12 Tenses With Definations and Exercises

Qiyam English language and
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English 12 Tenses
With Pashto Meaning and exercises

‫ زماني‬۱۲ ‫آنګریزی‬
‫د پښـــــــــــتو معنا او تمرینونو سره‬
Name: _____________________________
Class: ______________________________
Prepared by: Abdul Bari (Khaliqi)
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Tense ‫زمانه‬
Tense is the form of a verb which shows the time of an action or state.
.‫زمانه د فعل شکل دي کم چی د یو عمل وخت یا حالت شوي‬
Ahmad went to school yesterday. (Past tense))‫احمد تیره ورځ ښونځۍ ته والړي (ت زمانه‬
I go to school every day. (Present tense))‫(حال زمانه‬.‫زه هره ورځ ښونځۍ ته زم‬
Ahmad will go to school tomorrow.(Future tense))‫احمد به ښونځۍ ته والړ سي(راتلونکی‬
Tenses according to their types are divided into three parts.
.‫زمانې د هغوي د نوعي په پرتله پر درو برخو ویشل سوي دي‬
1. Simple tenses ‫ساده زماني‬
 Simple present tense ‫حال ساده زمانه‬
 Simple past tense‫تیره ساده زمانه‬
 Simple future tense‫راتلونکی ساده زمانه‬
2. Perfect tenses‫بشپړه (مکمله) زماني‬
 Present perfect tense ‫حال مکمله زمانه‬
 Past perfect tense‫تیره مکمله زمانه‬
 Future perfect tense‫راتلونکی مکمله زمانه‬
3. Progressive (Continuous)‫جاری زماني‬
 Present continuous tense‫حال جاری زمانه‬
 Past continuous tense‫تیره جاری زمانه‬
 Future continuous tense‫راتلونکی جاری زمانه‬
 Present perfect continuous tense‫حال مکمله جاری زمانه‬
 Past perfect continuous tense‫تیره مکمله جاری زمانه‬
 Future perfect continuous tense‫راتلونکی مکمله جاری زمانه‬
 We can know a tense by the form of a verb
 Present tense 1st form of the verb ‫ساده زمانه اول شکل د فعل‬
1|Page Prepared by: Abdul Bari (Khaliqi)

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 We learn tenses on Wednesday‫موږ د چهارشنبي په ورځ زماني زدکوه‬

 Past tense 2nd form of the verb ‫تیره زمانه دوهم حالت د فعل پکشي استعمالیږي‬
 I wrote the homework.‫ما کورنۍ دنده ولیکل‬.
 Future tense will/shall /be going to use with 1st form of verb
 I will write homework tomorrow. ‫زه به کورنۍ دنده ولیکم سبا‬.
 Continues tenses ing form of the verb ‫جاري زماني آی این جي شکل د فعل‬
 Ahmad is playing football.‫احمد د فوټبال لوبه کوي‬.
 Perfect tenses 3rd form of the verb‫په مکمله زمانو کي د فعل دریم حالت‬
 I have seen Ahmad. ‫ما احمد لیدلی دي‬.

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Simple present tense (‫)حال ساده زمانه‬

It shows an action which we do regularly or habitually.
‫دا هغه عمل شوی کم چي موږ په منظم ډول یا عدتن کوه‬.
Helping verbs (‫)کومکي فعلونه‬ Do/Dose

Action structure (‫ )فورمول‬S+V+C I, You, We, They S+V-S-ES-IES+C He, She, It
Positive EX: Ahmad plays football every day.‫ احمد هره ورځ فوټبال کوي‬:‫مثال‬.
Negative Ex: Ahmad does not play football every day.
‫ احمد هره ورځ فوټبال نه کوي‬:‫مثال‬.
Interrogative Ex: Does Ahmad play football every day?
‫ آیا احمد هره ورځ فوټبال کوي؟‬:‫مثال‬
Negative interrogative Ex: Does Ahmad not play football every day?
‫ آیا احمد هره ورځ فوټبال نه کوي؟‬:‫مثال‬
Informal negative interrogative Ex: Does not Ahmad play football every day?
‫ آیا نه کوي احمد هره ورځ فوټبال ؟‬:‫مثال‬
State Structure (‫ )د حالت فورمول‬S+tobe+C

Positive Ex: Ahmad is a student. ‫احمد یو زدکونکی دي‬.
Negative Ex: Ahmad is not a student‫احمد یو زدکونکی نه دي‬. .
Interrogative Ex: Is Ahmad a student?‫آیا احمد یو زدکونکی دي؟‬
Negative interrogative Ex: Is Ahmad not a student‫آیا احمد یو زدکونکی نه دي؟‬
Informal negative I Ex: Is not Ahmad a student? ‫آیا نه دی احمد یو زدکونکی ؟‬
Property structure (‫)د ملکیت فورمول‬ S+have/has+C

Positive Ex: I have a car. ‫زه يو مټر لرم‬.
Negative Ex: I do not have a car. ‫زه يو مټر نه لرم‬.
Interrogative Ex: Do I have a car? ‫آیا زه یو مټر لرم؟‬
Negative interrogative Ex: Do I not have a car? ‫آیا زه نه لرم یو مټر ؟‬
Informal negative interrogative Ex: Do not I have a car?‫آیا نه لرم زه یو مټر ؟‬
Exercise
Action EX: Ahmad has a book. Negative form: Ahmad doesn’t have a book.
State EX: Ahmad does work. Negative form: Ahmad does not do work.
Property EX:

