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    Joevet T. Tadlas
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    HYPERGLYCEMIA is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease. It is caused by a combination of factors including heredity, age, race, insulin resistance, b-cell exhaustion, cell starvation, and polyphagia. It can lead to a variety of vascular complications, including thrombosis, neuropathy, blurred vision, polyuria, Numbing of extremities, polydipsia, and Tingling of extremities.

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    HYPERGLYCEMIA is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease. It is caused by a combination of factors including heredity, age, race, insulin resistance, b-cell exhaustion, cell starvation, and polyphagia. It can lead to a variety of vascular complications, including thrombosis, neuropathy, blurred vision, polyuria, Numbing of extremities, polydipsia, and Tingling of extremities.

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    25 views1 page

    Concept o

    Uploaded by

    Joevet T. Tadlas
    HYPERGLYCEMIA is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease. It is caused by a combination of factors including heredity, age, race, insulin resistance, b-cell exhaustion, cell starvation, and polyphagia. It can lead to a variety of vascular complications, including thrombosis, neuropathy, blurred vision, polyuria, Numbing of extremities, polydipsia, and Tingling of extremities.

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    of 1

    Hypertension Obese Sedentary Lifestyle Unhealthy Eating Habits Second-Hand Smoker Social Drinker Heredity Increased Age Race

    Insulin Resistance Chronic Hypertension

    ↑ Insulin Demand Endothelial Injury

    β-cell Exhaustion and Accumulation of LDL Particles


    Dysfunction within the Arterial Wall

    Impaired Insulin Secretion


    WBC Count: 13,400 cells/mm3 Adhesion of Circulating Monocytes and T-cells

    Minimal Utilization of
    Glucose by Cells Insinuation of Monocytes between the
    Endothelial Cells and Subendothelial Space
    Cellular Starvation Polyphagia
    Monocytes Transform into Macrophages

    ↑ Hepatic Glucose Production Adipose Tissue Breakdown Monocyte Ingestion of Modified Lipids
    (glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis)

    Metformin, 500 mg, 1 tab, TID Release of Free Fatty Acids


    Proliferation of Smooth Muscle Cells

    ↑ Hepatic Lipoprotein
    Synthesis Release of Toxic Products by Macrophages

    ↑ VLDLs and LDLs Rupture and Fissure of Plaque

    Platelet Activation on Contact with Collagen


    HYPERGLYCEMIA HYPERLIPIDEMIA

    Simvastatin, 40 mg, 1 tab a day Platelet Adhesion and Aggregation


    Microvascular Complications Macrovascular Complications
    Aspirin, 80 mg, 1 tab a day Platelet Thrombus Formation

    Diabetic Diabetic Diabetic ↑ Thrombolytic Activity and ↑ Foam Cell ↑ VLDLs and
    THROMBOSIS
    Retinopathy Nephropathy Neuropathy ↓ Fibrinolytic Activity Activity ↓ HDLs

    Blurring of Polyuria Numbing of CAD


    Vision Sluggish Blood Flow Anterior Cerebral Artery Occlusion
    Polydipsia Extremities

    Tingling of ↑ Arterial Blood Pressure BP: 170/100 mmHg Piracetam, 80 mg, 1 tab a day ↓ oxygen and glucose supply
    Extremities
    Damage to Endothelial Lining Amlodipine, 5-10 mg OD
    Creatinine: 1.4 mg/dL CT Scan: Small Vessel RIGHT-HEMISPHERE
    Ischemic Changes THROMBOTIC STROKE
    Thrombus Formation
    Sodium: 130.9 mEq/L
    Left-sided Paralysis Left-sided Weakness
    Lymphocytes: 21% CAD CVA
    Citicholine, 2 mL, TID
    Ciprofloxacin, 500 mg, 1 tab a day Subscapular Pain
    Neurobexol, 1 cap a day
    Potassium: 5.3 mEq/L

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