YDS VOCABULARY LIST

ability

skill

yetenek, beceri

abruptly

suddenly

aniden, birdenbire

absolutely

certainly

kesinlikle

access

entry, admission

eriim

acclaim

praise

alk(lamak)

accompany

escort

elik etmek

account

explanation

aklama, hesap

accurate

precise, exact

kesin, doru

accurately

precisely, exactly

kesinlikle

achieve

accomplish

baarmak

achievement

accomplishment

baar

acquaintance

familiarity

ainalk

acquire

obtain

elde etmek

actually

in fact, really

aslnda

adapt

fit

adapte etmek, uyarlamak

add

sum

eklemek

addition

supplement

eklenti

adequate

sufficient

yeterli

adequately

sufficiently

yeterli b.

adherence

devotion

ballk

administrative

executive

idari

admiration

adoration

takdir, hayranlk

admire

adore

takdir etmek

admit

accept

kabul etmek

adopt

choose to take up or follow

benimsemek

adult

mature, grown-up

yetiken

adulthood

maturity

yetikinlik

adventurous

venturesome

serven dolu

adverse

contrary, opposed

kart, zt

advertisement

commercial

reklam

affair

relationship

iliki

affectionate

loving, caring

sevecen

afford

be able to pay for

satn almaya gc yetmek

affordable

inexpensive

ucuz

agreement

treaty, concurrence

anlama

ahead of

in front of

nnde, ilerisinde

aid

help, assist

yardm (etmek)

aim at

mean by, intend by

niyetinde olmak

aircraft

an aeroplane

uak

align

straighten

hizalamak

alike

in the same manner

ayn ekilde

allowance

pocket money

harlk

amazingly

surprisingly

alacak dercede

ambitious

eager, aspiring

hrsl, tutkulu

amount

quantity

miktar

zgr Doan
Bolu Final Dergisi Dersanesi ngilizce retmeni

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amuse

entertain

elendirmek

amusing

funny, entertaining

elendirici

anatomical

relating to bodily structure

anatomik

ancestor

forefather

ata

ancient

antique, old

eski

animation

creation of cartoons

animasyon

annoy

irritate

kzdrmak

annoying

irritating

sinirlendirici

annual

yearly

yllk

antiquity

ancient times

ilk alar

any longer

anymore

artk

apparently

evidently

grne gre, anlalan

appeal

bavurmak, hitap etmek,

plead, attract

rica etmek

appearance

impression

grn

appliance

tool, gadget

alet

application

implementation, act of applying

uygulama, bavuru

apply to
appointment
appreciate

uygulamak, bavurmak
rendezvous, date, nomination

randevu, atama, tayin

takdir etmek, deerini

regard highly, esteem

bilmek

appreciation

esteem

takdir, minnettarlk

approach

come near to

yaklamak

approve

agree, concur, confirm

onaylamak, uygun bulmak

architecture

layout

mimari, yap

arctic

north pole

kuzey kutbu

argue

dispute, claim

tartmak, savunmak

arise

rouse, get or stand up

ykselmek, kalkmak

aristocracy

noble class

aristokrasi, sooylular snf

arouse

harekete geirmek,
excite, stimulate, urge

uyandrmak

arrogant

conceited

kibirli, kstah

article

term, item, a piece of writing

madde, makale

ash

cinders

kl

aspect

point of view

bak as

assassinate

murder, kill, execute, slaughter

suikast yapmak, ldrmek

assessment

evaluation, estimation

deerlendirme

asset

property, useful or valuable thing malvarl, yararli, deerli

assist

aid, help

yardm etmek

assistance

aid, help

yardm

associate

connect, link

ilikilendirmek

assure

affirm, ensure, guarantee

temin etmek, gven vermek

astonish

amaze, astound, surprise

artmak

at all

in any way

hi, hi de, hi bir ekilde

at any rate

in any case, anyhow

her ne ise, her neyse

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at first hand

from a primary source

ilk elden

at least

at the minimum

en azndan

at once

immediately, right away

hemen

attach importance

give significant associations

nem vermek

attempt

girimek, yeltenmek,
try, strive, venture, endeavour

almak, denemek

attend

be present at, pay attention

katlmak, dikkat etmek

attention

notice, consideration

dikkat, zen, bakm, ilgi

attitude

standpoint, perspective

duru, tavr, gr

attract attention

draw attention

dikkat ekmek

attraction

pull, draw

ekim, cazibe

attribute

associate with, ascribe

atfetmek, balamak

audience

listeners

dinleyici

authority

power, control

otorite, g

availability

accessibility

elverililik

available

accessible

kullanlabilir

avoid

refrain from, abstain from

kanmak

award

prize, bestow on

dl (vermek)

aware of

conscious of

farknda

background

setting, social circumstances

arka plan, gemi

ban

prohibit, forbid, embargo

yasaklamak

barefoot

wearing nothing on one's feet

yalnayak

barren

unproductive, infertile, arid

orak, verimsiz

base on

establish, support on

dayanmak

basement

cellar, vault

bodrum kat

basis

foundation, base, core, essence

temel, esas

battle

fight, war, clash

sava

be acquainted with

know each other

tandk olmak

be ashamed of

be embarrassed

utanmak

be based on

on the basis of

dayanmak

be in line with

accordance with

uymak

be lacking in sense

be unaware

farknda olmamak

be made of

be composed of

olumak

be made up of

be composed of

olumak

behave

act correctly

davranmak

bias

prejudice, partiality

taraf olma

blame

accuse, hold responsible

sulamak, sroumlu tutmak

blazing

burning, flaming

cayr cayr yanan

blend

mix, combine, merge

kartrmak, harmanlamak

blow up

explode, detonate, go off

patlamak

boredom

weariness, dullness

can sknts

bother

disturb, trouble, harass

rahatsz etmek

bow

nod, arc

selamlamak, yay

break down

paralamak, ykmak,
fail, collapse

bozulmak

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Bolu Final Dergisi Dersanesi ngilizce retmeni

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briefly

in short/brief/sum

ksaca

bring about

cause

neden olmak

bring out

display, publicise

ortaya karmak

bring up

raise, educate

bytmek

budget

financial plan

bte

by far

by a great amount

dierlerinde kat kat

cancel

call off

iptal etmek

capable

competent, proficient

yetenekli

capture

catch, entrap, take prisoner

tutsak etmek

carry away

drag

srklemek

carry out

perform

yrtmek

cartoon

caricature

karikatr, izgi film

carve

engrave, form, shape

oymak, kesmek

casting

choosing actors

oyuncu seme

celebrate

have a party, feast

kutlamak

cell

dungeon, room

hcre

central

middle, centre

merkezi

certain

sure, confident, definite

kesin

certainly

definitely, by all means, indeed

kesinlikle

change one's mind

decide something else

caymak

characteristic

feature, typical, trait

zellik, tipik

charm

enchant, attractiveness, beauty

glamour

bylemek

charming

pleasing, lovely

ekici, byleyici

cheer up

become more cheerful

neelendirmek

choir

singers, chorus

koro

circumstance

influencing factor

durum, koul

citizen

native, inhabitant

vatanda

civilization

advancement, progress

uygarlk, medeniyet

claim

assert, argue, allege

idda etmek

clarity

clearness

aklk

cliff

precipice

uurum

climatic

pertaining to climate

iklimsel

clump

cluster, group

kme

coal

fuel made from carbon

kmr

coastline

a length of coast

sahil eridi

coherent

consistent

uygun, tutarl

collaboration

cooperation

ibirlii

collection

pile, accumulation

toplama, koleksiyon

collide

crash, hit

arpmak

colloquial

informal, conversational

konuma diline zg

colonization

establishing of colonies

smrge kurma

combat

battle, fighting, warfare

mcadele (etmek), arpma

combination

amalgamation

kombinasyon

combine

integrate, merge

birletirmek

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Bolu Final Dergisi Dersanesi ngilizce retmeni

