UMTS Solution Overview

Company Confidential
1

2006 Nokia

T-Mobile Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

RNC in WCDMA Radio Access Network

Internet
GGSN

SGSN

SABC

MGW
MSC/HLR

PSTN

RNC

RNC1

RNC

RNC

RNC2

RNC #n

Nokia
WCDMA BTS

R99 / HSDPA / HSUPA

Company Confidential
2

2006 Nokia

T-Mobile Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

Flexi Node B

HSUPA

Company Confidential
3

2006 Nokia

T-Mobile Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

Nokia Flexi WCDMA Base Station

Small in Size, Big in Functionality
Macro WCDMA/HSDA/I-HSPA BTS in
micro size
One person can carry and
install
Up to 12 cells/carriers, 6 sectors
100W Dual-PA Radio Module
with 2 sectors
Output power nominal 45W,
guaranteed 40W per carrier
Remote HSPA upgrade
Remote capacity allocation with
SW license
Optimized Antenna Line
Power feed and control for
Integrated Mast Head Amplifier
and Antenna Tilt
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4

2006 Nokia

T-Mobile Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

Outdoor, -33 +55 C, (-27.4 131F), IP55

Weight < 21 kg(46.3 lb) per module
Volume 33 liters

Mechanics
Core
(can be pulled out for replacement)

Optional Front
Cable cover
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5

2006 Nokia

T-Mobile Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

Casing (to enable core pull out)

Fan at back
(can be replaced at site)

Nokia Flexi WCDMA BTS RF- Module

One (FRIB) or two (FRIA) sector
support with RX Diversity
100W PA output power with Dual
50W Power Amplifiers
Over 25 % efficiency
4 TX carriers, 8 RX carriers
2 Antenna Filters with integrated
MHA power feeding
3GPP Antenna Tilt support
VSWR measurement
lightning protection

Redundant integrated fans

Optional integrated AC submodule (with FRIB only)
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6

2006 Nokia

T-Mobile Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

RF Module interfaces
4 x 7/16 antenna
feeder connectors

Note: FRIA in the picture.

Duplex LC
connector for optical
system interface

Company Confidential
7

2006 Nokia

T-Mobile Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

Multi-beam
connector for
power interface

Nokia Flexi WCDMA System Module

integrated BB and BTS Control
integrated Transport alternatives
ATM/IP over
PDH/SDH/Flexbus/Ethernet
DC power input and distribution to RF
Modules
optical OBSAI RP3-01 interface to RF
Modules
BTS site external alarms and controls
100&1000 BaseT Ethernet connectors
ext Synchronization out and input
redundant integrated fans

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8

2006 Nokia

T-Mobile Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

System Module interfaces

4 x multi-beam power supply
connectors for power delivery
to other modules

4 x RJ-45
connectors
for site
support,
external
transport
and LMP

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9

2006 Nokia

T-Mobile Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

MDR36
connector for
external
alarms &
controls
interface

8 x RJ-48 or 16 x SMB or 2 x TNC or

2 x duplex LC connectors for
(variable) transport interfaces

MDR14
connector
for external
synchroniz
ation
interface

MDR26
connector
for BTS
chaining
and LMU
interface

5 x duplex
LC
connectors
for system
and
baseband
extension
interfaces

Flexi System Module + Transport sub-module

Company Confidential
10

2006 Nokia

T-Mobile Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

FlexiTransport Overview

FTEB (RAS05.1)

FTPB (RAS05.1)

FTOA (RAS05.1ED

FTJA (RAS06)
Company Confidential
11

2006 Nokia

T-Mobile Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

FTIA (RAS05.1)

FTFA (RAS05.1)

Transport Sub-modules, overview

Module name

Interfaces

Availability

Remarks

FTPB

8xE1/T1/JT1

RAS05.1

120/110/100, RJ48c

FTEB

8xE1 coaxial

RAS05.1

75, SMB

FTOA

2xSTM1/OC3

RAS05.1 ED

1xSFP, LC equipped

FTFA

2xFlexbus

RAS05.1

TNC

4xE1/T1/JT1

RAS05.1

2xFast Ethernet, 1xGE

Ethernet supported in RAS06

Optional Gigabit
Ethernet interface (SFP)

FTIA
FTJA

4xE1 coaxial
2xFast Ethernet, 1xGE

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12

2006 Nokia

T-Mobile Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

RAS06

RJ48C, RJ45, SFP (LC)

Optional Gigabit
Ethernet interface (SFP)
SMB, RJ45, SFP (LC)

Flexi Power Module FPMA

Example configuration with
3 Flexi Power AC sub-modules FPAA
1 Flexi Power Battery FPBA

Company Confidential
13

2006 Nokia

T-Mobile Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

Supported HW configurations
Configuration

Minimum Guaranteed Output

Power (per carrier)

Minimum # of Radio Modules

1 carrier omni

8/20/40W

FRxB(RAS05.1)

2 carrier omni

20W

FRxB(RAS05.1CD)

2 carrier omni

40W

FRxA(RAS06)

1+1

20/40W

FRxA(RAS05.1)

2+2

20W

FRxA(RAS05.1CD)

2+2

40 W

2xFRxA(RAS06)

1+1+1

20/40 W

FRIA + FRIB or
FRIA + FRIA (RAS05.1)

1+1+1 Feederless

20/40 W

3x FRIB (RAS05.1)

2+2+2

20W

FRxA + FRxB (RAS05.1CD)

2+2+2 Feederless

20W

3xFRxB (RAS05.1CD)

2+2+2

40 W

3 x FRxA (RAS06)

Up to 4+4+4

20 W

3 x FRxA (after RAS06, to be

agreed.)

