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  • Tenses in English Grammar Guides

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    JIMENA CHAMBI
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    This document summarizes the main English tenses including: - Present, past, and future simple tenses which are used to talk about facts, repeated actions, and predictions respectively. - Present, past, and future continuous tenses which are used to talk about ongoing actions, parallel past actions, and future expectations. - Present, past, and future perfect tenses which are used to talk about completed actions, one action completed before another in the past or future, and actions completed before a certain time in the future. - Present, past, and future perfect continuous tenses which are used to talk about ongoing actions up until the present, past or future.

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    This document summarizes the main English tenses including: - Present, past, and future simple tenses which are used to talk about facts, repeated actions, and predictions respectively. - Present, past, and future continuous tenses which are used to talk about ongoing actions, parallel past actions, and future expectations. - Present, past, and future perfect tenses which are used to talk about completed actions, one action completed before another in the past or future, and actions completed before a certain time in the future. - Present, past, and future perfect continuous tenses which are used to talk about ongoing actions up until the present, past or future.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    60 views2 pages

    Tenses in English Grammar Guides

    Uploaded by

    JIMENA CHAMBI
    This document summarizes the main English tenses including: - Present, past, and future simple tenses which are used to talk about facts, repeated actions, and predictions respectively. - Present, past, and future continuous tenses which are used to talk about ongoing actions, parallel past actions, and future expectations. - Present, past, and future perfect tenses which are used to talk about completed actions, one action completed before another in the past or future, and actions completed before a certain time in the future. - Present, past, and future perfect continuous tenses which are used to talk about ongoing actions up until the present, past or future.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    Tenses in

    forms, main uses and


    PRESENT
    PRESENT SIMPLE
    English
    signal words
    PAST
    PAST SIMPLE
    FUTURE
    FUTURE SIMPLE
     Affirmative:  Affirmative:  Affirmative:

    S + V (+s/es/ies) Regular verbs: S + V + d/ed/ied S + will + V

     Negative:  Negative:  Negative:

    S + do/does + not + V S + did + not + V S + will + not + V


    SIMPLE

     Interrogative:  Interrogative:  Interrogative:

    Do/Does + S + V ? Did + S + V ? Will + S + V ?

    ► with facts (general truths.) ► finished act. in the past. ►to predict future events.
    ► with repeated acts. (routine.) ► series of finished acts. in the past. ►to express a decision, offer or
    ■every day/usually/always/when/… ■ yesterday/last week/a month ago/… promise.
    ■ tomorrow/soon/next
    year/someday/…
    PRESENT CONTINUOUS PAST CONTINUOUS FUTURE CONTINUOUS
     Affirmative:  Affirmative:  Affirmative:

    S + am/is/are + V + ing S + was/were + V + ing S + will + be + V + ing

     Negative:  Negative:  Negative:


    CONTINUOUS

    S + am/is/are + not + V + ing S + was/were + not + V + ing S + will + not + be + V + ing

     Interrogative:  Interrogative:  Interrogative:


    Am/Is/Are + S + V + ing ? Was/Were + S + V + ing ? Will + S + be + V + ing ?
    ► act. in progress right now. ► two or more parallel past acts. ►act. that’ll be happening at some point.
    ► future plan or intention. ► continuous (interrupted) past act. ►future expectations or
    ■now/right now/at the moment/… ■ while(+past cont.)/when(+past smpl.) predictions.
    ■ this time next week/still/at 7 tomorrow/...

    PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE PAST PERFECT SIMPLE FUTURE PERFECT SIMPLE


     Affirmative:  Affirmative:  Affirmative:

    S + have/has + past participle S + had + past participle S + will + have + past participle

     Negative:  Negative:  Negative:


    PERFECT SIMPLE

    S + have/has + not + past S + had + not + past participle S + will + not + have + past
    participle participle
     Interrogative:
     Interrogative:  Interrogative:
    Had + S + past participle ?
    Have/Has + S + past participle ? Will + S + have + past participle
    ?
    ► act. that finished in the very recent past. ► past act.1 finished before past act.2. ►act.1 will finish in future before act.2.
    ► finished act. in an unfinished period. ► with “wish” for regrets/unreal events. ►act. will finish in future before a certain point.
    ■already/for/since/just/ever/never/yet/... ■ by the time/by(+time)/before/after/when/... ■ by the
    time/by(+time)/before/when/till/until/
    OUS PERFECT

    …
    CONTINU

    PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS


     Affirmative:  Affirmative:  Affirmative:
    S + have/has + been + V + ing S + had + been + V + ing S + will + have + been + V +
    ing
     Negative:  Negative:
     Negative:
    S + have/has + not + been + V S + had + not + been + V + ing
    + ing S + will + not + have + been +
     Interrogative:
    V + ing
     Interrogative:
    Had + S + been + V + ing ?
     Interrogative:
    Have/Has + S + been + V +
    ing ? Will + S + have + been + V +
    ing ?
    ► past act. that continues in present. ► act. continued to a point in the past. ►act. will continue to a point in the future.
    ► repeated acts. that happened lately. ► to show the cause of a past effect. ►to show the cause of a future
    ■since/for/all day/every day/recently/… ■ before/after/for/since/when/because/… effect.
    ■ by the
    time/by(+time)/before/when/for/till/until/
    …

    Legend
    ●=the tense forms / ►=common uses / ■=common signal words / S=Subject / V=Verb / act.=action /
    acts.=actions
    Common I am=I’m / is=’s / are=’re / is not=isn’t / are not=aren’t / was not=wasn’t / were not=weren’t / do not=don’t /
    Contractions does not=doesn’t / did not=didn’t / have=’ve / has=’s / have not=haven’t / has not=hasn’t / will=‘ll / will not=won’t

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