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come about

happen, occur, take place

olmak

come across

meet/find by chance

rastlamak
gelmek, varmak, gzde

come in

enter, arrive

olmak

come into being

exist

varolmak

come round

regain consciousness, come to

aylmak

celestial body with a luminous

comet

tail

kuyrukluyldz

command

order, tell, direct

emretmek, komut etmek

commanding officer

military commander

komutan

commerce

trade, business, dealing,

transaction

ticaret

commercial

advertisement

ticari, reklam

commission

share

komisyon, i, grev

communicate

exchange information or ideas

gr al verii yapmak

community

population

topluluk

comparatively

relatively

bir dereceye kadar, olduka

compare with

measure between

karlatrmak

compel

force, influence

zorlamak

compete

contest

yarmak, rekabet etmek

competent

capable, proficient

yetenekli

competitive

ambitious, pushy, combative

rekabeti

compile

put together

derlemek

complain

grumble, whine

ikayet etmek

complex

complicated, intricate

kark

complicated

complex, intricate

kark

composer

melodist, songwriter

besteci

compound

combined

bileik

comprehension

understanding, awareness

anlama, kavrama

comprehensive

inclusive, complete, thorough

etrafl, geni, ok ynl

compression

pressing

sktrma

comprise

include, be composed of

kapsamak, olusmak

compulsion

coercion

zorlama, bask

compulsive

compelling

zorunlu

conceive

imagine, devise in the mind

tasarlamak, dnmek

concentrate

konsantre olmak, bir yerde

focus, collect in one place

toplamak

concern with

worry

ilgili olmak

conclude

deduce, finish

sonu karmak

condemn

convict, denounce

knamak, mahkum etmek

condition

state, accustom

koul(lamak)

confess

admit guilt

itiraf etmek

confident

certain, self-assured

kendine gvenen

confine

limit, restrict

kstlamak

conflict

clash, fight, quarrel

atmak

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Bolu Final Dergisi Dersanesi ngilizce retmeni

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confront

challenge, oppose

yzlemek, kar koymak

congratulate

praise

kutlamak

conquer

defeat, beat

fethetmek

conquest

seizure, takeover

fetih

conscious

aware

bilinli, farknda

consecutive

sequential, successive

ardk, pepee

consecutively

sequentially

ardk olarak

consent

permission

rza

conservation

preservation, protection

koruma

consider

think over, regard

dnmek

considerable

substantial, important

byk lde

consist of

be composed of

olumak

consistency

uniformity, firmness

tutarllk, sabitlik

consistent

coherent, constant

sabit, dzenli

conspiracy

intrigue, plot, secret plan

komplo, tezgah

conspirator

plotter, intriguer

komplocu

constantly

always, all the time, continually

srekli

construct

build

ina etmek

constructive

helpful, productive encouraging

yapc

consume

use up, deplete

tketmek

consumption

depletion

tketim

contain

include

iermek

contaminant

substance that pollutes

kirletici

contemporary

modern, person living at about

the same time as another

ada, modern

contented

satisfied, pleased

memnun

contest

competition, match, tournament

yarma

continent

mainland, self-disciplined

kta, kendine hakim

continually

successively, sequentially

srekli olarak

contradict

birbirini tutmamak,
deny, refute, conflict with

elimek

contrary to

as opposed to

tersine

contrast

compare, difference

karlatrmak, tezat

contribute to

donate to

katk salamak

contribution

donation

katk

controversial

disputable

tartmal

controversy

debate, disagreement

tartma

convenient

comfortable

uygun, elverili, msait

convention

conference, treaty, agreement

toplant, anlama, uzla

conversation

chat

sohbet

convert

transform, change, alter

dndrmek, evirmek

convince

persuade, convict, assure

ikna etmek

convincingly

persuasively

ikna edici b.

cope with

deal with, handle

baa kmak

zgr Doan
Bolu Final Dergisi Dersanesi ngilizce retmeni

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correspond

yazmak, -in karl

exchange letters, be equivalent

olmak

correspondent

reporter, journalist

muhabir

corruption

decay, immorality

yozlama, boz(ul)ma

cosmos

universe

evren

count

calculate

saymak

courage

bravery, boldness

cesaret

courageously

bravely, fearlessly

cesurca

crash

smash, wreck

arpma

creature

living thing

yaratk

crew

sailors, mariners

mrettebat

critic

commentator, analyst

eletirmen

critical

crucial, important

ciddi, kritik

critically

in a critical manner

thelikeli olarak

criticism

censure, critique, disapproval

eletiri

crossroad

intersection

ara yol, kavak

crowd

mess, flock, herd, large group of

people

kalabalk

crucial

very important

nemli

crucially

critically

nemli b.

curiosity

interest, inquisitiveness

merak

currency

money

para birimi

currently

presently, most recently

u anki

curricula

syllabus

mfredat

cushion

pillow

yastk

costumes

clothing

giysiler

cut off

behead, break off

kesmek

date back

to have existence since

dayanmak,

deadline

time limit

son gn

deadly

fatal

ldrc

deal

distribute, trade

anlamak, datmak

dearly

very much, at a high price

ok, pahal bir biimde

decade

a period of ten years

on yl

deceive

cheat, trick, betray

aldatmak

decision

determination, verdict,
conclusion

karar

decisive

strong-minded, determined

kararl, kesin

declare

proclaim, announce, state

ilan etmek

decline

refuse, decrease

reddetmek, azalmak

decrease

reduce, lessen, decline, diminish

azaltmak

deed

act, doing, legal document

eylem, belge

defeat

beat, failure

yenmek, yenilgi

defence

protection, guarding

savunma

deficiency

lack, shortage, defect

eksiklik, kusur

define

describe, explain

tanmlamak

zgr Doan
Bolu Final Dergisi Dersanesi ngilizce retmeni

YDS VOCABULARY LIST

definitely
delay
deliberately

absolutely, clearly, specifically,

certainly, surely
postpone
intentionally, purposefully, on
purpose, willfully

kesinlikle
ertelemek, geciktirmek
kastl olarak

delicate

fragile

hassas

delight

joy, pleasure, happiness

zevk

delightfully

with a pleasure

memnuniyetle

deliver

hand over, transport

datmak, teslim etmek

demand

request, call for

talep etmek

demanding

difficult, challenging, tough

aba, dikkat gerektiren

demonstrate

exhibit, display, show, illustrate

gstermek, gsteri yapmak

densely

crowded closely together

youn olarak

deny
department
depend

inkar etmek, yadsmak,

refuse, turn down

yalanlamak

division, section

blm
baml olmak, gvenmek,

rely on, trust, be dependent on

bel balamak

dependable

reliable, trustworthy

gvenilir

dependent on

unable to do without

baml

depress

sadden, upset

zmek, iini karartmak

derive

stem from

tremek

description

depiction

tanm, tasvir

desert

abandon, leave; wasteland, arid

terketmek, l

deserve

be worthy of, merit

haketmek

design

make plans for, plan

tasarlamak

desirable

worthwhile

ho

desire

wish for

arzulamak

desperate

hopeless

umutsuz

destiny

fate, fortune

kader

destructive

devastating, disastrous,
catastrophic, calamitous

ykc

detect

discover

saptamak, ortaya karmak

determine

decide

karar vermek

develop

improve, grow, expand, broaden

gelitirmek

dialect
die out

regional language, local

language

lehe
soyu tkenmek, ortadan

become extinct, disappear

kaybolmak

differ

be different

farkl olmak

dig

excavate

kazmak

digest

break down and absorb (food)