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Simple present tense definition:
Action structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
Negative interrogative EX:
Informal negative interrogative EX:
State structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
Property structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
The simple present tense exercise

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Simple Past tense‫تیره ساده زمانه‬

It shows an action which is completed in the past in a clear time.
‫دا هغه عمل شوی کم چي په تیر معلوم وخت کي تر سره سوی وي‬.
Helping verb (‫ )کومکی فعل‬Did
Action structure ‫ د فعل فورمول‬/ S+V2+C
Positive EX: Ahmad played football yesterday. ‫احمد تیره ورځ فوټبال وکړی‬.
Negative Ex: Ahmad did not play football yesterday.‫احمد تیره ورځ فوټبال نه وکړی‬.
Interrogative Ex: Did Ahmad play football yesterday?‫آیا احمد تیره ورځ فوټبال وکړی؟‬
N.I Ex: Did Ahmad not play football yesterday? ‫آیا احمد تیره ورځ فوټبال نه‬
‫وکړی؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Did not Ahmad play football yesterday? ‫آیا نه وکړی احمد تیره ورځ‬
‫فوټبال؟‬
State Structure/ ‫ د حالت فورمول‬S+Was/Were+C

Positive EX: Ahmad was a student last year. ‫احمد یو زدکونکی وه تیر کال‬.
Negative Ex: Ahmad was not a student‫احمد یو زدکونکی نه وه تیر کال‬. .
Interrogative Ex: Was Ahmad a student?‫آیا احمد یو زدکونکی وه تیر کال؟‬
Negative. I Ex: Was Ahmad not a student? ‫آیا احمد یو زدکونکی نه وه تیر کال‬
I.N.I Ex: Was not Ahmad a student?‫آیا نه وه احمد یو زدکونکی تیر کال؟‬
Property structure ‫ د ملکیت فورمول‬S+had+C

Positive EX: Ahmad had a car last year.‫احمد یو مټر درلودی تیر کال‬.
Negative Ex: Ahmad did not have a car last year.‫احمد یو متر نه درلودی تیر کال‬.
Interrogative Ex: Did Ahmad have a car last year? ‫آیا احمد یو متر درلودی تیر کال؟‬
Negative. I Ex: Did Ahmad not have a car last year?‫آیا احمد یو متر نه درلودی تیر کال؟‬
Interr. N.I Ex: Did not Ahmad have a car last year?‫آیا نه درلودی احمد یو متر تير کال؟‬
Exercise
Action EX:
Action EX:
State EX:
State EX:
Property EX:

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Property EX:
Simple past tense definition:
Action structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
State structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
Property structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
The simple past tense exercise

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Simple Future tense (‫)راتلونکی ساده زمانه‬

It shows an action which will happen in the future.
‫دا هغه عمل شوی کم چی په راتلوکی کی پیش سی‬.
Helping verbs (‫ )کومکي فعلونه‬Will/Shall
Action structure ‫ د فعل فورمول‬S+will/shsll+V+C
Positive EX: Ahmad will buy a pen tomorrow.‫احمد به سبا یو قلم رانیسي‬.
Negative Ex: Ahmad will not buy a pen tomorrow. ‫احمد به سبا یو قلم نه رانیسي‬.
Interrogative Ex: Will Ahmad buy a pen tomorrow? ‫آیا احمد سبا یو قلم رانیسي؟‬
N.I Ex: Will Ahmad not buy a pen tomorrow? ‫آیا احمد سبا یو قلم نه رانیسي؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Will not Ahmad buy a pen tomorrow? ‫آیا نه رانیسي احمد یو قلم سبا؟‬
State Structure ‫ د حالت فورمول‬S+will/shall+be+C

Positive EX: Navid will be a teacher next year. ‫نوید به یو استاد وی راتلونکی کال‬.
Negative Ex: Navid will not be a teacher next year. ‫نوید به یو استاد نه وی راتلونکی‬
‫کال‬.
I Ex: Will Navid be a teacher next year? ‫آیا نوید به یو استاد وی راتلونکی‬
‫کال؟‬
N.I Ex: Will Navid not be a teacher next year? ‫آیا نوید به نه وی یو استاد راتلونکی‬
‫کال؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Will not Navid be a teacher next year? ‫آیا نه به وی نوید یو استاد راتلونکی کال؟‬
Property structure ‫ د ملکیت فورمول‬S+will/shall+have+C

Positive EX: We will have a car on Friday. ‫موږ به یو مټر ولرو د جمعی په ورځ‬.
Negative Ex: We will not have a car on Friday. ‫موږ به یو مټرنه ولرو د جمعی په ورځ‬.
Interrogative Ex: Will we have a car on Friday?‫آیا موږ به یو مټر ولرو د جمعی په ورځ؟‬
N.I Ex: Will we not have a car on Friday?‫آیا موږ به یو مټر نه ولرو د جمعی په ورځ؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Will not we have a car on Friday?‫آیا نه به ولرو موږ یو مټر د جمعی په ورځ؟‬
Exercise
Action EX:
Action EX:
State EX:
State EX:
Property EX:

