Professional Documents
Culture Documents
-Experiencias.
Usually, never, sometimes, At the moment, right now, Already, yet, just, ever,
often, everyday, on this week, tomorrow, next never,for, since, how long.
Mondays, rarely, on a week. month, later.
THE PASSIVE
Present continuous Subj + am/is/are + gerund + C Subj + am/is/are + being + past participle + C
Past continuous Subj + was/were + gerund + C Subj + was/were + being + past participle + C
Present perfect Subj + have/has + past part + C Subj + have/has + been + past participle + C
Modal verbs Subj + modal + main vb (base) + C Subj + modal + be + past participle + C
Form:
MODAL VERBS
Simple:
CAN (poder)
- Ability
- Possibility
- Request
- Ability
- Possibility
- Inability
- Prohibition
- Disbelief
- Request
- Possibility
Perfect:
- Ability or possibility to have something done but in fact did not. (posibilidad de hacer
algo pero que no se hizo)
- Certain or logical conclusions about a past action. (conclusiones ciertas o lógicas sobre
una acción pasada)
- Criticism or regret about a past action (crítica o arrepentimiento por una acción
pasada)
- Willingness to have something done but in fact did not. (posibilidad de que se haga
algo pero al final no se hizo)
Def: they give essential information, about Def: they give extra information about the
the antecedent. antecedent.
who: people Common features:
which: things/animals 1) No change by that.
when: time 2) Commas.
whose: possession 3) No omission.
where: place
Common features:
1) We can substitute who/which by
THAT.
2) No commas between the sentences.
3) We have to omit the relative
who/which/that if they are not the
subject of the clause.
Present continuous; She said: I'm talking the Past continuous; She said that she was
E. notes now talking the E. notes then
Present perfect; John said to his mother: My Past perfect; John said to his mother: his
friend has put bought a new mobile friend had put bought a new mobile
Past simple; She told her: I wrote to you Past perfect; She told her that had written to
yesterday her the previous yesterday
Future will; The teacher encouraged us: You Would; The teacher encouraged us that we
will pas the exam would pass the exam
Be going to; He said: I'm going study maths Was/were going to; He said that he was
this afternoon going to study maths that afternoon
Can; They said: we con play the piano Could; They said that they could play the
piano
Have to/ Must; The teach told her students Had to; The teacher, told her student that
you have to study hard his maths they had to hard that month
QUESTIONS
Yes/No questions
Sbj + reporting verb + object pronomb + IF/ WHETHER + sbj + verbal tense change + C
Ex: He asked them : Are you going to come to the cinema tonight?
Sbj + reporting verb + object pronoun + Wh word + sbj + verbal tense changed + C
Ex: the asked them : What time is it? — He asked them what time it was
COMMANDS
SUGGESTIONS
Sbj + reporting verb + object pronoun: 1) that + sbj + base form + C 2) main vb gerund + C
OTHER CHANGES
Now Then
This That
These Those
Here There
Endurance: resistencia
Strength: fuerza
Improve: mejorar
Performance: actuación
Benefit: beneficios
Successful: exitoso
Championship: campeonato
Self-esteem: autoestima
Coach: entrenador
Train: entrenarse
Challenge: desafío
Strengthen: fortalecer
Relax: relajarse
Snacks: tentempié