TIEMPO ESTRUCTURA US EJEMPLO

O S
Afirmativa:
Subject + present conjugation of verb I  Rutinas, hábitos  I usually get up at 7 o'clock.
play tennis on Mondays.  Hechos y verdades generales  I think he is a wonderful student.
Negativa  Sentimientos  She lives in New York.
Subject + DO not + base form of verb  Horarios y programas
They don't work in New York.  The Earth goes around the Sun.
 Expresiones de tiempo presentes comunes: usually,  I love walking around late at night.
PRESEN Pregunta (Wh?)
always, often, sometimes, on Saturdays, at weekends,  The plane leaves at 4 p.m.
TE +do+subject+base form of verb ? Does she
rarely, on occasion, never, seldom.  She doesn't often go to the cinema.
SIMPLE know him?

Afirmativa:  What are you doing?

Subject + verb ‘be’ (AM / IS / ARE) in  Acción que ocurre en el momento presente
 She's studying hard for her final exam
present + verb –ing  Planes futuros inmediatos, acuerdos
He's working at the moment.  Acciones monótonas y molestas.  She isn't coming on Friday.
PRESENT Negativa  Expresiones de tiempo presente continuo comunes  You are always laughing at me!
E como: at the moment, now, today, this week, this month,
Subj.+ V. ‘be’ in present+ not+ V–ing
CONTINU tomorrow, next week (for future arrangements),
They aren't coming this evening.  I am working until 21h this week.
O currently…
Pregunta
(Wh?) verb ‘be’ in present+subj. verb–ing?
What are you doing?

Afirmativa  I went to Paris last year

S+V in past (regular, <-ed>; irregular, 2nd
column): She went to Paris last week.
Negativa
PASADO SIMPLE Subject + DID not + root of the verb.
They didn't drive to work.
Pregunta
(Wh_) did + subject + root of the verb?
Where did she get that hat?
 Acciones acabadas que ocurren en un momento
definido en el pasado.  He stopped drinking alcohol 3 years ago.
 Con la palabra ‘ago’
 Para expresar acciones cortas y consecutivas  I fell down and someone helped me.
 Cuando hay dos acciones simultáneas, una de ellas
suele  The light went out (short action) while we
ser más corta (simple) e interrumpe a la acción más were having dinner (long action)
larga (continuo).
 Afirm.: S+V ‘be’ in past (WAS/WERE) +
verb-ing. ‘I  Acciones en progreso (en realización) en un momento  At midnight we were driving
PASADO was pasado. home.
CONTINU watching TV’
O  Acciones largas e inacabadas  Yesterday I was studying very
Negativa: S+V ‘be’ in past + not + verb- ing: hard all day.
He wasn't working  Queja y monotonía en el pasado.
 He was always telling boring
Pregunta:(Wh?) + V+ ‘be’ in past +S +V- ing?: jokes
What were you doing?
 Para expresar una acción que comenzó en el pasado y  ‘I have been here for two hours’
Afirm.: S+have/has+V_participle termina, continua o tiene cualquier tipo de relación con el  They have sold more than a million
I have seen Mick three times this week presente. snowboards since 1991.
PRESEN .  Cuando no decimos exactamente cuándo una acción
TE Negat.: S+have/has+not+V-participle She ocurrió, normalmente con expresiones tales como: yet,  The postman hasn’t come yet.
PERFEC has not been to New York. always, never, ever, just, already.
TO  Expresiones españolas tales como::
Preg:(Wh?) Have/has+S+V-participle? How Hace una semana que no te veo Acabo  I have not seen you for a week.
long have you worked at Smith's? de llegar a casa  I have just got home.

Afirmativa: Subject + HAD + participle

I had already eaten before they came. She had cooked the lunch (1st action)
PASAD Negativa: Subject + had + not + participle  Para expresar una acción que ocurre before she went to work (2nd action)
O She hadn't (had not) been to Rome before that trip. antes de otra acción en el pasado.
PERFEC Pregunta: (Wh?) Had + subject + participle?
TO Had you ever seen such a crazy lady before that?

Afirm.: Subject+ WILL+ base form of verb + object(s)  Decisiones espontáneas tomadas en  That's difficult! I'll help you with the
FUTURO I will meet you at the airport tomorrow. el momento sobre el futuro. problem.
SIMPLE Negat.: Subject+ will+not base form of verb+object(s)  Predicciones futuras (sin  She won't win the game.
He will not be able to come. evidencias)
Pregunta: (Quest. Word) + will + S+ base form of verb?  Promesas futuras, ofrecimientos,  Will you marry me?
Will they visit us soon? ayudas y sugerencias. I’ll make you a sandwich
Afirm.: S+to be+going to+base form of verb+object(s)  I'm going to study Languages at
He's going to fly to Boston next week.  Decisiones planeadas, hechas antes university next year.
FUTURO CON Negativa: S+to be+not+going to+base form of verb+obj. del momento de habla.  Look at those clouds. It's going to rain.
‘BE GOING TO’ They're not going to invite the Browns.  Predicciones futuras con evidencias I'm going to be a policeman when I grow
Pregunta: ( Wh?)+ to be+S+ going to+base form of verb?  Intenciones futuras up.
Where are you going to stay?