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Property EX:
The simple future tense exercise

Simple future tense definition:
Action structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
State structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
Property structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:

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The Simple future tense going to structure

‫دا فورمول دهغه کار لپاره استعمالږي چی ډیر ژر یی کوه او ختمن يي کوه‬.
Helping verbs (‫ )کومکي فعلونه‬Tobe (is am are)

Action structure ‫ د فعل فورمول‬S+tobe+going to+V+C
P EX: He is going to write homework at noon.‫دی به کورنۍ دنده ولیکي په غرمه کي‬.
N Ex: He is not going to write homework at noon. . ‫دی به کورنۍ دنده نه ولیکي په غرمه‬
‫کي‬
I Ex: Is he going to write homework now?‫آیا دی به کورنۍ دنده ولیکي په غرمه کي؟‬
N.I Ex: Is he not going to write homework noon? ‫آیا دی به کورنۍ دنده نه ولیکي په غرمه‬
‫کي؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Is not he going to write homework noon? ‫آیا نه به ولیکي دی کورنۍ دنده په غرمه کي؟‬
State Structure ‫ د حالت فورمول‬S+tobe+going to+be+C

Positive EX: He is going to be in Kabul tonight.‫دی به په کابل کی وی نن شپه‬.
Negative Ex: He is not going to be in Kabul tonight. ‫دی به نه وی په کابل کی نن شپه‬.
Interrogative Ex: Is he going to be in Kabul tonight? ‫آیا دی به په کابل کی وی نن شپه؟‬
N.I Ex: Is he not going to be in Kabul tonight?‫آیا دی به نه وی په کابل کی نن شپه؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Is not he going to be in Kabul tonight? ‫آیا نه به وی دی په کابل کی نن شپه؟‬
Property structure ‫ د ملکیت فورمول‬S+tobe+going to+have+C

Positive EX: We are going to have a TV tomorrow.‫موږ به ولرو یو تلویزون سبا ورځ‬.
Negative Ex: We are not going to have a TV tomorrow. ‫موږ به نه ولرو یوتلویزون سبا‬
‫ورځ‬.
Interrogative Ex: Are we going to have a TV tomorrow? ‫آیا موږ به ولرو یو تلویزون سبا ورځ؟‬
N.I Ex: Are we not going to have a TV tomorrow ‫آیا موږ به نه ولرو یو تلویزون سبا‬
‫ورځ؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Are not we going to have a TV tomorrow? ‫آیا نه به ولرو موږیو تلویزون سبا ورځ؟‬
Exercise
Action EX:
Action EX:
State EX:

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State EX:
Property EX:
Property EX:
The simple future tense going to structure exercise

Simple future tense definition:
Action structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
State structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
Property structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
10 | P a g e Prepared by: Abdul Bari (Khaliqi)

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Present continuous tense (‫)حال جاري زمانه‬

It shows an action which is going now.
‫دا هغه کار شوي چي اوس جيریان ولري‬.
Action structure ‫ د فعل فورمول‬S+tobe+V-ing+C
Positive EX: Ahmad is playing football now.‫احمد د فوټبال لوبه کوي اوس‬.
Negative Ex: Ahmad is not playing football no . ‫احمد د فوټبال لوبه نه کوي اوس‬.
Interrogative Ex: Is Ahmad playing football now?‫آیا احمد د فوټبال لوبه کوي اوس؟‬
N.I Ex: Is Ahmad not playing football now? ‫آیا احمد د فوټبال لوبه نه کوي اوس؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Is not Ahmad playing football now? ‫آیا نه کوي احمد د فوټبال لوبه اوس؟‬
State Structure ‫ د حالت فورمول‬S+tobe+V-ing+C

Positive Ex: He is being stupid today.‫دی نن ورځ بی عقل دی‬.
Negative Ex: He is not being stupid today‫دی نن ورځ بی عقل نه دی‬.
Interrogative Ex: Is he being stupid today?‫آیا دی نن ورځ بی عقل دی؟‬
N.I Ex: Is he not being stupid today?‫آیا دی نن ورځ بی عقل نه دی؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Isn’t he being stupid today?‫آیا نه دي نن ورځ دی بی عقل؟‬
Property structure ‫ د ملکیت فورمول‬S+tobe+V-ing+C

Positive EX: Ahmad is having a pen now. ‫احمد یو قلم لري اوس‬.
Negative Ex: Ahmad is not having a pen now‫احمد یو قلم نه لري اوس‬.
Interrogative Ex: Is Ahmad having a pen now?‫آیا احمد یو قلم لري اوس؟‬
N.I Ex: Is Ahmad not having a pen now?‫آیا احمد یو قلم نه لري اوس؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Is not Ahmad having a pen now ‫ه لـــري احمـــد یـــو قلم اوس؟‬222‫ا ن‬222‫آی‬
.
Exercise
Action EX:
Action EX:
State EX:
State EX:
Property EX:

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Property EX:
The present continuous tense exercise

Present continuous tense definition:
Action structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
State structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
Property structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:

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Past Continuous Tense (‫)تیره جاري زمانه‬