sindirmek

dimension

measure, size

boyut

disagreeable

unpleasant

hoa gitmeyen

disappointment

sadness

hayal krkl

zgr Doan
Bolu Final Dergisi Dersanesi ngilizce retmeni

YDS VOCABULARY LIST

disbelief

lack of belief

inanszlk

discontent

displeasure, dissatisfaction

memnuniyetsizlik

discover

find, gain knowledge, learn of-

kefetmek

discovery

finding, uncovering

keif

discussion

debate, conversation, talk

tartma, konuma

display

show, exhibit

gstermek

disregard

neglect, ignore, pay no attention

gzard etmek, aldrmamak

dissatisfied

displeased, unsatisfied

memnun olmayan

dissolve

melt, change into liquid

zlmek

distance

remoteness

mesafe

distant

remote, far

uzak

distil

purify, refine

damtmak

distinct

different, separate

farkl, ayr, ak, belirgin

distinction

difference

ayrm

distinguish

differentiate, discriminate
between

ayrt etmek

distinguishable

recognizable

farkedilebilir

distort

falsify, deform

arptmak

disturb

bother, interrupt

rahatsz etmek

disturbance

distraction, interference

rahtatszlk

diverse

different, varied

eitli

diversity

variety

eitlilik

domain

field

alan

dome

vault, cupola

kubbe

dormitory

living quarters for residents of an

institution

yurt

doubt

be uncertain

phe etmek

doubtful

uncertain

pheli

doubtfully

unsurely, skeptically

pheli b.

draw attention

attract

dikkat ekmek

draw up

stop, compose

durdurmak, yazmak

drawback

disadvantage

engel

dreadful

terrible, horrible, awful, frightful

korkun

dream of

imagine

dlemek

drift

be carried slowly by a current of

air or water

srklenmek

drop

fall, let go of

d(r)mek

drought

lack of rain, shortage of water

kuraklk

eager

keen, enthusiastic

kararl

eagerly

passionately, avidly

kararl b.

education

instruction

eitim

effectiveness

efficiency, productivity, success

etki, tesir, geerlilik

efficient
efficiently

etkili, yksek verimli,

effective, organized, competent

becerikli

in an efficient manner

verimli

zgr Doan
Bolu Final Dergisi Dersanesi ngilizce retmeni

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effort

labor, energy

aba

elderly

old, aged, senior

yal

emerge

appear, come out, be revealed

ortaya kmak

emission

release, discharge

salm, yaym

emotional

passionate, sentimental

duygusal

emperor

ruler, monarch

imparator

emphasis

stress, significance

vurgu, nem

emphasize

stress, highlight

vurgulamak

employee

worker

alan

enable

imkan tanmak, olanakl

make possible, allow

klmak

encounter

face, meet with

karlamak

encourage

support, inspire, give hope

cesaret vermek

encouragement

support, inspiration

cesaret

endurance

dayankllk, sabr,
patience, tolerance, perseverance tahamml

engaged

busy, attached

megul, nianl

enlist

join the military

asker olmak

enormously

immensely, hugely, very,

extremely, particularly

ok, ar derecede

enrich

make rich

zenginletirmek

ensure

make sure, secure, guarantee

temin etmek

enterprising

entrepreneurial

giriken

entertain

amuse

elendirmek

entertainment

fun

elence

enthusiast

fan, devotee, admirer

ilgili

enthusiastic

excited, eager, keen, avid

evkli, istekli

entirely

totally, completely, absolutely

tamamen, btnyle

envy

be jealous

kskanmak

equipment

apparatus, tools, appliances

malzeme

erosion

corrosion, dissolution

erozyon, anma

erupt

burst out, explode

patlamak

eruption

explosion

patlama

essential

necessary, crucial, key, vital

gerekli, art, balca

establish

found set up

kurmak

establishment

foundation

kurum

estimate

10

tahmin etmek,
calculate roughly, approximate

deerlendirmek

eternal

without end

sonsuz

ethical

moral

ahlaki

etymology

word history

kkenbilim, etimoloji

evaporation

becoming vapor

buharlama

eventually

finally, in the end, ultimately

en sonunda

evidence

proof

kant

evil

wicked, bad, corrupt

kt

zgr Doan
Bolu Final Dergisi Dersanesi ngilizce retmeni

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YDS VOCABULARY LIST

evolution
evolve

development
gradually change or mature over
time

evrim, deiim
evrim geirmek

exactly

precisely, indeed, entirely

tamamen

exaggerate

overstate

abartmak

examine

inspect, check

snamak, incelemek

excavation

act of digging

kaz

exceed

go beyond, surpass

amak

excel

be talented, better

uzmanlamak

except for

apart from

dnda

exceptional

unusual, uncommon,
outstanding

istisnai, olaanst

exceptionally

unusually, excellently

istisna olarak, fevkalade

excessive

immoderate, extreme

ar, haddinden fazla

excitement

thrill

heyecan

exclude

leave out, keep out

dlamak

exclusively

solely, in a limited manner

sadece, yalnz

exhausting

tiring, wearying, strenuous

yorucu

exhibition

display, show

sergi

exist

live, be

varolmak

existence

life, being

varolu

exotic

egzotik, yabancl, ilgin,

unusual, foreign, non-native

ekici

expand

spread out, broaden

genilemek

expect

anticipate, suppose, presume

ummak

expedition

journey, voyage

gezi, yolculuk

experiment

test

deney

exploit

take advantage of, manipulate

smrmek, istifade etmek

exploration

investigation, trip

aratrma, inceleme, keif

explore

investigate, travel over

kefetmek, incelemek

export

sell abroad

ihra etmek

expose

maruz brakmak, tehir

reveal, make vulnerable

etmek

express

communicate, convey

ifade etmek

expression

utterance, communication

ifade

extensive

large, comprehensive

geni, kapsaml

extinct

vanished, dead

tkenmi

extract

remove, take out

karmak

extraordinary

unusual, remarkable, amazing

olaanst

extravagant

spendthrift

savurgan

extremely

immensely, vastly

ar, son derece

face with

confront

yzlemek

facility
factual

11

provision, possibility,
establishment
real, actual

olanak, imkan, tesis

gereklere dayanan

zgr Doan
Bolu Final Dergisi Dersanesi ngilizce retmeni

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YDS VOCABULARY LIST

failure

defeat, fiasco, lack of success

baarszlk

fairly

justly, relatively, quite

haka, olduka

fairy story

folk tale, fable, fairy tale

peri masal

faithful

loyal, devoted, committed

inanl, bal, sadk

falsehood

lie, falsity

yalan, yalanclk

fame

popularity, notoriety

familiar

well known, common, acquainted tandk, bildik

familiarize

make familiar

tantmak, altrmak

farewell

goodbye

veda

fascinate

enchant, charm, captivate

bylemek

fascinating

charming, attractive, enchanting,

captivating

byleyici

fault

defect, flaw, mistake, error

hata, kusur

faultlessly

perfectly

hatasz b.

