ENGLISH TENSES (TIEMPOS VERBALES)

PRESENT SIMPLE:

Positive/ Affirmative:
SUBJECT + MAIN VERB + COMPLEMENT
Present simple (Infinitive)

Negative:
SUBJECT + Auxiliar DO/ DOES NOT + MAIN VERB + COMPLEMEN
T
Present simple (Infinitive)

Interrogative:
Auxiliar DO/ DOES + SUBJECT + MAIN VERB + COMPLEME ?
NT
Present simple (Infinitive)

 Verbos que acaben en: -o, -sh, -ch, -ss, -x y -z se les debe añadir al final -es en la tercera persona:

To push She pushes To reach He reaches To guess He guesses To fix He fixes

 Verbos que acaben en -y se debe sustituir por -i y añadir -es en la tercera persona.

To fly She flies To try He tries To cry He cries To carry She carries

 Verbos que acaban en -y pero van seguidos de una vocal, sólo se agrega -s (no -es) y sin modificar el verbo,
en la tercera persona.

To play She plays To stay He stays To buy He buys

We use the Present simple tense to talk about:

 General time:
- The action is in general
- The action happens all the time, or habitually, habits…
- The action is not only happening now
- The statement is always true
 Situations Now (for stative verbs)
STATIVE VERBS:
- Thoughts and opinions: agree, believe, doubt, guess, imagine, know, mean, recognise, remember,
suspect, think, understand.
- Feelings and emotions: dislike, hate, like, love, prefer, want, wish.
- Senses and perceptions: appear, be, feel, hear, look, see, seem, smell, taste.
- Possession and measurement: belong, have, measure, own, possess, weigh.
SOMETIMES ARE STATIVE VERBS:
- Have:
I HAVE an old car (state- possession)
I´m HAVING a quick break (action- activity)
- See:
Do you SEE any problems with that? (state- opinion)
We are SEEING Paula tomorrow afternoon (action- meeting him)
- Be:
He's so interesting! (state – his permanent quality)
He's being very unhelpful. (action – he is temporarily behaving this way)
- Taste, agree, appear, doubt, feel, guess, hear, imagine, look, measure, remember, smell, weigh,
wish.
 PRESENT CONTINUOUS:
Positive/ Affirmative:
SUBJECT + VERB TO BE + GERUND (- + COMPLEMENT
ING)
Present simple (Infinitive) Verb in gerund

Negative:
SUBJECT + VERB TO BE + NOT + GERUND (-ING) + COMPLEMENT
Verb in gerund

Interrogative:
VERB TO BE + SUBJECT + GERUND (-ING) + COMPLEME ?
NT
Verb in gerund

 A la hora de conjugar el gerundio (-ing) si el verbo tiene 1 silaba o su acento recae en la ultima silaba y
finaliza en consonante, la consonante será duplicada + ing.
I am running every morning
We are not cutting the apple.
Are you swimming with Mery?

 Algunos verbos finalizados en -e (que no se pronuncia) la -e debe ser remplazada por -ing:
He is dating a friend of my sister. (Verb TO DATE)
You are not taking it seriously. (Verb TO TAKE)
Is he riding a donkey? (Verb TO RIDE)

 Verbos finalizados en -ee, se agrega directamente -ing:

I am seeing you behind the curtains (Verb TO SEE)

 Verbos finalizados en -ie, -ie se reemplaza por la -y, y se añade -ing:

He is lying about what happened (Verb TO LIE)
She is not dying of love. (Verb TO DIE)
Are we tying it well? (Verb TO TIE)

 Existen verbos muy particulares que no pueden conjugarse con el present continuous y se les conoce como
stative verbs o verbos de estado. Aunque hay algunas excepciones:
We use the Present continuous tense to talk about:

 Explicar claramente acciones que suceden en el mismo momento en el que se describen.

He is learning English = Él está aprendiendo inglés

 Plans for the near future (Adelantar hechos, citas, eventos o acciones que ocurrirán en el futuro. Quien habla
debe estar seguro de que ocurrirán)
We are going to the cinema next Friday = Iremos al cine el próximo Viernes
 PRESENT PERFECT:

Se caracteriza por señalar acciones o eventos que sucedieron en tiempo pasado, pero aún son relevantes en el
presente. Aunque nunca se habla de un tiempo específico, el rasgo más importante de su uso es resaltar el tiempo
que transcurre en la acción y qué objetivo ha tenido en ese lapso de tiempo.

