Modular Coordination

Modular Coordination
1.
DEFINITIONS
In order to ensure that the concepts of modular coordination find a clear and
uniform expression in practice, the following terms have been defined as set forth
in the pertinent ISO standards:
basic module: The fundamental module used in modular coordination, the size
of which is selected for general application to buildings and components.
component: A building product formed as a distinct unit, having specified sizes
in three dimensions. Building components include items of equipment, fixtures,
fittings and fixed furnitures.
controlling dimension: A modular coordinating dimension between controlling
planes (for example storey height, distance between axes of columns, thickness of
controlling zone).
controlling plane: A plane in a modular space grid by reference to which the
theoretical positions of structural elements are determined (for example, a plane
defining the boundary of a controlling zone, or the axis of a load-bearing wall or
column).
controlling zone: A zone between controlling planes, provided for a floor, roof
load-bearing wall or column.
coordinating dimension: A dimension of coordinating space, which defines the
relative positions of two or more components which are relevant to the assembly.
coordinating plane: A plane by reference to which one component is
coordinated with another.
coordinating size: The size of a coordinating dimension.
coordinating space: A space bounded by coordinating planes allocated to a
component including allowances for tolerances and joint clearances.
dimensional coordination: A convention on related sizes for the coordinating
dimensions of building components and the buildings incorporating them, for
their design, manufacture and assembly . The purposes of dimensional
coordination are: (1) to permit the assembly of components on site without cutting
on fitting; and,
(2) to permit the interchangeability of different components.
element: A functional part of a building constructed from building materials
and/or building components.
infra-modular size: A size smaller than the basic module.

modular axis: A line in a modular grid, which defines the position in plan of a
main load-bearing element (for example wall, row of columns).
modular component: A component whose coordinating sizes are modular.
modular coordination: Dimensional coordination employing the basic module
or a multimodule. The purposes of modular coordination are: (1) to reduce the
variety of component size produced; and, (2) to allow the building designer
greater flexibility in the arrangement of components.
modular element: An element whose coordinating sizes are modular.
modular floor height: Vertical dimension of the modular floor zone between the
modular plane of the upper surface of floor covering and the modular plane of the
finished ceiling.
modular floor plane: Horizontal modular plane continuous over the whole of
each storey of a building and coinciding with the upper surface of floor covering,
the upper surface of roughfloor or the upper surface of structural floor.
modular grid: A rectangle coordinate reference system in which the distance
between consecutive lines is the basic module or a multimodule. This
multimodule may differ for each of the two dimensions of the grid.
modular line: A line formed by the intersection of two modular planes.
modular plane: A plane in a modular space grid.
modular room height: Vertical dimension within one storey between the
modular plane of the upper surface of floor covering and the modular plane of the
finished ceiling.
modular size: A size that is a multiple of the basic module.
modular space grid: A three-dimensional rectangular coordinate reference
system in which the distance between consecutive planes is the basic module or a
multimodule. This multimodule may differ for each of the three dimensions of
the space grid.
modular storey height: Vertical dimension between two modular floor planes of
two consecutive floors.
modular zone: A modular space between modular planes, which is provided for
a component or group of components which do not necessarily fill the space, or
which may be left empty.
module: A unit of size used as an increment in dimensional coordination.
multimodule: A module whose size is a selected multiple of the basic module.
Reciprocally, sub-module is a unit of size whose value is a selected fraction of the
basic module.
neutral zone: A space between two consecutive modular planes which is not
modular.
planning module: A multimodule adopted for specific applications. When a
planning module is used to arrange structural elements, it may be described as a
structural module.
reference space: A space assigned in a building to receive a component,
assembly or element including, where appropriate, allowances for tolerances and
joint clearances. The space is bounded by reference planes which are not
necessarily modular.
reference system: A system of points, lines and planes to which the sizes and
positions of a component, assembly or element may be related.
sub-modular increment: An increment of size the value of which is a selected
fraction of the basic module.
technical size: A size governed by important economic considerations. It may
be modular only coincidentally.
2. AIMS OF MODULAR COORDINATION

a. Major Objective:
The principal object of modular coordination is to assist the building
design, construction professional building industry and its associated
manufacturing industries, by standardization in such a way that building
components fit with each other, with other components and with building
assembly on site, thereby improving the economics of building.
b. Specific Objectives:
Modular coordination thus:
facilitates cooperation between building designers, manufacturers,

distributors, contrators and authorities;
in the design work, enables buildings to be so dimensionally

coordinated that they can be erected with standard components without
undue restriction on freedom of design;
permits a flexible type of standardization, which encourages the use of

a number of standardized building components for the construction of
different types of building;
optimizes the number of standard sizes of building components;
encourages as far as possible the interchangeability of components,

whatever the material, form or method of manufacture;
simplifies site operations by rationalizing setting out, positioning and

assembly of building components; and,
ensures dimensional coordination between installations (equipment,

storage units, other fitted furniture, etc.) as well as with the rest of the
building.
PART B:
Bases of Modular Coordination
1. MODULES
Module is a standard unit of size used to coordinate the dimensions of buildings
and components, among which are:
a. Basic module is the fundamental unit of size n modular coordination. The basic
module is represented by letter M while its international standardized value is:
1M = 100 mm.
Multiples of the basic module from the modular sizes of building components, of
the parts of buildings they form, and, and of buildings themselves.
b. Multimodules are standardized selected whole multiples of the basic module.
Different multimodules will suit particular applications. However, if modular
coordination is to be achieved, the values of multimodules should not be chosen
arbitrarily and only standardized multimodules shall be used.
By using
multimodules,, it is possible to achieve a substantial reduction in the number of
modular sizes, particularly for components having at least one dimension equal to one
of the dimensions of the functional element of which they are a part.
A further reduction in the number of modular sizes may be achieved by means of
a general series of multimodular sizes based on selected multimodules.
The international standardizes values of multimodules for horizontal coordinating
dimensions are:
3M, 6M,12M,30M and 60M
The multimodule 15M may also be used for special applications.
The series of preferred multimodular sizes for horizontal dimensions are shown in
Table 1.
The series shown in the table are standardized for general guidance. Functional
economical and especially national considerations may justify the standardization of
modulars sizes which are not included in the series. Likewise, the preferred
multimodular sizes are not included in the series. Likewise, the preferred multimodular
sizes are primarily intended for sizing of component, groups of components and spaces.
The 12M series can be extended further to use larger increments such as 24M where
technical and economical advantages are evident. The 15 M, 30M and 60M series
correspond to the series in a system of preferred numbers which contain the factor five.
These series can also be extended to use larger increments in the series of the
multimodule 60M such as 120M or larger. In the selection of sizes from the table,
preference should be given to the series of the largest multimodule compatible with
functional requirements and economic design. The figure below shows examples of
specifications for the preferred modular sizes in building.
Table 1. Series of preferred multimodular sizes for horizontal dimensions

MULTIMODULES
3M
6M
12M
15M
30M
3M*
6M
6M
9M**
12M** 12M* 12M
*
15M**
15M
18M
18M
21M
24M
24M
24M
27M
30M
30M
30M
30M
33M
36M
36M
36M
39M
42M
42M
45M
45M
48M
48M
48M
54M
60M
60M
60M
60M
66M
72M
72M
75M
78M
84M
84M
90M
90M
90M
96M
96M
105M
108M
120M
120M 120M
etc.
etc.
etc.
60M
60M
120M
etc.
* . 3M - for smaller components to fit the functional module, etc.

** This is an area where CIAP and the National Working Group
(NWG) can interact to determine the optimum for national usage
Figure 2. Examples of specifications for the preferred modular sizes in a building.
Plan of a building
The sizes of C,D,E, and F, are taken from the table, A and B are resultant modular sizes.
Partition
In this example G, H, and I are modular sizes which may

or may not be taken from the table. K is a resultant modular size.
c. Sub-modular increment is an increment of size, the value of which is a selected

fraction of the basic module and is used when there is a need for an increment smaller
than the basic module. By using sub-modular increments it is possible to achieve
modular coordination both for components needing smaller increments that 1 M and
for components with one or more dimensions smaller than 1M.
In order to produce a solution appropriate to a project as a whole, sub-modular
increments may also be used for determining the displacement of different modular
grids. However, sub-modular increments should not be used for determing the
distance between modular reference places of modular space-grid.
The international standardized value of the sub-modular increment is M/2 = 50 mm.
In those cases where a smaller sub-modular increment is needed either M/4 = 25mm
or M/5 = 20mm should be selected.
Following are applications of sub-modular increments:
Sub-modular increments are to be used where there is a need for an increment

smaller than the basic module.
Sub-modular increments should not be used for determining the distance between
modular reference planes of a modular grid; and,
Sub-modular increments may be used for:
! determining the displacement of different modular grids in order to produce a
solution appropriate to the project as a whole;
! determining the coordinating sizes of building products smaller than 1M (for
example certain types of ceramic tile); and
! determining the coordinating sizes of building components and products
larger than 1M which need to be sized in increments smaller than 1M (for
example bricks, tiles, thickness of walls and floors, and the sizing and location
of pipes.)
2. REFERENCE SYSTEM
The reference system is a of points, lines and planes to which the sizes and
positions of building components or assemblies relate. A reference system should
mainly be used during the design stage, and may also form the basis of the system
of lines from which measurements on site are set out.
Grids are tow dimensional projection of three dimensional modular reference
system devised for building design. This system identifies the controlling
dimension for the building. The advantage of using grids is that these provide a
continuous reference system in a project,, provided that the basic module grid is
kept uninterrupted all over the building. The position of components and their
corresponding modular dimensions can, thus, be recognized both by those
preparing drawings, and , as far as they appear in the final drawings, also by those
reading them.
A modular space-grid is a three-dimensional reference system within which a
building and its components are located. Thus, the palnes form free modular
spaces which, according to the design, may be filled out by modular components.
The distance between the planes in such a system is equal to the baisc module
(basic module grid) or to a multimodule (multimodular grid). The reference
planes in the modular space-grid are termed modular planes. An exaple is shown
in Figure 3.
Figure 3. Example of a modular space-grid
Below are the types of grid patterns which are used to locate the positions and
dimensions of building spaces, components and elements in building design.
a. continuous grid - where all dimensions in either direction are based on one
increment only. See Figure 4.
Figure 4. Continuous grids
b. superimposed grids - where the modular grid of 100 mm increment is superimposed on a multi-modular grid. See Figure 5.
Figure 5. Superimposed grids

c. displacement of grid or tartan grids - where there is a homogenous and
repetitive relation between at least two basic increments. Example 1M + 2M
or 3/2 M + 3M.
Figure 6 Displacement grids or tartan grids
d. interrupted grids or neutral zones - where there are non-modular interruptions