favour

good deed

iyilik

feature

characteristic

zellik

fed up

sick and tired of

bkmak

feed

beslemek

feel for

be sorry for

acmak

feel sorry for

show mercy towards

zgn olmak

fellow

friend, buddy, companion, friend arkada

fertile

fruitful

verimli

fertilizer

plant food

gbre

fetch

go and get

gidip getirmek

fiction

made-up story

hayal rn

fiercely

cruelly, violently

iddetle

find out

discover, learn about

anlamak, bulmak

finding

discovery

bulgu

flexibility

elasticity, ability to bend or be

bent

esneklik

float

stay afloat

batmadan yzmek

flood

great stream of water

sel

fluent

have a good command, articulate akc

fluently

articulately

akc b.

fond of

affectionate

e dkn, i seven

footprint

footmark, footstep

ayak izi

for instance

for example

rnein

force to

compel, oblige

zorlamak

forecast

12

tahmin etmek,
predict, foretell

deerlendirmek

foreign

strange, unfamiliar, alien

yabanc

foremost

primary, leading, main

nde gelen

foresee

predict, foretell

tahmin etmek

foreword

preface, prologue

nsz

form

shape

oluturmak

zgr Doan
Bolu Final Dergisi Dersanesi ngilizce retmeni

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YDS VOCABULARY LIST

fortunately

luckily

iyi ki

found

establish

kurmak

founder

creator, designer

kurucu

fraudulent

guilty, dishonest

hilekar

freedom

liberty

zgrlk

frequently

regularly, often

sk sk

fully

totally, completely, wholly

tamamen

function

duty, role, use

ilev

fund

money

fon

fundamental

basic, elemental

temel, esas

fur

wool, coat

krk

furnish

provide with furniture

demek

further

ilerlemesine yardmc
advance, more

olmak, daha fazla

gain

earn, obtain

kazanmak

gap

space, breach

boluk, aralk

generate

create, produce

retmek

generation

age group

kuak

genuinely

truly

gerekten

get rid of

13

kurtulmak, bandan
dispose of

defetmek

get scared

become afraid

korkmak

giant

enormous, huge

dev

gift

present, offering

hediye

gladly

happily, with pleasure

zevkle

glamorous

charming, fascinating

ekici, gz alc

global

worldwide, universal

kresel

globalize

make worldwide

kresellemek

glory

fame, prestige, praise

an, eref, n

goal

target, aim, purpose

hedef

gorgeous

wonderful

harika

gossip

rumor, tittle-tattle

dedikodu

grain

cereal

tahl

grasp

grip hold

kavramak

grateful

thankful

minnettar

gravel

pebble

akl

attractive force causing all

gravity

bodies to move toward the

yerekimi, ciddiyet

center of the earth, seriousness

graze

feed

otla(t)mak

greed

selfishness

agzllk

ground

floor

yer

grow up

mature

bymek

grudge

resentment, envy

garez

happen

occur, take place

olmak

zgr Doan
Bolu Final Dergisi Dersanesi ngilizce retmeni

13

YDS VOCABULARY LIST

harbour

port, dock

liman

hardly

barely, scarcely

neredeyse hi

hardship

difficulty, trouble

zorluk

hard-working

industrious

alkan

harmful

damaging, malignant

zararl

harsh

rough, coarse

sert

harvest

yield

ekin, hasat

hazard

danger, risk

tehlike

height

highness

ykseklik

herbicide

substance that kills weeds

yabanc ot ldrc

heroine

female hero

kadn kahraman

hill

raised area of land

tepe

hole

gap, cavity

delik

hopefully

optimistically

umut verici

hostile

unfriendly

dmanca

huge

very big, enormous

iri, kocaman

humanism

study of the humanities

hmanizm

humanitarian

compassionate

iyilik seven, yardmsever

hysterically

with uncontrollable outbursts of

emotion

14

lgnca

ideally

in an ideal manner

ideal olarak

identification

recognition

kimlik, tantma

ignore

disregard

gzard etmek

illiterate

uneducated, ignorant

cahil

ill-treat

abuse

kt davranmak

illusion

delusion, misconception

illzyon

illustrate

demonstrate

gstermek

imaginable

conceivable

akla gelen

imaginary

unreal, fictional

hayali

imaginative

creative

yaratc

immediately

promptly, at once

aniden

immense

enormous, massive

devasa, kocaman

immensely

hugely, greatly

pek ok

immunize

vaccinate, inject

baklk kazandrmak

impact

influence, effect

etki

impatience

restlessness, lack of patience

sabrszlk

imply

indirectly suggest

ima etmek

import

buy from abroad

ithal etmek

impression

impact

izlenim

improbably

in an unlikely way

imkansz bir ekilde

improve

make better

gelitirmek

in advance

beforehand

hemen

in comparison with

compared to

e nazaran, e gre

in fact

actually, as a matter of fact

gerekten

in favour of

on the side of

tarafnda

zgr Doan
Bolu Final Dergisi Dersanesi ngilizce retmeni

14

YDS VOCABULARY LIST

in respect of/with

hakknda, ilikin

respect to

concerning, regarding

in need of

in times of trouble

ihtiyac olma

in return

in exchange for

karlnda

in terms of

regarding

bakmndan

in the course of time

during the years

zamanla

in the public eye

exposed to the public

halk gznde

in this respect

15

bu bakmdan

in time

early enough

vaktinde, erken

incident

event

olay

include

contain

iermek

inclusive

including, comprehensive

ieren, kapsayan

income

revenue, earnings, salary

gelir, kazan

increase

raise, grow, add to

artrmak

incredible

unbelievable

inanlmaz

incur

become subject to

uramak, maruz kalmak

indeed

in fact, actually

aslnda, gerekten

independence

freedom, autonomy

bamszlk

indestructible

durable

yklamaz, dayankl

indicate

show, point out

gstermek

indifferent

uninterested

ilgisiz

indifferently

impartially

ilgisizce

individual

human being, single

birey