It shows an action which was going in the past when another action happened.
‫دا هغه کار شوی چی په تیر وخت کي جریان ولري او بل عمل باندي وا قع سي‬.
Helping verbs (‫ )کومکي فعلونه‬Tobe 2 (Was were)
Action structure ‫ د فعل فورمول‬S+Was Were+V-ing+C
Positive EX: Ahmad was cleaning the room, when Naveed came.‫د‬22‫احمد کوټه پاکول کله چي نوی‬
‫راغلی‬.
Negative Ex: Ahmad was not cleaning the room.‫د‬22‫ه چي نوی‬22‫احمد کوټه نه پاکول کل‬
‫راغلی‬.
Interrogative Ex: Was Ahmad cleaning the room? ‫د‬2‫ه چي نوی‬2‫آیا احمد کوټه پاکول کل‬
‫راغلی‬
N.I Ex: Was Ahmad not cleaning the room?‫آیا احمد کوټه نه پاکول کله چي نوید راغلی؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Was not Ahmad cleaning the room?‫د‬22‫ه چي نوی‬22‫آیا نه پاکول احمد کوټــه کل‬
‫راغلی؟‬
State Structure ‫ د حالت فورمول‬S+tobe 2+being+C
Positive EX: We were being students, when he was a teacher.
.‫موږ د شاګر دي په حال کي وه کله چي دی یو ښونکۍ وه‬
Negative Ex: We were not being students. .‫موږ د شاګر دي په حال کي نه وه‬
Interrogative Ex: Were we being students?‫آیا موږ د شاګر دي په حال کي وه‬.
N.I Ex: Were we not being students?‫آیا موږ د شاګر دي په حال کي نه وه‬.
I.N.I Ex: Were not we being students?‫آیا نه وه موږ د شاګر دي په حال کي‬.
Exercise
Action EX:
Action EX:
State EX:
State EX:
Property EX:
Property EX:
Property structure ‫ د ملکیت فورمول‬S+ tobe 2+having+C

Positive EX: I was having a car, when he was nurse.‫ما یو مټر درلودی کله چی دی نرس‬

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‫وه‬.
Negative Ex: I was having a car when he was nurse‫ما یو مټرنه درلودی کله چی دی نرس وه‬. .
Int Ex: was I having a car, when he was nurse?‫آيا ما یو مټر درلودی کله چی دی نرس وه؟‬
N.I Ex: Was I not having a car, when he was nurse?‫آيا ما یو مټر نه درلودی کله چی دی نرس وه؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Was not I having a car, when he was nurse?‫آيا نه درلودی ما یو مټر کله چی دی نرس وه؟‬

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The past continuous tense exercise

past continuous tense definition:
Action structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
State structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
Property structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:

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Future continuous tense (‫)راتلونکی جاري زمانه‬

It shows an action which will be going on in the future.
‫دا هغه کار شوي چي په راتلونکی جيریان ولري‬.
Helping verbs (‫ )کومکي فعلونه‬will be/shall be
Action structure ‫ د فعل فورمول‬S+will/shall+be+V-ing+C
Positive EX: Ahmad will be flying kite on Friday.‫احمد به کاغزباد په هوا کوي‬.
Negative Ex: Ahmad will not be flying kite on Friday. ‫احمد به کاغزباد نه په هوا کوي‬.
Interrogative Ex: Will Ahmad be flying kite on Friday?‫آیا احمد به کاغزباد په هوا کوي؟‬
N.I Ex: Will Ahmad not be flying kite on Friday?‫آیا احمد به کاغزباد نه په هوا کوي؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Won’t Ahmad be flying kite on Friday?‫آیا نه په هوا کوي احمد کاغزباد ؟‬
State Structure ‫ د حالت فورمول‬S+will/shall+be+being+C

Positive EX: Naveed will be being in the park.‫نوید به په پارک کي وي‬.
Negative Ex: Naveed will not be being in the park.‫نوید به په پارک کي نه وي‬.
Interrogative Ex: Will Naveed be being in the park?‫آیا نوید به په پارک کي وي؟‬
N.I Ex: Will Naveed not be being in the park‫آیا نوید به په پارک کي نه وي؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Won’t Naveed be being in the park?‫آیا نه به وي نوید په پارک کي؟‬
Property structure ‫ د ملکیت فورمول‬S+will/shall+be+V-ing+C

Positive EX: He will be having a car on Saturday. ‫دی به یو مټر لری د شنبي په ورځ‬.
Negative Ex: He will not be having a car on Friday‫دی به یو مټر نه لری د شنبي په ورځ‬.
Interrogative Ex: Will he be having a car on Friday?‫آیا دی به یو مټر لری د شنبي په ورځ؟‬
N.I Ex: Will he not be having a car on Friday? ‫آیا دی به یو مټر نه لری د شنبي په ورځ؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Will not he be having a car on Friday? ‫آیا نه به لری دی یو مټر د شنبي په ورځ؟‬
Exercise
Action EX: Ahmad will be flying kite, while I will be watching TV.
Action EX:
State EX: Naveed will be being in the park, while I will be watching TV.
State EX:
Property EX: Ahmad will be having a car, when I will be being in Kabul.
Property EX:

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The future continuous tense exercise

Future continuous tense definition:
Action structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
State structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
Property structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
Future continuous tense going to structure

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(‫)راتلونکی جاري زمانی ګوینګ ټو فورمول‬

