Lesson 5.

1
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Problem Solving Add or

Subtract
There are 12 skunks in the woods.
Some skunks walk away.
There are 8 skunks still in the woods.
How many skunks walk away?

Unlock the Problem

What do I need to nd?

how many
walk away

skunks

What information do
I need to use?

12
8
skunks still in the woods
skunks in the woods

Show how to solve the problem.

8 skunks still in the woods

12

walk away

Make a model to solve.

Use
to help you.
1. There are 15 frogs on a log.

Some frogs hop away.

There are 7 frogs still on the log.
How many frogs hop away?

7
15

frogs hop away

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5-5

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Lesson 5.1
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Missing Numbers
Choose a number to complete the story.
Solve. Use
to help you.
1. Macy has 8 markers. She loses

3
markers. How many

3 =
5
8-
5

markers does she have left?

markers

2. There are 15 balloons. balloons

are green. The rest are purple.

How many balloons are purple?

15 - =

purple balloons

-3=

3. Al has books. He gives

away 3 books. How many

books does he have left?

4. There are 9 big fish. There are

small fish. How many more big fish

are there than small fish?

books

9-=

more big fish

Writing and Reasoning What number of

books can Al not have in Exercise 3? Explain.

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Lesson 5.2
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Record Related Facts

Use the numbers to
write four related facts.

6 4 10
6 + 4 = 10

10 - 4 = 6

4 + 6 = 10

10 - 6 = 4

THINK
Each number is
in all four facts.

Use the numbers to make related facts.

1.

6 + 8 = 14
6 8 14
= 14
8+

2.

2 7 9

B+7=9
7+2=9

3.

= 11
5+
5 6 11
6 + 5 = 11

4.

3 + 9 = 12
+ 3 = 12

3 9 12

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5-7

B-8=6
14 - 6 = B
9-B=2
B-2=7
B-6=5
11 - B = 6
B-9=3
12 - B = 9
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Lesson 5.2
Enrich

Name

Addition and Subtraction

Facts
Write a number sentence to match the
picture. Then write a related fact.
1.

2.

3.

4.

C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

Writing and Reasoning Draw a picture.

Color some objects one color and the rest a
different color. Have a classmate write two number
sentences for your picture.

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5-8

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Lesson 5.3
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Identify Related Facts

If you know an addition fact, you will
also know the related subtraction fact.

Both facts use

2, 4, and 6.
They are related
facts.

+ 4C
= 6
C
2

- 4C
= 2
6C

Add and subtract the related facts.

1.

7+8=
15 - 8 =

2.

7+4=
11 - 4 =

3.

1+8=
9-8=

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Lesson 5.3
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Mice and Cheese Relate

Add and subtract. Draw a line from mouse
to cheese to match related facts.
1.

7+2=

8-5=

2.

3+4=

10 - 8 =

3.

3+5=

7-1=

4.

2+8=

9-2=

5.

6+1=

7-4=

Writing and Reasoning Write a

third related fact for each pair above.

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5-10

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Lesson 5.4
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Use Addition to Check

Subtraction
You can use addition to
check subtraction.
You start with 8.
Take apart to subtract.

THINK
Put the 5 and
3 back together.

Add to check.
You end with 8.

5
B

8
3
_

+
3
_

5
B

8
B

Use
to help you. Subtract.
Then add to check your answer.

7
3
_

+
3
_

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Lesson 5.4
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Card Facts
Choose 3 numbers to
make a subtraction fact. Write it.
Then add to check.
1.

5 8 12 7

+=

+=

+=

2.
5 7 9
16

3.
11

6 13 5

Writing and Reasoning Change one

number on the cards in Exercise 3 to make a
new subtraction fact. Tell what you did.

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Lesson 5.5
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Algebra Unknown Numbers

Add or subtract to find the unknown numbers.

6 + 5 = 11

THINK
I start with 6. I keep adding
cubes until there are 11.
The missing number is 5.
A related fact is 11 - 6 = 5.

11 - 6 = 5

Use
to nd the unknown numbers.
Write the numbers.
1.

2.

B = 13
13 - 4 = B

B = 15
15 - 7 = B

4+
3.

7+
4.

B = 14
14 - 8 = B
9 + B = 18
18 - 9 = B
8+

5.

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B = 16
16 - 9 = B
8 + B= 16
16 - 8 = B

9+
6.

5-13

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Lesson 5.5
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Chicken and Egg Match

Write the missing numbers. Match each
chicken to the egg with the related fact.
1.

B+ 2 = 7

2.

3.

14 -

B= 14

B = 10

10 +

12 - 9 =

B+ 6 = 11

7-2=

4.

9+

B = 12

11 -

B=6

Writing and Reasoning Write a third

related number sentence for each pair above.

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Lesson 5.6
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Algebra Use Related

Facts
Find 11 6.

THINK
Start with 6. How
many do I add
to make 11?

Use counters to help you.

5 = 11
6+
5
11 - 6 =

11
6

Use counters. Write the missing numbers.