inevitable

unavoidable

kanlmaz

infancy

babyhood

bebeklik

influence

effect, impact

etki

influential

powerful, dominant

etkili, gl

inhabit

occupy, dwell in

iskan etmek

inhabitant

resident

sakin, oturan

inherit

receive money or property

miras almak

injure

hurt, wound

yaralanmak

innovation

change, alteration

yenilik

instability

unsteadiness

kararszlk, deikenlik

install

set up

kurmak

instantly

immediately, at once

aniden

instead of

in place of

yerine

institution

establishment

kurum

instruct

teach, educate

retmek

instruction

teaching

retim

insult

offend

hakaret etmek

intelligence

intellectual capacity

zeka

intend

plan, mean

niyetinde olmak

intention

aim, plan

niyet

interfere

impede, obstruct

mdahale etmek

interior

internal part

zgr Doan
Bolu Final Dergisi Dersanesi ngilizce retmeni

15

YDS VOCABULARY LIST

interrupt

16

szn kesmek, dzenini

interfere

bozmak

interval

break, pause

ara

intimacy

closeness

samimiyet

intimate

friendly, close

samimi

invade

occupy

istila etmek

invader

attacker, raider

istilac

invariably

always, without exception

her zaman, deimeyerek

invent

originate, create

icat etmek

invention

innovation

icat

investigate

inspect, scrutinize

aratrmak

involve

include

iermek, kapsamak

isolate

separate

ayrmak

isolated

separated

ayrlm

issue

publish, matter

yaynlamak, konu, say

jealous

envious

kskan

jealousy

envy

kskanlk

joint

connection, common

eklem, birleik, ortak

jointly

together, in unity

ortaklaa

journal

magazine

dergi

journalism

the newspaper business

gazetecilik

journalist

reporter

gazeteci

journey

travel, voyage

yolculuk

justice

equality, rightness

adalet

justification

rationale

gereke, hakl karma

keep in touch

remain in contact with

iletiimde olmak

knowledge

information

bilgi

lack

be short of

eksik olmak

landscape

view, scenery

kr manzaras

last

rearmost, continue

son, srmek, dayanmak

laughter

cheerfulness

kahkaha

lead

guide

yol gstermek

leaf

petal

yaprak

lean

be supported

yana yatmak

learn by heart

memorize

ezbere renmek

legendary

mythical

efsanevi

leisure

free time

bo vakit

liable

responsible, likely, prone

sorumlu, eilimli

a tower or other structure

lighthouse

containing a beacon light to warn fener

ships at sea

likely

probably

olas

likeness

resemblance

benzerlik

linguist

one specializing in linguistics

dilbilimci

literacy

ability to read and write

okur-yazarlk

zgr Doan
Bolu Final Dergisi Dersanesi ngilizce retmeni

16

YDS VOCABULARY LIST

literate

educated

okur-yazar

literature

written works

edebiyat

livelihood

income, means of support

geim

load

fill, burden

yklemek

lonely

alone, solitary

yalnz

long-lasting

enduring

dayankl

loyal

faithful

sadk

loyalty

devotion, allegiance

sadakat

lunar

of the moon

aya ait

magnify

enlarge

bytmek

mainly

chiefly

esas olarak, balca

maintain

sustain, preserve, keep

bakmak, korumak

maintenance

repairs, care

bakm

majority

larger number/part

ounluk

make a fire

light

ate yakmak

manage

administer, supervise

ynetmek, idare etmek

manage to

succeed in

baarmak

manufacture

make, produce

retmek

manuscript

document, text

yazma, el yazmas

marine

of the sea

denizle ilgili, deniz subay

markedly

noticeably

nemli derecede

marshland

swamp land

bataklk

marvelous

wonderful, splendid

harikulade

mass

crowd

kitle

match

contest

uymak

medieval

of the middle ages

ortaaa ait

medieval times

middle ages

ortaaa

melt

dissolve, turn to liquid

erimek

mention

remind of, refer to, state

bahsetmek

mercy

forgiveness

af

mere

just, only

sadece

merely

only, solely

sadece

migrate

resettle, move

g etmek

military

army

askeri

mine

pit, rich source

maden

minor

slight, trivial

kk

misconception

misunderstanding, incorrect idea yanl anlama

miserable

unhappy

sefil

momentum

speed

hz

monastery

religious community

manastr

monument

memorial

ant

monumental

huge, colossal

antsal, ok byk

mood

state of mind

ruh hali

moral

ethical

ahlaki

more or less

approximately, roughly, nearly

aa yukar

zgr Doan
Bolu Final Dergisi Dersanesi ngilizce retmeni

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17

YDS VOCABULARY LIST

mountainous

hilly

dalk

mutual

reciprocal, common

karlkl, ortak

mutually

reciprocally

karlkl

myth

legend

efsane

narrate

tell a story

anlatmak, aktarmak

narrative

plot, story

yk

narrator

storyteller

anlatc

narrow-minded

intolerant, prejudiced

dar grl

native

inhabitant

yerli

naval

of ships, of the navy

donanmaya ait

navigator

guide

klavuz

neglect

disregard, pay no attention

ihmal etmek

neighbourhood

district

mahalle, civar

nerve

neuron

sinir

no longer

not any more

artk

noble

aristocratic

asil

nomadic

wandering, nomad

gebe, gebeye ait

notably

remarkably, especially

zellikle

noticeable

evident, obvious, distinct

gze arpan

notify

inform, tell, warn

bildirmek, uyarmak

novelist

novel writer

roman yazar

nursery

children's room

ocuk odas, kre

nutrient

nutritious substance

besin

objective

impartial, aim

tarafsz, ama

oblige

obligate, compel

zorlamak

observation

act of watching, monitoring

gzlem

observatory

astronomical viewing place

gzlem evi

observe

watch, monitor

gzlemlemek

obsession

compulsive thought, fixation

taknt

obtain

acquire, get

elde etmek

obvious

clear, evident

ak

obviously

clearly

ak b.