We use the Present Perfect to talk about:

o Experience (Experiencias): to talk about experience from the past. We are not interested in when you did
something. We only want to know if you did it. (Para hablar de la experiencia del pasado. No nos interesa
saber cuándo hiciste algo. Sólo queremos saber si lo hiciste)
I have seen an alien.
o Change (cambios o nueva información): I have bought a car.
o Continuing situation (situación continua): This is a state that started in the past and continues in the present
(and will probably continue into the future). This is a situation (not an action). We usually use for or since
with this structure. (Se trata de un estado que comenzó en el pasado y continúa en el presente (y
probablemente continuará en el futuro). Es una situación (no una acción). Normalmente utilizamos para o
desde con esta estructura.)
I have worked here since June.
o Cuando la acción se repite constante o regularmente en el tiempo.
He has won the first place every summer.  Él ha Ganado el primer lugar todos los veranos.
o Cuando el tiempo en el que se efectúa la acción no ha concluido.
I have gone to the library three times a week  He ido a la biblioteca tres veces por semana.
o La acción concluyó recientemente.
I have just received the results  Acabo de recibir los resultados.

For and Since with Present Perfect tense:

 We use for to talk about a period of time: five minutes, two weeks, six years.
 We use since to talk about a point in past time: 9 o'clock, 1st January, Monday

I have been here for twenty minutes.

I have been here since 9 o'clock.

Positive/ Affirmative:
SUBJECT + Auxiliary HAVE + MAIN VERB + COMPLEME
NT
Present simple (HAVE, HAS) Verb in PAST PARTICIPLE (-ed /
irregular)

Negative:
SUBJECT + HAVE + NOT + MAIN VERB + COMPLEMENT
Present simple Verb in Past Participle (-ed/
(HAVE, HAS) irregular)

Interrogative:
HAVE + SUBJECT + MAIN VERB + COMPLEME ?
NT
Present simple (HAVE, Verb in past participle
HAS)

Other adverbs apart from FOR and SINCE:

 Already = Ya
Has he already finished the lesson? = ¿Ya terminó la lección?
 Yet = Todavía / Ya
 I have not won any championship yet = Todavía no he ganado ningún Campeonato
 Just = Apenas
 She has just made the bed? = Ella apenas acaba de hacer la cama
 For = Desde hace / hace
 My grandparents have been together for sixty two years = Mis abuelos han estado juntos durante sesenta y
dos años.
 Since = Desde
 We have been friends since 1999 = Hemos sido amigos desde 1999
 Ever = Alguna vez
 Has he ever cried? = ¿Alguna vez ha llorado?
 PAST SIMPLE:
El past simple expresa situaciones o acciones que se dieron en el pasado, y aunque pueden ser del pasado reciente o
del pasado lejano, su duración no es importante; solo se debe entender que estas ya finalizaron.

Existen algunos casos que tienen expresiones de contexto, que te ayudarán a exponer cuándo se dieron los hechos.
Estas pueden ir al inicio o al final.

PAST SIMPLE with REGULAR VERBS:

 -d es la terminación de los verbos que finalizan en e.

 -ed es la terminación de los verbos que finalizan en consonante o en y.

*REMEMBER! cuando el verbo termina en consonante -y, debes reemplazar la y por la i y luego agregar la
terminación -ed.
STRUCTURE:
Positive/ Affirmative:
SUBJECT + VERB (-d. -ed) + COMPLEME
He lived in London 2 years= Él vivió en Londres 2 años
NT

Negative:
SUBJECT + DID NOT + VERB infinitive + COMPLEME She didn’t finish her degree = Ella no
NT terminó su carrera

Interrogative:
DID + SUBJECT + VERB infinitive + COMPLEME ? Did he call you? = ¿Él te llamó?
NT

PAST SIMPLE with IRREGULAR VERBS:

* Memorise the list of irregular verbs! (memorizar lista de verbos irregulares)
STRUCTURE:
Positive/ Affirmative:
SUBJEC + VERB PAST + COMPLEME He found a diamond on the beach= Él encontró un diamante
T SIMPLE NT en la playa

Negative:
SUBJECT + DID NOT + VERB infinitive + COMPLEME I didn't see the red light = No vi la luz
NT roja

Interrogative:
DID + SUBJECT + VERB infinitive + COMPLEME ? Did they find the treasure? =
NT ¿Encontraron el tesoro?