of grids, neutral zones are created to cope with the economics of building
design. See Figure 7.
Figure 7. Interrupted grids
The different types of reference method used are:

e. Axial reference. This method is used to coordinate the position of a particular
component by placing the component so that the middle axis coincides with
modular coordinating grid (plane). An example is shown in Figure 8.
Figure 8. Axial reference
f. Boundary reference. This method is used to coordinate the position of the

building components and determines the nominal size of the component by
placing the component within two parallel modular coordinating grids or
planes so that it fills the space of modular zone between the two planes. See
Figure 9.
Figure 9. Boundary reference
g. Flush reference. This method is used to coordinate the positions of the

building component and its relationship to other components by placing one
surface (e.g. upper surface of a floor) of the component flush on to a modular
coordination grid or plane. See Figure 10.
Figure 10. Flush reference
h. Interaxial reference. This method is used to coordinate the position and

dimension of the building component by a combination of axial and boundary
reference. See Figure 11.
Figure 11. Interaxial reference
Part C:
Design Rules and Conventions
1. HORIZONTAL COORDINATION
Planning module for horizontal dimension is 3M (300mm).
horizontal coordination are as follows:
The modular rules for
a. Facade
The internal side of the facade wall component shall be tangential to the first
modular plane of references.
b. Structural Walls (crosswalls)
Option 1. The structural wall component is centered between 2 modular
references planes which is at 300 mm on centers (one horizontal module or 3M)
Option 2. The structural wall component is inserted between 2 non-modular
reference planes
c. Partitions Walls
The partition wall components are placed tangential to the reference grid plane
and are located on one side or on the other side of the reference grid plane, according to
what one wishes to obtain, as a whole modulated system (setting of secondary work
components)
2. VERTICAL COORDINATION
Planning module for vertical dimension is 1M (100mm). Modular floor plane for vertical
dimensions may in principle coincide with upper surface of floor covering, the upper
surface of rough floor plan or the upper surface of structural floor. Vertical modular
dimensions should be taken from the modular floor plane. The illustrations below show
these characteristics.
3. JOINTS
Joints are construction formed by the adjacent parts of two or more products, components
or building elements, when these are put together or fixed with or without the use of a
jointing product. Joint reference plane is the theoretical reference plane from which the
relative positon of the joint profiles of adjacent building components and /or associated
jointing products may be determined.
Figure 20. A joint reference plane coincident with a coordinating or modular plane
a. Geometrical Properties of Joints. A joint design shall include the clear specification
of the position of the joint profiles of the components in relation to the common joint
reference plane, and, the joint clearance based on the specified positions of the joined
components and expressed as:
" Its size in relation to the work sizes of the components, with a view to
standard conventions for dimensional coordination; and
" its maximum and minimum values to accommodate deviations occurring in
the manufacture, setting-out, erection and functioning of the components
b. Method of joint design. The method of joint design shall consider the assembly
volume as a prismatic part linked to the component. The framing system shall also
be considered as volume resulting from the intersection of components sequences.
These are defined within a 5-degree of precision namely:
Location - will define the position of the joint assembly of the component.
This is done in two ways: through a cartesian coordinate system and through
defining the relative position of the joint assembly in relation to the facade of
the panel.
Figure 21. Location of joint
Codification - is based on how the components associated with the assembly

are placed in relation to the cardinal directions of the corners.
Configuration
This becomes the definition of the assembly associated with two or more
elements.
Figure 23. Joint Configuration
Technology will define the mechanical, thermal, and hydro behavior of the
joint in relation to the technology adopted.
Geometry will define the form of the connected and associated joints.
Two vital parts of the building which will need a more comprehensive view
are when the volume of space becomes critical to the component and when
joints are to be detailed.
When components which have anthropometric considerations are to be
modularly coordinated, these can be set in a modular cage. Thereafter, the
modular cage is placed in the coordinated area. An example of this is the
vertical movement system such as a stair system.
Figure 24. A modular cage

In the establishment of the system of jointing, three states or conditions of the
joints have to be set:
4. TOLERANCES
Tolerance is the permitted variation of size. Sizes may quantify dimensions such as
length breadth, width, height, depth, diameter or may also quantify a dimension that
delineates form, such as straightness, flatness or skewness, position or orientation
(angularity).
a. Sources of Dimensional Variability. These are:
induced deviations - are any process of measurement, alignment or

positioning that is subject to some degree of variability due to human error
and the limitations of measuring instruments. These are grouped as follows:
" manufacturing deviations: deviations of size and form arising in the
manufacture of components;
" setting out deviations: deviations of size and position arising in the
measuring and marking of dimensions on site; and
" erection deviations: deviations of position and orientation arising in
the positioning of components in relation to setting-out marks, and in
their horizontal and vertical alignment.
" inherent deviations are the dimensional changes due to physical or
chemical causes exhibited virtually by all materials. These include
reversible and permanent changes due to variations in temperature,
moisture content and stresses, chemical reactions, settlement of
foundations, etc.
b. Consequences of Dimension Variability. Dimensional and positional deviations must

be allowed for in the design of buildings, building components and their joints, in
respect of their effects on the following aspects:
performance of the building - variations in the sizes and shapes of spaces or

openings and in the smoothness, flatness, horizontality and verticality of
surfaces, including the variations in joint width, may affect directly the
performance of the completed building.
assembly of components and performance of joints - the variations nin joint
width due to induced and inherent deviations must be reflected in the
evaluation of suitable works sizes for components, and in the choice of
jointing techniques with suitable width capabilities.
structural stability - dimensional and positional deviations may produce
eccentricities of loading and reduced areas for load bearing, inherent
deviations may, of themselves, induce stresses.
appearance - deviations of size, form and orientation of components and
spaces and variations in joint width may need to be controlled or concealed
for the sake of appearance.
legal sizes - deviations may affect dimensions for which maximum or
minimum sizes are laid down in regulations or legislation.
c. Choice of Tolerance Values. Tolerance define the limits of induced deviations for
which allowance has been made I design, and within which actual sizes are
acceptable. Thus, they should be specified only for those dimensions or positions
which are critical with respect to one or more of the consequences of variability. The
choice of values for tolerances reflects the economic balance between the cost of
improving accuracy and the cost of accommodating deviations in the design. It is
likely that the consideration of assembly and joint performance will be the most
critical for assessing this balance, when there may be a choice between fine
tolerances with simple joints and coarse tolerances.
5. LOCATION AND DIMENSIONING
For the purposes of design, each building component and assembly is assumed to be
located in a space within the reference system defined by reference planes or lines, i.e.,
its allotted modular space. This space includes the space required for joints and
permitted dimensional deviations (see Figure 26). Thus, in modular planning, the
modular plane or grid line defining the location of a component does so by boundary
reference (see Figure 27). In some cases it may be practical, however, to define the
location of , for example the centre line of a component in relation to the modular grid
(see Figure 28). The latter can , however, be considered as a special case of boundary
reference.
In the case of asymmetric elements (for endwalls), the modular plane may not
coincide with the center plane.
In practice, work sizes of components and assemblies are derived from modular sizes.
Allowances have to be made in particular for manufacturing, site setting-oout and
erection deviations. In modular coordination, free spaces (rooms, openings in walls and
floors, etc.) should be larger than their modular dimensions, while components which are
intended to fit into such spaces shall be smaller than the modular dimensions.
6. COORDINATION OF NON-MODULAR SIZES

It will not always be possible or economical to use modular coordination totally , and the
use of non-modular sizes will sometimes have to be envisaged. In particular, the
thickness of many building components and assemblies may still have to be non-modular.
Such thicknesses are strongly determined by economic and functional considerations. In
some cases, such sizes could be coordinated by the use of simple fraction of the basic
module.
7. MODULAR COORDINATION JFOR DIFFERENTLY SIZED PARTS, NONRECTANGULAR PARTS & ROUND STRUCTURES
Modular coordination system is also feasible in combining differently sized parts, nonrectangular parts and round structures. Discussed below are the principles and
methodology being applied in the design of the aforementioned structures:
a. Theory of Combinations of Differently-Sized Parts
When subdividing coordination measurements (e.g., 3M, distances between supports in
framework construction) into smaller measurements for cladding panels, combination
laws can be useful when used in conjunction with simple addition and division laws.
If part measurements have a common divisor or Kn e.g., 3M, then any coordination
measurements that are multiples of this divisor can be achieved. However, Kn should be
the highest common divisor. The same applies to parts with 1M intervals, referred to as
relatively prime. The smallest possible measurement is calculated with the so-called
critical number or KritZ.
Example: Two construction part measurements a and b, where
a = 18M and b = 24M
thus, Kn = 6 (highest common divisor)

to compute for KritZ:
KritZ = Kn (a/Kn - 1) (b/Kn - 1)
therefore: coordinate achievable with the highest common divisor is from 36M onwards,
closed sequence at 6M intervals (see figure 29 the illustration of the example)
b. Coordination of Non-Rectangular Parts

Mathematical procedures which exist to arrange the coordination of non-rectangular parts
are:
* pythagorean triangles - allows certain groups of numbers a, b and c to be used for the
ground plan and front elevation of non-rectangular arrangements using pythagorean
triangles whose integers result in right-angled triangles. The pythagorean triplet is: a=3,
b=4, c=5. This fulfills equation a2+b2 -c2 and gives 32 + 42 = 52.
The following applies as the general solution for the pythagorean equation:
a = m ( y2 - x2)
b = m (2xy)
c = m (y2 + x2)
Where any whole number can be used for x and y, although x must always be smaller
than y. The factor m only results in the enlargement or reduction of the right angled
triangle, i.e. m can be any number.
Table 2
Relationship between number in pythagorean equations (selection)
factorization - This mathematical procedure allows proportions to be determined

approximately using the square roots of whole numbers. For 2 this means a rotation
of 45. Approximate values of 2 can be easily represented by using proportions of
whole numbers e.g. by the series.
7
10
14
20
28
40
5, 7, 10, 14 etc--,
--,
--,
---,
5
7
10
14
20
frame works are constructed using this procedure.
--etc. Most three dimensional

28
Figure 32. Proportional numbers as approximate values of 2 (Snail)

To calculate differentiated series approximately from infinite numbers, continued
fractions are used. The general formula for continued fractions of square roots of whole
numbers is as follows:
G = n = 1 + n - 1
1+G
For the unknown G in the denominator, the whole equation is used.
approximation seems adequate, the calculation can be broken of as desired.
The resulting series is:
1
--,
3
--,
7
--,
17
--,
When the
41
--, etc. e.g. for 2 = n=2
c. Round Structures (Progressions)