occasionally

sometimes, now and then, every

so often, from time to time

18

bazen, ara sra

occupy

inhabit, live in, take up, seize

igal etmek, megul etmek

occur

happen, take place

olmak

odour

scent, stink

koku

official

formal, authorized

resmi

omit

delete

karmak

on duty

at work

grevde

on the whole

generally, all in all

genelde, neticede

onward

forward

ileriye doru

oppose

resist, be against

kar kmak

opposition

hostility, resistance

muhalefet

oppressed

persecuted, abused, maltreated

zulm grm

zgr Doan
Bolu Final Dergisi Dersanesi ngilizce retmeni

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YDS VOCABULARY LIST

oral

verbal

szl

orbit

course, path

yrnge

ordinary

usual, typical

sradan

origin

source, beginning

kken, kaynak

outbreak

start, eruption

ortaya kma

outdated

old-fashioned, obsolete

modas gemi

outlet

shop, store

sat yeri

outskirts

suburbs

varo

outstanding

excellent, marvelous

gze arpan

overcome

defeat, beat

stesinden gelmek

overdue

late, behind schedule

gecikmi

overhear

kulak misafiri olmak, gizlice

hear accidentally or secretly

dinlemek

overnight

during the night

geceleyin

overthrow

remove from office/power

devirmek, ykmak

overtime

work beyond regular working

hours

fala mesai

owe

be in debt to

borlu olmak

own

possess

sahip olmak

parade

march, exhibition

gei treni

partially

to a limited extent

ksmen

participate

take part, join

katlmak

particular

specific, special

zel, belirli

particularly

especially, specifically

zellikle

partly

to a certain degree

ksmen

passion

enthusiasm, love

tutku

pastime

hobby, leisure activity,

entertainment

ura, elence

path

footway, track, route

yol, patika

pathetic

pitiful, touching

ackl, dokunakl

pavement

sidewalk

kaldrm

peaceful

tranquil, calm, soothing, relaxing huzurlu

peculiar

strange, bizarre, weird, odd

peninsula

area of land that is surrounded

by water on three sides

tuhaf
yarmada

perceive

recognize, become aware of, see

alglamak

performance

show

performans, gteri

periodical

magazine, journal

dergi

permanent

lasting, enduring, long-term

kalc

permission

consent, authorization, approval

izin

persuade

convince, cause to believe

ikna etmek

persuasive

convincing

inandrc

pest

19

nuisance, someone or something

annoying

ba belas

zgr Doan
Bolu Final Dergisi Dersanesi ngilizce retmeni

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YDS VOCABULARY LIST

pesticide
petal
phenomenon

chemical mixture used to kill

pests and insects
leave
occurrence, event, marvel,
prodigy

bcek ilac
iek yapra
olay, olgu, olaanst ey

pipe

tube

boru

pirate

raider, freebooter

korsan

plain

obvious, clear, simple

basit, ak

plainly

simply, clearly

aka

playwright

dramatist, scriptwriter

oyun yazar

pleasant

nice, enjoyable, amiable

ho, gzel, cana yakn

plot

storyline, secret plan

olay rgs

poem

literary work written in verse

iir

point of view

viewpoint

bak as

policy

strategy, approach, system

politika

population

inhabitants, residents

nfus

portative

can be transported

portatif, tanabilen

portrayal

depiction, painting

tasvir

possession

ownership, belongings

iyelik, sahiplik

post

duty, after, mail

grev, sonra, mektup

postwar

following a war

sava sonras

potential

possible, likely, capacity

muhtemel, potansiyel, g

pour

stream, flow

dkmek

poverty

penury, indigence

yoksulluk

practical

empirical, feasible, functional

pratik, uygulamal, kullanl

praise

applaud, compliment

vmek

precaution

safety measure, insurance

nlem

precede

go/come before

ncesinden olmak

precious

valuable, priceless

deerli

precise

exact, accurate

kesin

precisely

exactly, accurately, definitely,

certainly

kesinlikle

prediction

forecast, prophecy

ngr, tahmin

preference

liking, fondness

tercih

prehistoric

primitive, ancient

tarihncesi

presenter

submitter

sunucu

preserve

conserve, protect, care for

korumak

pressure

physical force, coercion

bask, basn

presumably

herhalde, galiba,
I expect, I assume

muhtemelen

prevent

stop, obstruct

engellemek

preventative

preventive

nleyici, koruyucu

previously

before, formerly

nceden

primarily

20

ilk olaraki her eyden nce,

firstly, chiefly

aslnda

zgr Doan
Bolu Final Dergisi Dersanesi ngilizce retmeni

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YDS VOCABULARY LIST

primary

first, original

ilk

primitive

old, ancient, uncivilized

ilkel

printing press

matbaa

prior to

before, earlier, former

den nce

probable

likely

olas

probably

byk olaslkla,
almost certainly

muhtemelen

proceed

continue, go ahead

ilerlemek, srmek

process

procedure, method

sre, yntem

proclaim

declare, announce

ilan etmek, duyurmak

profession

career, occupation

meslek

profit

financial gain, earnings

kazan

profoundly

deeply

derinden

progress

advance, move forward

ilerlemek

promising

good, with potential

umut verici, gelecei parlak

promote

upgrade, elevate, advance

terfi ettirmek

promptly

swiftly, quickly, immediately

aniden

properly

correctly

dzgn b, doru drst

property

estate, possessions

mlkiyet

proportion

ratio, portion

oran

prospect

likelihood, chance

ihtimal

prospector

21

one who searches for valuable

materials

maden araycs

prosperity

success, affluence

baar, refah

protection

defense, shelter, defence

koruma

proud

self-respecting

onurlu

prove

show to be true

kantlamak

provide with

supply

salamak

provision

supplying

tedarik, hazrlamak

psychiatrist

psikiyatr

psychologist

psikolog, ruhbilimci

psychology

study of the mind

psikoloji

publish

issue, produce

yaynlamak, basmak

punish

penalize, discipline

cezalandrmak

pupil

student, disciple, novice, trainee

renci, ocuk

purchase

buy, pay for

satn almak

purpose

goal, aim, intention, motive

ama, niyet

pursue

chase after, follow, run after

kovalamak

pursuit

chase, hunt

kovalamaca

purveyor

seller, vendor, supplier

satc

put the blame on

blame

suu yklemek

qualification

proficiency, ability

nitelik, yetenek

qualified

certified, competent, trained

nitelikli

quality

trait, feature

nitelik, kalite, vasf

quantity

amount, measure

miktar

zgr Doan
Bolu Final Dergisi Dersanesi ngilizce retmeni

21

YDS VOCABULARY LIST

quarrel
race

argue, fight
contest, competition, ethnic
group

tartmak
rk, yarmak

radiant

glowing, shining

parlak, k saan

raft

primitive boat

sal

rage

anger, fury, wrath, outrage

fke

rainfall

the quantity of rain

ya miktar

raise

lift, increase

yseltmek

randomly

arbitrarily, haphazardly,
unsystematically

rastgele

range

row

sra, dizi

range from

vary, fluctuate, differ

deimek

rapid

quick, fast, swift, speedy

hzl

rapidly

quickly, fast

hzl b.

rare

uncommon, scarce, unusual

nadir

rarely
rate

seldom, occasionally, now and

then
ratio, portion

rather than
ration
raw

nadiren
oran
birey dense

allocate, quota, distribute in

fixed quantities
uncooked, unprocessed, crude,
unrefined

karneye balamak
ham

realistic

practical, achievable

gereki

reasonably

wisely, logically

makul b.

recall

remember, recollect

hatrlamak

receive

get, be sent, be given, acquire

almak

recently

lately, not long ago, a short time

ago

son zamanlarda

recite

repeat from memory

ezberden okumak

reckon

calculate, estimate

hesaplamak

recognizable

identifiable, noticeable

tannabilir

recognize

identify, know, acknowledge

tanmak, alglamak

recommend

advise, suggest, advocate,

propose

nermek

recover

get well

iyilemek

reduce

lessen, diminish, decrease

azaltmak

refer to

direct attention to, mention,

indicate

ilgili olmak, den sz etmek

reflect

mirror, think

yanstmak, dnmek

refusal

denial, rejection, turndown

ret

regard

consider, concern

dikkatle bakmak, saymak

regard as

consider

gz ile bakmak

region

22

area, territory, domain, field,

district, province, sector, zone

blge

zgr Doan
Bolu Final Dergisi Dersanesi ngilizce retmeni

22

YDS VOCABULARY LIST

regret

be sorry about

piman olmak

regrettably

in a manner that causes sorrow

zc olarak

regular

constant, unchanging, repeated

dzenli

rehearsal

practice session, performance

prova

reign

be monarch, be king/queen

hkmetmek

reject

refuse, decline, deny, turn down

reddetmek

relate
relationship
relatively
release
relevant
reliable

connect with, associate, link,

correlate
connection, link, association
comparatively, fairly, quite,
reasonably, pretty