Action structure ‫ د فعل فورمول‬S+tobe+going to+be+V-ing+C
Positive EX: Ahmad is going to be studying tonight. ‫احمد به نن شپه مطالعه کوي‬.
Negative Ex: Ahmad is not going to be studying tonight ‫احمد به نن شپه مطالعه نه‬
‫کوي‬.
Interrogative Ex: Is Ahmad going to be studying tonight? ‫آیا احمد به نن شپه مطالعه‬
‫کوي‬
N.I Ex: Is Ahmad not going to be studying tonight?‫آیا احمد به نن شپه مطالعه نه کوي؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Is not Ahmad going to be studying tonight?‫آیا نه به کوي احمد نن شپه مطالعه؟‬
State Structure‫ د حالت فورمول‬S+tobe+going to+be+being+C

Positive EX: We are going to be being in class.‫موږ به په صنف کي يو‬.
Negative Ex: We are not going to be being in class.‫موږ به په صنف کي نه يو‬.
Interrogative Ex: Are we going to be being in class?‫آیا موږ به په صنف کي يو؟‬
N.I Ex: Are we not going to be being in class?‫آیا موږ به په صنف کي نه يو؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Arn’t we going to be being in class?‫آیا نه به يو موږ په صنف کي؟‬
Exercise
Action EX: Ahmad is going to be studying tonight, while I am going to be writing homework.
Action EX:
State EX: He is going to be being in the class, when I am in the home.
State EX:
Property EX:
Property EX:
Property structure ‫ د ملکیت فورمول‬S+tobe+going to+be+having+C

Positive EX: She is going to be having a Job tomorrow.‫دا به سبا یو وظیفه لری‬.
Negative Ex: She is not going to be having a Job tomorrow. ‫دا به سبا یو وظیفه نه‬
‫لری‬.
Interrogative Ex: Is she going to be having a Job tomorrow? ‫آیا دا به سبا یو وظیفه‬
‫لری؟‬
N.I Ex: Is she not going to be having a Job tomorrow?‫آیا دا به سبا یو وظیفه نه لری؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Isn’t she going to be having a Job tomorrow?‫آیا نه به لری دا سبا یو وظیفه؟‬

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The future continuous tense going to structure exercise

Future Continuous tense definition:
Action structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
State structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
Property structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
Past Perfect Tense‫تیره مکمله زمانه‬

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It shows an action which is completed in the past before another

action.
‫دا هغه عمل شوی کم چي په تیر وخت کي تر سره سوی وي مخکي له یو بل عمل څخه‬.
Helping verb (‫ )کومکی فعل‬Had
Action structure ‫ د فعل فورمول‬S+had+V3+C
Positive EX: Ahmad had seen Kabul, before he went to Herat. ‫ مخکی له دی چی دی هرات ته‬،‫احمد کابل لیدلی وه‬
‫والړی‬.
Negative Ex: Ahmad had not seen Kabul. ‫مخکی له دی چی دی هرات ته‬ ،‫احمد کابل نه وه لیدلی‬
‫والړی‬.
Interrogative Ex: Had Ahmad seen Kabul?‫آیا احمد کابل لیدلی وه؟‬
N.I Ex: Had Ahmad not seen Kabul‫آیا احمد کابل نه وه لیدلی؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Had not Ahmad seen Kabul?‫آیا نه وه لیدلی احمد کابل؟‬
State Structure ‫د حالت فورمول‬ S+had+been+C

Positive EX: Ahmad had been in school, when I came to home. ‫ کله چي زه کور ته راغلم‬،‫احمد په کور کی وه‬.
Negative Ex: Ahmad had not been in school. ‫احمد په کور کی نه وه‬.
Interrogative Ex: Had Ahmad been in school? ‫آیا احمد په کور کی وه؟‬
Negative. I Ex: Had Ahmad not been in school? ‫آیا احمد په کور کی نه وه؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Had not Ahmad been in school?‫آیا نه وه احمد په کور کی؟‬
Property structure ‫ د ملکیت فورمول‬S+had+had+C

Positive EX: Ahmad had had a car, while I bought a car.‫ هغه وخت چي ما یو مـټر‬،‫احمد یو مټر درلودی‬
‫رانیوي‬.
Negative Ex: Ahmad had not had a car. ‫ هغــه وخت چي مــا یـو‬،‫ه درلـودی‬22‫احمد یـو مــټر ن‬
‫مټررانیوي‬.
Interrogative Ex: Had Ahmad had a car?‫آیا احمد یو مټر درلودی؟‬
N.I Ex: Had Ahmad not had a car?‫آیا احمد یو مټر نه درلودی؟‬
I. N.I Ex: Had not Ahmad had a car? ‫آیا نه درلودی احمد یو مټر؟‬
Exercise
Action EX: He had cut the trees, while I came to garden.
Action EX:
State EX:
State EX:
Property EX:

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Property EX:

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The past perfect tense exercise

Past perfect tense definition:
Action structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
State structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
Property structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
Present Perfect Tense‫حال مکمله زمانه‬

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It shows an action which is completed in the past in unclear time.