Round structures may also be designed using modular coordination, that is to say
structures whose exterior facades constitute a progression with a certain number of
corners. Progression sections cannot be constructed with randomly chosen numbers of
corners.
Using a pair of compasses and a ruler, construction is possible only for equilateral
triangles, squares and pentagons.
Equilateral triangles are constructed using a hexagon. The sides of hexagon, or chord
of the hexagon, is equal to the radius, i.e., the side of the hexagon must be doubled in
order to make an equilateral triangle. Having the side results in a dodecagon, etc.
Construction of equilateral triangle and hexagon within a circle:

" Arc of a circle with AM on the circle produces one side of the hexagon at B
" ABCDEFA makes a hexagon
" ACEA gives an equivalent triangle
Figure 33. Construction of Equilateral triangle and hexagon within a circle

" Thus, sides of hexagon ABCDEFA were formed by points on equilateral
triangle ACEA and are of the circle BMF (see figure 33)
" Constant halving will, therefore, produce the following sides:
3 (equilateral triangle), 6 (hexagon), 12, 24, 48, 96, . Sides
The square in the circle is constructed using the vertical and the diameter.
Construction
"
"
"
"
Draw AMC within the circle

Construct horizontal BMD
ABCD makes a square
Constant halving will, therefor, produce the following sides:
4 (square), 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, . Sides
Figure 34, construction of a square within a circle
The pentagon, producing the so-called golden section, was not regarded as an
harmonic proportion I earlier times. Only since the late middle ages has it been used
as a geometrical figure in the development of proportions,, first in painting by
Abrecht Durer, then in modern architecture by Le Corbusier (Modulor)
Construction of a pentagon in a circle is as follows:
" having the radius MF produces G (Figure 35)
" arc of the circle around G with AG on the diameter MF produces H (Figure 36)
Figure 36
" arc of the circle around A with AH on the circle produces B
" AB is one side of a pentagon
" ABCDEA is a pentagon
" diagonals AD and CE intersect each other as golden sections
" constant halving will produce: 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, sides
Figure 37. Construction of a pentagon in a circle
by superimposing regular constructions, further combinations of progressions can be

produced that, when halved, make further series of progressions possible. It is
equally possible to superimpose irregular constructions or constructions with broken
numbers.
Example: Superimposition of an equilateral triangle and a pentagon

2
AC = --- of the circumference of the circle
5
1
AB = --- of the circumference of the circle
3
i.e. BC = AC - AB and thus
2-1
- 5 3
=
=
6-5
1
----- = ---- th of the
15
15
circumference of the circle

Constant halving for possible construction would, therefore, produce the following: 15,
30, 60, 120, 480, sides, values for modular co-ordination. In similar fashion, it is
possible to construct heptagons and nonagons.
Figure 38. Superimposition of an equilateral triangle and a pentagon
To plan progression in circles modularly, the following information is also required:

The chord of a progression in a circle is calculated as follows:
Figure 39. Progressions in circle

s = nxM or nxmxM in modular co-ordination give:
nxM
nxmxM
r = ------- or r = --------2xsin B
2xsinB
nxM
h = ------- cotB or h =
2
nxmxM
--------- cot B
2
It is obvious that only with the hexagon and its multiples can radius and chord length be
modular, i.e. only with these sets of figures do facade and radially running partitioning
elements become directly modular.
The radii of all other progression constructions with modular chords are not modular.
A balance can be achieved by having a non-modular core.
This makes even more sense in a design if the non-modular core contains a stairwell
elevator staff, and other major installations, while prefabricated, light, modular
partitioning and facade elements are installed n the outer area.
Figure 40. Hexagon with modular chords and radii.
Figure 41. Octagon with modular chords, non-modular and modular

part of the radius.
8. CONTROLLING DIMENSIONS/SIZES (per ISO Guidelines)

A preferred size is a modular or multi-modular size which is selected in advance of
others. The selection should be made for specific purposes. Preferred multimodular
sizes are primarily intended for sizing components, assemblies and spaces. If the
advantage of variety reducton is to accrue I ranges of component as a result of modular
coordination, then a careful consideration on the numerical basis upon which series of
preferred sizes are founded becomes necessary.
Controlling dimension, on the other hand, is a dimension of a coordinating space, which
defines the relative positions of two or more components in an assembly, according to the
characteristics (such as preferred sizes) of the components which are relevant to the
assembly.
Controlling dimension and/or sizes for various components and assemblies as well as for
various building dimensions are as follows:
a. Storey Heights and Room Heights
The modular storey height and the modular room height shall be chosen from the
following modular sizes:
up to 36
from 36M to 48M
above 48M
1M increment step
3M increment step
6M increment step
The modular storey height combined with the modular floor height determines the
modular room height when the modular floor plane coincides with the upper surface of
floor covering (see Figure 42a). As the modular floor heights (according to the type of
building system, construction, span, etc.) may have any modular value from 2M and
upwards, the standard series for modular storey heights given above correspond to an
increased series of modular room heights with 1M increments.
In figure 42a, 42b, 42c and 42d illustrate the situation at different positions of the
modular floor plane.
b. Stairs and Stair Openings
The following is the general principle for coordinating dimensions of stairs and stair
openings in building construction
Horizontal coordinating dimensions
The horizontal distances between coordinating planes shall be multiples of 3M (n x 3M)
as a first preference and multiples of 1M (n x 1M) as a second preference (see Figure 43).
Coordinating planes (modular cage) define the boundary of the stair opening. Enclosing
walls and floor heads shall not trespass the boundary defined by the coordinating planes.
Figure 42. Situation at different positions of the modular plane.
Vertical coordinating dimensions
The vertical distances between coordinating planes shall be multiples of 1M.

coordinating planes for location of floors shall be related to finished floor levels.
The
Application
The following figures/examples illustrate the application of the principles of modular

coordination. (see Figure 45)
c. Coordinating Sizes for Doorsets - External and Internal

Shown in Table 3 are the coordinating sizes for doorsets:
External Doorsets
Width
Height
9M
21M
10M
24M
12M
27M
15M
30M
18M
21M
24M
Internal Doorsets
Width
Height
7M
21M
8M
24M
9M
27M
10M
30M
12M
15M
18M
21M
Table 3 Coordinating sizes for doorsets
d. Kitchen Equipment Coordinating Sizes

Coordinating sizes of kitchen equipment shall be as follows (also refer to figure 46 for
the illustration):
Heights
A - Work-top level
9M or 8.5 M
B - Plinth
- for work-top level 9 M:
- for work-top level 8.5 M:
1.5 M
1M
C - Clear height from floor to underside

of wall units:
13 M minimum + n x M
D - Height of tall units and tops of wall units:

Preferred height:
19 M minimum + n x M
21 M
Depths
E - Work Tops, floor units and tall units:
6M
F - Wall units:
3 M or 3.5 M
Widths
Widths of all components shall be multiples of M while components of different sizes

can be combined. Preferred widths for the following are:
L - Recess of the plinth in relation to
the front edge of the work-top
50 mm. Minimum
M - Height of service zone:
100 mm. Minimum
N - Depth of service zone:
100 mm
Appliances:
Cabinet:
Sink Units:
6M
3 M, 4M, 5M, 6M, 8,
6M, 8M, 9M, 12M, 15M, 18M,
Special dimensions
K - thickness of work-top and apron
height of sink-preferred size:
30 M
Figure 46. Kitchen equipment coordinating sizes
e. Kitchen Equipment - Sizes of Openings for Built-in Appliances

A built in appliance is an appliance which is inserted in the vertical plance, into cupboard
(floor unit or tall unit refer to figure 47 for the illustration) while a drop-in appliance is an
appliance is an appliance which is inserted in the horizontal plane, into a cupboard or a
Sizes for openings of :
built-in appliances
The height of the opening shall be based upon the modular grid n x M with the actual
height of the opening (free space) being: (nx100) 0-20 mm, where n is always an integer.
Preferred height of the opening are as followings:
for 6 M:
600 0-20 mm
for 9 M:
900 0-20 mm
for 12 M:
1200 0-20 mm
for 15 M:
1500 0-20 mm
The depth of the opening shall be : 600 0-40mm while the width of the opening shall be
600 0-40mm. (Refer to Figure 49 for the illustration)
Figure 49. Coordinating dimensions of opening for built-in appliances
(example)
drop-in cooking tables

For drop-in cooking tables, the following standards shall be used:
The depth of the opening shall be:
2
150 +
0 mm
The width of the opening shall be:
4
500
+
0 mm
The length of the opening shall be based upon the modular grid n x M, with the actual
length of the opening being:
4
[(n x 100) - 40] +
0 mm
Preferred length:
4
560
+
0 mm
9. LIST OF PREFERRED DIMENSIONS/SIZING OF

BUILDING MATERIALS/COMPONENTS
a. Generic Product Information
Presented in this portion are technical information of locally available
construction materials conforming to modular coordination, arranged similar
to Sweets Catalog Files. The data was culled from the Philippine National
Standards (PNS) and each material features the standard dimensions,
dimensional tolerances, physical and mechanical properties and other related
information. Listed on the bottom part of each data sheet are the names of the
manufacturers with PS Quality Mark Licenses.
To provide uniformity of all information in the construction industry, the section
headings and numbering system of the Construction Specifications Institutes
MASTERFORMAT was used as pattern in this portion, as follows:
4 MASONRY
04200
Unit Masonry
Concrete Hollow Block .. 04200/CHB
04400
Stone
Marble Tiles and Slabs 04400/MTS
04550
Refractories
Basic Refractory Bricks .04550/BRB
Common Bricks 04550/CBR
5 METALS
05010
Metal Materials and Methods

Cold-Rolled Carbon Steel Sheets and Strips 05010/CRC
6 WOOD AND PLASTICS

06100
Rough Carpentry
Lumber (Sawn Timber) 06100/LST
7 THERMAL AND MOISTURE PROTECTION

07200
Insulation
Mineral Fiber Insulation 07200/MFI
07300
Shingles and Roofing Tiles

Clay Roof Tiles and Fittings . 07300/ACS
Asbestos Cement Sheets
(Corrugation for Roofing & Cladding) . 07300/ACS
Asbestos Cement Sheets (Asymmetrical) . 07300/ACA
07600
Flashing and Sheet Metal

Galvanized Iron Sheets . 07600/GIS
8 DOORS AND WINDOWS
08350
Door Opening Assemblies

Coordinating Sizes for Doorsets
08250/CSD
08600
Wood and Plastic Windows

Wood Jalousie Windows . 08600/WJW
08650
Special Windows
Structural Windows Openings 08650/SWO
9 FINISHES
09300
Tile
Ceramic Tiles and Fittings .. 09300/CTF
Non-Reinforced Concrete Floor Tiles 09300/NRC
10 SPECIALTIES
10600
Partitions
Hard and Medium Density Board 10600/HMB
Plywood/Veneer .. 10600/PWD
Wood Wool Cement Board 10600/WCB
10800
Toilet and Bath Accessories

Vitreous China Sanitary Wares 10800/VCS
PRODUCT CATEGORY
: Concrete Hollow Blocks
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE : Type I - Load Bearing
BPS DESIGNATION
: PNS 16: 1984
DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES
04200/CHB
The dimensions of concrete hollow blocks

and half concrete hollow blocks are
prescribed in Table 1. The typical sections
of an end of hollow block are shown in
Figure 1.
The tolerances for length, width and height
is 3mm.
Table 1: Actual Dimension of Concrete
Hollow Blocks, mm
Figure 1: Typical Sections of an End of

Concrete Hollow Blocks
A concrete hollow block (CHB) is a precast hollow building unit with cells
composed of portland cement and suitable
aggregate with or without the inclusion of
other materials.
For blocks with special faces, the following

categories may be supplied when agreed
upon by the purchaser and the supplier:
Blocks having profiled faces;
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Blocks having special facing backed
with concrete as an integral part of
Concrete hollow blocks should conform to
manufacture; and
the physical properties prescribed in Table Blocks having a special face applied to
2.
the block subsequent to moulding.
Table 2: Physical Properties
To determine the PS Quality Mark on load
bearing CHB, the block should bear a
groove line mark for Class B and two
groove lines for Class A as shown in
Figure 1. The groove line should be at
least 3 mm in depth and width running
parallel along the entire length of side of
the face.
OTHER INFORMATION:
Licensed Manufacturer
Brand Name/Type
PRODUCT CATEGORY
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE
BPS DESIGNATION
DIMENSIONS
:
:
Rockbuilt Manufacturing, Inc.