ilikilendirmek
iliki
olduka
serbest brakmak, piyasaya

set free, put on the market

srmek

related, pertinent

ilgili

credible, trustworthy,
dependable

gvenilir

relieve

ease, alleviate

dindirmek, rahatlatmak

reluctant

unwilling, disinclined

isteksiz

reluctantly

unwillingly

istemeyerek

rely on

count on, depend on

gvenmek

remain

stay, continue to exist

kalmak

remark

comment, utterance

ifade

remarkable

noteworthy, striking,
extraordinary

dikkate deer, olaanst

remarkably

notably, exceptionally

dikkat ekecek derecede

reminiscent

similar to

hatrlatan, benzeri

remove

detach, take off

kaldrmak

replace

substitute for, take the place of

yerini deitirmek

reply

answer, respond

karlk vermek

represent

symbolize, depict, portray

temsil etmek

representative

typical, elected

tipik, temsilci

need, necessitate, demand, call

require

for

rescue

save

research

23

investigation, experimentation,
analysis

gerektirmek
kurtarmak
aratrma

resemblance

similarity, likeness

benzerlik

resemble

be similar to, look like

benzemek

reserve

put aside

ayrmak

resident

inhabitant, citizen, local

iskan eden kii

resort

turn to

bavurmak, yoluna gitmek

resource

source, supply

kaynak

respect

honor, esteem

sayg gstermek

respective

relating individually to each

ayr ayr, kendi

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YDS VOCABULARY LIST

respond

24

cevap vermek, karlk

answer, reply

vermek

responsibility

duty, task

sorumluluk

responsible for

in charge of

den sorumlu

restless

not still, nervous

huzursuz
eski durumuna getirmek,

restore

yeniden kurmak, geri

reconstruct, return, bring back

koymak

restrict

limit, constrict, confine

kstlamak

restrictive

limiting

kstlayc

result in

cause, bring about

ile sonulanmak

retire

give up work, stop work

emekli olmak

reveal

make public, disclose, give away

aa karmak

reversal

turnaround, setback

ters dnme, ger, evirme

review

examine, analysis, reconsider

gzden geirmek

revise

reconsider, go over, review

gzden geirip dzeltmek

revision

correction, alteration

gzden geirip dzeltme

revive
revolution

bring back to life, resuscitate,

renew, restore
rebellion, revolt, dramatic
change

geri getirmek, canlandrmak

devrim

revolutionary

innovative, rebellious, rioting

devrimci

reward

prize, award

dllendirmek

rewarding

satisfying, worthwhile

dllendirici

rhyme
ridiculous

similarity of sound at the end of

words
absurd, funny, comical, hilarious,
silly

kafiye
gln, komik, sama

rigid

hard, stiff, inflexible, firm

kat, sert, eilmez

roughly

approximately, harshly, unkindly

kabaca

route

track, path, way, course,

direction

rota

routinely

regularly

dzenli olarak

rule

govern, control, law, regulation

kural, hkmetmek

rush

hurry, dash

acele etmek

rust

corrode, oxidize

pas(lanmak)

safely

securely, guardedly

gvenli b.

sale

selling, vending, trading

sat, indirimli sat

satisfying

pleasing, enjoyable

memnun edici

scale

calibrated system

lek

scarf

headscarf

earp

scarlet fever

an infectious bacterial disease

affecting especially children

kzl hastal

scene

view, sight, location

manzara, sahne, olay yeri

scent

odor, smell

koku

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YDS VOCABULARY LIST

sceptical

doubtful, dubious, cynical

kukulu, pheci

schedule

programme, timetable

plan, zaman izelgesi

scheme

plan, design, plot, outline

plan, tasar, entrika

scholar

academic, intellectual

tahsilli kimse

sculpture

statue, bust

heykel, heykeltralk

secular

non-religious

laik

seedless

lacking seeds

ekirdeksiz

seek

search, look for

aramak

seep

drain, penetrate

szmak

self-conscious

aware, shy

kendini bilen, utanga

selfish

egocentric, self-centered

bencil

semidarkness

partial dimness

yar karanlk

sensation

feeling, scandal

duyum, sansasyon

sensational

scandalous, shocking, gorgeous

sansasyonel, harika, mthi

sensible

rational, wise

mantkl

sensibly

reasonably, wisely

mantklca

sensitive

responsive to, reactive to,

delicate, tender

hassas, duyarl

sensitively

in a sensitive manner

hassas b.

separateness

quality of being set apart

ayrlk

session

meeting, period, academic year

oturum, toplant, dnem

set

25

koymak, hazrlamak,
lay, prepare, be situated, put

kurmak
tatlya balamak,

settle

resolve, make one's home, calm

yerletirmek, oturmak,

down

sakinlemek

settlements

agreement, community

anlama, yerleke

shade

shadow

glge

shame

humiliation, disgrace

utan

sharply

suddenly, harshly

keskince

shelter

protection, cover, safety, safe

house

barnak

shipwreck

ruin

gemi enkaz

shortage

lack, scarcity, deficit

yokluk, ktlk, eksik

sightseeing
significant
similarity
simulate
simultaneous
simultaneously

gezme, ilgin yerleri ziyaret

touring, traveling
important, notable, noteworthy,
remarkable
resemblance, likeness

etme
nemli
benzerlik
taklit etmek, numara

imitate, pretend, fake

concurrent, happening at the
same time
concurrently, at the same time

yapmak
e zamanl
e zamanl b.

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YDS VOCABULARY LIST

sink

submerge, go down, descend,

wash basin

batmak, lavabo

situate

locate, site, position, place

yerletirmek

situation

condition, circumstance

durum, yer

skill

ability, aptitude

beceri

skillful

proficient

becerili

snack

light meal

hafif yemek, erez

solar

relating to the sun

gnele ilgili

solely

only, exclusively, merely, just,

uniquely, alone

ancak, yalnz, yalnzca

somewhat

slightly, relatively, rather, quite

biraz, olduka

songwriter

composer

ark yazar

sophisticated

advanced

bilgi

source

spring, origin

kaynak

spare

extra, free, leisure

yedek, fazla

specialise in

devote oneself to a particular

field of study

uzmanlamak

species

type, kind, family

tr, cins

specific

particular

belirli

specifically

particularly

belirli b.

specify

state name, identify, define

belirtmek

spectator
speculation
spirit

observer, viewer, onlooker,

bystander

izleyici

hypothesis, act of engaging in

kuram, tahmin,

risky business transactions

speklasyon, borsa oyunu

soul, psyche, ghost, phantom,

mood, enthusiasm

ruh, keyih, nee

splendid

wonderful, excellent, marvelous

grkemli, muhteem

split

divide, separate

ayrmak, blmek

spoil

damage, ruin, go bad

boz(ul)mak

spread

extend, stretch, scatter,

disperse, distribute

yay(l)mak

stage

phase, period, platform

safha, sahne

stamp

postage imprint

pul

starvation

extreme hunger, famine

alk

state

26

belirtmek, durum, hal,

say, speak, express, situation

devlet, eyalet

statesmen

political figure

devlet adam

steady

stable, constant

sabit, salam

steel

a strong grey alloy of iron

elik

steep

sheer, sharp

dik, sarp

stiff

rigid, hard

kat, sert

stir

mix, blend

kartrmak

stormy

windy, rainy, angry

frtnal, sinirli

straight

linear

dz, doru

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YDS VOCABULARY LIST

straightforward

honest, frank, candid, sincere,

uncomplicated

akszl

strangely

oddly, queerly

tuhaf b.