1. Find 13 - 8.

2. Find 12 - 3.

8 + = 13

3+

13 - 8 =

12 - 3 =

13

12

8
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= 12

3
5-15

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Lesson 5.6
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Addition and Subtraction

Riddles
Write the missing number to solve the riddle.
Then write two related number sentences.

1. We have a sum of 6.

We have a difference of 2.
What numbers are we?
4 and

C C6
C C

2. We have a sum of 9.

We have a difference of 3.
What numbers are we?

C C

C C
C 6 C 12

6 and

3. Together we make 12.

Our difference is 0.
What numbers are we?

C C

6 and

Writing and Reasoning Choose two

numbers. Use them to write a riddle like Exercise 1.
Then write two related number sentences.
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Lesson 5.7
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Choose an Operation
Liz has 15 stuffed animals.
She gives away 6. How many
stuffed animals are left?

THINK
Liz gives some away.
So, I subtract.
Circle subtract.

add

subtract

15 - 6 = 9

stuffed animals

Circle add or subtract.

Write a number sentence to solve.
1. Misha has 11 crackers.

He eats 2 crackers.
How many crackers
are left?

add

subtract
=

crackers
2. Lynn has 5 shells.

Dan has 7 shells.

How many shells do
Lynn and Dan have?

add

shells
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subtract

5-17

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Lesson 5.7
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Coachs Choice
Coach puts away some soccer balls.
Each bin holds 1 ball. There are 16 bins.
3 black
soccer balls

7 orange
soccer balls

5 yellow
soccer balls

6 purple
soccer balls

storage bins

Write addition and subtraction sentences to solve.

Then circle yes or no.

bins

soccer balls

1. Coach puts the black and

the yellow soccer balls in

the bins. Can she fit all of
the orange soccer balls in
the bins, too?
yes
no

black
soccer balls

2. Coach puts the orange

soccer balls in the bins.

Can she fit all of the yellow
and the purple soccer balls
in the bins, too?
yes

yellow
soccer balls

total
soccer balls

bins left

no

Writing and Reasoning Coach empties 3 boxes

and fills all the bins exactly. How can she do that?

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Lesson 5.8
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Algebra Ways to Make

Numbers to 20
These are some ways to make the number 14.

4 + 4 + 6 = 14

7 + 7 = 14

14 - 0 = 14
Use
to show each way.
Cross out the way that does not make the number.
1.

8-1

3+4

2+3+1

2.

15

7+6

15 - 0

8+7

3.

4+4+5

9-4

6+7

8+2

3+3+3

10 - 1

18

9+9

9-9

18 - 0

13

4.

5.

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5-19

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Lesson 5.8
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Code Facts
List all the ways to make the numbers
using the code shapes shown here.

5 6 7
6

1.

+
+
+
-

8
2.

9 10 11

+
+
+
+
+
+
+

=
=
=
=
=
=
=

Writing and Reasoning Choose another

number. Use the code to write all the ways to
make that number.
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Lesson 5.9
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Algebra Equal and

Not Equal
An equal sign means both sides are the same.

3+3=6-0

3+2=5-2

THINK
3 + 3 = 6 and 6 - 0 = 6.
Is 6 the same as 6?

THINK
3 + 2 = 5 and 5 - 2 = 3.
Is 5 the same as 3?

It is true.

It is false.

yes

no

Which is true? Circle your answer.

Which is false? Cross out your answer.
1.

75=52

2.

88=66
3.

4+3=5+2

2+8=8+2
4.

7+3=4+5

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1 + 8 = 18

92=9+2
9 = 10 1

5-21

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Lesson 5.9
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Shape Number Code

Draw the shape to make each
number sentence true.

Shape Code
stands for 8

stands for 1

stands for 4
1.

9+3=

3.

3+

5.

16 = 6 +

=7-0
+

2.

12 =

4.

6.

7+

stands for 2

=5+
= 10 -

Writing and Reasoning Explain how you

chose the shapes for Exercise 5.

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Lesson 5.10
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Facts Practice to 20
Mr. Chi has 12 books.
He sells 3 books.
How many books are left?
What is 12 3?
THINK
I can use a related fact.

THINK
I can count back.

Start at 12.
9.
Count 11, 10,

3 + 9 = 12

9
12 - 3 =

9.
So, 12 - 3 =
Add or subtract.
1.

14 - 5 =

2.

9+2=

3.

6+4=

4.

12 - 6 =

5.

8-3=

6.

7+5=

7.

9+6=

8.

13 - 9 = 9. 8 + 8 =

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Lesson 5.10
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Math Fact Hints

Use the hint to add or subtract.
1. Hint: One addend is 1 less

2. Hint: The difference is 10.

than the other.

= 11

15 -

3. Hint: Use the number 9 two 4. Hint: One addend is

times in this math fact.

3 more than the other.

= 9

5. Hint: The difference is

6. Hint: The addends are the

greater than 6 and less

than 8.

9 -

= 13

same.

Writing and Reasoning What other fact can

you write for Exercise 6? Explain.

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