PAST CONTINUOUS:

El past continuous nos da a conocer situaciones del pasado en las que su duración es relevante y no se dan por
terminadas. La clave para reconocerlo es cuando el verbo principal de la oración tiene la terminación -ing (-ando -
endo en español) y se encuentra acompañado de los verbos auxiliares was o were.

Casos en los que se usa el pasado continuo:

 Cuando una acción interrumpe otra.

Por ejemplo: I was running when the ball hit me = Estaba corriendo cuando la pelota me golpeó.
 Cuando dos o más situaciones ocurren al mismo tiempo.
Por ejemplo: While the children were playing the adults were talking = Mientras los niños estaban jugando
los adultos estaban hablando
 Cuando se agrega contexto o énfasis a determinada acción.
Por ejemplo: In 1918 the English women's suffrage movement was voting for the first time = En 1918 el
movimiento sufragista de las mujeres inglesas estaba votando por primera vez.

STRUCTURE:
Positive/ Affirmative:
SUBJEC + VERB TO BE + Main VERB (-ING) + COMPLEME
T NT
Past simple (Was, Were) Verb in gerund (-ing)

Negative:
 SUBJECT + VERB TO BE + NOT + Main VERB (-ING) + COMPLEMENT
Past simple Verb in gerund (-ing)

Interrogative:
VERB TO BE + SUBJECT + Main Verb (-ING) + COMPLEME ?
NT
Verb in gerund

Past Continuous + Past Simple

Utilizamos el pasado continuo para expresar una acción larga. Y usamos el pasado simple para expresar una acción
corta que ocurre en medio de la acción larga. Podemos unir las dos ideas con WHEN , WHILE or AS.
Example:
- Long action: watching TV  Past continuous
- Short action: telephoned  Past simple
I was watching TV WHEN you telephoned.
WE USE:
 WHEN + SHORT ACTION (Past simple)
 WHILE + LONG ACTION (Past continuous)

AS: Podemos utilizar AS para introducir dos eventos que ocurren al mismo tiempo. Después de AS, podemos utilizar
PAST SIMPLE o PAST CONTINUOUS. PAST CONTINUOUS enfatiza una acción que interrumpe u ocurre durante el
progreso de otra acción.
 As  she walked to the door, she thanked them for a lovely dinner.
(Mientras se dirigía a la puerta, les dio las gracias por una cena encantadora.)
 As  they were signing the contract, they noticed that a page was missing.
(Mientras firmaban el contrato, se dieron cuenta de que faltaba una página.)
COMBINATIONS:

PAST SIMPLE vs. PAST CONTINUOUS:

PAST SIMPLE PAST CONTINUOUS

Cuando se describen acciones que iniciaron y
terminaron en el pasado.
She ran to get the first place = Ella corrió para conseguir
el primer lugar
Cuando una acción ocurre después de otra.
We booked the trip and then got canceled =
Reservamos el viaje y luego nos cancelaron
Cuando se hace énfasis en el tiempo de duración de
una acción del pasado.
She was running to get the first place when she fell =
Ella estaba corriendo para conseguir el primer lugar
cuando se cayó
Cuando dos o más acciones se desarrollan
simultáneamente
We were booking the trip and buying some gifts for our
friends = Estábamos reservando el viaje y comprando
algunos regalos para nuestros amigos.

¡! Recuerda que los verbos de estado o state verbs (aquellos que no indican una acción sino un estado) no suelen
utilizarse en tiempos continuos o progresivos, salvo en estos casos:

 Para indicar una situación temporal.

We were having our first son = Estábamos teniendo nuestro primer hijo.
  Para señalar acciones espontaneas.
I was enjoying my classes = Estaba disfrutando mis clases.
 Para verbos de pensamiento y reflexión.
She was regretting about her wedding = Ella se estaba arrepintiendo de su boda.
 Para el verbo FEEL.
They were feeling bad until their mom arrived = ellos se estaban sintiendo mal hasta que llegó su mamá.

PAST PERFECT SIMPLE:

En este tiempo verbal se describen acciones o situaciones del pasado que ocurren secuencialmente. Expresa una
acción en el pasado antes de otra acción en el pasado. Es el pasado en el pasado.