strength

might, power

stress

vurgulamak, bask yapmak,

emphasize, make tense

gerginlik yaratmak

strike

hit

vurmak, arpmak

striking

noticeable, obvious

dikkat ekici

strip

undress, remove

soymak

structure

building, construction

yap

struggle

strife, effort, endeavour, fight;

strive, try hard

mcadele (etmek)

submarine

ship that travels under water

denizalt

substance

material, matter, stuff

madde

solid, important, considerable,

kat, dayankl, gl,

real, notable

nemli, byk

substantially

considerably, largely

ok

succeed

achieve, do well, triumph

baarmak

suck

sip, be very bad

emmek, berbat olmak

substantial

suddenly

abruptly, immediately, instantly,

promptly, all at once, swiftly

aniden

suffer from

be affected by

ac ekmek

sufficient

enough, adequate

yeterli

suffocate
suggest
suggestion
summit

choke, strangle, be breathless,

smother
propose, recommend, advise
proposal, recommendation,
advice
top, peak, climax, zenith, high
point

bo(ul)mak
nermek
neri
zirve

superb

excellent, splendid

mkemmel, harika, sper

superficial

shallow, not profound

yzeysel

support

hold up, provide for, comfort,

encourage

destek (vermek)

suppose

assume, presume, expect

zannetmek

supreme

highest ranking, chief, head

stn, yce, en yksek

surface
surgical
surpass
surprisingly
survey
survival

27

exterior, outward appearance,

top
relating to surgery

yzey
cerrahi
amak, stn olmak,

exceed, go beyond, transcend

gemek, baskn kmak

unexpectedly, startlingly

artc b.

examine, interview, question;

gzden geirmek,

poll

yoklamak, anket

continuation of life

hayatta kalma

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Bolu Final Dergisi Dersanesi ngilizce retmeni

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YDS VOCABULARY LIST

survivor

a person who has survived

suspect

doubt, have a suspicion; accused phelenmek, pheli

hayatta kalan

tension, uncertainty,

askda kalma, kararszlk,

expectation, anxiety

beklenti

sustainable

maintainable

glendirilebilir

sympathy

compassion, caring, concern

efkat, halden anlama

talent

innate ability, aptitude, gift

doal yetenek

talented

gifted, skillful, dexterous

yetenekli

tariff

price, rate, tax

tarife, gmrk vergisi

task

mission, job, duty, chore

grev

tax

fee

vergi

suspense

tedious

tiresome, wearisome, boring,

routine, dull, monotonous

skc, usandrc, bezdirici

temper

rage, fury, (bad) mood

kzgnlk, fke, miza

temperature

the degree of heat

scaklk

temporary
tend

non-permanent, short-term,
passing
be inclined, be apt, be prone, be
liable, incline

geici
eilim olmak

tension

stress, anxiety, nervousness

gerilim

terrific

extreme, excellent

ok iyi, harika

territory
theme

region, district, zone, area,

domain
subject, topic, main idea, subject
matter

blge, toprak, arazi

tema, konu

thorough

comprehensive, complete, full

tam

threat

warning, ultimatum

tehdit

timber

wood

kereste

tomb

grave, burial chamber

mezar

topic

theme, subject matter

konu

track

path, route

iz, yol

trade

deal, transact, commerce,

business

ticaret

traditional

customary, long-established

geleneksel

traditionally

customarily

geleneksel olarak

transform

change, convert, alter

dntrmek

treat

behave towards

davranmak, muamele etmek

tribal

characteristics of a clan

kabile ile ilgili

tribe

clan, group, ethnic group

kabile

tribute
trivial

praise, compliment, payment,

indication
insignificant, unimportant,
minor, slight

28

vg, deme, belirti

nemsiz

troop

soldiers, armed forces

asker

truly

really

gerekten

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YDS VOCABULARY LIST

truth

fact, certainty

gerek

tryst

meeting

buluma

tutor

teacher, instructor, lecturer;

teach

eitmen, retmek

ugliness

unattractiveness

irkinlik

ultimately

in the end, eventually, finally

en sonunda

unbearable

intolerable, unendurable

dayanlmaz, ekilmez

uncertain

doubtful, unsure

kararsz, pheli

uncomfortable

painful, uneasy, tense

rahatsz

undeniably

indisputably

inkar edilemeyecek b,

underestimate

29

gerektiinden az deer
underrate, undervalue

vermek

undertake

tackle, take on

stlenmek

undesirable

unpleasant, nasty

istenmeyen, naho

undoubtedly

certainly, without doubt

kukusuz

unfamiliar

unusual, uncommon

allmam

unforgivable

inexcusable, unpardonable

affedilemez

unfortunately

sadly, unluckily, sad to say

maalesef, ne yazk ki

unique

singular

ei benzeri olmayan

universal

worldwide, general

evrensel

unlikely

improbable

muhtemel olmayan

unpredictable

unforeseeable, uncertain, erratic

tahmin edilemeyen

unrealistic

impractical, non-realistic

gereki olmayan

unreasonable

irrational

mantksz, sama

up to date

the latest, modern

gncel

up to this point

until now

imdiye kadar

urge

encourage, provoke

tevik etmek

urgent

prompt

acil

vacancy

empty space, opening

boluk

vague

ambiguous, uncertain

belirsiz

vanish

disappear, fade away

yokolmak

variety

diversity

eitlilik

various

diverse

eitli

vary

differ, change, alter

deimek

vast

large, enormous, huge

engin, ok geni

versatile

multitalented

ok ynl

verse

rhyme, stanza

msra, dize

version

edition

bask, srm

vessel

ship, a canal conveying blood

ara, kap, gemi, damar

vibration

tremor, shaking

titreim

violence

brutality, cruelty

iddet

virtually

almost, practically

neredeyse

visual

optical

grsel

vital

crucial

ok nemli

vitality

liveliness, dynamism

canllk

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YDS VOCABULARY LIST

vivid

lively, bright, dazzling

parlak, canl

vividly

brightly

parlak b.

vividness

brightness

parlaklk

volume

book, amount, degree of

loudness

cilt, miktar, hacim

walk off

leave, go away

ekip gitmek

warehouse

storehouse, stockroom

depo

warm up

prepare, get ready

hazrlanmak

watermelon

the large melon-like fruit

karpuz

way of life

lifestyle

yaam tarz

wealthy

rich, affluent

zengin, varlkl

weed

separate out, a wild plant

yabanl ot (temizlemek)

well-informed

who knows most relevant

information

30

haberdar

well-qualified

competent

kalifiye, nitelikli

whatsoever

at all, whatever

her ne, hangi, herhangi bir

wheat

cereal grass

buday

widely

greatly, famously

geni apta

widespread

common, prevalent

yaygn

wilderness

wastelands, uninhabited region

ekilmemi bo razi

wildlife

fauna, wild animals

vahi yaam

willing

enthusiastic

gnll, istekli

wipe out

destroy

yoketmek

withdraw

pull back, remove from

ekilmek, geri ekmek

withstand

bear stand up to, endure

dayanmak

wonder

marvel, be astonished

merak etmek

worship

pray

tapmak

worth

value, price

deer

youngster

child, teenager

ocuk, gen

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