ROCKBUILT, Type 1
: Marble Tiles and Slabs

04400/MTS
: Classified according to color and soundness
: PNS 169: 1987
CLASSIFICATION
Table 1 - Dimensions of Tiles and Slabs,

Mm
1. According to Color (Basic)
2. According to Soundness
TOLERANCES
Table 2 - Gauged Fabrication
Tolerances, mm
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
The marble tiles and slabs should be

free from foreign inclusions and
prominent cracks.
The edges of the tiles and slabs should
be smooth.
The marble tiles should be supplied in
either of the following finishes.
(Polished, Honed, Sand-Blasted, Abrasive)
OTHER INFORMATION:
Group A - sound marbles and stones

with uniform and favorable working
qualities.
Group B - marbles and stones similar in
character to the preceding group, but
working qualities are somewhat less
favorable, with occasional natural faults
and limited amount of waxing and
sticking necessary.
Group C - marbles and stones are of
uncertain variations in working
qualities, geological flaws, voids, veins
and lines of separation are common;
standard shop practice to repair natural
variation by sticking, waxing and
filling, liners and other forms of
reinforcement freely employed when
necessary.
Group D - marbles and stones similar to
the preceding group, but containing a
larger proportion of natural faults; and a
maximum variation in working
qualities, requiring more of the same
methods of finishing.
This group
comprises many of the highly colored
marbles priced for their decorative
qualities.
Brand Name/Type
:
:
none
none
PRODUCT CATEGORY
: Basic Refractory Bricks
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE : Burned and Unburned
BPS DESIGNATION
: PNS 169: 1987
DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCE
04550/BRB
Table 1: Dimensional Tolerance for

Basic Refractory Bricks
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
The major constituents of basic

refractories are line, magnesia, or both
and which may react chemically with
acid refractories, acid slags, or acid
fluxes at high temperatures and
manufactured, burned or unburned.
All basic refractory bricks should have
the right shape and appearance, and
should also be free from flaws or cracks
which can cause injury to user.
The shapes and dimensions of basic
refractory bricks should conform to the
standard shapes and dimensions for
kilns, furnaces and other refractory
using equipment.
Figure 1. Typical Shapes of

Basic Refractory Bricks
The shapes and dimensions of the

metal-encased basic refractory bricks
should include the metal encasement
and as such should be included when
measured.
The dimensional tolerances of basic
refractory bricks should conform to the
requirements prescribed in Table 1.
PACKAGING
Refractory bricks, as a rule, should be
plastic-wrapped, strapped and palletized
until the time of its use.
OTHER INFORMATION:
Brand Name/Type
:
:
Refractories Corporation of the Philippines

RCP BASIC REFRACTORIES
MG98, STR
PRODUCT CATEGORY
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE
BPS DESIGNATION
: Common Bricks
04550/CRB
: Type 1 - Load-Bearing; Type 2 - Non-Load Bearing
: PNS 207: 1988
CLASSIFICATION
PROPERTIES
Bricks are classified as follows:
Type 1 - Load-bearing bricks having a

compressive strength of not less than
80kg/cm2 (Class A, B, and C)
Type 2 - Non-Load bearing bricks having a
compressive strength below 80kg/cm2.
DIMENSION
Unless otherwise specified by the buyer,

size of the brick should be 200 x 100 x 50
mm. The maximum permissible variation
in dimensions of individual units should
not exceed the values given in Table 1.
Common bricks should be made mainly

from clay or shale with or without
additives and fired to a dense mass.
Bricks should have faces regular in
form, opposite faces parallel, all
adjacent sides perpendicular, and
binding surfaces sufficiently rough to
afford a good bond.
Bricks should be free from cracks and
other defects that will interfere with the
proper placing of the unit or impair the
strength of the construction.
Unless otherwise specified,
bricks
should be either solid or cored.
Table 1. Maximum Permissible Variation in Dimensions of Bricks

Type 1
Properties
Class A Class B
Class
C
Compressive Strength,
200
140
80
Kg/cm2 (Mpa), min.
(19.6)
(13.7)
(7.8)
Type 2
40
(3.9)
Water of Absorption, % max. 3 h boiling
17.0
22.0
25.0
27.0
Size Deviation, mm, max.

Length
Width
Height
6
3
2
6
3
2
6
3
2
6
3
2
4
4
4
20
4
4
4
20
Difference in Height bet. 2 side faces, mm,

max
Wedging, mm, max.
Chipping, mm, max.
Smooth face, min.
OTHER INFORMATION:
Brand Name/Type
:
:
None
None
4
4
4
4
4
4
20
20
one side and one end
PRODUCT CATEGORY
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE
BPS DESIGNATION
: Cold-Rolled Carbon Steel Sheets and Strips 05010/CRC

: 1-General Use; 2-Deep Drawing; 3-Extra-Deep Drawing
: PNS 127: 1988
DIMENSIONS
TOLERANCE
The standard thickness of cold-rolled steel The tolerance on thickness, width and
sheets and strip 500 mm or more in width length are shown in Tables 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
is shown in Table 1
and 8 respectively depending on the
following classifications:
Table 1 Standard Thickness, mm
Dimensional
Tolerance
Classificatio Table No.
n
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
A
2
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
Thickness
B
3
1.00
1.20
1.40
1.60
1.80
2.00
2.30
2.50
2.80
3.20
A
4
Width
B
5
C
6
Length
A
7
B
8
Table 2 Tolerance A on Thickness, mm
Division by Nominal
Division by Nominal Width
Thickness
630 to 1000 1000 to 1250
1250 to 1600
excel.
excl.
excl.
Under 0.25
0.03
0.03
0.25 to 0.40 excl.
0.04
0.04
0.40 to 0.60 excl.
0.06
0.05
0.05
0.60 to 0.80 excl.
0.07
0.06
0.06
0.80 to 1.00 excl.
0.09
0.07
0.08
1.00 to 1.20 excl.
0.10
0.08
0.09
1.20 to 1.60 excl.
0.12
0.10
0.11
1.50 to 2.00 excl.
0.14
0.11
0.12
2.00 to 2.50 excl.
0.16
0.13
0.14
2.50 to 3.20 excl.
0.18
0.15
0.16
3.20 and over
0.20
0.17
0.19
OTHER INFORMATION:
National Steel Corporation
1600 and
over
0.08
0.10
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
0.20
-
PRODUCT CATEGORY
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE
BPS DESIGNATION
: Cold-Rolled Carbon Steel Sheets and Strips 05010/CRC

: PNS 127: 1988
Table 3 Tolerance B on Thickness, mm

Division by Nominal
Thickness

Under
160
0.010
0.015
0.020
0.025
0.035
0.040
0.040
0.050
0.050
0.060
0.070
0.080
0.090
Under 0.10
0.10 to 0.16 excl.
0.16 to 0.25 excl.
0.25 to 0.40 excl.
0.40 to 0.60 excl.
0.60 to 0.80 excl.
0.80 to 1.00 excl.
1.00 to 1.20 excl.
1.20 to 1.60 excl.
2.00 to 2.50 excl.
2.50 to 3.20 excl.
3.20 and over
Table 4 Tolerance A on Width, mm

Under 1250
+7
0
1250 and over
160 to 250
excl.
0.020
0.020
0.025
0.030
0.040
0.045
0.050
0.050
0.060
0.070
0.080
0.090
0.100
250 to 400
excl.
0.030
0.035
0.040
0.045
0.050
0.050
0.060
0.060
0.080
0.090
0.100
Table 5 Tolerance B on Width, mm

Under 1250 1250 and over
+ 10
0
+3
0
NOTE : For the stretcher-leveler

Finished steel sheet, the plus
Side tolerance does not apply.
OTHER INFORMATION:
400 to 630
excl.
0.030
0.035
0.040
0.045
0.050
0.060
0.060
0.080
0.090
0.100
0.110
: National Steel Corporation
+4
0
PRODUCT CATEGORY
05010/CRC
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE
BPS DESIGNATION
: Cold-Rolled Carbon Steel Sheets and Strips

: PNS 127: 1988
Table 6 - Tolerance C on Thickness, mm

Division by Nominal
Thickness
Under 0.60
0.60 to 1.00 excl.
1.00 to 1.60 excl.
1.60 to 2.50 excl.
2.50 to 4.00 excl.
4.00 to 5.00 excl.
Under
160
0.15
0.20
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.40
Table 7 Tolerance A on Length, mm

Division by
Tolerance
Nominal Length
Under 2000
+ 10
0
2000 to 4000 excl.
+ 15
0
4000 to 6000 excl.
+ 20
0

160 to 250
250 to 400
excl.
excl.
0.20
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.30
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.55
Division by
Nominal Length
Under 1000
1000 to 2000 excl.
2000 to 3000 excl.
3000 to 4000 excl.
NOTE: For the stretcher-leveler

finished steel sheet, the plus
side tolerance does not apply
400 to 630
excl.
0.30
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.50
0.65
Tolerance
+3
0
+4
0
+6
0
+8
0
PRODUCT CATEGORY
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE
BPS DESIGNATION
DIMENSIONS
Thickness
Mm
10
15
20
25
30
37
42
47
52
57
65
80
100
125
150
200
Length,*
m
25
X
X
X
X
50
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
75
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
1.20
5.40
: Lumber (Sawn Timber)