STRUCTURE:
Positive/ Affirmative:
SUBJEC + Auxiliary HAD + Main VERB + COMPLEME
T NT
In past simple Past participle (- ed / irregular)
She had hidden the dessert before we finished the dinner = Ella había escondido el postre antes de que
termináramos la cena

Negative:
SUBJECT + HAD + NOT + Main VERB in Participle + COMPLEMENT
Past simple Past participle (-ed/ irregular)
She had not hidden the dessert before we finished the dinner = Ella no había escondido el postre antes de que
termináramos la cena

Interrogative:
HAD + SUBJECT + Main Verb + COMPLEME ?
NT
In Past participle (-ed/ irregular)
Had she hidden the dessert before we finished the dinner? = ¿Ella había escondido el postre antes de que termináramos la cena?

FUTURE SIMPLE :

Con este tiempo verbal puedes señalar situaciones o acciones espontáneas que sucederán en el futuro.

USOS de WILL:

 NO PLAN: Usamos el tiempo futuro simple cuando no hay un plan o una decisión de hacer algo antes de
hablar. Tomamos la decisión espontáneamente en el momento de hablar.
We will see what we can do to help you.
A menudo utilizamos el tiempo futuro simple con el verbo to think delante:
I think I will have a holiday next year.
 PREDICTION (PREDICCIÓN): A menudo utilizamos el tiempo futuro simple para hacer una predicción sobre el
futuro. De nuevo, no hay un plan firme. Decimos lo que pensamos que va a pasar.
It Will rain tomorrow.
 BE: Cuando el verbo principal es TO BE, podemos utilizar el tiempo futuro simple incluso si tenemos un plan
o una decisión firme antes de hablar.
I'll be in London tomorrow.

STRUCTURE:
Positive/ Affirmative:
SUBJEC + WILL + Main VERB + COMPLEMENT We will pay for your trip
T = Nosotros pagaremos tu
Auxiliary will Verb in infinitive viaje
Negative:
SUBJECT + WILL + NOT + Main VERB + COMPLEME We will not pay for your trip
NT = Nosotros no pagaremos tu
Auxiliary will Verb in infinitive viaje

Interrogative:
WILL + SUBJECT + Main Verb + COMPLEME ? Will we pay for your trip?
NT = ¿Nosotros pagaremos tu
Verb in viaje?
INFINITIVE

FUTURE SIMPLE (GOING TO)

Este tiempo verbal permite mencionar con certeza situaciones o acciones que ocurrirán en el futuro.

STRUCTURE:
Positive/ Affirmative:
SUBJEC + Verb TO BE + GOING + VERB COMPLEME They are going to study in England
T TO NT
Verb in present In infinitive.
simple

Negative:
SUBJEC + Verb TO BE + + GOING TO VERB + COMPLEME They are not going to
T NOT NT study in England
To BE in present Verb in infinitive

Interrogative:
Verb TO BE in + SUBJEC + GOING TO VER + COMPLEMENT ? Are they going to study in England?
present T B

FUTURE CONTINUOUS:

Este es usado para describir situaciones o acciones que sucederán en el futuro y tendrán cierta duración.

Positive/ Affirmative:
SUBJEC + WILL + BE VERB in GERUND + COMPLEMENT
T
Auxiliary will BE Gerund (-ING)
He will be missing his parents = Él extrañará a sus padres

Negative:
SUBJECT + WILL + NOT + VERB in + COMPLEME He will not be missing you = Él no
GERUND NT te extrañará
Auxiliary will Gerund (-ING)

Interrogative:
WILL + SUBJECT + Verb in GERUND + COMPLEME ? Will he be missing us? =
NT ¿Él nos extrañará a
GERUND (-ING) nosotros?

EXAMPLES:

 I will be playing tennis at 10am tomorrow.

 What will you be doing when I arrive?
 She will not be sleeping when you telephone her.
 THERE IS – THERE ARE:

UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS:

Uncountable nouns are substances, concepts etc that we cannot divide into separate elements. We cannot "count"
them. For example, we cannot count "milk". We can count "bottles of milk" or "litres of milk", but we cannot count
"milk" itself. Some uncountable nouns:

 music, art, love, happiness  rice, sugar, butter, water

 advice, information, news  electricity, gas, power
 furniture, luggage  money, currency

We do not usually use the indefinite article a/an with uncountable nouns. We cannot say "an information" or "a
music". But we can say a "something" of:
- a piece of news
- a bottle of water
- a grain of rice
- a litre of milk

We can use some and any with uncountable nouns: We can use a little and much with uncountable nouns:

I've got some money. I've got a little money.
 Have you got any rice? I haven't got much rice.

