ENGLISH

Verb Tenses
Present Simple facts or an action that often happens
-

s
es s, ch, sh, z, x

Time expressions: usually, often, always, every(day), in the (morning), at

night, at the weekend, on (Mondays)
Present Continuous an action that happens in the moment were speaking
To be + v-ing
Time expressions: now, at the moment, at present, these days, still,
nowadays, today
Present Perfect an action that happened in the past but still has effects
To have (present) + past participle
Time expressions: for, since, already, yet, always, just, ever, never, so far,
today, this (week), how long, lately, recently, still (in negations)
Present Perfect Continuous an action that began in the past, continues in
the present and may continue into the future
To have + been + v-ing
Time expressions: for, since, how long, lately, recently
Past Simple an action that ended in the past
Time expressions: yesterday, then, when, how long ago, last (night), three
(days) ago, in (1990)
Past Continuous - a past action which was happening when another action
occurred
Time expressions: while, when, as, all (morning)
Past Perfect an action that happened before another
To have (past simple) + past participle
Time expressions: before, after, already, just, for, since, untill, when, by, by
the time
Future Simple with predictions
Will (wont) + infinitive

Near future with arrangements

Going to + infinitive
If Clauses

If Clause

Main Clause

Type
0

Present Simple

Present Simple

Type
1
Type
2

Present Simple

Type
3

Use: something which is always true

Future Simple

Use: real-likely to happen in the present or future

Past Simple
Conditional
Use: imaginary situation contrary to facts in the present;
to give advice
Past Perfect
Conditional Perfect
Use: imaginary contrary in facts in the past