: Air Dried and Kiln Dried
: PNS 173: 1988
Table 1: Nominal Dimensions of Sawn Timber

WIDTH, mm
100 125 150 175 200
250
300
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
1.80
2.40
3.00
6.00
6.60
7.20
Length applies to all cross-sections

TOLERANCES
Table 2: Tolerance on Thickness/Widths
of Air-Dried and Kiln-Dried Sawn Timber
THICKNESS, mm WIDTH, mm
10
- 0.6
25
- 2.3
15
- 0.9
50
- 4.5
20
- 1.2
75
- 6.8
25
- 1.5
100
- 9.0
30
- 1.8
125
- 11.3
37
- 2.2
150
- 13.5
42
- 2.5
175
- 15.8
47
- 2.8
200
- 18.0
52
- 3.1
250
- 22.5
57
- 3.4
300
- 27.0
65
- 3.9
350
- 31.5
80
- 4.8
400
- 36.0
100
- 6.0
450
- 40.5
125
- 7.5
500
- 45.0
200
- 12.0
OTHER INFORMATION:
Licensed Manufacturer: Matimco, Inc.
06100/LST
350
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
3.60
7.80
400
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
450
500
550
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
4.20
8.40
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
4.80
9.00
PRODUCT CATEGORY
: Mineral Fiber Insulation
07200/MFI
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE : Blanket, Felt Performed Pipe
BPS DESIGNATION
: PNS 205: 1989
DENSITY, STANDARD FORMS,
PHYSICAL REQUIREMENTS
1. Temperature Application
Table 1: Density , Standard Forms,
Dimensions and Tolerance
*Products iin loose unbonded form (white
fiberglass wool) is suitable for use in the
temperature range -80C to 540C.
* Products bonded with organic binders in
various proportions is suitable for use in
the temperature range - 80C to 450C.
* Products pre-molded for specific usage
(such as pipe insulation) is suitable for use
in the temperature range - 80C to 450C.
2. Surface Treatment
* Glass fiber insulation materials of various

types may be available with factory-bonded
surface
treatments
(facings)
for
applications.
from specified density
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Fiberglass
Insulation
is
composed
principally of fibers manufactured from
borosilicate glass processed from the
molten state by a rotary process, with or
without organic binder.
3. Index of Early Fire Hazards

* Ignitability
-0
* Spread of Flame - 0
* Heat Evolved
- 0
* Smoke Developed - 0
The fiberglass insulation in blanket, batt,

board or performed forms are used in
building
construction,
manufacturing
industry, industrial plant and equipment,
architectural applications, and geothermal
projects.
OTHER INFORMATIOIN:
Brand Name
:
:
ACI Fiberglass, A Division of ACI Philippines, Inc.

ACI FIBERGLASS
PRODUCT CATEGORY
: Clay Roof Tiles and Fittiings
07300/CRT
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE : Glazed and Unglazed
BPS DESIGNATION
: PNS 184: 1988
DIMENSION
PHYSICAL REQUIREMENTS
Table 1: Size of Clay Roof Tiles
Each S, Marseilles, Cupola type should
have one nail of diameter six to eight mm.
The distance of each hole should be 22 2
mm of both S and Marseilles type.
BREAKING STRENGTH OF THE TILE
Table 2: Transverse Breaking Strength
Requirements
The warepage of the tile should not exceed

six (6) mm for both Marseilles and S types.
When tested in accordance with
permeability test, no drop of water should
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
fall form the underside of the tile.
Likewise, when tested in accordance with
The tiles should be either hand-made or water absorption test, the average water
machine-made, manufactured from well- absorption should not exceed 12%.
weathered or prepared clay, well-burnt and
free from fire cracks and excrescences and MARKING
depressions not forming part of the patterns
of the tiles; surface crazing for glazed tile Each type of clay roof tile should be mark
should not be regarded as a defect.
on the back of the tile with the name,
trademark of the manufacturer.
For
The maximum out-of-square measurement different types of Clay Roof Tiles and
of ends should not exceed six (6) mm for Fittings see Figures 1-27.
Marsielles type.
OTHER INFORMATIOIN:
Brand Name
:
:
none
none
PRODUCT CATEGORY: Asbestos Cement Sheets (for Roofing & Cladding)07200/MFI

CLASSIFICATION/TYPE : Shallow/Medium/Deep Corrugation
BPS DESIGNATION
: ISO 393/1: 1983
DIMENSION
GENERAL APPEARANCE AND FINISH
(see Figure 1)
Sheet are components, the cross section of
Table 1: Preferential Dimension
which consists of regular corrugations
For the profile
defined by their pitch a and their height h,
where the inner radius R1, and the outer
radius, R2 do not differ by more than 20%.
The surface intended to be exposed to the
weather shall be of smooth finish.
Variations of the surface appearance which
do not impair the specified characteristics
of the sheets are permitted.
The width is defined by:

the pitch of the corrugation a;
the number of complete corrugations;
the dimension of longitudinal
overlapping corrugations.
Edges should be straight, clean and square.
Sheets may have one or two mitred corners
TOLERANCE
and may be drilled for fixing.
Table 2: Tolerance on the Dimensions, mm
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
The tolerance specified above apply to
nominal dimensions.
The corrugated sheets consist essentially
of an inorganic hydraulic binder, (ground
MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS
silica may be added in order to obtain a
Table 3: Breaking Load for 1m width a
calcium-silicate reaction) reinforced with
asbestos fibres may be added.
The sheets may be left in their natural color
or coloring matter may be added in
composition; they may also received
colored or uncolored coatings on their
surfaces.
OTHER INFORMATION: Licensed Manufacturer
:
Brand Name/s
1. Eterton Multi-Resources Corp.
:
ETERNIT
2. Grandspan Development Corp.
:
SPANO FUERTE/SPANO ALTO
PRODUCT CATEGORY: Asbestos Cement Sheets, (for Roofing &

Cladding)07300/ACA
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE : Asymmetrical Section
BPS DESIGNATION
: ISO 393/3: 1984
CLASSIFICATION
GENERAL APPEARANCE AND FINISH
A. According to height of the corrugation, h The sheets are straight components with at
Table 1: Categories of Sheet
least two pitches, the cross-section of
which consists of:
B. According to minimum bending breaking

load, with the smooth face in contact with
the loading beam (class) for 1m width..
Table 2: Types of Sheet
identical
curved
longitudinal
corrugations where the inner radius
(R1) and outer radius (R2) differ by
more than 20% of R1 (see figures 1
and 2);
identical
curved
longitudinal
corrugations joined by flats, where
the corrugations are in the valley (see
figure 3) or at the crown (see figure 4)
identical longitudinal flat corrugations
joined
by
flats,
where
the
corrugations are n the valley (see
figure 5) or the crown (see figure 6).
DIMENSION AND TOLERANCE

Table 3: Min. Thickness & Tolerance
OTHER INFORMATIOIN:
Brand Name
:
:
Eterton Multi-Resources Corp.

Placa Romana (Asymmetrical)5.0 mm
PRODUCT CATEGORY
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE
BPS DESIGNATION
DIMENSIONS
: Galvanized Iron Sheets

07600/GIS
: Depends on Zinc Coating Designation
: PNS 67 : 1986
TOLERANCES
Table 3: Tolerance on Width and Length
The dimensions of sheets prior to
corrugation should conform to the standard
dimensions specified in Table 1 and 2. The
standard shapes of dimension of corrugation
should be in accordance with Figure 1. The
width before or after corrugation, other than
those given in Figure 1 is subject to the
NOTE: The actual length of coils must
agreement
the purchaser and the
not be less than the nominal length
manufacturer.
The thickness tolerances apply to the
Table 1 : Standard Width and Length
nominal thickness of the base metal plus
Of Flat Sheets and Coils
the equivalent thickness of coating as
shown in Table 4. Table 5. Specifies
coating thickness equivalence.
Table 4: Thickness Tolerance,mm
Table 2: Standard Nominal Thickness

Of Sheets and Coils, mm
Table 5: Equivalent Thickness in Zinc

Coating
NOTE: The nominal thickness of sheets and

coils is the thickness of the base metal in
millimetre measured prior to galvanizing
NOTE: The equivalent thickness of zinc

coating is computed from the zinc density
of 7.100 g/cm2
OTHER INFORMATION:
PRODUCT CATEGORY
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE
BPS DESIGNATION
: Galvanized Iron Sheets

: Depends on Zinc Coating Designation
: PNS 67 : 1986
07600/GIS
OTHER INFORMATION:
LICENSED MANUFACTURERS
A. G.I. SHEETS
1. Bacnotan Consolidated Ind., Inc.
2. Bais Steel Corporation
3. Group Steel Corp.
4. Jacinto Iron & Steel Corp.
5. Luvismin Industries, Inc.
6. Mindanao Steel Corp.
7. Phil. Steel Coating Corp.
8. Puyat Steel
9. Rizal Integrated Steel Mill Corp.
10. Southern Industries Projects
11. Sugarsteel Industries, Inc
12. St. Christopher Steel Corp.
13. Tower Steel Corp.
UNION
BAIS
TRI-STAR
JACINTO
TAMARAW
JACINTO
GAVABOND
APO/NICPROOF DRAGON
MAYON
SOUTHERN STAR
ACE
RIZAL
TOWER
B. G.I. SHEETS, PRE-COATED

1. Metal Forming Corp.
2. Mindanao Steel Corp.
3. Philippine Steel Coating Corp.
COLOROOF/COLORGRIP
COLORSTEEL
COLOR BOND/GALVACOLOR
BRAND NAMES
PRODUCT CATEGORY
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE
BPS DESIGNATION
DIMENSIONS
: Coordinating Sizes for Doorsets

08250/CSD
: For Residential and Commercial Building
: PNS 249 : 1989
The coordinating sizes of doorsets for

residential and commercial buildings are
shown in Table 1.
Table 1: Coordinating Sizes for Doorsets
Doorset for external doors (i.e., exit doors)

should have a minimum width of 900 and
shall not exceed 1200 per leaf.
Figure 1: Standard for Doors Sets

OTHER INFORMATION:
Brand Names/Types
:
:
Baliwag Mahogany Corporation

BALMAC PHILS.
MAHOGANY SOLID
TIMBER DOORS
PRODUCT CATEGORY
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE
BPS DESIGNATION
DIMENSION
: Wood Jalousie Window

08600/WJW
: For Low-Cost Housing Application
: PNS / CTP 05: 1988
The dimensions of the components of

wood jalousie window used in low-cost
housing construction is specified in Table
1. Typical assembly and sections of
window components are shown in Figure 1.
Dimension of the Components of
Wood Jalousie Window
(Unit mm)
* Nominal Size/Minimum Finished Size
Figure 1: Typical Assembly and

