DIGITAL ENCODING

TRANSDUCERS

CHARACTERISTICS

Give output in Digital format

Converts Linear or Rotary Motion into digital
format
Known as digital Encoders ,linear digitisers
Shaft encoders or shaft digitisers

CLASSIFICATION

Tachometer Transducer
Single

Output Signal
Motion is only in one direction
Used only for Measurement of Speed

Incremental Transducer
Three

Output Signal
Third Signal provided for zero reference
Loss of power can cause information loss

Absolute Transducer
Limited

to measurement of single revolution

Loss of power does not cause information loss

CONSTRUCTION CONTACTING
TYPE

Brushes are placed

as sliding contact
Sliding contacts
which come in
contact with
conducting area are
completed
Sliding contact which
come in contact with
insulating area are
not completed

GRAY CODE

ADVANTAGES

It is relatively inexpensive
Any degree of desired accuracy
Quite adequate for slow moving systems
Wear of contactors and maintenance
Ambiguity of LSB digit

MOIRE FRING METHOD

Optical method of
amplifying
displacement and
uses two identical
gratings
Gratings consist of
number of slits on
an opaque screen
The slits are
transparent

WORKING

Moving the grating

perpendicular to
reference grating
would move the
fringes
Movement of
fringes ,Number of
fringes passing a point
can be calculated
Accuracy of +/-0.001%
over large scale

SHAFT ENCODERS

Measurement of
angular position
Disc is divided into
concentric circles
Alternate segment
of opaque or
transparent
Accuracy depends
of number of
tracks

CONSTRUCTION
Sector

Contact 1

Contact 2

Contact 3

Angle

off

off

off

0 to 45

off

off

ON

45 to 90

off

ON

ON

90 to
135

off

ON

off

135 to
180

ON

ON

off

180 to
225

ON

ON

ON

225 to
270

ON

off

ON

270 to
315

ON

off

off

315 to
360

INCREMENTAL

Provides pulse
each time the
shaft rotates

ABSOLUTE