Examples of countable and uncountable nouns:

COUNTABLE UNCOUNTABLE COUNTABLE UNCOUNTABLE

Dollar Money Suitcase Luggage
Song Music Battery Electricity
Table Furniture Report Information
Bottle Wine Job Work
Journey Travel

Partitive Structure with Uncountable Nouns:

To count or quantify an uncountable noun we use a unit of measurement - a measure word.

For example, we cannot usually say “two breads” because “bread” is uncountable. So, if we want to specify a
quantity of bread we use a measure word such as “slice” in a structure like: “two slices of bread”. 
Partitive structure Quantity Measure word of Uncountable noun
Two cups of Coffee
Examples: Several games of Tennis
a drop of Water
a Bag of rice
Some items of clothing

Nouns that can be Countable and Uncountable:

COUNTABLE UNCOUNTABLE
There are two hairs in my coffee! HAIR I don´t have much hair.
There are two lights in our bedroom. LIGHT Close the curtain. There's too much light!
Shhhhh! I thought I heard a noise. NOISE It's difficult to work when there is so
There are so many different noises in the much noise.
city.
Have you got a paper to read? (newspaper) PAPER I want to draw a picture. Have you got
Hand me those student papers. some paper?
Our house has seven rooms. ROOM Is there room for me to sit here?
We had a great time at the party. TIME Have you got time for a cup of coffee?
How many times have I told you no?
Macbeth is one of Shakespeare's greatest WORK I have no money. I need work!
works.

ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY:

Adverbs of frequency tell us how often something happen, happened, will happen, etc.

MOST COMMON ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY:

ALWAYS He always does his Siempre

homework.
USUALLY They usually complete the Normalmente
work on time.
OFTEN I often watch movies A menudo
online
SOMETIMES Jack sometimes eats A veces
 vegetables.
OCCASIONALLY She occasionally asks a Ocasionalmente
question.
RARELY They rarely have any Raramente
homework.
NEVER I never complain at work. Nunca

Where Do They Appear in the Sentence? Word order:

1) IN A SENTENCE WITH ONE VERB: after the subject and before the verb.
Subject Adverb Verb Predicate

 Tom usually goes to work by car.

 Mary often asks me for help.

2) USUALLY AFTER THE VERB BE: The adverb usually comes after the verb "be":
Subject Verb Adverb Predicate

 Tom is often late.

 Anne isn´t usually sick.
 Peter isn´t always right.
3) IN A SENTENCE WITH MORE THAN ONE VERB: If the sentence has more than one verb in it, we usually put
the adverb after the first part of the verb:
Modal verb/
Subject Adverb Main verb Predicate
auxiliary

 I can never remember his name.

 Anne doesn´t usually smoke.
 The children have often complained about the playground.

EXCEPTION! In sentences with "have to" the adverb is in position 1:

Subject Adverb Have to Main verb Predicate

4) WHEN USING FOR EMPHASIS: For emphasis, we can put the adverb at the beginning or end of the sentence.
(At the end is unusual).
Adverb Subject Main Verb Predicate

 Sometimes we go to school by bus.

 Often he waits for her after class.
 Usually, Peter arrives early for work.

Subject Main Verb Predicate Adverb

 We go to school by bus sometimes.

 They like to watch TV often.

EXCEPTION! Always can´t go at the beginning or end of the sentence.

5) In QUESTION FORM: When using adverbs of frequency in the question form, put the adverb before the main
verb.
 Auxiliary
Subject Adverb Main verb Predicate
verb

 Do you often go to the cinema?

 Did he sometimes leave the classroom?
 Do they usually come late to class?

EXCEPTION! "Never", "rarely" and other adverbs of frequency with a negative sense are not usually used in the
question form.

6) IN NEGATIVE FORM: When using adverbs of frequency in the negative form, put the adverb before the main
verb.
Subject Helping verb Adverb Main verb Predicate

 They don´t often go to the cinema.