Sections of Wood Jalousie
OTHER INFORMATION:
Brand Name
:
:
None
None
PRODUCT CATEGORY
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE
BPS DESIGNATION
DIMENSIONS
: Structural Window Openings

: For Low-Cost Housing Application
: PNS / CTP 06: 1988
08650/SWO
The dimensions (height and width) of

structural window openings in low cost
housing construction is specified in Table
1. Illustrations, in relation to standard door
heights, are shown in Figure 1.
Table 1: Dimensions of Structural
Window Openings
DEFINITION
Structural Window Opening an opening
in an external wall of a building to admit
naturral light and air without considering
other window details such as sill, sash,
jamb, glass, etc.
Figure 1: Structural Window Openings

In Relation to Standard Door Heights
OTHER INFORMATION:
Brand Name
:
:
None
None
PRODUCT CATEGORY
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE
BPS DESIGNATION
CLASSIFICATION:
: Ceramic Tiles and Fittings

09300/CTF
: According to Manufacturing & Usage
: PNS 154: 1992
Table 2 - Nominal Dimensions of Glazed
and Unglazed Ceramic Mosaic Tiles

Table 1 Nominal Dimensions of Glazed
Wall Tiles
Note: Dimension of tiles other than

rectangular and square shall be classified in
terms of their equivalent area.
Table 3 Nominal Dimensions of Floor
Tiles Unit, mm
* Thickness Tolerance Tolerance for

thickness of tiles shall be 5%e.
Note: Thickness is applicable only to flat
portions to be measured 12.7 mm from the
NOTES:
edges or from the line of tangency between
1. Facial dimension shall not include the flat and curved surfaces.
spacers lugs, if present.
* Tolerance on Facial Dimension The
2. Thickness shall include depth of back average facial dimensions of each tile shall
pattern.
not vary by that prescribed in Table 4.
OTHER INFORMATION:
Licensed Manufacturers
1. Fil-Hispano Ceramics, Inc.
2. Mariwasa Manufacturing
Brand Name
FIL-HISPANO
MARIWASA
PRODUCT CATEGORY
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE
BPS DESIGNATION
: Ceramic Tile and Fittings

: According to Manufacture & Usage
: PNS 154: 1992
09300/CTF
* FITTINGS Sizes of fittings shall be in accordance with Fig. 1.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
The physical properties of glazed and unglazed tiles are shown in Table 4.
Ceramic tiles are made of clays with mineral aggregates and stains or pigments.
The mixture can either be formed by extrusion or pressing in plastic condition or by
semi-dry dust pressing in the forms of tiles.
Ceramic tiles, whether glazed or unglazed, should be weatherproof and
corrosion-resistant and of adequate mechanical strength for covering walls and floors.
Table 4 Physical Properties
Property
Mosaic Tile
Unglazed
Glazed
Wall Tile
Floor Tile
Unglazed
Glazed
A. Facial Dimension % max.

3.5
3.5
3.5 of the
largest
3.5 of the
largest
0.6 of the
largest
1.5 of the
largest
1.5 of the
largest
5.0 of the
largest
4.0 of the
largest
0.8 of the
largest
B. Warpage, % max.
Along any edge
Tile
Fitting*
On either diagonal
1.0
1.5
0.75
1.0
1.5
0.75
1.0
1.0
0.75
1.0
1.75
0.75
1.0
0.75
0.75
C. Wedging, % max.
Tile
Fitting **
2.0
3.0
2.0
3
0.60
0.60
19
1.0
1.0
1.0
a)
variance from the average

facial dimension(s) per tile and
fittings
b) range of average individual
facial dimension of tile
fitting
D. Water Absorption, % max.

E. Breaking Strength,
N/mm2, min.
Porcelain
Natural
30
0.5
Clay 3
:
30
10
Porcelain
Natural
38
0.5
Clay 7.0
:
30
* Applicable only to flat patterns of the face 9.5 mm from edge or 12.7 mm from
the line of tangency between the flat and curved surface. Diagonal warpage is not
applicable.
** Only wedging of sides perpendicular to the curved side is applicable.
PRODUCT CATEGORY
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE
BPS DESIGNATION
DIMENSIONS:
: Non-Reinforced Concrete Floor Tiles

09300/NRC
: Floor Tiles
: PNS 59: 1986
4. Finish the surface of all tiles should
be smooth and plane, free from
projections, depressions and cracks.
Table 1: Sizes of Square Tiles, mm
5. Uniformity of Color the color or
(work size)
colors should be uniform throughout
the wearing surface of each tile.
MATERIALS
The materials to be used in the manufacture
of hydraulically pressed flooring tiles
include the following:
*Non-Modular size
When laid, diagonal and rectangular half- 1. Cement Portland, blended, white
portland or pozzolan cement.
tiles should conform to the purchaser and
the manufacturer or supplier
2. Aggregates naturally crushed rock, or
gravel and should not contain harmful
Other sizes and thickness as may be
materials such as iron pyrites, coat,
supplied by agreement between the
mica, shale or similar laminated
purchaser and the manufacturer or supplier.
materials or organic impurities in such
a form or in sufficient quantity to
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
adversely affect the strength or
durability of the tile.
1. Absorption the concrete flooring tiles
should have an absorption of 9-10% by
3. Admixtures admixtures and additives
mass.
other than pigments may be
incorporated.
2. Abrassive Resistance the concrete
flooring tiles should resist the test as
4. Pigments pigments should be milleddescribed in PNS/ASTM C 779.
in with dry cement, before use, to
achieve the best staining power and
3. Shape the edges and surfaces of
homogeneity.
square tiles should be at right angles to
one another.
OTHER INFORMATION:
Brand Name
:
:
None
None
PRODUCT CATEGORY
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE
BPS DESIGNATION
DIMENSIONS
: Hard and Medium Density

10600/HMB
: Hard Board and Medium Density
: SAO 251: 1976
NOTE: All dimensions are non-modular.
Recommended preferred sizes are shown in
Table 1: Standard Sizes of Hardboard
section b.
And Medium Density Hardboard
Width, mm
1220
Length, mm Thickness,
mm
1220 3650 2.54
6.35
2440 7560 3.18
9.52
3050 8500 4.76 12.70
TOLERANCE
Width Tolerance = 1.6 mm
Length Tolerance = 1.6 mm
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Table 2: Physical Properties of Board
TYPE
NOMINAL
DENSITY
THICKNESS, MINIMUM,
mm
g/cm3
Hardboard
Standard
2.5
3.2
4.8
6.4
Hardboard
2.5
Oil
3.2
Tempered
4.8
6.4
Extra
2.5
Tempered
3.2
Hardboard
4.8
6.4
Medium
4.8
Density
6.4
Hardboard
9.5
12.7
OTHER INFORMATION
Brand Name
Figure 1 Typical Shape of Board,

Hard and Medium Density
MODULUS OF
RUPTURE,
Min. Kg/cm3
0.90
315
0.95
490
0.95
560
0.60
105
:
:
H2O
Absorption
By Weight,
Max. %
30
30
20
20
25
25
15
15
22
22
15
12
50
30
30
20
Philippine Wall Board Corporation

LAWANIT/PANELLETE
THICKNES
S
SWELLING
Max. %
18
18
14
12
15
15
10
8
13
13
9
8
20
20
20
20
PRODUCT CATEGORY
: Plywood
10600/PWD
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE : Type I Exterior; Type II - Interior
BPS DESIGNATION
: PNS 196: 1992
BONDING OF PLYWOOD
DIMENSIONS & TOLERANCES
Table 1: Length and Width of Plywood
Type I (Exterior) the bond for Type I
plywood should withstand all weather
and water exposures and should not be
affected by micro-organisms and should
pass the cyclic boil test.
Type II (Interior) the bond for Type
Table 2: Thickness, Number of Plies and
II should retain its strength when
Tolerance
occasionally subjected to thorough
wetting and dry conditions and should
pass the cyclic boil test.
CHARACTERISTICS
*non-modular size. Recommended

preferred sizes are shown in section b.
NOTE: For 15 mm and thicker plyboards,
these shall be composed of the following:
face/back veneer, cross band core veneer
and well composed kiln dried lumber core
in 5 plies
OTHER INFORMATION:
An assembled product made of layers

of veneers and/or lumber-core held
together by an adhesive, the chief
characteristics of which is the alternate
cross layers, distributing the longitudinal
wood strength.
Plies sysmmetrical to one another

relative to the center ply or the core
should normally have the same thickness
and the same species of wood or of
species
having
similar
physical
characteristics.
The inner plies and cores may contain

defects or characteristics of the material,
or manufacturing defects, but only as in
so far as their effect on the plywood
panel falls within the requirements of the
BPS standard.
PRODUCT CATEGORY
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE
BPS DESIGNATION
: Plywood
: Type I Exterior; Type II - Interior
: PNS 196: 1992
10600/PWD
OTHER INFORMATION:
LICENSED MANUFACTURER
1. Acme Plywood & Veneer Co., Inc.
2. Agusan Plywood Corp.
3. Aras-Arasan Timber Co., Inc.
4. Cagayan Plywood Corp.
5. C. Alcantara & Sons, Inc.
6. Davao Plywood Co., Inc.
7. Earsun Co., Ltd.
8. EMCO Plywood Corporation
9. Far East Timberland & Plywood Corp.
10. Findlay Millar Timber Co.
11. Industrial Timber Corp.
12. Industrial Development Corp.
13. International Plywood Corp.
14. Lianga Bay Logging Co.
15. M & S Co., Inc.
16. Masterwood Enterprises
17. Mount Banahaw Wood Inc.
18. Nasipit Lumber Co., Inc.
19. Paper Industries Corp. of the Phils.
20. Republic Wooden Commodities Mfg. Corp.
21. Rosewood Processing, Inc.
22. Sta. Clara Housing, Inc.
23. Super Plywood Corp.
24. Surigao Development Corp.
25. Union Plywood Corp.
26. Ventura Timber Corp.
27. Vicmar Development Corp.
28. Zamboanga Wood Products
BRAND NAMES/TYPES
ACME, TYPES I & II
APC, TYPES I & II
ARASPLY/ARASVENEER
CAGAYAN PLYWOOD, II
QUALITYPLY, 1 & II
BUNAPLY, I & II
EMCO, I & II
EARSUN PLY, I & II
TYPES, I & II
TYPE I
AGUSAN PLY, II
IDC, II
INPLYCO
LIANGAPLY
TYPES I & II
MASTERWOOD, I & II
FORTUNE, II
NALCO PLY, I & II
PICOP, I & II
REWOODCO, II
ROSEWOOD, I & II
STA. CLARA, I & II
SUPERPLY, I & II
SUDECOR, I & II
UNION, II
VTC
TOP FOREST, I & II
ZAMBOPLY, I & II
PRODUCT CATEGORY
: Wood Wool Cement Board (WWCB)
10600/WCB
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE : For Low-Cost Housing Applications
BPS DESIGNATION
: PNS/CTP 07: 1988
The product, which usage is limited to nonDIMENSIONS AND MASS
load bearing applications, should meet the
The shape and dimensions of the WWCB requirements of Table 2 when bending test
in air-dried state is shown in Figure 1, and and deflection test have been applied.
tolerances for dimensions and mass is
Table 2: Required Flexural Breakage
reflected in Table 1
Load and Deflection of WWCB
Table 1: Tolerances for Dimensions and
Mass
*non modular size.