‫دا هغه عمل شوی کم چي په تیر نا معلوم وخت کي تر سره سوی وي‬.
Helping verb (‫ )کومکی فعل‬Have/Has
Action structure ‫ د فعل فورمول‬S+have/has+V3+C
Positive EX: Qahir has gone to Center.‫قاهر سنټر ته تللی دي‬.
Negative Ex: Qahir has not gone to Center ‫قاهر سنټر ته نه دی تللی‬.
Interrogative Ex: Has Qahir gone to Center?‫آیا قاهر سنټر ته تللی دی؟‬
N.I Ex: Has Qahir not gone to Center?‫آیا قاهر سنټر ته نه دي تللی؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Has not Qahir gone to Center?‫آیا نه دی تللی قاهر سنټر ته؟‬
State Structure‫ د حالت فورمول‬S+have/has+been+C

Positive EX: We have been in the home.‫موږ په کور کي وه‬.
Negative Ex: We have not been in the home.‫موږ په کور کي نه وه‬.
Interrogative Ex: Have we been in the home?‫آیا موږ په کور کي وه؟‬
N.I Ex: Have we not been in the home?‫آیا موږ په کور کي نه وه؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Havn’t we been in the home?‫آیا نه وه موږ په کور کي؟‬
Property structure ‫ د ملکیت فورمول‬S+have/has+had+C

Positive EX: He has had a phone.‫ده یو تلیفون درلودی‬.
Negative Ex: He has not had a phone.‫ده یو تلیفون نه درلودی‬.
Interrogative Ex: Has he had a phone?‫آیا ده یو تلیفون درلودی؟‬
N.I Ex: Has he not had a phone?‫آیا ده یو تلیفون نه درلودی؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Has not he had a phone?‫آیا نه درلو دی ده يو تلیفون؟‬
Since and For Exercise

Action EX: Ahmad has studied in Kandahar for 3 years.
Action EX: We have been in Kabul since 2022.
Note: Simple present tense and Present perfect tense have connection
between them. For example: Ahmad has washed the car. In the present the car
is clean.
EX: I have lost the key, Now I can’t enter to the room.
Property EX:
The present perfect tense exercise

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Present perfect tense definition:
Action structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
State structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
Property structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
Future Perfect Tense‫راتلونکی مکمله زمانه‬

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It shows an action which will have happened in the future before

another action happens.
‫ مخکي له یو بل عمل له واقیدو څخه‬،‫دا هغه عمل شوی کم چي په راتلونکي وخت کي تر سره سوي وي‬.
Helping verb (‫ )کومکی فعل‬Will have/Shall have
Action structure ‫ د فعل فورمول‬S+will/shall+have+V3+C
Positive EX: We will have cooked the dinner, before he comes to home.
‫ مخکي چي دي‬،‫موږ به د ماښام ډوډۍ پخه کړي وي‬
‫راسي‬.
Negative Ex: We will not have cooked the dinner. ‫موږ به د ماښام ډوډۍ نه وي پخـه‬
‫کړي‬.
Interrogative Ex: Will we have cooked the dinner? ‫آيا موږ به د ماښام ډوډۍ پخه کړ‬
‫وي؟‬
N.I Ex: Will we not have cooked the dinner?‫آيا موږ به د ماښام ډوډۍ نه وي پخه کړي؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Will not we have cooked the dinner?‫آیا نه به وي موږ پخه کړي د ماښام ډوډۍ؟‬
State Structure/ ‫د حالت فورمول‬ S+will/shall+have+been+C

Positive EX: They will have been Doctors, while he is in the University.
‫ په هغه وخت چی دی په پوهنتون کي‬،‫دوي به ډاکټران سوي وي‬
‫وي‬.
Negative Ex: They will not have been Doctors.‫دوي به ډاکټران سوي نه وي‬.
Interrogative Ex: Will they have been Doctors?‫آيا دوي به ډاکټران سوي وي؟‬
N.I Ex: Will they not have been Doctors?‫آيا دوي به ډاکټران سوي نه وي؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Will not they have been Doctors?‫آيا نه به وي دوي ډاکټران سوي؟‬
Property structure/‫ د ملکیت فورمول‬S+will/shall+have+had+C

EX: I will have had a car, before they buy a car.‫ مخکي چي دوي رانیسي یو مټر‬،‫زه به ولرم یو مټر‬.
Negative Ex: I will not have had a car.‫ مخکي چي دوي رانیسي یو مټر‬،‫زه به نه ولرم یو مټر‬.
Interrogative Ex: Will I have had a car?‫ مخکي چي دوي رانیسي یو مټر؟‬،‫آیا زه به ولرم یو مټر‬
N.I Ex: Will I not have had a car?‫ مخکي چي دوي رانیسي یو مټر؟‬،‫آیا زه به نه ولرم یو مټر‬
I.N.I Ex: Won’t I have had a car?‫ مخکي چي دوي رانیسي یو مټر؟‬،‫آیا نه به ولرم زه یو مټر‬
Exercise
Action EX: He will have written the homework, when he goes to Center.
Action EX:
State EX:
State EX:

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Property EX:
The future perfect tense exercise
Future perfect tense definition:
Action structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
State structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
Property structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:

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Past Perfect Continuous Tense‫تیره مکمله جاری زمانه‬

