IntroductoryOrganicChemistry

Chem 212&Chem 211

ORGANICBITES1B:FUNCTIONALGROUPSREVIEW
Dr.LauraPavelka
DepartmentofChemistry
Pulp&Paper104
laura.pavelka@mcgill.ca

CONTINUINGWITHOURREVIEW...
Section1 OrganicStructures(Review)
Chapter2 FamiliesofCarbonCompounds
Hydrocarbons
SinglyBondedFunctionalGroups(sp3)
MultiplyBondedFunctionalGroups(sp2)

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OrganicBites1B Chapter2

SINCETHEREARESO MANYORGANIC
STRUCTURES...
...WEGROUPSIMILARSTRUCTURES
INTOCHEMICALFAMILIES

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Hydrocarbons
ALKANES: saturated,all bonds,tetrahedral,sp3
H
H

H
H

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Hydrocarbons
ALKENES: unsaturated,+ bonds,trigonal/sp2

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OrganicBites1B Chapter2

Hydrocarbons
ALKENES: unsaturated,+ bonds,trigonal/sp2

UNSATURATIONINALKENES:

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Hydrocarbons
ALKYNES: unsaturated,+2 bonds,linear/sp
H

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OrganicBites1B Chapter2

Hydrocarbons
ALKYNES: unsaturated,+2 bonds,linear/sp
H

UNSATURATIONINALKYNES:

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OrganicBites1B Chapter2

Hydrocarbons
ALKANES: saturated,all bonds,tetrahedral,sp3
H
H

H
H

ALKENES: unsaturated,+ bonds,trigonal/sp2

ALKYNES: unsaturated,+2 bonds,linear/sp

H

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HydrocarbonRings
CYCLOALKANESANDCYCLOALKENES:

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HydrocarbonRings
CYCLOALKANESANDCYCLOALKENES:

AROMATICS(BENZENERINGS):

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Practice:Hydrocarbons
Identifythehydrocarbonfamilytowhicheachofthefollowingmolecules
belong:

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CONTINUINGWITHOURREVIEW...
Section1 OrganicStructures(Review)
Chapter2 FamiliesofCarbonCompounds
Hydrocarbons
SinglyBondedFunctionalGroups(sp3)
MultiplyBondedFunctionalGroups(sp2)

CHEM212/211

OrganicBites1B Chapter2

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FunctionalGroups
SINGLEBONDS: (sp3 family)

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FunctionalGroups
SINGLEBONDS: (sp3 family)

Risusedasageneralsymboltorepresentanyalkylgroup
CH3CH2CH2

Methane

Ethane

Propane

Propane

Methyl

Ethyl

Propyl

Isopropyl

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FunctionalGroups
SINGLEBONDS: (sp3 family)

Ph isusedasageneralsymboltorepresentabenzenering
C6H5

Phenyl

Benzene
CHEM212/211

Benzyl
OrganicBites1B Chapter2

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FunctionalGroups
SINGLEBONDS: (sp3 family)

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FunctionalGroups
SINGLEBONDS: (sp3 family)

ALKYLHALIDES
RX

1 alkylchloride

2 alkylchloride

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3 alkylchloride
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FunctionalGroups
SINGLEBONDS: (sp3 family)

ALKYLHALIDES
RX

1 alkylchloride

2 alkylchloride

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3 alkylchloride
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FunctionalGroups
SINGLEBONDS: (sp3 family)

ALCOHOLS
ROH

1 alcohol
CHEM212/211

2 alcohol
OrganicBites1B Chapter2

3 alcohol
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FunctionalGroups
SINGLEBONDS: (sp3 family)

ALCOHOLS
ROH

1 alcohol
CHEM212/211

2 alcohol
OrganicBites1B Chapter2

3 alcohol
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FunctionalGroups
SINGLEBONDS: (sp3 family)

ETHERS
ROR

diethylether
(ether)
CHEM212/211

methylphenylether
(anisole)
OrganicBites1B Chapter2

oxacyclopentane
(tetrahydrofuran)
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FunctionalGroups
SINGLEBONDS: (sp3 family)

AMINES
NR3

1 amine
CHEM212/211

2 amine
OrganicBites1B Chapter2

3 amine
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CONTINUINGWITHOURREVIEW...
Section1 OrganicStructures(Review)
Chapter2 FamiliesofCarbonCompounds
Hydrocarbons
SinglyBondedFunctionalGroups(sp3)
MultiplyBondedFunctionalGroups(sp2)

CHEM212/211

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FunctionalGroups
SINGLEBONDS:

MULTIPLEBONDS:

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FunctionalGroups
ALDEHYDESANDKETONES: unsaturated,C=Odoublebond

carbonyl
sp2

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FunctionalGroups
ALDEHYDESANDKETONES: unsaturated,C=Odoublebond

carbonyl
sp2
UNSATURATIONINALDEHYDES/KETONES:

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FunctionalGroups
ALDEHYDESANDKETONES: unsaturated,C=Odoublebond

carbonyl
sp2

O
H3CO

aldehydes
RCHO
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HO
OrganicBites1B Chapter2

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FunctionalGroups
ALDEHYDESANDKETONES: unsaturated,C=Odoublebond

carbonyl
sp2

ketones
RCOR
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FunctionalGroups
CARBOXYLICACIDS, ESTERSANDAMIDES

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FunctionalGroups
CARBOXYLICACIDS, ESTERSANDAMIDES

UNSATURATIONINCARBOXYLICACIDS/ESTERS/AMIDES:

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FunctionalGroups
CARBOXYLICACIDS ANDESTERS: unsaturated,OC=Obonds

carboxyl
sp2

carboxylicacids
RCO2H
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O
OH
OrganicBites1B Chapter2

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FunctionalGroups
CARBOXYLICACIDS ANDESTERS: unsaturated,OC=Obonds

carboxyl
sp2

esters
RCO2R
CHEM212/211

O
OrganicBites1B Chapter2

O
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FunctionalGroups
AMIDES: unsaturated,NC=Obonds

amido
sp2

amides
RCONR2
unsubstituted
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Nsubstituted

OrganicBites1B Chapter2

N,Ndisubstituted
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FunctionalGroups
NITRILES: unsaturated, +2bonds
nitriles
RCN

cyano
sp2
UNSATURATIONINNITRILES:

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FunctionalGroupsinBiologicalCompounds

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FunctionalGroupsinBiologicalCompounds

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OrganicBites1B:MainObjectives
1. Recognizethedifferenthydrocarbonfamilies.
2. Understandthetermunsaturation.
3. Recognizeallthesinglyandmultiplybondedfunctional
groupspresented.
4. Distinguishbetweenprimary(1),secondary(2),and
tertiary(3)functionalgroupsasappropriate.

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