thickness is 15 mm
Recommended
The Wood Wool Cement Board (WWCB)

is a non-structural material ideal for use in
low cost housing constructions. It may
also be used for heat insulation and sound
absorption but not as fire-retardant
material.
QUALITY
The excelsior should be arranged and
distributed evenly on the surface of the
product, the four corners of the board
should be right-angled and the board
should be free from any harmful
distortions, damages and /or perforations.
Figure 1: Shape & Dimensions of WWCB
in mm
OTHER INFORMATION:
Brand Name
:
:
None
None
PRODUCT CATEGORY
: Vitreous China Sanitary Wares
10800/VCS
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE : Type I Water Closets
BPS DESIGNATION
: PNS 156: 1988
* Outlets
CLASSIFICATION:
1. Group A Close-Coupled Water a) The outlets of floor-mounted,flooroutlet water closet bowls should
Closets
conform to the dimensions shown
2. Group B One-Piece Water Closets
Figure 2.
3. Group C Water Closets with Direct
b) The outlets of the floor-mounted, backFlushing Valve
outlet water closet bowls should
conform to the dimensions shown in
DIMENSION AND TOLERANCES
Figure 3.
The applicable dimensions of water closets
are shown in Figure 1 to 12. When not * Each group of water closet is divided into
indicated, the tolerance is 5%. However, six applicable standard sub-types with their
when maximum and minimum dimensions specifications described in Figures 1 to 12.
are specified, no tolerances will apply.
PROPERTIES
* Top Contour of Water Closet Bowls (see
Figure 1) Water closet bowls may have
round front (regular rim) or elongated top
contours. The top contours in Figure 2 are
suggested; however, others may be
provided.
Figure 1 Outlet of Floor Mounted

Water Closet Bowls
* Flushing Performance and Hydraulic

Characteristics of Water Closets Water
closet bowls covered by this BPS standard
shold meet the tests for wastes removal and
water consumption for water closet when
tested in combination with the flushing
device furnished.
* Spud Sizes the standard sizes for spuds
on water bowls are as follows:
a) 38 mm for water closet bowls operated
by flushometers
b) 50mm for water closet bowls operated
by flush tanks.
OTHER INFORMATION:
1. Royal Tern Ceramics, Phils.
2. Sanitary Wares Manufacturing Corp.
Figure 2 Top Contour for Waste

Closet Bowls
Brand /Trade Names

ROYAL TERN
SANIWARES
PRODUCT CATEGORY
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE
BPS DESIGNATION
Continuation:

: Type I Water Closets
: PNS 156: 1988
10800/VCS
Figure 3a. Wall Hanging Water Closet

Bowl Mounting Details
Figure 5. Closed Coupled Washdown
Water Closet
Figure 3b. Outlet-Wall Mounted

Water Closet Bowls
Figure 3c. Outlet-Floor Mounted

Back Outlet Water Closet Bowls
Figure 6. Closed Coupled Siphon-Jet Water

Closet
Figure 4. Close Coupled Reverse-Trap

Water Closet
Figure 7. Siphon-Jet Water Closet
Flushometer
PRODUCT CATEGORY
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE
BPS DESIGNATION
Continuation:

: Type I - Water
: PNS 156: 1988
10800/VCS
Figure 8. Siphon-Jet Wall Hanging

Water Closet Bowl with Top or
Back Inlet Hole
Figure 11. Blowout-Wall- Hanging

Water Closet Bowl with Top inlet
For Flushometer
Figure 9. Closet-Couple Siphon-Jet

Water Closet Floor Mounted Back Outlet
Figure 10. One-Piece Siphon-Jet

Water Closet
Figure 12. Water Closet Tank

Punching Details
PRODUCT CATEGORY
: Vitreous China Sanitary Ware
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE : Type I - Lavatories
BPS DESIGNATION
: PNS 156: 1988
10800/VCS
The applicable dimensions of lavatories are

shown in Figures 1 to 9. When not
indicated, the tolerance is 5%. However,
when maximum and minimum dimensions
are specified, no tolerances will apply.
SPECIFICATION
The lavatories covered by this BPS
standard is of one-piece vitreous china,
with six suggested standard groups and
their specifications described in Figures 1
to 9.
Figure 3 Slab Type Lavatories
Figure 1 Lavatory Supply Punchings and

Outlet Details
Figure 4 Self-Removing Lavatory
Oval
Figure 2 Ledge Back Lavatories

OTHER INFORMATION:
1. Royal Term Ceramic, Phils
2. Sanitary Wares Manufacturing
Figure 5 Self Rimming Lavatory

Round
Brand Names
ROYAL TERN
SANIWARES
PRODUCT CATEGORY
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE
BPS DESIGNATION

: Type I - Lavatories
: PNS 156: 1988
Figure 6 Lavatories with Back
Figure 7 Back Lavatories
10800/VCS
Figure 8 Corner Lavatories with

Shell-Back
Figure 9 Rectangular Self-Rimming

Lavatory
PRODUCT CATEGORY
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE : Type III - Urinals
BPS DESIGNATION
: PNS 156: 1988
10800/VCS
The applicable dimensions of urinals and

pedestal bidets are shown in Figures 1 to 8.
When not indicated, the tolerance is %.
However, when maximum and minimum
dimensions are specified, no tolerance will
apply.
SPECIFICATIONS
The urinals and pedestal bidet covered by
this BPS standard is on one piece vitreous
china, with eight suggested standard group
and their specifications described in
Figures 1 to 8.
Figure 2 Wall-Hanging Washout

Urinal with Extended Shields
Figure 1 Wall Hanging Urinal

With Back Outlet
Figure 3 Wall-Hanging Blowout

PRODUCT CATEGORY
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE
BPS DESIGNATION

: Type III - Urinals
: PNS 156: 1988
Figure 4 Wall-hanging Siphon-Jet

10800/VCS
Figure 7 Wall-Haniging Blowout

Urinal
Figure 5 Wall-Hanging Siphon-Jet

Urinal
Figure 8 Pedestal Bidet

Figure 6 Stall Urinal
PRODUCT CATEGORY
10800/VCS
CLASSIFICATION/TYPE : Type IV Pail Flush and Rural/Squat Bowl
BPS DESIGNATION
: PNS 156: 1988
The applicable dimensions of pail flush and
rulral /squat bowl are shown in Figures 1 to
3. When not indicated, the tolerance is
5%.
However, when maximum and
minimum dimensions are specified, no
tolerances will apply.
SPECIFICATON
* Pail Flush Bowl should be on one-piece
vitreous china floor standingf bottom outlet
pail flush bowl.
Figure 2 Squat Bowl
* Rural/Squat Bowl should be of one-piece

vitreous china and can either be pail flush
or washdown type.
Washdown squat
bowls may have provisions for P-Trap or
S-Trap installation, suitable for high or low
cisterns.
Figure 3 Squat Bowl with

Integral Flushing Rim
Figure 1 Pail Flush Bowl
OTHER INFORMATION:
Brand Name
:
:
Sanitary Wares Manufacturing Corp.

SANIWARES
b. Recommended preferred sizes of building materials
c. 1 Bricks and Blocks

* BRICKS
BRICKS
CLAY
OR
SHALE
(mm)
H
200
100
50
CONCRETE HOLLOW BLOCKS (CHB)
CHB
L
(mm)
H
WHOLE
CS
400
200
WS
HALF
390
190
CS
200
200
WS
190
190
CS -
WS -
100,200
150,300
90,190
140,300
100,200
150,300
90,190
140,300
Co-ordinating Size or the dimension common to

two or more bldg. Components to permit their
assembly
Work Size or the size of a bldg. Component

specified for its manufacture, to which its actual
size should conform within specified
permissible deviations
L
Length
H
Height
W
Weight
T
Thickness
Note: Dimensions enclosed in boxes in the above tables are those illustrated in the
accompanying figures (shaded units)
b.2
The recommended preferred co-ordinating sizes of tiles are based on a

combination and subdivision of sizes derived from nx3M incremental formats and BPS
standards. [Note: The dimensions enclosed in boxes in the table below are those that are
illustrated in the accompanying figures (shaded units)]
o CERAMIC TILES
Modular Formats for Ceramic Tiles
o NON-REINFORCED CONCRETE FLOOR TILES
MARBLE TILES AND SLABS
o NON REINFORCED CONCRETE FLOOR TILES
b. 3 Sheet Board
The preferred co-ordinating sizes of sheet boards is a combination of sizes derived from
nx3M increments of its lengths and widths. Thicknesses of materials under this
categories are based on the existing BPS standard.
o PLYWOOD/VENEER
Work Sizes, mm
W
1820
910
2.5 25
1800
900
2.5 25
2130
910
depending on
2100
900
depending on
3050
1220
the number
2400
1200
the number
3050
1220
of plies
3000
1200
or piles
3000
1500
1530
Co-ordinating Sizes, mm
L
W
T
o HARD AND MEDIUM DENSITY BOARD
Work Sizes, mm
W
1220
1200
2440
3050
3650
Co-ordinating Sizes, mm
L
W
T
1220
2.54
2400
TO
3000
12.70
3600
7560
7500
8500
8600
2.45
1200
TO
12.70
MINERAL FIBER INSULATION
INSULATION
L
(mm)
W
2400
1200
1200
600
75
50
25
7500
1200
2400
1200
Batt
50
25
Blanket
Board
50
25
o WOOD WOOL CEMENT BOARD (WWCB)
Wood
Wool
Cement
Board
(WWCB)
(mm)
H
900
600
900
900
1800
900
2400
600
10
12
20
30
50
o ASBESTOS CEMENT SHEETS

(mm)
H
1500
1200
1800
900
ASBESTOS
1800
1200
CEMENT
2000
1200
SHEET
2100
900
2100
1200
2400
900
2400
1200
2500
1200
2700
900
2700
1200
2800
1200
3000
900
3000
1200
3000
1500
T
3-25
for
all
sizes
b. 4 Section
o LUMBER (SAWN TIMBER)
(mm)
W
T
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
250
300
350
400
10
15
20
25
30
40
50
80
100
125
150
65
200
450
500
550
L = 1200, 18000, 24000, 3000, 3600, 4200, 4800, 5400, 6000, 6600, 7200, 7800, 8400, 9000
Length applies to all cross-sections
C. Recommended preferred sizes of building components