It shows an action which was going in the past before another action
happened.
‫دا هغه عمل شوی کم چي په تیر وخت کي جریان ولری مخکي له یو بل عمل څخه‬.
Helping verb (‫ )کومکی فعل‬Had been
Action structure ‫ د فعل فورمول‬S+had+been+V-ing+C
EX: I had been watching TV before he went to school. ‫ما تلویزون کتي مخکي چي دی ښونځۍ ته تللي‬
‫وه‬.
Negative Ex: I had not been watching TV.‫ما تلویزون نه کتي‬.
Interrogative Ex: Had I been watching TV?‫آیا ما تلویزون کتي؟‬
N.I Ex: Had I not been watching TV?‫آیا ما تلویزون نه کتي؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Had not I been watching TV?‫آیا نه کتي ما تلویزون؟‬
State Structure/ ‫د حالت فورمول‬ S+had+been+be-ing+C

Positive EX: He had been being sick, when I took him hospital.
‫دی د ناروغي په حالت کي وه کله چي ما دي وه روغتون ته‬
‫بوتلي‬.
Negative Ex: He had not been being sick.‫دی د ناروغي په حالت کي نه وه‬.
Interrogative Ex: Had he been being sick?‫آیا دی د ناروغي په حالت کي وه؟‬
N.I Ex: Had he not been being sick?‫آیا دی د ناروغي په حالت کي نه وه؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Had not he been being sick?‫آیا نه وه دی د ناروغي په حالت کي؟‬
Property structure/‫ د ملکیت فورمول‬S+had+been+having+C

Positive EX: We had been having a party, before Sunday.‫موږ میلمستیا درلودل مخکي لـه‬
‫یکشنبی‬.
Negative Ex: We had not been having a party.‫موږ میلمستیا نه درلودل مخکي له یکشنبی‬.
Interrogative Ex: Had we been having a party?‫آیا موږ میلمستیا درلودل مخکي له یکشنبی؟‬
N.I Ex: Had we not been having a party?‫آیا موږ میلمستیا نه درلودل مخکي له یکشنبی؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Had not we been having a party?‫آیا نه درلودل موږ میلمستیا مخکي له یکشنبی؟‬
Exercise
Action EX: He had been waiting here before the noon.
Action EX:
State EX:
State EX:
Computer Center
Property EX:
The past perfect continuous tense exercise

Past perfect continuous tense definition:
Action structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
State structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
Property structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:

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Present Perfect Continuous Tense‫حال مکمله جاری زمانه‬

It shows an action which is started in the past, continued up to now or
still continuing.
‫ او تر اوسه دوام ولري شاید‬،‫دا هغه عمل شوی کم چي په تیر وخت کي شیروع سوی وي‬
‫په راتلونکي کي هم دوام ولری‬.
Helping verb (‫ )کومکی فعل‬have been/has been
Action structure ‫ د فعل فورمول‬S+have/has+been+V-ing+C
Positive EX: Ahmad has been studying for two hours.‫احمد د دوه ساعتو راهیسی مطالعه کوي‬.
N Ex: Ahmad has not been studying for two hours.‫احمد د دوه ساعتو راهیسی مطالعه نه کوي‬.
I Ex: Has Ahmad been studying for two hours?‫آیا احمد د دوه ساعتو راهیسی مطالعه کوي؟‬
N.I Ex: Has Ahmad not been studying for two hours?‫آیا احمد د دوه ساعتو راهیسی مطالعه نه کوي؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Has not Ahmad been studying for two hours?‫آیا نه کوي احمد د دوه ساعتو راهیسي مطالعه؟‬
State Structure/ ‫ د حالت فورمول‬S+have/has+been+being+C

Positive EX: They have been being rich since 2010.‫ راهیسی ښتمن دي‬۲۰۱۰ ‫دوي د‬.
Negative Ex: They have not been being rich since 2010.‫ راهیسی ښتمن نه دي‬۲۰۱۰ ‫دوي د‬.
Interrogative Ex: Have they been being rich since 2010? ‫ راهیسی ښتمن دي؟‬۲۰۱۰ ‫آیا دوي د‬
N.I Ex: Have they not been being rich since 2010?‫ راهیسی ښتمن نه دي؟‬۲۰۱۰ ‫آیا دوي د‬
I.N.I Ex: Haven’t they been being rich since 2010? ۲۰۱۰ ‫ه دی دوي ښــتمن د‬22‫ا ن‬22‫آی‬
‫راهیسي؟‬
Property structure/‫ د ملکیت فورمول‬S+have/has+been+having+C

Positive EX: Ahmad has been having job for one year. ‫ري د یــوه کــال‬22‫احمــد دنــده ل‬
‫راهیسي‬.
Negative Ex: Ahmad has not been having job for one year. ‫احمد دنده نه لري د یــوه کــال‬
‫راهیسي‬.
Interrogativ Ex: Has Ahmad been having job for one year?‫آیا احمد دنده لــري د یــوه کــال‬
I Ex: Has Ahmad not been having job for one year?‫ه لــري د یــوه کــال‬22‫آیا احمد دنده ن‬
I. Ex: Has not Ahmad been having job for one year? ‫آیا نه لري احمد دنـده د یـوه کــال‬

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Exercise
Action EX:
Action EX:
State EX:
State EX:
Property EX:
The present perfect continuous tense exercise

Present perfect continuous tense definition:
Action structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
State structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
Property structure:
Positive Ex:

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Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
Future Perfect Continuous Tense‫راتلونکی مکمله جاري زمانه‬

