GUE/NGL- Confederal Group of the European United Left/Nordic Green Left.

-European integration through international solidarity.

-human rights, social security, fight unemployment
The Greens/European Free Alliance
-sustainable development
-solidarity human rights
Europe of Freedom and Direct Democracy- EFD
-rejects the idea of a unified Europe
-more decision making power for member states
Europe of Nations and Freedom
-far right political group
-nationalism
-Euroscepticism

ALDE- Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Group

-fundamental rights and freedoms
-liberal-centrist group
- European integration and European single market PRO

About coalitions
I.
1999: According to the American scholars Amie Kreppel and George Tsebelis, in an article of
Comparative Politics about coalition formation in European Parliament:
-nationality or ideology counts more?
-left or right?
-south or north countries?
=> what is the determinant of a certain coalition in EP?
EP environment is multi-national and multi-ideological .

II
2009- the co-decision procedure was introduced by the Lisbon treaty=> after the European
Commission propose a piece of legislation, this has to be approved both by the European
Parliament and by the Council- representative of the national government
III- http://www.hkstrategies.com/blogs/public-affairs/new-majorities-european-parliament-afterelections
An absolute majority of minimum 376 votes is required for:
1. Naming the President of the Commission
2. Amend Commission proposal in second reading
Most of the decisions of the EP are passed with a simple majority of the MEPs.
1. Amendments to the Commission proposals in I reading
2. Resolutions of the EP
3. International agreements

Coalitions are made in order to obtain a majority in the EP. Most significant political groups to
be taken into consideration when forming of a coalition are the largest ones: PPE and SD. But
even if they decide to form a coalition, it is still not enough to secure their power in EP, because
of the small percentage of those who will be dissidents- i.e preserving the group cohesion in the
voting process- and those who will be absent.