 She doesn´t usually wait for an answer.
 Peter doesn´t normally want to come with us.

EXCEPTION! "Never", "rarely" and other adverbs of frequency with a negative sense are not usually used in the
negative form.

QUESTION WORDS:

We use the question words:

- WHO (for people)  pedir información sobre la identidad de una persona.

Who is that boy/ Who is the youngest?

- WHAT  (for things or people) pedir información sobre la naturaleza o identidad de una cosa u objeto.
What does this mean? / What is the meaning of your name? / What colour are her eyes? / What size are
you?
- WHAT + Auxiliary verb + subject + look like?  para saber cómo es una persona físicamente
What does your sister look like? She is tall, blonde and has blue eyes.
- WHAT + To Be + subject + like?
Cuando queremos preguntar por el carácter o personalidad de una persona.
What is your mother like? She is funny but strict.
Cuando queremos describir lugares, objetos, el tiempo.
What was the weather like yesterday? It was sunny but windy.

- WHEN  (for time)  para preguntar en qué momento o período temporal tiene lugar un acontecimiento.
When do I start the holidays? / When do you finish classes?

- WHERE  (for places)  para preguntar en qué lugar ocurre la acción.

Where is your car? / Where is the bus station?

- WHY  (for reasons)  para pedir información acerca de la causa o razón de ser de alguna cosa.
 Why are you so happy? / Why can´t we swim?

- HOW (for more details).  Para preguntar "de qué manera" se lleva a cabo una acción. También se utiliza para
averiguar el estado de ánimo o la salud de las personas y animales y también como una manera de saludar a
alguien.
How do you cook sushi? / How are you?
- HOW + adjective  Preguntar por el grado de una cualidad
How Deep is the ocean? / How big is a plane? / How fast can you run? / How heavy is this box? / How far is the
river?
- WHOSE ( de quién)  para saber a qué persona pertenece una cosa.
Whose is that pencil? / Whose are the trousers?

- WHICH (cuál, qué)  para preguntar acerca de un número limitado de posibilidades entre las cuales escoger.
Which season is your favourite? / Which of these actors do you prefer?


We usually form questions by putting an auxiliary verb, or a modal verb, before the subject.
STRUCTURE: QW + auxiliar + sujeto + verbo + (complemento)
- Does it suit me?
- Has mum called?
- Can you get the tea?
- Shall I pass you to Oliver?
 When the verb 'to be' is the main verb, we don’t use auxiliary verbs.
QW + to be + sujeto + (complemento)
- Is Oliver there?
- Was it Good?

*AUXILIARY VERBS:

Estos verbos suelen acompañar al verbo principal, de forma similar a los verbos modales. Sin embargo, en algunas
situaciones, los verbos auxiliares pueden ir solos. Un verbo auxiliar funciona dentro de la frase para que tenga
sentido para el oyente o el lector. Los verbos auxiliares tienen que conjugarse según el tiempo verbal.

Los verbos auxiliares más utilizados son los siguientes: BE, DO, HAVE.

Examples:

AUXILIARY BE: AUXILIARY DO: AUXILIARY HAVE:

I am leaving now. I don´t like her I have already watched it.
They were waiting for you. Did he find the key? Have you been there?

*MODAL VERBS:

Los verbos modales se utilizan para hacer peticiones, pedir permiso, hablar de capacidad y también para hablar de
posibilidades. La especialidad de los verbos modales es que son capaces de expresar el estado de ánimo y el tiempo.
Los verbos modales no tienen que ser conjugados.

Los verbos modales más utilizados son los siguientes:

Can Shall Should

Could Will Ought to
May Would Need
You  can  win the match if you try. Will it be possible for me to You should have asked me about it.
Can  I borrow your pen? reschedule? You ought to tell him the truth
before he finds out.
 SUBJECT / OBJECT QUESTIONS

 Subject Questions: You want to know WHO/WHAT does something.

Who ate my chocolates?
 Object Questions: You want to know WHAT someone did or WHO they did it to.
Mery ate chocolates  WHAT did Mery eat?

Object questions need an auxiliary verb (do, be, have ...) before the subject, and a main verb (do, doing, done ...)
after it.

Who were you talking to yesterday? (Answer: I was talking to my boss)

Questions with when, where, why and other question words (what time, how long, how many ...) work in the same
way as object questions.