It shows an action which will continue in the future before another
action happens.
‫دا هغه عمل شوی کم چي په راتلونکي وخت کي جیریان ولري مخکي له یو بل عمل څخه‬.
Helping verb (‫ )کومکی فعل‬Will have been/Shall have been
Action structure ‫ د فعل فورمول‬S+will/shall+have+been+V-ing+C
Positive EX: They will have been working, before I come.‫ مخکي چي زه‬،‫دوي به کار کوي‬
‫راسم‬.
Negative Ex: They will not have been working. ‫ مخکي چي زه‬،‫دوي به کار نه کوي‬
‫راسم‬.
Interrogative Ex: Will they have been working?‫ مخکي چي زه راسم؟‬،‫آیا دوي به کار کوي‬
N.I Ex: Will they not have been working?‫ مخکي چي زه راسم؟‬،‫آیا دوي به کار نه کوي‬
I.N.I Ex: Will not they have been working?‫ مخکي چي زه راسم؟‬،‫آیا نه به کوي دوي کار‬
State Structure ‫ د حالت فورمول‬S+will/shall+have+been+being+C

Positive EX: I will have been being in home, when he watches TV.
‫ کله چي دی تلویزون ګوري‬،‫زه به په کور کي یم‬.
Negative Ex: I will not have been being in home.‫زه به په کور کي نه یم‬.
Interrogative Ex: Will I have been being in home?‫آیا زه به په کور کي یم؟‬
N.I Ex: Will I not have been being in home?‫آیا زه به په کور کي نه یم؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Will not I have been being in home?‫آیا نه به یم زه په کور کي؟‬
Property structure ‫ د ملکیت فورمول‬S+will/shall+have+been+having+C

Positive EX: He will have been having a car, before I buy it.
‫ مخکي چي زه هغه‬،‫دی به یو مټر لري‬
‫رانیسم‬.
Negative Ex: He will not have been having a car.‫دی به یو مټر نه لري‬.
Interrogative Ex: Will he have been having a car?‫آیا دی به یو مټر لري؟‬

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N.I Ex: Will he not have been having a car?‫آیا دی به یو مټر نه لري؟‬
I.N.I Ex: Won’t he have been having a car‫آیا نه به لری دی یو مټر؟‬
Exercise
Action EX:
Action EX:
State EX:

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The future perfect continuous tense exercise

Future perfect continuous tense definition:
Action structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
State structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:
Property structure:
Positive Ex:
Negative Ex:
Interrogative Ex:

12 Tenses With Definations and Exercises

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12 Tenses With Definations and Exercises

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Qiyam English language and

With Pashto Meaning and exercises

1|Page Prepared by: Abdul Bari (Khaliqi)

 We learn tenses on Wednesday‫موږ د چهارشنبي په ورځ زماني زدکوه‬

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Simple present tense (‫)حال ساده زمانه‬

Helping verbs (‫)کومکي فعلونه‬ Do/Dose

State Structure (‫ )د حالت فورمول‬S+tobe+C

Property structure (‫)د ملکیت فورمول‬ S+have/has+C

3|Page Prepared by: Abdul Bari (Khaliqi)

Simple present tense definition:

Negative interrogative EX:

Informal negative interrogative EX:

Negative interrogative EX:

Informal negative interrogative EX:

Negative interrogative EX:

Informal negative interrogative EX:

The simple present tense exercise

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Simple Past tense‫تیره ساده زمانه‬

State Structure/ ‫ د حالت فورمول‬S+Was/Were+C

Property structure ‫ د ملکیت فورمول‬S+had+C

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Negative interrogative EX:

Informal negative interrogative EX:

Negative interrogative EX:

Informal negative interrogative EX:

Negative interrogative EX:

Informal negative interrogative EX:

The simple past tense exercise

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Simple Future tense (‫)راتلونکی ساده زمانه‬

State Structure ‫ د حالت فورمول‬S+will/shall+be+C

Property structure ‫ د ملکیت فورمول‬S+will/shall+have+C

7|Page Prepared by: Abdul Bari (Khaliqi)

The simple future tense exercise

Negative interrogative EX:

Informal negative interrogative EX:

Negative interrogative EX:

Informal negative interrogative EX:

Negative interrogative EX:

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Informal negative interrogative EX:

The Simple future tense going to structure

Helping verbs (‫ )کومکي فعلونه‬Tobe (is am are)

State Structure ‫ د حالت فورمول‬S+tobe+going to+be+C

Property structure ‫ د ملکیت فورمول‬S+tobe+going to+have+C

9|Page Prepared by: Abdul Bari (Khaliqi)

The simple future tense going to structure exercise

Negative interrogative EX:

Informal negative interrogative EX:

Negative interrogative EX:

Informal negative interrogative EX:

10 | P a g e Prepared by: Abdul Bari (Khaliqi)

Negative interrogative EX:

Informal negative interrogative EX:

Present continuous tense (‫)حال جاري زمانه‬

State Structure ‫ د حالت فورمول‬S+tobe+V-ing+C

Property structure ‫ د ملکیت فورمول‬S+tobe+V-ing+C

11 | P a g e Prepared by: Abdul Bari (Khaliqi)

The present continuous tense exercise

Negative interrogative EX:

Informal negative interrogative EX:

Negative interrogative EX: