0.5fy 60, 000 0.5(0.

0125)(60)
1
1
=
= 4.45
0.85 4
12, 000 * 0.85 fc 12, 000
fy

*To convert Mu from ft-kips to in.-lbs

Therefore,

As =

Mu
Mu
M
=
= u
d(constant) 0.9 4.45 d 4d

= 4000 psi and fy = 60,000 psi:

As =

Mu * *
4d

**Note: this equation is in mixed units: Mu is in ft-kips, d is in in. and As is in sq in.

For all values of < 0.0125, the simplified As equation is slightly conservative. The maximum deviation in
is less than + 10% at the minimum and maximum useful tension steel ratios.3.9 For members with
reinforcement ratios in the range of approximately 1% to 1.5%, the error is less than 3%.
The range of change in the constant in the denominator in the above equation is very narrow for different
concrete strengths; this allows the use of the above equation for approximate reinforcement area estimination