Up to 6 x 1

20W/40 W

3 x FRxA (after RAS06, to be

agreed.)

20 W

3 x FRxA (after RAS06, to be

agreed.)

Company Confidential
14

Up to 6 xT-Mobile
2 Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

2006 Nokia

RNC

HSUPA

Company Confidential
15

2006 Nokia

T-Mobile Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

High Capacity, High Density RNC

Max capacities of 450 and 1000 Mbit/s
in just two cabinets
Fully HSPA compatible SW upgrade only
Dynamic allocation of CS & PS
capacity and transmission interfaces
Easy upgradeability and scalability
Fault tolerant, distributed platform
Flexible transmission solution with
evolution to IP

Company Confidential
16

2006 Nokia

T-Mobile Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

 Maximum capacities in just

two cabinets instead of three
or more high density RNC
Transmission units integrated
to the same cabinets
Efficient use of expensive site
space, enabling site OPEX
savings
Allows co-siting with other
RNCs or BSCs
Several simple capacity steps
for flexible upgradeability
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17

2006 Nokia

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Max 450 Mbit/s

All Capacity Variants in

One or Two Cabinets

150

300

450

RNC Freely Configurable Capacity

RNC 150450 Mbit/s capacity in three steps
Maximum capacities in just two cabinets
Dimensions: 1800 x 600 x 600 mm
Weight (fully loaded): 230 kg
Power Consumption: 3.9 kW (RNC 450)
Nominal Voltage: -48 V DC
Transmission interfaces: PDH, SDH/Sonet
and Giga Ethernet (RAS06 CD)

Release
Performance *)

RAN04

RAS05

RAS05.1

RNC SW

RN2.0

RN2.1

RN2.2

Iub Capacity

196 Mbps

196 Mbps

450 Mbps

Erlang

6800

6800

8000

Connectivity
- BTS site
- Carriers

384
1152

Company Confidential
18

Max 450 Mbit/s

2006 Nokia

T-Mobile Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

384
1152

512
1152

150

300

450

*) With Nokia traffic mix.

Please evaluate traffic mix
for performance
comparisons

GigaRNC Evolution to Data Traffic Growth

Gigabit RNC in the future
platform

Release:

150

450

Company Confidential
19

2006 Nokia

300

T-Mobile Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

GigaRNC

RAS07

RNC SW

RN2.2

RN3.0

Iub Capacity

450 Mbps

1500 Mbps

Erlang

8000

20000

Connectivity
- BTS site
- Carriers

512
1152

768
2688

Max 1000 Mbit/s

Max 450 Mbit/s

Maximum capacities still in

just two cabinets

RAS05.1

1000

 All RNC HW is compatible with HSDPA

and HSUPA without new HW
Introducing HSDPA and HSUPA requires
only SW upgrade (RAS 5.1)
The entire RNC capacity can be used for
HSDPA and HSUPA traffic dynamically

Max 450 Mbit/s

HSPA Compatible RNC - SW Upgrade Only

150

450

Maximum
efficiency
with only
two-cabinet
RNC!
Company Confidential
20

2006 Nokia

T-Mobile Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

300

Wide Portfolio of Handovers with Advanced

Functionalities
Benefit from installed 2G network capacity upon 3G
service launch with maximum interworking
Load balancing between 2G and 3G layers reducing
overall CAPEX needs
Optimised use of all available 2G and 3G spectrum
Ensured service continuity and mobility with e.g.
Inter-system handovers
Load and service based handovers
IMSI based handover

Load and
service
handover

GSM
GSM
WCDMA

GSM

WCDMA
WCDMA

W
IDLE mode
control
Company Confidential
21

2006 Nokia

T-Mobile Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

IMSI based
handover

Directed RRC
connection
setup for load
reason

Coverage
handover

HSDPA

HSUPA

Company Confidential
22

2006 Nokia

T-Mobile Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

Introduction to HSDPA (1/5)

HSDPA is introduced in 3GPP Rel5 specifications.
HSDPA offers a lower cost per bit, provides theoretical peak
data rates up to 14.4 Mbps.
Link adaptation feature, modulation and coding scheme is
selected by the BTS-based on feedback information.
Reduced (re)transmission delays.
Improved QoS control (BTS-based packet scheduling).
HSDPA is mainly intended for non-real time traffic, but can
also be used for traffic with tighter delay requirements.

Company Confidential
23

2006 Nokia

T-Mobile Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

Introduction to HSDPA (2/5)

Company Confidential
24

2006 Nokia

T-Mobile Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

Introduction to HSDPA (3/5)

Additional unit with MAC functionality
(HSDPA MAC or MAC-hs) is installed at the
BTS.

