/m
Expected production: 70t/d
Completion result: 120t/d