C. 1. MODULAR DOOR 1M x 8M x 21M
The door thickness must be standardized

to one single dimension for all doors
M = module = 10cm
Note: The door itself need not be modularly
dimensioned. But the space for it must be.
It is proposed to introduce a single size of door

for low-cost housing. Other widths
May be added later, a single height being retained.
c. 2 Doorsets (including frames)
The range of coordinating sizes for door sets and door openings are shown in the figure
below:
c. 3 Windows Sets (including frames)

Preferred windows sets in relation to standard door heights
C. 4 MODULAR
SIZES FOR WINDOWS OF 6M-9M (7M in future)
Measurement in basic modules
Basic module =1M = 1 decimetre
In the modular sizes the joint and the tolerance
are not considered (to obtain the work measurement
the joint and the tolerance must be subtracted)
C. 5. STANDARDIZATION OF ELEMENTS FOR WALLS AND PARTITIONS

Measurements in basic modules
Basic module = 1M = 1 decimetre
C.6
STANDARDIZATION OF KITCHEN FURNITURE
Basic module = 1M = 1decimetre
STANDARD CLOSETS
D. MODULATED MEASUREMENTS IN RELATION TO THE HUMAN BODY
E. MODULAR FUNCTIONAL MEASUREMENTS
f. Building Design Standards for Controlling Dimensions/Sizes
Shown below are the existing building design standards for controlling dimensions/sizes
of various building components or parts.
Building/
Housing
Part
Storey
Heights
Existing Building Design Standards

Standard for Dimensions/Sizes
BP 220 for
ISO for
P.D. 1096
Economic &
(Natl. Bldg. Code)
Socialized
Housing
- up to 3.6 meters or
36m: 0.1 meter or
1 M increment
step
Maximum of 3 meters or
No provision
- from 3.6 meters or 30 M from the lowest
(NP)
36 M to 4.8 meters adjoining surface
or 48 M: 0.3 meter
or 3M increment
step
-
above 4.8 meters

or 48M: meter or
6M increment step
PNS
And/or
PNS/CTP
Standards
NP
*
with
ventilation:
-
Ceiling
Heights
-
up to 3.6 meters or
36M: 0.1 meter or 1M increment step
from 3.6 meters or 36M to 4.8 meter
or 48Mj: 0.3 meter
or 3M increment
step
above 4.8 meters
or 48M: 0.6 meter
or 6M increment
step
Building/
Housing
Part
ISO for
artificial *with natural

ventilation
- minimum of
minimum
of
2.4
2 meters or
meters or 24M
20M
for bldg. Of more - minimum of
than one storey, the
2 meters or
min. for the firest
20M
storey shall be 2.7 - mezzanine
meter or 27M and that
floor shall
for second storey 2.4
have a
meter or 24M and
ceiling of
succeedingf
storeys
1.8 meters
shall
have
an
or 18M
unobstructed
(minimum)
headroom clearance of
above or
2.1 meters, min.
below it
with
natural
ventilation:
2.7 meters or 27M
ceiling heights
mezzanine floors with
artificial or natural
ventilation, shall have
a clear

P.D. 1096
BP 220 for
(Natl. Bldg. Code)
Economic &
Socialized
Housing
Ceiling height of 1.8
meters or 18M (minimum
above or below it.
NP
PNS
And/or
PNS/CTP
Standards
Room
3M, 6M, 12M, 30M and 60M are values of

multi-modules
for
horizontal
coordination
-
Doors
(exclusive
of door
jambs)
coordinating sizes
for
external
doorsets shall be:
Width
Height
9 M
20 M
10 M
24 M
12 M
27 M
15 M
30 M
18 M
21 M
24 M
- coordinating sizes
for
internal
doorsets shall be:
Width
Height
7 M
21 M
8M
24 M
9 M
27 M
10 M
30 M
12 M
15 M
18 M
21 M
rooms for human

habitation shall have a
minimum size of 6
square meters with a
least dimension of minimum floor
2.00 meters
are requirement
for single
kitchen shall have a family dwelling
minimum size of 3 shall be 20
square meters with a square meter
least dimension of 1.5
meters
-main door shall
have a
minimum clear
width of 0.8
meter or 8M
and a height of
2 meters or
20M
Every exit doorway shall

be of a size as to permit
the installation of a door
not less than 0.9 meter or
9M in width and not less
than 2 meters or 20M in
height
- service shall
have a
minimum clear
width of 0.7
meter or 7M
and a height of
2 meters for
20M
NP
*for PNS
standard
Width Ht.
.6m 1.8m
.7m 2.1m
.8m
.9m
1m
1.2m
1.8m
2 m
*for
CTP/PNS
std.
Width
Ht.
.6m
1.8m
.7m
.8m
2
m
.9m
2.1
m
Building/
Housing
Part

ISO for
P.D. 1096
BP 220 for
(Natl. Bldg. Code)
Economic &
Socialized
Housing
- bathroom door
shall have a
minimum clear
width of 0.6
meter or 6M
and a height of
1.8 meters or
18M
No available copy of Every room shall be Total free area
ISO standard from the provided windows/s of windows
Bureau of Product with total free area of openings shall
Standards (BPS)
openings equal to at be at least 10%
least 10% of the floor of floor area of
area of the room
the room
Windows
PNS
And/or
PNS/CTP
Standards
*for CTP/PNS
std.
-bathroom
windows shall
have a width of
.4 meter of 4M
and a height of
.4 meter or 4M
-
for
any
other
windows
Width Ht.
.4m
1.2m
.6m
1.2m
Stairs
And
Stair
Openings
-horizontal distances
between coordinating
planes
shall
be
multiples
of
3M
(nx3M) as a first
preference
and
multiples
of
1M
(nx1M) as a second
preference
(the
modular cage)
-width of stairway
serving an occupant
load of more than 50
shall not be less than
1.1 meters.
For
occupant load of 50
or less may be .9
meter
while
for
serving an occupant
load of less than 10
may be .75 meter
- rise of every step
shall not exceed . 2
meter and run shall
not be less than . 25
meter
-width shall
have a
minimum of .6
meter
- maximum
riser height of
.25 meter and a
mini-mum tread
width of .2
meter
NP
Building/
Housing
Part
Stairs
And
Stair
Openings
ISO for

P.D. 1096
BP 220 for
(Natl. Bldg. Code)
Economic &
Socialized
Housing
For private stairways maximum
serving an occupant load height between
of less than 10, the rise landings shall
may be .2 meter and the be 3.6 meters
run may be .25 meter
- landing dimension shall
not exceed 1.2 meters
when the stairs have a
straight run
PNS
And/or
PNS/CTP
Standards
PART D:
EXAMPLES OF DRAWING PRACTICES
Project : Residential House : Bungalow Type

Standard Specifications
1. Flooring:
a. bedroom 1 and bedroom 2
300 mm x 300mm concrete floor tiles
b. kitchen, dining, living area
300mm x 300mm marble
2. Exterior Walls
150 mm thick CHB with paint brush
3. Roofing
Longspan color of G.I.
4. Ceiling
60 mm thick ordinary plywood ceiling with
50 x 50 mm wood nailers @ 0.60 M o.c.B.W.
5. T & B floors and walls
75 x75 mm glazed wall tiles
20 x 20 mm ceramic mosaic tiles
6. Doors
Door 1 hollow core flush door with 4.5 mm marine plywood on both faces ( main
and service entry)
Door 2 hollow core flush door with 4.5 mm ordinary plywood on both faces
(bedrooms)
Door 3 same as door 1 (T & B)
7. Windows
6 mm thick smoked glass jalousie window

Modular Coordination

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Modular Coordination

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Modular Coordination

infra-modular size: A size smaller than the basic module.

2. AIMS OF MODULAR COORDINATION

facilitates cooperation between building designers, manufacturers,

in the design work, enables buildings to be so dimensionally

permits a flexible type of standardization, which encourages the use of

optimizes the number of standard sizes of building components;

encourages as far as possible the interchangeability of components,

simplifies site operations by rationalizing setting out, positioning and

ensures dimensional coordination between installations (equipment,

Table 1. Series of preferred multimodular sizes for horizontal dimensions

* . 3M - for smaller components to fit the functional module, etc.

Figure 2. Examples of specifications for the preferred modular sizes in a building.

In this example G, H, and I are modular sizes which may

c. Sub-modular increment is an increment of size, the value of which is a selected

Sub-modular increments are to be used where there is a need for an increment

Figure 3. Example of a modular space-grid

Figure 4. Continuous grids

Figure 5. Superimposed grids

Figure 6 Displacement grids or tartan grids

d. interrupted grids or neutral zones - where there are non-modular interruptions

Figure 7. Interrupted grids

The different types of reference method used are:

Figure 8. Axial reference

f. Boundary reference. This method is used to coordinate the position of the

Figure 9. Boundary reference

g. Flush reference. This method is used to coordinate the positions of the

Figure 10. Flush reference

h. Interaxial reference. This method is used to coordinate the position and

Figure 11. Interaxial reference

The modular rules for

Figure 21. Location of joint

Codification - is based on how the components associated with the assembly

Figure 23. Joint Configuration

Figure 24. A modular cage

induced deviations - are any process of measurement, alignment or

b. Consequences of Dimension Variability. Dimensional and positional deviations must

performance of the building - variations in the sizes and shapes of spaces or

6. COORDINATION OF NON-MODULAR SIZES

thus, Kn = 6 (highest common divisor)

b. Coordination of Non-Rectangular Parts

factorization - This mathematical procedure allows proportions to be determined

--etc. Most three dimensional

Figure 32. Proportional numbers as approximate values of 2 (Snail)

The resulting series is:

c. Round Structures (Progressions)

Construction of equilateral triangle and hexagon within a circle:

Figure 33. Construction of Equilateral triangle and hexagon within a circle

Draw AMC within the circle

4 (square), 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, . Sides

Figure 34, construction of a square within a circle

Figure 37. Construction of a pentagon in a circle

by superimposing regular constructions, further combinations of progressions can be

Example: Superimposition of an equilateral triangle and a pentagon

circumference of the circle

Figure 38. Superimposition of an equilateral triangle and a pentagon

To plan progression in circles modularly, the following information is also required:

Figure 39. Progressions in circle

Figure 40. Hexagon with modular chords and radii.

Figure 41. Octagon with modular chords, non-modular and modular

8. CONTROLLING DIMENSIONS/SIZES (per ISO Guidelines)

Figure 42. Situation at different positions of the modular plane.

Vertical coordinating dimensions

The vertical distances between coordinating planes shall be multiples of 1M.