R99 DCH / DSCH

R5 HS-DSCH

The RNC still retains the RLC

functionalities as it provides
retransmission in cases when HS-DSCH
BTS retransmission fails.

Company Confidential
25

2006 Nokia

T-Mobile Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

Packets

The Iub interface (BTS-RNC) requires a

flow control mechanism to ensure that
BTS buffers are used properly and there
is no buffer overflow.

Packets

Retransmission controlled by the BTS

reduces retransmission delay.

RLC
ACK/NACK

L1
ACK/NACK

Introduction to HSDPA (4/5)

WBTS

RNC

Packets
Flow Control

Buffer &
Scheduler

Terminals
HARQ &
Coding

ACK/NACK &
Feedback
Decoding

Buffer & Scheduler: buffering of data, terminal scheduling, coding &

modulation selection QPSK is still used and a new modulation type
16 QAM is introduced.
H-ARQ, retransmission handling and coding.
Uplink feedback decoding.
Flow control towards the SRNC.
Company Confidential
26

2006 Nokia

T-Mobile Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

HSUPA

HSUPA

Company Confidential
27

2006 Nokia

T-Mobile Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

HSUPA Peak Data Rates

Max Layer 1 and Layer 2 (RLC) throughput shown below
Max L1 data rate
UE category

# of codes

10 ms

2 ms

10 ms

2 ms

1 x SF4

0.73 Mbps

0.67 Mbps

2 x SF4

1.46 Mbps

1.46 Mbps

1.38 Mbps

1.28 Mbps

2 x SF4

1.46 Mbps

1.38 Mbps

2 x SF2

2.0 Mbps

2.9 Mbps

1.88 Mbps

2.72 Mbps

2 x SF2

2.0 Mbps

1.88 Mbps

2 x SF2
+ 2 x SF4

2.0 Mbps

5.76 Mbps

1.88 Mbps

5.44 Mbps

Company Confidential
28

Max RLC data rate

2006 Nokia

T-Mobile Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

L1 output
rate

L1

RLC

RLC input
rate

HSUPA UE Categories
HSUPA uses BPSK modulation with multicode transmission
Max 2 Mbps with 10 ms TTI
Up to 5.76 Mbps with 2 ms TTI
HSUPA
category

Codes

Data rate
with 10 ms

Data rate
with 2 ms

1 x SF4

0.73 Mbps

2 x SF4

1.46 Mbps

1.46 Mbps

2 x SF4

1.46 Mbps

2 x SF2

2 Mbps

2.9 Mbps

2 x SF2

2 Mbps

2xSF2 + 2xSF4

2 Mbps

5.76 Mbps

Company Confidential
29

2006 Nokia

T-Mobile Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

Differences between HSDPA and HSUPA

HSDPA
HSDPA

HSUPA
HSUPA

Modulation
Modulation

QPSK
QPSKand
and16-QAM
16-QAM

BPSK
BPSKand
andDual-BPSK
Dual-BPSK

Soft
Softhandover
handover

No
No

Yes
Yes

Fast
Fastpower
power
control
control

No
No

Yes
Yes

Scheduling
Scheduling

Point
Pointto
to
multipoint
multipoint

Non-scheduled
Non-scheduled
transmission
transmission

No
No

Multipoint
Multipoint
to
topoint
point
Yes,
Yes,for
forminimum/
minimum/
guaranteed
guaranteedbit
bitrate
rate

HSUPA is rather Enhanced DCH than reversed HSDPA

Company Confidential
30

2006 Nokia

T-Mobile Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

Efficient UE power
amplifier

Required for near-far

avoidance
Scheduling cannot be
as fast as in HSDPA
Similar to R99 DCH
but with HARQ

HSUPA vs UL DCH
HSUPA (E-DCH) is an uplink DCH with Node B based HARQ and scheduling
and true multicode support
Feature

DCH

HSUPA

HSDPA

Variable spreading factor

Yes

Yes

No

Multicode transmission

No

Yes

Yes

Fast power control

Yes

Yes

No

Soft handover

Yes

Yes

Adaptive modulation

No

No

Yes

BTS based scheduling

No

Yes

Yes

Fast L1 HARQ

No

Yes

Yes

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31

2006 Nokia

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No
(associated DCH only)

DCH vs E-DCH Retransmissions

DCH

E-DCH

RNC

Packet

Retransmission
Packet
(1st TX)

BTS

RLC ACK/NACK

Terminal
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32

2006 Nokia

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Combining of packet
and retransmission
Retransmission

L1 ACK/NACK

HSUPA Fast Retransmissions

Fast ACK/NAK from BTS
N-process Stop-And-Wait (SAW) HARQ
In soft handover: each BTS sends ACK, retransmission if UE has not received any
ACKs
HARQ control and
soft combining

Packet
Reordering

AC
K/N
AK
E-D
CH
dat
a
E-DCH data

ACK/NAK

RNC

Correctly
received packet

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2006 Nokia

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Node B

Terminal